大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷14（共220题）

大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试

卷14（共9套）

（共220题）

大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试

卷第1套

一、仔细阅读（本题共20题，每题1.0分，共20分。）

Thecommoncoldisrheworld'smostwidespreadillness,whichisplagues（疫病）［ha〔

fleshreceives.Themostwidespreadfallacyofallisthatcoldscausedbycold.Theyare

not.Theyarecausedbyvirusespassingonfrompersontoperson.Youcatchacoldby

comingintocontact,directlyorindirectly,withsomeonewhoalreadyhasone.Ifcold

causescolds,itwouldbereasonabletoexpecttheEskimostosufferfromthemforever.

Buttheydonot.Andinisolatedarcticregionsexplorershavereportedbeingfreefrom

coldsuntilcomingintocontactagainwithinfectedpeoplefromtheoutsideworldbyway

ofpackagesandmaildroppedfromairplanes.DuringtheFirstWorldWarsoldierswho

spentlongperiodsinthetrenches,coldandwet,showednoincreasedtendencytocatch

colds.IntheSecondWorldWarprisonersatthenotoriousAuschwitzconcentration

camp,nakedandstarving,wereastonishedtofindthattheyseldomhadcolds.Atthe

CommonColdResearchUnitinEngland,volunteerstookpartinExperimentsinwhich

theygavethemselvestothediscomfortsofbeingcoldandwetfbrlongstretchesoftime.

Aftertakinghotbaths,theyputonbathingsuits,allowedthemselvestobewithcold

water,andthenstoodaboutdrippingwetindraftyroom.Someworewetsocksallday

whileothersexercisedintherainuntilclosetoexhaustion.Notoneofthevolunteers

camedownwithacoldunlessacoldviruswasactuallydroppedinhisnose.If,then,cold

andwethavenothingtodowithcatchingcolds,whyaretheymorefrequentinthe

winter?Despitethemostpains-takingresearch,noonehasyetfoundtheanswer.One

explanationofferedbyscientistsisthatpeopletendtostaytogetherindoorsmoreincold

weatherthanatothertimes,andthismakesiteasierforcoldvirusestobepassedon.No

onehasyetfoundacureforthecold.Therearedrugsandpainsuppressors（止痛片）such

asaspirin,butalltheydoisrelievethesymptoms.

1、TheauthorcitestheEskimosnotsufferingfromcommoncoldsforeverto

indicate.

A^commoncoldsaremoreseverethanotherplagues

B>virusespassingfrompersontopersonarethefactorscausingcommoncolds

C^commoncoldsarefullofmyth

D^theideathatcoldleadstocolds

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。题目考查的是对细节的推断。文章第二段说到，对于感冒，

最普遍的谬论是感冒是由寒冷引起的，后面说感冒是由人与人之间传播的病毒导致

的，<4Ifcoldcausescolds.itwouldbereasonabletoexpecttheEskimostosufferfrom

ihemforever.”可推断，作者的意思是，如果寒冷瓦以造成感冒，那一直忍受寒冷

的爱斯基摩人一定会一直都在感冒。即用这个例子验证寒冷不会引起感冒.感冒是

由病毒的传播所导致。故选B。

2、Whichofthefollowingdoesnotagreewiththepassage?

A、TheEskimosdonotsufferfromcoldsallthetime.

B、Coldsarenotcausedbycold.

C^Peoplesufferfromcoldsjustbecausetheyliketostayindoors.

D^Apersonmaycatchacoldbytouchingsomeonewhoalreadyhasone.

标准答案：c

知识点.析：细节题。爱斯基摩人不会一直感冒，且感冒不是由寒冷引起的，故

A、B与文章相符。文章笫二段提到生活在北极圈与世隔绝的人们一直都不会得感

冒.直到他们与感染了感冒病毒的人接触。故可知D与文章相符。对于C,作者

在倒数第二段中说冬天感冒人多的原因是冬天人们更愿意一起待在屋里，这样感冒

病毒很容易在人与人之间传播，而单纯地待在屋里不会得感冒，故C错误。

3、Arcticexplorersmaycatchcoldswhen.

