【高二下期末】四川省宜宾市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

2/22022年春期高中教育阶段学业质量监测高二年级英语（考试时间：120分钟；总分：150分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.

5分，满分7.

5分）听下面5段对话，选出最佳选项。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.

What

does

the

woman

ask

the

man

to

do?A.Be

quiet.B.

Go

to

bed.C.

Look

after

the

kids.2.

What

is

the

man

doing?A.Checking

a

list.B.

Making

a

decision.C.Giving

advice.3.

How

does

the

man

feel?A.

Bored.B.

Disappointed.C.Relaxed.4.

Where

does

the

conversation

probably

take

place?A.In

a

book

shop.

B.

In

a

shoe

shop.C.

In

a

clothing

shop.5.

What

is

the

probable

relationship

between

the

speakers?A.

Husband

and

wife.B.

Boss

and

secretary.

C.Host

and

visitor.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.

5分，满分22.

5分）听下面5段对话或独白，选出最佳选项。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.

Why

does

the

woman

take

part

in

the

long

race?A.

To

win

a

medal.B.

To

encourage

her

child.C.

To

watch

sportsgames.7.

What

does

the

woman

suggest

the

man

do?A.

Join

a

gym.B.

Repeat

one

exercise.C.

Begin

with

something

simple.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.

When

does

the

woman’s

flight

leave?A.

At

4:

00.B.

At

7:

00.C.

At

8:

00.9.

How

will

the

woman

get

to

the

airport?A.

By

bus.B.

By

taxi.C.

By

subway.10.

How

long

is

the

flight?A.Two

and

a

halfhours.B.

Two

hours.C.

Anhour

and

a

half.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.

What

is

the

TV

program

about?A.

Athletes.B.

Children.C.

Doctors.12.

What

does

the

woman

think

of

Cal

Ripken

Jr.

?A.

He

was

rich.B.

He

was

famous.C.

He

was

kind.13.

What

will

the

woman

do

next?A.

Watch

TV.B.

Do

her

homework.

C.

Talk

with

her

Dad.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.

What

activity

did

the

man

like

best

in

the

camp?A.Singing

songs.B.

Giving

an

interview.C.

Taking

a

hot-air

balloon

ride.15.

What

were

campers

doing

when

a

boy

got

lost?.A.Going

on

a

hike.B.

Playing

a

game.

C.

Resting

near

a

river.16.

What

does

the

woman

say

about

the

man?A.

He’s

clever.B.

He’s

brave.C.

He’s

friendly.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.

Where

does

the

speaker

advise

listeners

to

take

a

personality

test?A.

On

the

Internet.B.

From

a

book.C.

In

a

testing

center.18.Why

does

the

speaker

mention

making

friends?A.To

show

the

importance

of

friendship.B.

To

compare

different

kinds

of

friends.C.

To

give

an

example

of

making

plans.19.

What

does

the

speaker

probably

do?A.She’s

a

student.

B.

She’s

a

reporter.C.

She’s

a

teacher.20.

What

does

the

speaker

mainly

talk

about?A.

How

to

overcome

weaknesses.B.

How

to

improve

working

skills.C.

How

to

be

different

from

others.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ABeavolunteerfortheForestProtectionPrograminMadagascartoprotecttherichnessandbeautyofMotherNature.YouwillgetthechancetounderstandthelocalenvironmentandrecordagreatofspeciesfoundinNosyKomba.Makelifelongfriendsandreturnwithwonderfulstories,picturesandmemories.Volunteer

Roles

&

Responsibilities✓

receiving

training

in

species

identification✓

making

field

surveys✓collecting

information✓

finding

out

changes

in

populations

&

habitat

health✓forecasting

possible

threatsVolunteer

Work

ScheduleVolunteersusuallyarriveonSundayandtheprogramwillstartfromMonday.Tuesdayisthefirstofficialdayoftheproject!Generally,youwillbedoingformalactivitieswithstaffandothermoreexperiencedvolunteers.Afterdinnereachday,wehaveashortmeetingtogooveractivitiesforthefollowingday.ActivitiesTimeMondayTuesday07:

00

Breakfast

Breakfast

at

the

camp08:

30

Welcome

MeetingStart

of

morning

activities

on

the

project09:

30

Health

and

Safety

Presentation11:

