高考英语二轮复习（新高考版） 第1部分 阅读理解与阅读七选五　专题1　第6讲　体裁微解-记叙文

第一部分阅读理解和阅读七选五题型分析解题策略随堂演练第6讲体裁微解——记叙文记叙文是以写人、记事、状物为主要内容，以记叙和描写为表达方式的文章。一篇记叙文，无论长短都应该是一个完全独立的事实，描写人物、地点、事件和过程，表达作者的某种情感。主要具有以下特点：题型分析选材新颖、生动、真实、典型的素材描写，让读者有身临其境的感觉。内容记叙文应该包括六要素，即：时间、地点、人物、起因、经过和结果。可以按事件发生的时间顺序写，也可以按事件发生的先后写。形式顺叙、倒叙、插叙。语言一般过去时为主，各种时态为辅，合理使用丰富多彩的谓语动词时态是英语记叙文首要的语言特征；多用动词，尤其是动态强的行为动词是英语记叙文又一个明显的语言特征。命题主要集中在多个事件的先后顺序与人物的情感态度上。返回高考英语记叙文设题主要集中在细节理解题和推理判断题，因此，阅读这类文章时，应该在整体把握文章结构的前提下，一方面要依据文章的顺序和故事的发展弄清一系列事件的先后顺序以及它们之间的逻辑关系，必要时可以对事件进行排序；另一方面，还要根据人物的处境和描写、议论时所用的特定词语来准确把握人物的情感与态度，做到入情入境，特别要留意描写和议论时所用的形容词和副词。具体答题策略如下：解题策略策略指导技法解读弄清六要素何人、何时、何地，因何原因做了何事，结果如何，有何启示或感想。弄清写作目的证明一个观点；赞美某种美德；谴责某种罪恶；提供娱乐。关注开头和结尾把握事情的动向，尾段经常是主题的升华所在。关注情感主线分析事情的发展脉络，弄清人物关系，透析文章的情感主线。(2022·浙江1月·A)Fornearlyadecadenow，Merebethhasbeenaself-employedpettransportspecialist.Herpettransportjobwasbornofthefinancialcrisis(危机)inthelate2000s.Thedownturnhittherealestate(房地产)firmwhereshehadworkedfortenyearsasanofficemanager.Thefirmwentbrokeandleftherlookingforanewjob.Oneday，whiledrivingnearherhome，shesawadogwanderingontheroad，感悟真题·体验技法clearlylost.Shetookithome，andhersisterinDenveragreedtotakeit.Thiswasalovinghomeforsure，but1，600milesaway.Itdidn’ttakelongforMerebethtodecidetodrivethedogthereherself.Itwasherfirstroadtriptohernewjob.Merebeth’spetdeliveryservicesatisfiesherwanderlust.IthastakenhertoeverystateintheUSexceptMontana，WashingtonandOregon，shesaysproudly.Ifshewantstovisitanewplace，shewillsimplyfindapetwithtransportneedsthere.Shetravelsinallweathers.Shehasdriventhrough55mphwindsinWyoming，heavyfloodingandstormsinAlabamaandtotalwhiteoutconditionsinKansas.Thiswanderlustisinheritedfromherfather，shesays.HemovedtheirfamilyfromCanadatoCaliforniawhenshewasoneyearold，becausehewantedthemtoexploreanewplacetogether.AssoonasshegraduatedfromhighschoolshelefthometoliveonCatalinaIslandofftheCaliforniacoast，awayfromherparents，wheresheenjoyedalifeofsailingandoff-roadbiking.Itturnsoutthatpettransportingpaysquitewellatabout$30，000peryearbeforetax.Shedoesn’tworkinsummer，asitwouldbeunpleasantlyhotfortheanimalsinthecar，evenwithairconditioning.Asautumncomes，shegetsrestless—thesameoldwanderlustreturning.It’sacallshemusthandlealone，though.Merebethsays，“WhenI’montheroadI’mjustinmyownworld.I’vealwaysbeenindependent-spiritedandIjustfeelstronglythatImusthelpanimals.”语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Merebeth从事的新工作。近十年来，她一直是一名自营宠物运输专家。21.WhydidMerebethchangeherjob?A.Shewantedtoworknearherhome.B.Shewastiredofworkingintheoffice.C.HersisteraskedhertomovetoDenver.D.Herformeremployerwasoutofbusiness.√细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Thedownturnhittherealestate(房地产)firmwhereshehadworkedfortenyearsasanofficemanager.Thefirmwentbrokeandleftherlookingforanewjob.”可知，Merebeth之所以换工作，是因为她以前的雇主破产了。故选D。22.Theword“wanderlust”inparagraph2meansadesireto

.A.makemoneyB.tryvariousjobsC.beclosetonatureD.traveltodifferentplaces√词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词后两句“她自豪地说，除了蒙大拿州、华盛顿州和俄勒冈州，她走遍了美国所有的州。如果她想去一个新的地方，她只需要在那里找到一个有运输需要的宠物。