A、theyareworkingintheisolatedarcticregions

theyarewritingreportsinterriblycoldweather

C、theyarefreefromworkintheisolatedarcticregions

D、theyarecomingintotouchagainwiththeoutsideworld

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。艰据第：段结尾。“Andinisolatedarcticregionsexplorers

havereportedbeingfreefromcoldsuntilcomingintocontactagainwithinfectedpeople

fromthcoutsideworldbywayofpackagesandmaildroppedfromairplanes.“可知他们

只会在与外界感染感冒的人相接触才会被感染。故选D。

4、VolunteerstakingpartintheexperimentsintheCommonColdResearchUnit.

A、allsufferedfromcoldandwet

B、nevercaughtcolds

C^caughtcoldseasily

D、allcaughtcoldsbecauseoftheharshenvironment

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。本题的考点在第四段，根据描述，这些志愿者在洗完热水澡

后，穿上泳衣，在自己身上浇凉水，然后站在通风的房间里，还有些人穿着湿袜

子，站在雨中，以检测他们会不会得感冒。结果证明所有人都没有得感冒，直到他

们接触了病毒。故B、C、D错误，只有A正确。

5、Thepassagemainlydiscusses.

A、theexperimentsonthecommoncold

B、thecuresaboutthecommoncold

C、whyandhowpeoplecatchcolds

D、thecontinuedspreadofcommoncolds

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题考查对文章主旨大意的掌握。通读文章。作者一直在谈人们为什

么会得感冒和得感冒的途径，故C正确。A只说到了实验，不全面。B和D文章

没有提及。

Newresearchhasfoundthatthosewhowork11-hourdaysormoreincreasetheirchance

ofaheartattackbytwothirds.Ifyou'reabouttoembarkonyourusual12-hourdayatthe

office,youmightwanttopauseawhile—afewhours,actually.Astudyhasfoundthat

thosewhospendmorethan11hoursatworkincreasetheirchanceofhavingaheart

attackbytwothirds.TheteamfromUniversityCollegeLondonlookedatmorethan

7,000civilservantsworkinginWhitehalloveraperiodof11yearsandestablishedhow

manyhourstheyworkedonaverageaday.Theyalsocollectedinformalionincludingthe

conditionoftheirheartfrommedicalrecordsandhealthchecks.Overtheperiod,atotal

of192hadsufferedaheartattack.ThenthestudywaspublishedinthejournalAnnalsof

InternalMedicine,reportingthatthosewhoworkedmerethan11hoursadaywere67

percentmorelikelytohaveonethanthosewhohada"ninetofive"job.ProfessorMika

Kivimki,wholedthestudy,said:"Wehaveshownthatworkinglongdaysisassociated

witharemarkableincreaseinriskofheartdisease.Consideringthatincludinga

measurementofworkinghoursinaGPinterviewissosimpleanduseful,ourresearch

presentsastrongcasethatitshouldbecomestandardpractice.Thisnewinformation

shouldhelpimprovedecisionsregardingmedicationforheartdisease.""Itcouldalsobea

wake-upcallforpeoplewhoover-workthemselves,especiallyiftheyalreadyhaveother

riskfactors,"ProfessorKivimkiadded.Around2.6millionBritonshaveheartdisease,

wheretheorgan'sbloodsupplyisblockedbythebuild-upoffattydepositsinthe

coronaryarteries（冠状动脉）.Itisthenation'sbiggestkiller,claiming101,000livesin

thiscountryeveryyear.Heartattacksoccurwhenacoronaryarterybecomescompletely

blocked;ifthebloodsupplyisnotrestored,thesectionoftheheartbeingsuppliedbythe

arterywilldie.

6、Scientistswhotakepartintheexperimentusesomemethodstogetresults

EXCEPT.

A、datacollection

B、medicalcheck

C、sampleobservation

D、questionnaire

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。在第二段中，作者先后提到了观察、数据采集、医学检查

等，而questionnaire不包括在研究范围中，故选D。

7、Whatistrueaboutthestudy?

A、Thefindingsofthestudyhavenotbeenpublished.