40

Complete

and

sign

forms

and

paper12:

00

LunchLunch

at

the

camp14:

00

To

the

neighboring

village

for

a

tourStart

of

afternoon

activities

on

the

project17:

00

Return

to

camp

Volunteer

activities

for

the

day18:

00

DinnerDinner

at

the

camp18:

45Daily

MeetingMeeting

to

go

over

activities

for

thenext

dayCost:Please

note:

An

additional

application

fee

of

$250

is

charged

besides

the

program

fee.2

weeks3

weeks4

weeks5

weeks6

weeksExtraweek＄695＄875＄1,

055＄1,

235＄1,415＄1801.What

mustthevolunteers

do?A.Look

for

endangered

species. B.Remove

dangers

from

the

forests.C.Carry

out

surveys

with

the

locals. D.Receivetrainingto

identify

species.2.How

much

should

a

volunteer

pay

if

taking

part

in

the

program

for

6

weeks?A.$1,665. B.$1,595. C.$1,415. D.$1,330.3.Whatwillyougainfromvolunteeringintheprogram?A.Informalactivitieswithstaff. B.Some

beautifulspecies.C.Awonderfulexperience. D.Agoodchancetotravel.【答案】1.D2.A3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个志愿者活动，介绍了日程安排和价格等信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据VolunteerRoles&Responsibilities部分中“✓receivingtraininginspeciesidentification(接受物种识别训练)”可知，志愿者必须接受识别物种的培训。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“Anadditionalapplicationfeeof$250ischargedbesidestheprogramfee.(除课程费用外，还收取250美元的额外申请费)”以及表格内容可知，参加6周计划的志愿者需要支付250+1415=1665美元。故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“BeavolunteerfortheForestProtectionPrograminMadagascartoprotecttherichnessandbeautyofMotherNature.YouwillgetthechancetounderstandthelocalenvironmentandrecordagreatofspeciesfoundinNosyKomba.Makelifelongfriendsandreturnwithwonderfulstories,picturesandmemories.(成为马达加斯加森林保护项目的志愿者，保护丰富美丽的大自然母亲。你将有机会了解当地的环境，并记录在NosyKomba发现的大量物种。交一辈子的朋友，带着精彩的故事、照片和回忆回来)”可推知，参加这个项目的志愿活动你会得到一次美妙的经历。故选C。BA99-year-oldBritishWorldWarIIveteranhasraisedmorethan$9millionindonationsfortheU.K.’sNationalHealthServiceasitbattles

COVID-19.TomMoore,whorosetotherank

ofarmycaptainwhileservinginBritish-ruledIndiaandBurma,setouttowalk

100lapsofhisbackgardeninBedfordshire,around50milesnorthwestofLondon,beforehis100thbirthdayonApril30.Hisoriginalfundraisingtarget

was$1,250.HisfamilysaidthefundraisingsiteJustGivinghadtostop

the“CaptainTomMoore’s100thBirthdayWalkfortheNHS”page

fromcrashing,asmorethan90,000peopletriedtoaccess

itatonepoint.Sofar,morethan347,000peoplehavedonatedtoMoore’seffort.Mooreplanstocontinuefundraising,withanother100lapsin10-lapdailyincrements.ThemoneywillgotoNHSCharitiesTogether,acollective

thatsupportsthemedicalstaff,volunteers,facilitiesandpatientsoftheNHS,Britain’spubliclyfunded

healthcaresystem.“Let’sallcarryon

andrememberthatthingswillgetbetter,”Moore

toldBBCNews.“Wehavehadproblemsbefore—wehaveovercomethem—andweshallallovercomethesamethingagain.”MooredecidedtousethefundraisingchallengetothankNHSstaffforhelpinghimrecoverfromarecenthipreplacementandskincancer.Hewasencouragedbyhisdaughter,HannahIngramMoore,whosaidsheoriginallythoughtthe$1,250targetwas“astretch”.“Lifeisallaboutpurpose—weallneedpurpose,”IngramMoore

