高中英语翻译常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)含解析

高中英语翻译常见题型及答题技巧及练习题(含答案)含解析一、高中英语翻译1．高中英语翻译题：Translation:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.1．究竟是什么激发小王学习电子工程的积极性？(motivate)2．网上支付方便了客户，但是牺牲了他们的隐私。(atthecostof)3．让我的父母非常满意的是，从这个公寓的餐厅可以俯视街对面的世纪公园，从起居室也可以。(so)4．博物馆疏于管理，展品积灰，门厅冷落，急需改善。(whose)【答案】1．WhatonearthhasmotivatedXiaoWang’senthusiasm/initiativetomajorinelectronicengineering?2．Onlinepaymentbringsconveniencetoconsumersatthecostoftheirprivacy.3．Tomyparents’satisfaction,thediningroomofthisapartmentoverlookstheCenturyParkoppositethestreetandsoitiswiththesittingroom.或者WhatmakesmyparentsreallysatisfyisthattheycanseetheCenturyParkfromthediningroomofthisapartment,socantheyfromthelivingroom.4．Thismuseumisnotwellmanaged,whoseexhibitsarecoveredwithdust,andtherearefewvisitors,soeverythingisbadlyinneedofimprovement.或Themuseumwhosemanagementisreckless,whoseexhibitsarepiledwithdustandwhoselobbyisdeserted,requiresimmediateimprovement.【解析】1．motivatesbtodosth激发某人做某事，onearth究竟，majorin以…为专业，enthusiasm/initiative热情/积极性，故翻译为WhatonearthhasmotivatedXiaoWang’senthusiasm/initiativetomajorinelectronicengineering?2．onlinepayment网上支付，bringsconvenienceto给…带来方便，atthecostof以…为代价，privacy隐私，故翻译为Onlinepaymentbringsconveniencetoconsumersatthecostoftheirprivacy.3．Tomyparents’satisfaction令我父母满意的是，后者也那样soitiswith。也可以用主语从句Whatmakesmyparentsreallysatisfy表语从句thattheycanseetheCenturyParkfromthediningroomofthisapartment。overlooks俯视，oppositethestreet街对面，livingroom起居室。故翻译为Tomyparents’satisfaction,thediningroomofthisapartmentoverlookstheCenturyParkoppositethestreetandsoitiswiththesittingroom.或者WhatmakesmyparentsreallysatisfyisthattheycanseetheCenturyParkfromthediningroomofthisapartment,socantheyfromthelivingroom.4．notwellmanaged/managementisreckless疏于管理，becoveredwithdust/bepiledwithdust被灰尘覆盖，fewvisitors游客稀少，bebadlyinneedofimprovement/requiresimmediateimprovement亟需改善。故翻译为hismuseumisnotwellmanaged,whoseexhibitsarecoveredwithdust,andtherearefewvisitors,soeverythingisbadlyinneedofimprovement.或Themuseumwhosemanagementisreckless,whoseexhibitsarepiledwithdustandwhoselobbyisdeserted,requiresimmediateimprovement.2．高中英语翻译题：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.1．美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。（visit）2．街头艺术家运用创意将鲜艳明亮的色彩带进了老社区。（bring）3．在你生命中，如果有一个人你需要对他说对不起，那么就去向他道歉吧。（apology）4．这个游戏的独特之处在于它让孩子学会如何应对现实生活中的问题。（what）5．申请材料需要精心准备，这样你心仪的学校才会对你的能力有全面、准确地了解。（inorderthat）【答案】1．DeliciousfoodisoneofthepleasureswhenpeoplevisitShanghai.2．Streetartistsbringbrightandvividcolorsintoolderneighborhoodswithoriginality3．Ifthereissomeonetowhomyouneedsaysorryinyourlife,makeanapologytohim.4．Whatmakesthisgamepeculiarliesinthatitteacheskidshowtohandletheproblemsinreallife.5．