B、TheexperimentwasconductedinUniversityCollegeLondon.

C、Peoplewhoworklongerhourshaveahigherriskofheartdisease.

D、Thecivilservantshaveworkedforover11years.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。在第二段中，作者说到，''thestudywaspublishedinthe

journalAnnalsofInternalMedicine”,与A相反。“theteamfromUniversityCollege

Londonlookedatmorethan7,000civilservantsworkinginWhitehall”，B中，实验不

是在这里做的，而是来自这里的研究员做的。由“lookedatmorethan7,000civil

servantsworkinginWhitehalloveraperiodof11years”。可知是研究员观察这些公务

员11年，而不是公务员在白宫工作了11年，D错误。故选C。

8、Accordingtothepassage,whatisProfessorKivimki'sviewonhisstudy?

A、Heremainsmodestabouttheresultofhisstudy.

B、Thestudywillprovidesomeusefulinformationforthemedicalfield.

C、Thestudyisperfectthatnofurtherresearchisneeded.

D、Longerworkinghoursisaheartattackcausingfactorthatnoonenoticedbefore.

标准答案：B

知识点解析:细节题。由第三段，在“Consideringthatincludingameasurementof

workinghoursinaGPinterviewissosimpleanduseful,ourresearchpresentsastrong

casethatitshouldbecomestandardpractice.”可知教授对于这个研究非常自信。故A

错误。C、D在文中没有提及。由“Thisnewinfbrmationshouldhelpimprove

decisionsregardingmedicationforheartdisease,”可知这项研究可为今后心脏病的治

疗提供依据,故5正确C

9、WhatisNOTtrueabouttheheartattack?

A、Thefattydepositswhichblockedcausetheheartattack.

B、Thecoronaryarteriesareblocked.

C、Oncethebloodsupplyrestored,thesectionoftheheartbeingsuppliedwillwork

again

D、Whenheartattackoccurs,thebloodcannotgothroughthevessel.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。由“theorgan'sbloodsupplyisblockedbythebuild-upof

fattydepositsinthecoronaryarteries"."Heartattacksoccurwhenacoronaryartery

bccomescomplctclyblocked；ifthebloodsupplyisnotrestored,thesectionoftheheart

beingsuppliedbythearterywilldie.”可知脂肪沉积物会堵塞血管，而心脏病发作

时，冠状血管被完全堵住，如果血液供给不能恢复，这段血管所供给的心脏就会死

去。故A、B、D正确。而C中的逻辑和文中不同，其所说的“一旦恢复供血，这

段心脏会继续工作”的说法文中没有提及。

10>Thepassagemainlydiscusses.