toldtheBBC.“Hehashadalifefullofpurpose,thoughhedidfallandbreakhishipandbecamemuchlessindependentthanhehadbeenforthepast98years.”IngramMooresaidtheBritishpublicanddonorshavegivenherfatheranewpurposelateinlife:“Ithinkhe’lldothisuntileveryonesays,‘Stop,don’tdothisanymore.’”4.WhydidMooreraisemoney?A.TosavetheCOVID-19patients. B.Tomemorizehislifeinthearmy.C.Tosetupanorganizationforsoldiers. D.TomakeadonationtoNationalHealthService.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“astretch”meaninParagraph6？A.Spread. B.Range. C.Limit. D.Result.6.WhatmattersmosttoMoore’sfamily?A.Lifepurpose. B.Armylife. C.Earningmoney. D.Keepingfit.7.WhichwordscanbestdescribeTomMoore?A.Gentleandromantic. B.Kindandpositive.C.Braveandambitious. D.Meanandselfish.【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要叙述了一名99岁的英国二战老兵TomMoore为英国国家医疗服务体系抗击COVID-19筹集了900多万美元的捐款。介绍了TomMoore的个人信息以及筹款的过程。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“A99-year-oldBritishWorldWarIIveteranhasraisedmorethan$9millionindonationsfortheU.K.’sNationalHealthServiceasitbattlesCOVID-19.(一名99岁的英国二战老兵为英国国家医疗服务体系抗击COVID-19筹集了900多万美元的捐款)”以及第四段中“ThemoneywillgotoNHSCharitiesTogether,acollectivethatsupportsthemedicalstaff,volunteers,facilitiesandpatientsoftheNHS,Britain’spubliclyfundedhealthcaresystem.(这笔钱将捐给英国国家医疗服务体系慈善组织，这个组织为英国国家医疗服务体系的医务人员、志愿者、设施和患者提供支持)”可知，Moore筹集资金是为了向国家卫生服务机构捐款。故选D。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Hisoriginalfundraisingtargetwas$1,250.(他最初的筹款目标是1250美元)”以及画线词上文“sheoriginallythoughtthe$1,250targetwas”可知，Moore的女儿最初认为1250美元的目标是极限了，故画线词意思是“极限”。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““Lifeisallaboutpurpose—weallneedpurpose,”IngramMooretoldtheBBC.“Hehashadalifefullofpurpose,thoughhedidfallandbreakhishipandbecamemuchlessindependentthanhehadbeenforthepast98years.”(“生活就是目标——我们都需要目标，”英格拉姆·摩尔在接受BBC采访时表示。“他的生活充满了目标，尽管他摔了一跤，摔断了髋骨，也比过去98年变得不那么独立了。”)”可知，对Moore的家人最重要的是人生目的。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“A99-year-oldBritishWorldWarIIveteranhasraisedmorethan$9millionindonationsfortheU.K.’sNationalHealthServiceasitbattlesCOVID-19.(一名99岁的英国二战老兵为英国国家医疗服务体系抗击COVID-19筹集了900多万美元的捐款)”以及第五段““Let’sallcarryonandrememberthatthingswillgetbetter,”MooretoldBBCNews.“Wehavehadproblemsbefore—wehaveovercomethem—andweshallallovercomethesamethingagain.”(摩尔在接受BBC新闻采访时表示：“让我们坚持下去，记住事情会变得更好。我们以前有过问题——我们克服了它们——我们将再次克服同样的问题。”)”可推知，TomMoore善良且积极。故选B。CYourshoesarechangingyourfeet.Theanklesofpeoplewhohabituallywearshoesaredifferenttothoseofpeoplewhotendtowalkbarefoot.Inmanyindustrialsocieties,peopletendtowearshoesfromayoungage.However,manypeoplearoundtheworldoftengobarefoot,orwearonlyverythinfootwear.“Weknowthattherearesomevariationsinthefeetofmodernhumansduetotheuseofshoes,”saysRitaSorrentinoattheUniversityofBolognainItaly.Butmostpreviousfindingsrelatetothefrontandmiddleofthefoot.Sheandherteamhavefocusedontheankleinstead.Theystudied142anklebonesfrom11populationsfromNorthAmerica,AfricaandEurope.Theseincludedsandal-wearingNgunifarmersinsouthernAfrica,peoplelivinginNewYorkandfossilizedbonesfromStoneAgehunter-gatherers.Thehunter-gatherers’anklebonesweresignificantlyshorterthanthoseofpeoplelivinginmoderncities,andtherewereotherdifferencesintheshape.