Theapplicationsshouldbecarefullypreparedinorderthattheschoolyoulikecanhaveanoverallandaccurateknowledgeofyourabilities.【解析】【分析】1．本句重点考察两个知识点。一个是乐趣之一，说明此处的乐趣应该用复数，必须是可数名词，因此选择pleasure。另一个是题目中给出的visit，需要谨慎处理，是用做动词还是名词。此处我们给出一个时间状语从句whenpeoplevisitShanghai，同时还可使用其他从句进行处理。所以答案是DeliciousfoodisoneofthepleasureswhenpeoplevisitShanghai.2．本题难度不大，重点是明亮的色彩的表达，可以使用brightcolors,也可以使用brightandvividcolors.所以答案是Streetartistsbringbrightandvividcolorsintoolderneighborhoodswithoriginality3．本题考查therebe+定语从句从而构成条件状语从句。另外考察“道歉”用“makeapologytosb.”。所以答案是Ifthereissomeonetowhomyouneedsaysorryinyourlife,makeanapologytohim.4．本题考察what引导的主语从句，以及“bepeculiarto”的用法。所以答案是Whatmakesthisgamepeculiarliesinthatitteacheskidshowtohandletheproblemsinreallife.5．本题主要考固定词组的掌握，为了使用inorderthat引导出的目的状语从句。另外也考查preferredschool，have…knowledge/understandingof…，overall，accurate等。所以答案是Theapplicationsshouldbecarefullypreparedinorderthattheschoolyoulikecanhaveanoverallandaccurateknowledgeofyourabilities.【考点定位】翻译句子3．高中英语翻译题：TranslatetbefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.1．我们打篮球的时间到了。(time)2．他设法把游客及时送到了机场。(manage)3．你今晚能来参加我的生日聚会?(possible)4．应该鼓励年轻人按照自己的特长选择职业。(encourage)5．我对学生所谈的电子产品一无所知，我发现自己落伍了。(ignorant)6．尽管遭受如重的自然灾害，但只要不灰心，我们终会克服暂时的困难。(Although...)【答案】1．It’stimeforustoplaybasketball.2．Hemanagedtosendthetouriststotheairportintime.3．Isitpossibleforyoutoattendmybirthdaypartythisevening?4．Youngpeopleshouldbeencouragedtochoosetheircareersaccordingtotheirownstrongpoints.5．Beingignorantoftheelectronicproductsthestudentsaretalkingabout,Ifindmyselfleftbehind.6．Althoughwearesufferingsuchaseverenaturaldisaster,wewilleventuallyovercomethetemporarydifficultaslongaswedon’tloseheart.【解析】1．考查time的用法。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，itistimeforsbtodosth“该到某人做某事了”。为固定句型。再根据其它提示。故翻译为：It’stimeforustoplaybasketball。2．考查manage的用法和一般过去时。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，managetodosth“设法做某事”为固定短语。intime“及时”为介词短语，在句中作状语。再根据其它提示。故翻译为：Hemanagedtosendthetouriststotheairportintime。3．考查possible的用法和一般现在时。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，itispossibleforsbtodosth“某人做某事是可能的”，it作为形式主语完成整个句子，不定式作为真正主语。再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：Isitpossibleforyoutoattendmybirthdaypartythisevening?4．考查encourage的用法。encouragesb.todosth.的被动语态形式就是sb.beencouragedtodosth.另外，此题还考查短语accordingto（按照）和strongpoints(长处，特长)。再根据其它提示。故翻译为：Youngpeopleshouldbeencouragedtochoosetheircareersaccordingtotheirownstrongpoints。5．考查形容词短语作状语、定语从句以及find的用法。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，主语为I，谓语为find，findoneselfdone表示“发现自己被…”,leftbehind是“被落在后面了”作宾语补足语。Beingignorantoftheelectronicproductsthestudentsaretalkingabout为形容词短语作原因状语从句。products为先行词，在后面的定语从句中，作talkabout的宾语。