A、howdoestheheartattacksoccur

B、theexperimentonheartdisease

C、moreandmorepeoplearesufferingfromheartattack

D、longtimeworkingincreasestheriskofheartdisease

标准答案：D

知识点解析：主旨题。文中，作者首先介绍了一个关于工作与心脏病的研究，包括

研究的背景、方法、过程和结果。而后在文章最后一段，作者介绍现在心脏病发病

的情况和心脏病发作的原理。这些研究都在证实一个事实，即：长时间的工作增加

患心脏病的风险。故A、B、C的描述都不全面。只有D,“长时间工作增加心脏病

发病率，，最全面，是文章主要讨论的内容，故为本题答案。

With10,600bicyclesincirculation,Pariscityofficialsarehopingtheprogramwill

providepeoplewithmoreenvironmentallyfriendlytransportation.Itseemsboth

Parisiansandtouristsaretakingadvantageoftheprogram.Sinceitslaunchalittleover

twoweeksago,Velibhasalreadyseenalmosthalfamillionrentals.And,withthe

additionof10,000morebikesand700morestationsinthenext12months,cityofficials

expectatleast200,000regularusersbyyearend.ParisianOlivierBiorethasalreadygone

foraspinononeofVelib'svehiclesandplanstomakeuseofthemmoreoften."It'sa

realpleasure-when,likeme,youdon'thavespaceenoughinyourflattohaveyourown

bike-tobeabletodiscover,tocrossParisandnothavetotakethesubway,"hesaid.As

asocialistandlongtimegreenactivist,MayorBertrandDelanoeregardsVelibasjusta

partofhisplantoreducecartrafficand,thus,lowerpollutionby2020.Apartfromits

environmentalbenefits,Velibisalsobeingpraisedasawayofcollectingmoneyforthe

city,forallthemoneyfromrentalsgoestothecitygovernment.Parisisnotaloneinits

attempttoprofitfromthepowerofthebicycles.Acrosstheglobe,citiessuchas

Barcelona,whichstatediisbike-shareprograminMarchwith1,500vehiclesand100

stations,andNewYork,whichlaunchedafive-daytrialprogramlastmonth,areusing

bicyclesasawaytocutbackonbothtrafficandpollution.However,itremainstobe

seenwhetherpeople'sacceptanceoftheseprogramsissimplyapassingfashionor

whetherthismovementhasthepowertotakerootandtransformthefaceofpublic

transportationaroundtheworld.

11、TherealpurposeofVelibis.

A^tohelppeoplesavemoneyandspace

B、tomakesomemoneyforthecitygovernment

C、toprovideconveniencetobothParisiansandtourists

D、toreducetrafficandpollutioninthecity

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。通过第一段，<4Pariscityofficialsarehopingtheprogramwill

providepeoplewithmoreenvironmentallyfriendlytransportation.”即巴黎市政府希望

这个项目可以为人们提供更环保的交通工具。由此可知，Velib的真正目的在于减

少城市交通量和污染，故选Do另外第四段“MayorBertrandDelanoeregardsVelib

asjustapartofhisplantocartrafficandthuslowerpollutionby2020”.市长Bertrand

Delanoe认为Velib是他缓解汽车交通计划的一部分，这样的话，到2020年可以降

低污染。

12、Accordingtothepassage,whatisTRUEabouttheprogram?

A、Inthisprogram,peoplerentbicycles.

B、Peoplewillabandonitafter12monthsnovelty.

C^Itmerelycontributestotheenvironment.

D、Itisexclusivetolocalresidents.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。由第二段“Velibhasalreadyseenalmosthalfamillion

rentals.And.withtheadditionof10,000morebikesand700morestationsinthe

next12months,cityofficialsexpectatleast200>000regularusersbyyearend.''即

Velib已经接收到了50万的租金，正在准备增加自行车和车站的数量，希望年底可

以有20万的固定用户，故A正确，B错误。由第四段"Velibisalsobeingpraisedas

awayofcollectingmoneyfbrthecity,forallthemoneyfromrentalsgoestothecity

govemment.”可知这个项目还对菽府财政收入也有帚助，故C错误。由第二段第

一句"ItseemsbothParisiansandtouristsarctakingadvantageof(heprogram.’'可知本

地人和游客都可以在项目中受益，故D错误。

13、WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A、Therewillbe700stationsinoneyear'stime.

B、Therewillbeover20,000bikesinuseinayear.

C>Inthefirsttwoweekstherewerenearlyamillionrentals.

D、Therewillbe200,00()regularrentalseachdaybyyearend.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题c第二段中说,这个项目在两周之前开始.Velib已经收到了

50万的租金。正在准备在未来12个月，新增10000辆自行车和700个车站，希望

年底可以有20万的固定用户。A中应该是新增700。B正确。C项数字错误。D项

是20万的固定用户，而不是租金。故选B。

14、Wecanknowfromthepassagethat.

A、Citiesinothercountriesalsohavesuchprograms

B、Parisianscanusethebicyclesfreeofcharge

C、Parissetsanexampletomanyothercities

D、Parisisthefirstcitytostartsuchaprogram

标准答案：A-

知识点解析：推断题。由倒数第二段的“Parisisnotaloneinitsattempttoprofitfrom

thepowerofthebicycles.可知除了巴黎，有很多国家的城市也开始从自行车上获

利，A正确，C、D错误。根据第二段中Velib收到的租金可以看出这项业务是要

收费的，故B错误。故选A。

15、Astothefutureoftheprogram,theauthoris.

