博士笔试英语试题及答案

博士笔试英语试题及答案

一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分）1.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectformoftheverbinthesentence"IfI______heretomorrow,Iwillbehappy"?A)amcomingB)willcomeC)comeD)amcomeAnswer:B2.Whatisthepastparticipleoftheverb"toread"?A)readedB)readC)readesD)readeAnswer:B3.Theword"ambitious"isanexampleof:A)anadjectiveB)anounC)averbD)anadverbAnswer:A4.Inthesentence"Sheisthemostintelligentstudentintheclass,"whatisthefunctionof"themostintelligent"?A)verbB)adjectiveC)adverbD)prepositionAnswer:B5.Whichofthefollowingsentencesisanexampleofthepassivevoice?A)Thedogchasedthecat.B)Thecatwaschasedbythedog.C)Thedogischasingthecat.D)Thecatchasedthedog.Answer:B6.Whatisthecorrectwaytowritethepossessiveformof"children"?A)childrensB)children'sC)childrens'D)childrensAnswer:B7.Theword"however"isanexampleof:A)aconjunctionB)aprepositionC)anadverbD)aninterjectionAnswer:C8.Inthesentence"Hehasbeenworkinghereforfiveyears,"whattenseistheverbin?A)presentsimpleB)presentcontinuousC)pastsimpleD)futurecontinuousAnswer:B9.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectuseofthegerund?A)Eatingisenjoyable.B)Toeatisenjoyable.C)Eatenisenjoyable.D)Eatisenjoyable.Answer:A10.Theword"beautifully"isanexampleof:A)anadjectiveB)anounC)averbD)anadverbAnswer:D二、多项选择题（总共10题，每题2分）1.Whichofthefollowingaretypesofconjunctions?A)andB)butC)becauseD)soAnswer:A,B,C,D2.Whatarethepartsofspeech?A)nounB)verbC)adjectiveD)adverbE)prepositionAnswer:A,B,C,D,E3.Whichofthefollowingsentencesareinthepassivevoice?A)Thebookwasreadbyher.B)Shereadsthebook.C)Thebookisbeingreadbyher.D)Thebookwillbereadbyher.Answer:A,C,D4.Whataretheformsoftheverb"togo"inthepresenttense?A)goB)goesC)goingD)wentAnswer:A,B5.Whichofthefollowingarecorrectusesofthegerund?A)Swimmingisfun.B)Toswimisfun.C)Swamisfun.D)Swimisfun.Answer:A,B6.Whatarethefunctionsofadverbs?A)tomodifyverbsB)tomodifyadjectivesC)tomodifyotheradverbsD)tomodifyprepositionsAnswer:A,B,C7.Whichofthefollowingarecorrectpossessiveforms?A)boys'B)girlsC)childrens'D)teachers'Answer:A,D8.Whatarethetypesofsentences?A)declarativeB)interrogativeC)imperativeD)exclamatoryAnswer:A,B,C,D9.Whichofthefollowingarecorrectusesofthepassivevoice?A)Theletterwaswrittenbyhim.B)Theletteriswrittenbyhim.C)Theletterhasbeenwrittenbyhim.D)Theletterwillbewrittenbyhim.Answer:A,B,C,D10.Whatarethefunctionsofconjunctions?A)toconnectwordsB)toconnectphrasesC)toconnectclausesD)toconnectsentencesAnswer:A,B,C,D三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分）1.Theword"quickly"isanadverb.Answer:True2.Thepastparticipleof"togo"is"went."Answer:False3.Thesentence"Sheisreadingabook"isinthepassivevoice.Answer:False4.Theword"because"isaconjunction.Answer:True5.Thegerundformof"toread"is"reading."Answer:True6.Theword"beautifully"isanadjective.Answer:False7.Thesentence"Thebookwasreadbyher"isintheactivevoice.Answer:False8.Thepossessiveformof"children"is"childrens."Answer:False9.Theword"however"isapreposition.Answer:False10.Thefunctionofaconjunctionistoconnectwords.Answer:True四、简答题（总共4题，每题5分）1.Explainthedifferencebetweenagerundandapresentparticiple.Answer:Agerundisaverbformthatendsin"-ing"andfunctionsasanouninasentence.Forexample,"Swimmingisfun."Inthissentence,"swimming"isagerund.Apresentparticipleisalsoaverbformthatendsin"-ing,"butitfunctionsasanadjectiveorpartofaverbtense.Forexample,"Theswimmingpoolislarge."Here,"swimming"isapresentparticiplemodifyingthenoun"pool."2.Whatisthepassivevoice,andwhenisitused?Answer:Thepassivevoiceisagrammaticalconstructionwherethesubjectofthesentenceisacteduponbytheverb.Itisformedbyusingtheverb"tobe"intheappropriatetensefollowedbythepastparticipleofthemainverb.Thepassivevoiceisusedwhenthefocusisontheactionortheobjectratherthantheactor.Forexample,"Thebookwasreadbyher"emphasizesthebookratherthanthepersonwhoreadit.3.Describethefunctionofadverbsinasentence.Answer:Adverbsarewordsthatmodifyverbs,adjectives,orotheradverbs.Theyprovideadditionalinformationaboutthemanner,time,place,frequency,ordegreeoftheactionorqualitydescribed.Forexample,inthesentence"Shesingsbeautifully,""beautifully"isanadverbmodifyingtheverb"sings,"indicatingthemannerinwhichshesings.4.Whatarethedifferenttypesofsentences?Answer:Therearefourtypesofsentencesbasedontheirstructureandpurpose:declarativesentences,whichmakeastatementandendwithaperiod;interrogativesentences,whichaskaquestionandendwithaquestionmark;imperativesentences,whichgiveacommandorinstructionandendwithaperiod;andexclamatorysentences,whichexpressstrongemotionoremphasisandendwithanexclamationmark.五、讨论题（总共4题，每题5分）1.DiscusstheimportanceofunderstandingthepartsofspeechinEnglishgrammar.Answer:UnderstandingthepartsofspeechiscrucialinEnglishgrammarasithelpsinconstructingmeaningfulandgrammaticallycorrectsentences.Eachpartofspeechhasaspecificfunction,andknowingthesefunctionshelpsindeterminingtheappropriatewordstouseindifferentcontexts.Forexample,nounsrepresentpeople,places,orthings,whileverbsexpressactionsorstatesofbeing.Adjectivesdescribequalities,andadverbsmodifyverbs,adjectives,orotheradverbs.Asolidgraspofpartsofspeechenhancesclarity,precision,andeffectivenessincommunication.2.Explainhowthepassivevoicecanbeusefulincertainsituations.Answer:Thepassivevoicecanbeusefulinsituationswherethefocusisontheactionortheobjectratherthantheactor.Itisparticularlyusefulinscientificwriting,technicalmanuals,andformaldocumentswheretheemphasisisontheprocessortheresult.Forexample,inascientificpaper,itmightbemoreimportanttostatethat"Theexperimentwasconducted"ratherthan"Weconductedtheexperiment."Thepassivevoicealsoavoidstheneedtoidentifytheactor,whichcanbebeneficialwhentheactorisunknown,irrelevant,orobvious.However,overuseofthepassivevoicecanmakewritingseemvagueorimpersonal,soitisimportanttouseitjudiciously.3.Discusstheroleofconjunctionsinconnectingideasandsentences.Answer:Conjunctionsplayavitalroleinconnectingideasandsentencesbylinkingwords,phrases,andclausestogether.Theyhelptocreatecoherenceandsmoothflowinwritingandspeech.Therearedifferenttypesofconjunctions,includingcoordinatingconjunctions(suchas"and,""but,""or")thatconnectequalgrammaticalelements,andsubordinatingconjunctions(suchas"because,""although,""since")thatintroducedependentclauses.Conjunctiveadverbs(suchas"however,""therefore,""consequently")areusedtoconnectindependentclausesandindicatetherelationshipbetweenthem.Byusingconjunctionseffectively,writerscanestablishlogicalrelationshipsbetweenideas,guidereadersthroughcomplexarguments,andenhancetheoverallclarityandreada