再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：Beingignorantoftheelectronicproductsthestudentsaretalkingabout,Ifindmyselfleftbehind。6．考查although引导的让步状语从句和时态。分析句子可知，本句为although引导的让步状语从句，从句为现在进行时，主句为为aslongas引导的条件状语从句。loseheart“灰心丧气”，overcome“克服”。再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：Althoughwearesufferingsuchaseverenaturaldisaster,wewilleventuallyovercomethetemporarydifficultaslongaswedon’tloseheart。4．高中英语翻译题：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.1．这个专家所推荐的方法被证明是十分有效的。（prove)2．对国家来说，保护生态环境和保持经济增长同样重要。（as...as)3．如果有朝一日，学生能亲自参与到课程开发中，那该有多棒啊！（involve)4．这本新发行的杂志不仅会影响青少年对时尚的看法，还会开启健康饮食的新潮流。(Notonly)【答案】1．Themethodrecommendedbytheexpertproved(tobe)veryeffective.2．For/Toacountry,protectingtheenvironmentisasimportantasmaintainingeconomicgrowth.3．Howgreatitisifonedaystudentscanbeinvolvedinthedevelopmentofcoursesontheirown.4．Notonlywillthenewly-releasedmagazineinfluenceteenager'sopinionsonfashion,butalsoitwillstartanewtrendtowardsahealthydiet.【解析】【分析】本题考查翻译句子，注意按括号内的要求翻译。1．考查非谓语动词和prove的用法。Themethod与recommend之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作后置定语，prove用作连系动词，prove(tobe)+adj表示“（被）证明是……的”，语境表明事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，故翻译为：Themethodrecommendedbytheexpertproved(tobe)veryeffective2．考查非谓语动词和as...as的用法。根据句意可知本句用动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数，as+adj+表示“同……一样……”，陈述的是客观事实，应该用一般现在时，故翻译为：For/Toacountry,protectingtheenvironmentisasimportantasmaintainingeconomicgrowth.3．考查感叹句和条件状语从句。根据句意可知本句用how+adj+itis形式的感叹句，同时用if引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，beinvolvedin表示“参与”，故翻译为：Howgreatitisifonedaystudentscanbeinvolvedinthedevelopmentofcoursesontheirown.4．考查倒装。notonly…butalso表示“不但……而且”，注意notonly和butalso后面都有主谓结构时，如果notonly位于第一分句主语之前，则该分句要部分倒装；后一个分句，即butalso后面不用倒装，故翻译为：Notonlywillthenewly-releasedmagazineinfluenceteenager'sopinionsonfashion,butalsoitwillstartanewtrendtowardsahealthydiet.5．高中英语翻译题：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.1．交友时不要以貌取人。(base)________________2．经历了一场大病后,他明白了生命无价。(suffer)________________3．2018上海进口博览会展示了创新理念,促进了自由贸易。(meanwhile)________________4．不管到哪里旅游,都应该尊重当地的风俗习惯。这样才能成为一名文明的游客。(nomatter)________________【答案】1．Don’tjudgeapersonbasedonhisappearancewhenmakingfriends.2．Afterhesufferedaseriousillness,herealizedthatlifeispriceless.3．The2018ShanghaiInternationalImportExposhowsinnovativeideas,meanwhileitpromotesfreetrade.4．Nomatterwhereyoutravel,youshouldrespectthelocalcustomsandhabits,whichwillhelpyoubecomeacivilizedtraveller.【解析】【分析】考查重点单词句型翻译。1．短语bebasedon“以……为基础”，本句为否定祈使句，用when引导时间状语从句，译为Don’tjudgeapersonbasedonhisappearancewhenmakingfriends.。2．Suffer“遭受；忍受；经历”，本句为after引导的状语从句，译为Afterhesufferedaseriousillness,herealizedthatlifeispriceless.。3．“上海进口博览会”为“ShanghaiInternationalImportExpo”；“创新理念”为“innovativeideas”，故译为The2018ShanghaiInternationalImportExposhowsinnovativeideas,meanwhileitpromotesfreetrade.。