A^critical

B、optimistic

C、uncertain

D、negative

标准答案：C

知识点解析：态度题。作者在文章的前半部分一直在介绍这个项目，但是在最后，

作者用However引起转折，提出了自己的看法，不知道这个项目今后是否会在城

市中站稳，改造公共交通。可见作者对这个项目不是很确定。故选C。

Tallmenarcmorelikelytohavechildrenthantheirverticallychallengedfriendsbecause

womenfindheightattractive,anewstudyshows.Thepreferencemaybeputting

evolutionarypressureonmen,eventoday.Inanearlierstudy,evolutionarypsychologist

RobinDunbaroftheUniversityofLiverpooldecidedtofindoutwhichattributesmen

andwomenlikeintheirpartners.Henoticedthatmenonlyputtheirheightintheiradsif

theyaretall."Menneversay'I'ma5-foot-2DannyDeVitolook-alike'/'saysDunbar.

"Youonlyadvertisethingsthatareadvantageous."Iftallmenaretrulymoreattractiveto

women,Dunbarreasoned,theymighthavemorechildrenthanshortmen.Totestthis,he

teamedupwithtwocolleaguesinthePolishcityofWroclaw.Togethertheyexamined

themedicalrecordsofmorethan4,400healthymenaged25to60whoweregiven

compulsorymedicalexaminationsinWroclawbetween1983and1989.Theteamnoted

themen'sheightsandwhethertheyhadchildren.Theythenadjustedthefiguresto

accountforfactorssuchasthetrendforpeopletobetallerthemorerecentlytheywere

born,duetoimprovingdietandhealthcare.Theresultsshowedchildlessmenwereon

averagesignificantlyshorterthanmenwithoneormorechildren.Thisconfirmsthat

womenprefertallermen,saysDunbar.Andthefindingwasbackedbyanotherfeatureof

theWroclawmen:bachelorswereshorterthantheirmarriedcounterparts.Theremaybe

severalreasonswhywomenprefertallmen.Societygenerallyassociatesloftymenwith

wealth,successandgoodhealth.Butthefactthattheeffectissoprominentsuggeststo

Dunharthatthepreferenceisindeedprogrammedinfowomen'*genes.Thismightdate

backtoatimewhentallmeninhuntingsocietieswerestrongerandgenetically,better

equippedforthestruggletosurvive.Dunbarhopeshisstudywillpersuadescientiststhat

sexualselectioninfluencesbehavior."Inthesocialsciences,peopleseemveryreluctant

tobelievethatevolutionaryprinciplesguidehumanbehavioratall.Itmusthelptoturn

thetide.""It'saninterestingstudythatsuggestsmanymorequestions,"saysRobert

Barton,anevolutionarybiologistattheUniversityofDurham.Forexample,doesthe

sameeffectoccurindifferentcultures?Otherresearchsuggestsextremeheightis

unattractivetowomen,whichmayexplainwhyevolutionhasnotstretchedtheheightgap

betweenthesexesfurther."Clearly,somethinghaslimitedthatprocess,"Bartonsays.

16、Accordingtothepassage,wecanobtainthat.

shortmenaremoreattractivetomostwomen

B、tallmenthoughttheirheightistheiradvantage

C、shortmentendtonotadvertisethemselves

D^womenonlypayattentiontotheheightsinmen'sadvertisements

标准答案：B」

知识点解析：细节题。本文讲了个子高的男士对女上更有吸引力。由文中第二段

“menonlyputtheirheightintheiradsiftheyaretall"，可知个子高的男士比较喜欢把

身高放在广告里，即他们认为这是他们的优势，故A错误，B正确。C的逻辑和原

文并不相符，个子矮的男士只是不喜欢把身高放进广告里。D文中没有提及。故选

Bo

17、WhatisthepurposeofRobinDunbar'sstudyinWroclaw?

A、Tohelpthemedicalworldtoadvance.

Tofindoutwhysomemenchoosetoremainsingle.

C、losecwhethertallmenarcreallymorelikelytohavechildren.