她风雨无阻地旅行。”可知，画线词的意思是“渴望去不同的地方旅行”。故选D。23.WhatcanwelearnaboutMerebethinhernewjob?A.Shehaschancestoseerareanimals.B.Sheworkshardthroughouttheyear.C.Shereliesonherselfthewholetime.D.Sheearnsabasicandtax-freesalary.√推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“WhenI’montheroadI’mjustinmyownworld.I’vealwaysbeenindependent-spiritedandIjustfeelstronglythatImusthelpanimals.”可知，Merebeth在她的新工作中一直都是靠自己。故选C。返回随堂演练AReilly，mydaughter’syellowLabradorRetriever，enjoyslifeinthecountry.He’sfriendly，playfulandintelligent.Reillyhasanactivelifestyle.Buthe’sbuiltlikeatankasafoodie.Reillywatcheseverypiecethatgoesfromourhandstoourmouths.Dropit，andwedon’tstandachanceofbeatinghimtoit.It’sgoneinoneswallow.Ifwe’repreparingdinnerandignoringhim，hecatchestheedgeofhiswide-mouthedcheese-ballfarwithhisjawsintothekitchen.Hishopeisthatsomeonewilldropdoggietreatsinhisjar.Hedropsitwithaloudnoiseontothehardwoodfloor.Reilly’shungry，yousee.He’salwayshungry.Nobodywillrefusetotreathim.Thenhewilltakethejarawayanddropitonthefloorsothatthetreatsbounceout，andhethrowshimselfontothemasfastaslightning.Helovesthisgame!Oneday，Reillydisappeared，andmydaughterErindidn’tknowwherehewent.Heisn’tallowedtoleavetheyard，andusuallyhedoesn’t.Buthedidthatday.Erinwasworriedandwalkedtoneighbors’homeslookingforhim.NoReilly.Sometimelater，thebigdogwasback...andnotempty-handed.Inhishugemouthwasadeliciousroastbeef，stillwarm.Erinfeltlightheaded.Whosedinnerwasthis？Wheredidhegetit？Whatwouldpeoplethinkwhentheywentoutdoorsandfoundtheirgrillemptyandtheirroastgone?Nobodyseemedtoknowathingaboutit.OnebigyellowLabknew，ofcourse，buthewasn’ttalking.“Oh，Reilly，whathaveyoudone？”mydaughtersaid.Tothisday，notasingleneighborhasreportedsuchatheft.语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者女儿Erin的爱犬Reilly非常喜欢吃东西，一次Reilly独自出门，回来时嘴里叼着一块热乎的牛肉，主人至今不知道这块牛肉是怎么来的。1.WhatisReillylike?A.Heisclumsy.B.Heisaggressive.C.Hehasahugeweight.D.Healwaysfollowsorders.√推理判断题。根据第一段中的第四句“Buthe’sbuiltlikeatankasafoodie.”可推知，它的身材像一辆坦克，所以肯定很重。故选C。2.HowdoesReillymanagetogetfoodfromthekitchen?A.Bymakingloudnoisewithitsjar.B.Byjumpingontothefoodquickly.C.Bydroppinghimselfontothefloor.D.Bybarkingatthepersonwhoiscooking.√细节理解题。根据第二段第三、四、五句可知，Reilly通过把自己的罐子扔在地上发出声响，来告诉做饭的人它饿了，做饭的人总会给它食物。故选A。3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“lightheaded”inparagraph3mean?A.Relieved. B.Confused.C.Recharged. D.Clearheaded.√词义猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Inhishugemouthwasadeliciousroastbeef，stillwarm.”和下文“Whosedinnerwasthis？Wheredidhegetit？Whatwouldpeople...emptyandtheirroastgone？”可知，当Erin看到Reilly嘴里叼着一块热乎的牛肉回来，心里想到很多问题，说明她感到“困惑”。confused意为“困惑的”。故选B。4.Whatcanbeknownaboutthebeef?A.ItwasatreatfromErin.B.Reillystoleitfromathief.C.Itssourceremainsamystery.D.Reillyrefusedtotellitstruth.√推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，似乎没有人知道这件事，时至今日，没有一位邻居提过失窃。由此可推知，这块牛肉来自哪里仍然是个谜。故选C。B(2022·广东惠州一模)Cimabue，thegreatestpainteroftheMiddleAgesinItaly，wassurprisedonedayafterhislunchbreaktodiscoverthataflyhadseateditselfunderthenoseofacharacterthathehadbeenworkingon.Heswatted(重拍)atthefly，butitdidnotmove.Hereachedouttotouchtheinsect，onlytofinditwasonlywetpaint.Turningaround，hesawthathisapprentice(学徒)，Giotto，waslaughing.GiottohadpaintedtheflywhenCimabuewasaway，anditlookedsorealthatCimabuehadbeencompletelyfooled.GiottodiBondonewasbornintoapoorfamilyinavillage.Legendhasitthatoneday，whenCimabuewaswanderingaroundthecountryside，hespottedayoungshepherdboydrawingpicturesofhissheep，whichweresovividthatCimabueimmediatelyaskedhimtocometoFlorenceandlearnhowtopaint.ThatwashowGiotto’sstorybeganinFlorence，wheretheyoungstudentflourishedunderCimabue’sinstructionandsoonsurpassedhismasterinskill.Atthattime，peopleinpaintingsdidn’tlookreal，andthesymbolismofartwasdifficultforviewerstoconnectwithit.Innovation(创新)wasnotstressed，soarthadremainedthesameforhundredsofyears.However，Giottothoughtartshouldbesomethingmoreconnectedwithpeopleinamorerealisticway.Hismasterpiecesincludedthefortymajorfrescoes(壁画)fortheArenaChapel.Adoptingmanytechniquesthatwereuncommonthen，hepaintedpeoplethewayhesawthem，insteadoftheoverlytallandboxypeoplethatotherartistspainted.Hecreatedthree-dimensionalspacebyusingperspective，somethingthathadnotbeendonesinceRomantimes.Inadditiontopainting，Giottowrotepoetryanddrewarchitecturalplans.WhenGiottowasinhissixties，hepaintedtheOgnissanti

Madonna，anotherfamousworkofart.Hecontinuedworkinguntiltheageofseventy.TheideasGiottobroughttopaintingthroughouthisliferevolutionizedtheartworldandmadehimoneofthegreatestpaintersever.语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了意大利伟大的画家乔托·迪·邦多纳，他给绘画注入的思想彻底改变了艺术界，还使他成为有史以来最伟大的画家之一。5.Whatdo