4．本句为nomatter+where引导的状语从句，且主句后用非限定性定语从句修饰，故译为Nomatterwhereyoutravel,youshouldrespectthelocalcustomsandhabits,whichwillhelpyoubecomeacivilizedtraveller.。6．高中英语翻译题：Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.1．任何人都不可能轻而易举获得成功。(ease)________________________2．遇到紧急情况一定要冷静，否则可能会造成严重后果。(or)________________________3．我们只有学会尊重人际间的差异，才能避免误会，与他人建立和谐的关系。(Only)________________________4．令教练欣慰的是，整个辩论队齐心协力，克服了遇到的各种困难，最终所有的努力都得到了回报。(rewardv.)________________________【答案】1．Itisimpossibleforanyonetoachievesuccesswithease./Nobodycanachievesuccesswithease.2．Keepcalm/Calmdowninemergency,oritcanbringabout/causeseriousconsequences.3．Onlybylearningtorespectinterpersonaldifferences/differencesbetween(among)peoplecanweavoidmisunderstandingandbuildharmoniousrelationshipswithothers.4．Tothecoach’srelief,allthedebate/debatingteammembershaveworkedtogether/cooperatedtoovercomevariousdifficultiestheymetwith/encountered/cameacross,andalltheireffortshavefinallybeenrewarded.【解析】1．本句关键词（组）：achievesuccess“取得成功”，withease“熟练地；不费力地”。根据句意可知，此处描述的客观事实，应使用一般现在时。故译为Itisimpossibleforanyonetoachievesuccesswithease./Nobodycanachievesuccesswithease.2．本句关键词（组）：keepcalm/calmdown“保持冷静”，emergency“紧急情况”，bringabout/causeseriousconsequences“造成严重后果”。根据句意及提示可知，此处应使用句型：“祈使句，or+将来时的句子”。故译为Keepcalm/Calmdowninemergency,oritcanbringabout/causeseriousconsequences.3．本句关键词（组）：interpersonaldifferences/differencesbetween(among)people“人际间的差异”，avoidmisunderstanding“避免误会”，buildharmoniousrelationshipswithothers“与他人建立和谐的关系”。only位于句首时，主句使用部分倒装结构。故译为Onlybylearningtorespectinterpersonaldifferences/differencesbetween(among)peoplecanweavoidmisunderstandingandbuildharmoniousrelationshipswithothers.4．本句关键词（组）：tothecoach’srelief“令教练欣慰的是”，workedtogether/cooperated“齐心协力”，overcomevariousdifficulties“克服各种困难”，meetwith/encounter/comeacross“遇到”。根据句意及提示可知，此处主句应使用现在完成时。故译为Tothecoach’srelief,allthedebate/debatingteammembershaveworkedtogether/cooperatedtoovercomevariousdifficultiestheymetwith/encountered/cameacross,andalltheireffortshavefinallybeenrewarded.7．高中英语翻译题：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.1．新来的员工经验不足，在解决顾客投诉时遇到了麻烦。(havetrouble)________________________2．医生向病人保证，只要他按时服药就没有大碍。(assure)________________________3．尽管日程安排很紧，他还是报名参加了他同事推荐的那个课程。(despite)________________________4．直到妻子与他离了婚，他才意识到他应该多抽一些时间陪伴家人，而不是一心只有工作。(until)________________________【答案】1．Thenewemployeewasinexperienced,so(that)hehadtrouble(in)dealingwiththecustomer’scomplaint(s).Thenewemployeelackedexperience,andhehadtrouble(in)dealingwiththecustomers’complaint(s).Becauseoflackofexperience,thenewemployeehadtrouble(in)dealingwiththecustomers’complaint(s).2．Thedoctorassuredthepatientthathewouldbefineaslongashetookmedicineontime.3．