D、Toseewhatfactorsenablementobetallertoday.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。与之有关的是第三段，Dunbar说，如果个高的男士真的更

吸引女士，那么他们应该比个矮的男士有更多的孩子。因此他设计了下面的调查。

故研究的目的是为了看个高的男士是不是更容易有孩子。故选Co

18、Dunbarmentionedhisfinding"bachelorsinWroclawwereshorterthantheir

marriedcounterparts"toprovethat.

Axshortermendon*tliketoattractwomen

B、shortermenarcoutofthesightofwomen

C、shortermendon51liketohavechildren

D、shortermenarelessattractivetowomen

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。第五段的内容是，结果显示，没孩子的男士平均身高比有一

个或更多孩子的男士身高明显要低。这验证了女士喜欢个高的男士，其后Dunbar

举了这个例子，都是为了说明个高的男士更吸引女士，反之亦然。选项中A、C没

有提及，B过于绝对。故选D。

19^AccordingtoRobinDunbar,stheory,womenprefertallmenbecause.

A、tallnessisgenerallyassociatedwithwealth,successandhealth

B、tallermenhavebetterchancetosurvive

C^tallermenlivelongerthantheshortermen

D、tallmenhavebettergenes

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。在文中的倒数第三段中提到了这个问题，"Thismightdate

backtoatimewhentallmeninhuntingsocietieswerestrongerandgenetically»better

equippedforthestruggletosurvive.”即个高的男士在以前狩猎时期更强壮.基因上

更容易存活。故选B。

20、Thebesttitleforthispassageis.

A、HeightAndAttractiveness

ComparisonBetweenTallMenAndShortMen

C、TheHigher,theBetter

D^TallMenAreWealthier

标准答案：A

知识点解析：主旨题。文章一直在介绍男士身高对于女士吸引度的研究。研究表

明，女士更喜欢个高的男士，但是也不是越高越好。故选项中，B偏离主题，文章

的目的不在于比较个高和个低的男士，D文章没有提及，C与文章不符。故选A。

大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试

卷第2套

一、词汇理解（本题共10题，每题1.0分，共10分。）

Lookingbackonmychildhood,Iamconvincedthatnaturalistsarebornandnotmade.

Althoughwewereallbroughtupinthesameway,mybrothersandsisterssoon[Cl]

theirpressedflowersandinsects.Unlikethem,Ihadnoearfbrmusicand

languages.Iwasnotan[C2]readerandIcouldnotdomentalarithmetic.

BeforeWorldWarIwcspentoursummerholidaysinHungary.Ihaveonlythe[C3]

memoryofthehousewclivedinandofmyroomandmytoys.ButIdohavea

crystal-clearmemoryofthedogs,thefarmanimals,thelocalbirds,andaboveail,the

insects.Iamanaturalist,notascientist.Ihaveastrongloveofthenaturalworldandmy

[C4]hadledmeintovariedinvestigations.Ilovediscussingmy[C5]

topicsandenjoyburningthemidnightoilwhilereadingaboutotherpeople's

observationsand[C6].Thensomethinghappensthatbringstheseobservations

togetherinmyconsciousmind.Suddenlyyoufancyyouseetheanswertotheriddle,

becauseitallseemstofit[C7]together.Thishasresultedinmypublishing300

papersandbooks,whichsomemight[C8]withthetitleofscientificresearch.

Butcuriosity,akeeneye,agoodmemoryandenjoymentoftheanimalandplantworld

donotmakeascientist.Ascientistrequiresnotonly[C9]buthardtraining,

determinationandagoal.Ascientist,uptoapoint,canbemade.Anaturalistisborn.If

youcan[CIO]thetwo,yougetthebestofbothworlds.A.combineB.connect

C.sclf-disciplincD.enthusiasmE.regulationsF.discoveriesG.dimH.eventuallyI.

abandonedJ.honorK.disposedL.modestM.favoriteN.earlyO.perfectly

1、[Cl]

标准答案：I

知识点解析：此处需要过去时态的及物动词作谓语。根据第1句提到的“我相信自

然主义者是天生的''和下文的“与他们不一样“，可以推断兄弟姐妹是不喜欢花和昆

虫的。abandonedtheirpressedflowersandinsects意为“抛弃了他们压平的花和昆

虫

2、[C2]