“Theyaremostlyconnectedtofootwear-relatedbehaviorsandsportsbehaviors”saysSorrentino.Thehuntergathererswalkedbarefootforlongdistanceseverydayovernaturalterrain.Theirankleswererelativelyflexible.Incontrast,peoplewholiveinbigcities,whowearconstrictivefootwearandwalkshortdistancesonflatsurfaceslikeasphaltroads,hadmorerigidankles.Changestoanklebonestakeplaceoverthecourseofaperson’slife,andthereisnoevidencethatthesealterationscanbepassedongenetically.Itisanopenquestionwhethershoeshavedisadvantages,butSorrentinosuspectsthattherigidityofmodernshoescausesourbonestobecomeweakerandbonecrackingmoreeasily.8.WhatdoesSorrentino’sresearchcenteron?A.Thelengthoffootbones. B.Theimpactofshoesonankles.C.Thedevelopmentofhumanshoes. D.Thereasonsforanklebonesrigidity.9.Howwastheresearchcarriedout?A.Byanalyzingdata. B.Byfollowingexamples.C.Bycomparingsamples. D.Bycollectingquestionnaires.10.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph5?A.Genesaffectchangesofanklejoint. B.Shoeschangethewayhumanwalk.C.Thehardnessofshoescanharmbones. D.Walkingbarefootmakesanklebonesflexible.11.Whichcouldbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.WearingShoesWeakensOurAnkleBones B.FactsaboutWalkingBarefootSurpriseUsC.EarlyShoesDifferfromModernShoes D.ShoesAreCloselyConnectedwithHealth【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一项研究表明穿鞋会削弱我们的脚踝骨骼，介绍了研究开展的过程以及研究的发现。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段““Weknowthattherearesomevariationsinthefeetofmodernhumansduetotheuseofshoes,”saysRitaSorrentinoattheUniversityofBolognainItaly.Butmostpreviousfindingsrelatetothefrontandmiddleofthefoot.Sheandherteamhavefocusedontheankleinstead.(意大利博洛尼亚大学的RitaSorrentino说：“我们知道，现代人的脚由于鞋子的使用而产生了一些变化。”但之前的大多数研究结果都与脚的前部和中部有关。她和她的团队转而专注于脚踝)”可知，索伦蒂诺的研究中心是鞋子对脚踝的影响。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Theystudied142anklebonesfrom11populationsfromNorthAmerica,AfricaandEurope.Theseincludedsandal-wearingNgunifarmersinsouthernAfrica,peoplelivinginNewYorkandfossilizedbonesfromStoneAgehunter-gatherers.Thehunter-gatherers’anklebonesweresignificantlyshorterthanthoseofpeoplelivinginmoderncities,andtherewereotherdifferencesintheshape.(他们研究了来自北美、非洲和欧洲11个族群的142块踝关节骨。这些化石包括非洲南部穿着凉鞋的恩古尼农民、生活在纽约的人们以及石器时代狩猎采集者的骨骼化石。狩猎采集者的踝骨明显比生活在现代城市的人短，而且在形状上还有其他差异)”可知，这项研究是通过比较样本进行的。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Thehuntergathererswalkedbarefootforlongdistanceseverydayovernaturalterrain.Theirankleswererelativelyflexible.(这些采猎者每天赤脚在自然地形上走很远的路。他们的脚踝相对灵活)”可知，赤脚走路使脚踝骨灵活。故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Itisanopenquestionwhethershoeshavedisadvantages,butSorrentinosuspectsthattherigidityofmodernshoescausesourbonestobecomeweakerandbonecrackingmoreeasily.(鞋子是否有缺点是一个尚未解决的问题，但索伦蒂诺怀疑，现代鞋子的刚性导致我们的骨骼变弱，骨骼更容易断裂)”结合文章主要说明了一项研究表明穿鞋会削弱我们的脚踝骨骼，介绍了研究开展的过程以及研究的发现。可知，A选项“穿鞋会削弱我们的脚踝骨骼”最符合文章标题，故选A。DLibrarieshavebeenbastionsofknowledgeformillennia,andlittlehaschangedduringtheagesinhowtheyoperateona