Despitehisbusy/full/tightschedule,hesignedupforthecourserecommendedbyhiscolleague.4．Notuntilhiswifedivorcedhimdidherealizethatheshouldhavesparedmoretimetokeepthefamilycompany/staywiththefamilyinsteadofbeingobsessedwith/absorbedinhiswork.Hedidn’trealizethatheshouldhavesetasidemoretimetoaccompanythefamilyinsteadofbeingbusywithhisworkuntilhewasdivorcedfrom/withhiswife.【解析】1．考查havetrouble的相关用法。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，所以用hadtrouble(in)doingsth,句子可以翻译成so/and连接的并列句或者sothat连接的结果状语从句。也可翻译为一个简单句。“缺少经验”可以翻译为：wasinexperienced，lackedexperience，lackofexperience。再根据其他汉语提示，故翻译为：1.Thenewemployeewasinexperienced,so(that)hehadtrouble(in)dealingwiththecustomer’scomplaint(s).Thenewemployeelackedexperience,andhehadtrouble(in)dealingwiththecustomers’complaint(s).Becauseoflackofexperience,thenewemployeehadtrouble(in)dealingwiththecustomers’complaint(s).2．考查assure的相关用法。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，谓语为assure后接sb+that宾语从句。再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：Thedoctorassuredthepatientthathewouldbefineaslongashetookmedicineontime.3．考查despite的相关用法。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，谓语动词为signedupfor,过去分词短语recommendedbyhiscolleague作course的后置定语，despite为介词后接名词hisbusy/full/tightschedule作宾语。故翻译为：Despitehisbusy/full/tightschedule,hesignedupforthecourserecommendedbyhiscolleague.4．考查until相关的用法。分析句子可知，本句为一般过去时，主句为not…until的用法，realize后接that引导的宾语从句，从句的谓语为shouldhavedone“本应该做某事，而实际上没有做”。until从句的谓语为bedivorcedfrom/withsb“与某人离婚”。忙于做某事beobsessedwith/absorbedinhiswork/bebusywithhiswork置于insteadof之后，所以形式为beingobsessedwith/absorbedinhiswork/beingbusywithhiswork。再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：Hedidn’trealizethatheshouldhavesetasidemoretimetoaccompanythefamilyinsteadofbeingbusywithhisworkuntilhewasdivorcedfrom/withhiswife也可将Not…until放在句首，引导部分倒装句，故翻译为：Notuntilhiswifedivorcedhimdidherealizethatheshouldhavesparedmoretimetokeepthefamilycompany/staywiththefamilyinsteadofbeingobsessedwith/absorbedinhiswork.【点睛】notuntil的倒装句归纳总结1.当Notuntil位于句首时,句子要倒装.其结构为:Notuntil+从句/表时间的词+助动词+(主句)主语+谓语+.如:Notuntiltheteachercameindidthestudentsstoptalking.直到老师进来学生们才2.notuntil的强调结构为:Itis/wasnotuntil+从句/表时间的词+that+其它成分根据notuntil倒装句的用法，小题4还可翻译为：Notuntilhiswifedivorcedhimdidherealizethatheshouldhavesparedmoretimetokeepthefamilycompany/staywiththefamilyinsteadofbeingobsessedwith/absorbedinhiswork.符合第一点用法。8．高中英语翻译题：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.1．他曾在当地一所学校工作。（usedto）2．一位旧时同窗写信告诉我他重返祖国的想法。（thought）3．当被问及为何投入这个研究时，他保持沉默。（involve）4．他若是想在下一届奥运会夺金的话，就要提高他的技术水平。（betodo）5．她注视着市长消失的那个出口，然后环顾四周看看其他人对市长的缺席有何反应。（through）【答案】1．Heusedtoworkatalocalschool.2．Aformerclassmateofminewrotemealetter,tellingmehisthoughtofreturningtothenativeland/motherland.3．