标准答案：N

知识点解析：此处需要元音开头的形容词作定语。以元音开头的只有early,根据

and后面的“不会做心算”也可进一步确认。notanearlyreader意为“不是很早就学会

阅读的人“。abandoned一词虽然也以元音开头，而且也可充当形容词，但在词义上

不符合上下文的要求。

3、（C31

标准答案：G

知识点解析：此处需要形容词作定语。根据下文But后的内容，可知空白处应与

crysud-clear（一清二楚的）形成反义关系，所以答案应该是dim。dimmemory意为

“模糊的记忆

4、[C4]

标准答案：D

知识点解析：此处需要名词作主语。根据上文的stronglove,可知答案为

enthusiasmo

5、[C5]

标准答案：M

知识点解析：此处需要形容词作定语。根据topics的谓语动词love可推断答案为

favorite,即myfavorite【opics（我最喜欢的话题）。

6、[C6]

标准答案：F

知识点解析：此处需要名词作宾语。能与。bservalions构成并列关系的名词是

discoverieso

7、[C7]

标准答案：O

知识点解析：此处需要副词作状语，修饰谓语部分seemstofittogether。从上下文

语义看，perfectly较合适。seemstofitperfectlytogether意为“似乎都相配得非常完

美”。

8、[C8]

标准答案：J

知识点解析：此处需要及物动词，而且是动词原形，作谓语。从下一句But后的内

容看，此处需要一个积极意义的动词，所以honor最合适。honorwiththetitleof

scientificresearch意为”尊称这些为科学研究

9、[C9]

标准答案：C

知识点解析：此处需要名词，与hardtraining,determinationandagoal并列作宾

语，因此答案为self-disciplineo

10、[CIO]

标准答案：A

知识点解析：此处需要及物动词，而且是动词原形作谓语。根据下文“获得这两个

领域最棒的东西“，可知要把两者结合起来，因此答案为combine。

二、长篇阅读(本题共10题，每题1.0分，共70分。)

QuestionsontheOriginsofChristmas1.WhydowecelebrateonDecember25th?A)