basic

level.Onlyinthepastfewdecadeshavecomputerdatabasesmadeloggingbooksandacademicpapersmoreefficient.FromvirtualAIvoicesthatcanhelpyouchooseyournextnovel,tophysicalmachinesthatarchive(归档),retrieve(检索),andlogbooksofallkinds,technologyisstealthilyinfluencingourquietreadingzones.Robotsaresteadilyemerginginlibrariesaroundtheworld,too.Robotsthatcansearchthroughtheshelvesandscanthemformisplacedbooksmaysoonbethefutureforeveryschoolandcommunitylearningfacility.Bookshave,inrecentyears,beenfittedwithradiofrequencytags,similartothoseusedinkeycardsandforunlockingcars.Thesecanbescannedbyautonomousmachines,andflaggeduptolibrariansifabookhappensnottobefound.Realitytechnologiesthatsuperimpose(叠加)dataontothesurroundingsofauserarealsofastbecomingpopularineducationsectorsandinlibraries.Subjectssuchashistory,science,andtechnologyareall

benefitingfromsuchimmersivevisual“textbooks”,whichmayslowlycometoreplaceexistingphysicalpaperbooks.Appscannowshowuserswhattheirarealookedlikeinancienttimes,asauserlooksaround,or

highlight

environmentaldamageinspecificareaswithdataandanalysisinrealtimeasuserswalk.Thepopularuseoftheseprograms,especiallyinuniversitylibraries,meansthatsignificantfacilityupgradeswillbeseenuniversallyinthecomingyears.12.What’sthemainideaofParagraph1?A.AIistakingtheplaceoflibrarians.B.Computerdatabaseshelpclassifybooks.C.Librariescanchangeaperson’sculturallevel.D.Technologyrevolutionsaretakingplaceinlibraries.13.Whathelplibrariansfindthemissingbooks?A.VirtualAIvoices. B.Radiofrequencytags.C.Realitytechnologies. D.Thekeycards.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Technologyischangingthepurposeoflibraries.B.Modernlibrariesimprovereadingabilityquickly.C.Visualtextbookswillgraduallybeusedintheschool.D.TheenvironmentaldestructioncanbepredictedbyApps.15.Whatisthetext?A.Asciencearticle. B.Anewsreport.C.Alibrarybrochure. D.Ajobdiary.【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍科技对图书馆及图书的影响和改变。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Librarieshavebeenbastionsofknowledgeformillennia,andlittlehaschangedduringtheagesinhowtheyoperateonabasiclevel.Onlyinthepastfewdecadeshavecomputerdatabasesmadeloggingbooksandacademicpapersmoreefficient.FromvirtualAIvoicesthatcanhelpyouchooseyournextnovel,tophysicalmachinesthatarchive(归档),retrieve(检索),andlogbooksofallkinds,technologyisstealthilyinfluencingourquietreadingzones.(几千年来，图书馆一直是知识的堡垒，在基本层面上的运作方式，历代以来几乎没有什么变化。只是在过去的几十年里，计算机数据库才使记录的书籍和学术论文更加高效。从可以帮助你选择下一部小说的虚拟AI语音，到归档，检索和记录各种书籍的物理机器，技术正在悄悄地影响着我们安静的阅读区。)”可知，文章第一段主要介绍科技对图书馆的影响和改变，及技术革命正在图书馆发生，故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Bookshave,inrecentyears,beenfittedwithradiofrequencytags,similartothoseusedinkeycardsandforunlockingcars.Thesecanbescannedbyautonomousmachines,andflaggeduptolibrariansifabookhappensnottobefound.(近年来，书籍已经应用了无线射频标签，类似于钥匙卡和解锁汽车时使用的标签。这些可以通过自动化的机器进行扫描，如果碰巧找不到一本书，则将其标记给图书馆管理员。)”