When(hewas)askedwhyhewasinvolvedinthestudy,hekeptsilence(silent).4．IfheistowinthegoldmedalatthenextOlympics,heneedstoimprovehistechnique.5．ShestaredattheexitthroughwhichMayorhaddisappearedandthenlookedaroundtoseehowothersreactedtohisabsence.【解析】试题分析：1．Heusedtoworkatalocalschool.本句重点在于usedtodosth过去常常做某事；2．Aformerclassmateofminewrotemealetter,tellingmehisthoughtofreturningtothenativeland/motherland.名词thought表示想法，后面的不定式短语of…是对thought进行的解释说明。3．When(hewas)askedwhyhewasinvolvedinthestudy,hekeptsilence(silent).本句考查的是状语从句的省略的话题，当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致的时候，可以把状语从句的主语和be一起省略。4．IfheistowinthegoldmedalatthenextOlympics,heneedstoimprovehistechnique.本题考查的betodosth表示将来时的用法。相当于should,must。5．ShestaredattheexitthroughwhichMayorhaddisappearedandthenlookedaroundtoseehowothersreactedtohisabsence.本句考查了动词短语stareat…盯着…看的用法。考点：考查了考生对词汇，语法和具体句式的掌握情况考点：本题重在考查基础知识、基本词汇量的积累，对于这类题只有平时勤积累、多进行记忆背诵。9．高中英语翻译题：Translation1．不掌握大量词汇是无法学好一门外语的。（without）2．对于怎么解决我的问题，我的同事提出来很多建设性建议。(asto)3．她的演讲非常有趣，观众忍不住时不时发出笑声。（cannothelp）4．生态保护对人类的福祈和未来至关重要，也孕育着世界发展的历史性机遇。(bringabout)【答案】1．Thereisnowaytoleanaforeignlanguagewellwithoutmasteringgreatamountsofvocabulary.2．Astohowtosettlemyproblemsmyworkmatessupportedmanyconstructiveadvice.3．Herspeechwassoamusingthattheaudiencecouldn’thelpburstingintolaughternowandthen.4．Ecologicalprotectionisessentialtohumanbeingswell-beingandfuture,whichalsobringsaboutthehistoricalopportunityoftheworld’sdevelopment.【解析】【分析】本题考查学生对于词汇的应用能力和语句构造能力。1．考查固定句式和介词短语作原因状语。分析句子可知，可以使用固定句式：thereisnowaytodo,意为“无法做某事”；提供介词without可以构成without+V-ing宾语结构作原因状语，意为“在没有…的情况下”，再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：Thereisnowaytoleanaforeignlanguagewellwithoutmasteringgreatamountsofvocabulary.。2．考查固定结构和时态。分析句子可知，asto意为“对于…”，之后接名词性短语。因此汉语“怎么解决我的问题”，可以译为“howtosettlemyproblems”,分析可得时态为过去发生的时间，用一般过去时。再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：Astohowtosettlemyproblemsmyworkmatessupportedmanyconstructiveadvice。3．考查固定结构和结果状语从句。分析句子可知，前后句为因果关系，可用“so…that”句式，译为“如此,,,以致于…”,所给动词词组cannothelp为固定结构，之后接+V-ing,译为“禁不住做某事”。结合语境表达，应为一般过去时态，再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：Herspeechwassoamusingthattheaudiencecouldn’thelpburstingintolaughternowandthen.4．考查固定结构和非限制性定语从句。分析句子可知，“对..至关重要”可用词组isessentialto,主语为Ecologicalprotection，宾语为humanbeingswell-beingandfuture，所提供固定结构bringabout可意为“孕育”，且后半句可以用非限制性定语从句翻译，先行词由Ecologicalprotection充当。再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：Ecologicalprotectionisessentialtohumanbeingswell-beingandfuture,whichalsobringsaboutthehistoricalopportunityoftheworld’sdevelopment.【点睛】第4小题属于难度较大题目，在词汇，句式，语法方面要求较高。词汇方面：beessentialto对..很重要，bringabout引起，在做此题时，可以将题目一分为二：即：1）生态保护对人类的福祈和未来至关重要。2）生态保护也孕育着世界发展的历史性机遇。分别翻译可得：Ecologicalprotectionisessent