TheBiblemakesnomentionofJesusbeingbornonDecember25thand,asmorethan

onehistorianhaspointedout,whywouldshepherdsbetendingtotheirflockinthe

middleofwinter?Sowhyisthatthedaywccelebrate?Well,eitherChristianholidays

miraculouslyfallonthesamedaysaspaganonesortheChristianshavebeencraftyin

convertingpaganpopulationstoreligionbyplacingimportantChristianholidaysonthe

samedaysaspaganones.AndpeoplehadbeencelebratingonDecember25th(andthe

surroundingweeks)forcenturiesbythetimeJesusshowedup.B)TheWinterSolstice,

fallingonoraroundDecember21st,wasandiscelebratedaroundtheworldasthe

beginningoftheendofwinter.Itistheshortestdayandlongestnightanditspassing

signifiesthatspringisontheway.InScandinaviancountries,theycelebratedthesolstice

withaholidaycalledYulelastfromthe21stuntilJanuaryandburnedaYulelogthe

wholetime.InRome,Saturnalia-acelebrationofSaturn,theGodofagriculture-lasted

(heentireendoftheyearandwasmarkedbymassintoxication.Inthemiddleofthis,the

RomanscelebratedthebirthofanotherGod,Mithra(achildGod),whoseholiday

celebratedthechildrenofRome.C)WhentheChristianitybecametheofficialreligionof

Rome,therewasnoChristmas.Itwasnotuntilthe4thcenturythatPopeJuliusIdeclared

thebirthofJesustobeaholidayandpickedDecember25thasthecelebrationday.By

themiddleages,mostpeoplecelebratedtheholidayweknowasChristmas.2.Howdid

Americanscometolovetheholiday?D)TheAmericanChristmasis,likemostAmerican

holidays,amishmashofOldWorldcustomsmixedwithAmericaninventions.While

ChristmaswascelebratedinAmericafromthetimeof[heJamestownsettlement,our

modernideaoftheholidaydidn'ttakerootuntilthe19thcentury.TheHistoryChannel

creditsWashingtonIrvingwithgettingtheballrolling.In1819hepublishedThe

SketchbookofGeoffreyCrayon,gent.,anaccountofaChristmascelebrationinwhicha

richfamilyinvitespoorfolkintotheirhousetocelebratetheholiday.E)Theproblemwas

thatmanyoftheactivitiesdescribedinliving'swork,suchasCrowningaLordof

Misrule,wereentirelyfictional.Nonetheless,IrvingbegantosteerChristmascelebrations

awayfromdrunkendebauchery(放荡)andtowardswholesome,charitablefun.

Throughouttherestofthe19thcentuiy,ChristmasgainedpopularityandAmericans

adoptedoldcustomsorinventednewones,suchasChristmastrees,greetingcards,

givinggiftsandeatingawholeroastedpig.3.WhopopularizedChristmastrees?F)Since

timeimmortal,humanshavebeenfascinatedwiththecolorgreenandplantsthatstay

greenthroughwinter.Manyancientsocieties—fromRomanstoVikings—would

decoratetheirHomesandtempleswithevergreensinthewinterasasymbolofthe

returninggrowingseason.ButtheChristmastreedidn'tgetgoinguntilsomeintrepid(无

畏的)Germandraggedhomeanddecoratedatreeinthe16thcentury.Legendhasitthat

MartinLutherhimselfaddedlightedcandlestohisfamily'stree,startingthetrend(and

leadingtocountlessfiresthroughtheyears).InAmerica,theChristmastreedidn'tcatch

onuntil1846whentheBritishroyals,QueenVictoriaandtheGermanPrinceAlbert,

wereshownwithaChristmastreeinanewspaper.FashionablepeopleinAmerica

mimickedtheRoyalsandthetreethingspreadoutsideofGermanenclaves(被围领土)in

America.Ornaments,courtesyofGermany,andelectriclights,courtesyofThomas

Edison'sassistants,wereaddedovertheyearsandwehaven'tchangedmuchsince.4.

What'sthedealwithSantaClans?G)Thejolly,red-suitedmanwhosneaksintoyour

homeeveryyeartoleaveyougiftshasn'talwaysbeensojolly.TherealSaintNickwasa

Turkishmonkwholivedinthe3rdcentury.Accordingtolegend,hewasarichman

thankstoaninheritancefromhisparents,buthegaveitallawayintheformofgiftsto

(heless-fortunate.HeeventuallybecamethemostpopularsaintinEuropeand,through

hisalterego,SantaClaus,remainssotothisday.Buthowdidalong-deadTurkishmonk

becomeabig,fat,reindeer-ridingpoledweller?TheDutchgottheballrollingby

celebratingthesaint-calledSinterKlaas—inNewYorkinthelate-18thcentury.Ourold

friend,WashingtonIrving,includedthelegendofSaintNickinhisseminalHistoryof

New-Yorkaswell,butattheturnofthe18thcentury,SaintNickwasstillarather

obscurefigureinAmerica.H)OnDecember23,1823,though,amannamedClement

ClarkeMoorepublishedapoemhehadwrittenforhisdaughterscalled"AnAccountofa

VisitfromSt.Nicholas,"betterknownnowas"T"wastheNightBeforeChristmas."

NobodyknowshowmuchofthepoemMooreinvented,butwedoknowthatitwasthe

sparkthateventuallylittheSantafire.ManyofthethingsweassociatewithSanta-a

sleigh,reindeer,ChristmasEvevisits-camefromMoore'spoem.From1863to1886,

ThomasNast'sillustrationsofSantaClausappearedinHarper'sWeekly—includinga

scenewithSantagivinggiftstoUnionsoldiers.Notmuchhaschangedsincethesecond

halfofthe19thcentury:Santastillgetspulledinasleighbyflyingreindeer,hestill

wearsthebigredsuitandhestillsneaksdownchimneystodropoffpresents.5.Who

inventedRudolph?I)Santadidgetonemorefriendin193