可知，图书馆的书籍应用了无线射频标签，可以帮助图书管理员追踪丢失的书籍，故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Realitytechnologiesthatsuperimpose(叠加)dataontothesurroundingsofauserarealsofastbecomingpopularineducationsectorsandinlibraries.Subjectssuchashistory,science,andtechnologyareallbenefitingfromsuchimmersivevisual“textbooks”,whichmayslowlycometoreplaceexistingphysicalpaperbooks.(将数据叠加到用户周围环境的现实技术也在教育部门和图书馆中迅速普及。历史、科学、技术等学科都受益于这种身临其境的视觉“教科书”，这些教科书可能会慢慢取代现有的纸质书。)”可知，将数据叠加到用户周围环境的现实技术也在教育部门和图书馆中迅速普及。这些“视觉”教科书可能会慢慢取代现有的纸质书。故推知视觉教科书将逐步在学校使用。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Librarieshavebeenbastionsofknowledgeformillennia,andlittlehaschangedduringtheagesinhowtheyoperateonabasiclevel.Onlyinthepastfewdecadeshavecomputerdatabasesmadeloggingbooksandacademicpapersmoreefficient.FromvirtualAIvoicesthatcanhelpyouchooseyournextnovel,tophysicalmachinesthatarchive(归档),retrieve(检索),andlogbooksofallkinds,technologyisstealthilyinfluencingourquietreadingzones.(几千年来，图书馆一直是知识的堡垒，在基本层面上的运作方式，历代以来几乎没有什么变化。只是在过去的几十年里，计算机数据库才使记录的书籍和学术论文更加高效。从可以帮助你选择下一部小说的虚拟AI语音，到归档，检索和记录各种书籍的物理机器，技术正在悄悄地影响着我们安静的阅读区。)”可知，文章主要介绍科技正逐渐影响和改变图书馆及图书，故推知这是一篇关于科学的文章，故选A。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Howcanwelivemoremeaningfully?Tofindout,Ispentfiveyearsinterviewinghundredsofpeopleandreadingthroughthousandsofpagesofpsychology,neuroscienceandphilosophy.____16____Thefirstpillarisbelonging.Belongingcomesfrombeinginrelationshipswhereyou’revaluedandwhereyouvalueothersaswell.Butsomegroupsandrelationshipsdeliveracheapformofbelonging.____17____Itlivesinmomentsamongindividuals,andyoucanchoosetocultivatebelongingwithothers.Formanypeople,belongingisthemostessentialsourceofmeaning,thosebondstofamilyandfriends.____18____Now,findingyourpurposeisnotthesamethingasfindingthatjobthatmakesyouhappy.Thekeytopurposeisusingyourstrengthstoserveothers.Thethirdpillarofmeaningisaboutsteppingbeyondyourself.____19____Transcendentstatesarethoseraremomentswhenyou’reliftedabovethebusydailylife.Now,thefourthpillarofmeaning,I’vefound,tendstosurprisepeople.Thefourthpillarisstorytelling.Thestoryyoutellyourselfisaboutyourself.____20____Ithelpsyouunderstandhowyoubecameyou.Butwedon’talwaysrealizethatwe’retheauthorsofourstoriesandcanchangethewaywe’retellingthem.Wecanedit,interpretandretellourstories.A.Buttruebelongingspringsfromlove.B.Butitisinacompletelydifferentway:transcendence.C.We’reconstantlycreatingourlives,addingtoourstory.D.Forothers,thekeytomeaningisthesecondpillar:purpose.E.Bringingitalltogether,Ifoundfourpillarsofameaningfullife.F.Creatinganarrativefromtheeventsofyourlifebringsclearness.G.Andthestudiesshowthatpeoplewhohavemeaninginlifelivelonger.【答案】16.E17.A18.D19.B20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论如何更有意义地生活，及人生意义的四大支柱。【16题详解】下文“Thefirstpillarisbelonging.(第一个支柱是归属。)”介绍有意义的生活的第一个支柱。E项“Bringingitalltogether,Ifoundfourpillarsofameaningfullife.(把它们放在一起，我发现了有意义的生活的四大支柱。)”引出下文，介绍人生意义的四大支柱。故选E。【17题详解】上文“Belongingcomesfrombeinginrelationshipswhereyou’revaluedandwhereyouvalueothersaswell.Butsomegroupsandrelationshipsdeliveracheapformofbelonging.(归属感来自于你被重视的关系，以及你也重视他人的关系。但有些群体和关系提供了一种廉价的归属感。)”及下文“Itlivesinmomentsamongindividuals,andyoucanchoosetocultivatebelongingwithothers.(它存在于个体间共处的时刻，你可以选择与他人一起培养归属感。)”说明归属感的来源。A项“Buttruebelongingspringsfromlove.(但真正的归属感源于爱。)”承上启下，说明归属感的来源。故选A。【18题详解】下文“Now,findingyourpurposeisnotthesamethingasfindingthatjobthatmakesyouhappy.Thekeytopurposeisusingyourstrengthstoserveothers.(现在，找到你的目标和找到那份让你快乐的工作不是一回事。目标的关键是利用自己的优势为他人服务。)”介绍目标，定义目标。D项“Forothers,thekeytomeaningisthesecondpillar:purpose.(对于其他人来说，意义的关键是第二个支柱：目标。)”引出下文，介绍人生意义的第二个支柱：目标。故选D。【19题详解】下文“Transcendentstatesarethoseraremomentswhenyou’reliftedabovethebusydailylife.(超然的状态是那些罕见的时刻，你从繁忙的日常生活中脱离出来的时刻。)”介绍超然的状态。B项“Butitisinacompletelydifferentway:transcendence.(但它是以一种完全不同的方式：超然。)”引出下文，介绍人生意义的第三个支柱——超然。故选B。【20题详解】上文“Thefourthpillarisstorytelling.Thestoryyoutellyourselfisaboutyourself.(第四个支柱是讲故事。你讲给自己的是关于你自己的故事。)”及下文“Ithelpsyouunderstandhowyoubecameyou.Butwedon’talwaysrealizethatwe’retheauthorsofourstoriesandcanchangethewaywe’retellingthem.Wecanedit,interpretandretellourstories.(它帮助你了解你是如何成为你的。但我们并不总是意识到我们是故事的作者，及我们可以改变我们讲述它们的方式。我们可以编辑，解释和重述我们的故事。)”介绍人生意义的第四个支柱——讲故事，讲什么故事及如何讲故事。F项“Creatinganarrativefromtheeventsofyourlifebringsclearness.(从你生活中的事件中创造一个故事，这会带来清晰，让你看得更清楚。)”承上启下，介绍讲故事对生活的意义和好处。故选F。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Foralongtimenowwehavehadafat,fluffy,black,stray(流浪的)catinourneighborhood.SometimesIseeherlyinginmybackyard.SometimesIseeherhidingundermycar.Sometimessheevenwentintomy___21___throughacrackonthedoor.EachtimeIhave___22___her,however,shehasrunaway.___23___,Igaveupanddecidedtorespecther___24___.Ievenkeptthe___25___soshecouldstayinmyhouseonthecoldnights.Shemorethanpaidherrentbykeepingthemiceaway.Weseemedtohaveanice,littlebusinessrelationship___26___.Recently,though,something___27___happened.Thisindependentstraycatdecidedtoadoptmydaughter,Beth.EachtimeBethwalksovertomyhousesheis___28___bythecat.Thecatwalksbetweenherlegs,followingheruntilthecatgets___29___.IthashappeneddayafterdayuntilthismorningBeth___30___herabowlofcatfood.Iguessthat___31___thedealbecauseBethevenstartedcallingthecat,“Alice”.IdoubtAlicewilleveragreetobecomean___32___catbutsheseemstohavemadeBethherforever___33___.Itmakesmesmileseeingsuchadogpersongettingsuchlovefromastraycat,butBethhasa(an)___34___andlovethat___35___allsortsofanimalstoherfromdogs,tocats,tobirds.Isn’tit___36___howloveworksitswayintoourheartsandlives?Weare___37___ourownbusinessand___38___wehaveanewpet,oranewfriend,orgeta___39___toshareanactofkindness.Letyourlove___40___intothelivesofothersaswell.Becausetoloveistotrulyliveandtoliveistotrulylove.21.A.house B.car C.window D.stairs22.A.touched B.approached C.witnessed D.sought23.A.Constantly B.Gradually C.Finally D.Firstly24.A.independence B.course C.routine D.strength25.A.garden B.hall C.crack D.kitchen26.A.operating B.running C.happening D.going27.A.awful B.real C.strange D.similar28.A.stared B.greeted C.received D.bothered29.A.spotted B.punished C.admitted D.petted30.A.paid B.lent C.urged D.left31.A.cut B.stopped C.tried D.wrote32.A.outdoor B.indoor C.outside D.inside33.A.brother B.sister C.cousin D.friend34.A.cleverness B.calmness C.kindness D.laziness35.A.enjoys B.cares C.sees D.draws36.A.amazing B.embarrassing C.amusing D.boring37.A.doing B.minding C.thinking D.living38.A.merely B.hardly C.suddenly D.slightly39.A.moment B.word C.rest D.gesture40.A.pour B.flow C.throw D.crash【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.A25.C26.D27.C28.B29.D30.D31.A32.B33.D34.C35.D36.A37.A38.C39.A40.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者家来了一只流浪猫，经过相处，流浪猫和作者一家成为了朋友。作者也感悟到爱以它的方式进入我们的心灵和生活是很神奇的事情。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时她甚至从门缝里进到我家来。A.house房子；B.car汽车；C.window窗户；D.stairs楼梯。呼应后文“shecouldstayinmyhouseonthecoldnights”指流浪猫进作者的屋子里。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，每次我走近她，她都跑开了。A.touched触碰；B.approached靠近；C.witnessed目击；D.sought寻找。根据后文“her,however,shehasrunaway.”可知作者想要靠近流浪猫，但是没有成功。故选B。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我放弃了，决定尊重她的独立性。A.Constantly总是；B.Gradually逐渐地；C.Finally最后；D.Firstly首先。根据后文“Igaveupanddecidedtorespecther”指作者经过尝试，最终还是放弃了接近流浪猫。故选C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，我放弃了，决定尊重她的独立性。A.independence独立；B.course课程；C.routine常规；D.strength力量。根据上文可知流浪猫不让作者接近，而且作者最后也放弃了，决定尊重她的独立性。故选A。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我甚至留下了一道门缝，这样她就可以在寒冷的夜晚待在我家里。A.garden花园；B.hall大厅；C.crack裂缝（门缝）；D.kitchen厨房。呼应上文“throughacrack”指留下了裂缝（门缝），让猫进屋里。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的关系看起来还不错。A.operating操作；B.running奔跑；C.happening发生；D.going进展。根据上“Weseemedtohaveanice,littlebusinessrelationship”指作者和流浪猫的关系进展不错，故选D。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，最近发生了一些奇怪的事情。A.awful糟糕的；B.real真的；C.strange奇怪的；D.similar相似的。根据后文“Thisindependentstraycatdecidedtoadoptmydaughter,Beth.(这只独立的流浪猫决定跟着我的女儿贝丝)”可知，发生了奇怪的事情。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次贝丝进屋，都会受到猫的欢迎。A.stared凝视；B.greeted问候、迎接；C.received收到；D.bothered麻烦。根据后文“Thecatwalksbetweenherlegs,followingher”可知，猫喜欢作者的女儿，即：贝丝受到猫的欢迎，故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：猫在她的两腿之间走，跟着她，直到被贝丝爱抚。A.spotted发现；B.punished惩罚；C.admitted承认；D.petted爱抚。根据上文“thecatgets”可知猫受到的是应该是爱抚，pet符合语境。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样日复一日地发生着，直到今天早上贝丝给她留下了一碗猫粮。A.paid支付；B.lent借给；C.urged催促；D.left离开、留下。根据后文“herabowlofcatfood”指给猫留下了一碗猫粮。故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想这就搞定了，因为贝丝甚至开始叫这只猫“爱丽丝”。A.cut切割；B.stopped停止；C.tried尝试；D.wrote写。根据后文“thedealbecauseBethevenstartedcallingthecat,“Alice””指作者认为贝丝和猫的关系已经确定了，cutthedeal表示“搞定”。故选A。【32题详解】考查形容词/介词词义辨析。句意：我怀疑爱丽丝永远不会同意成为一只室内猫，但她似乎已经和贝丝成为了永远的朋友。A.outdoor室外的；B.indoor室内的；C.outside在……的外面；D.inside在……内。爱丽丝是一只流浪猫，所以作者怀疑它永远不会同意成为一只室内猫，即：只待在屋里，故选B。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我怀疑爱丽丝永远不会同意成为一只室内猫，但她似乎已经和贝丝成为了永远的朋友。A.brother兄弟；B.sister姐妹；C.cousin表亲；D.friend朋友。结合上文可知贝丝和猫成为了朋友。故选D。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到这样一个爱狗的人从一只流浪猫那里得到如此多的爱，我不禁笑了，但贝丝的善良和爱吸引了各种各样的动物，从狗、猫到鸟。A.cleverness聪明；B.calm