(英语)50套高中英语阅读理解(教育文化)含解析

（英语）50套高中英语阅读理解(教育文化)含解析一、高中英语阅读理解教育文化类1．阅读理解

Askanynewcollegegraduateabouthisimmediategoals,anditislikelythathewilltellyouhewantsajob.Butitturnsoutthattoday'sstudentsarenotgoingtobesatisfiedwithanyjob.Accordingtothelatestsurvey,makingadifferencethroughtheirworkisessential(必要的)toyoungpeople'shappiness.

Thesurveyfoundthat72percentofgraduatingcollegeseniorsbelievebeingabletohaveapositivesocialinfluencethroughtheirworkisessentialtotheirhappiness.Makingadifferenceissoimportanttothemthat45percentsaytheywouldtakea15-percentpaycuttoworkatanorganizationthathasasocialorenvironmentalinfluence,and58percentsaytheywouldtakeapaycuttoworkforanorganizationwhosevaluesarethesameastheirown.

Besidesthis,thesurveyfoundthatfemalestudentsarefarmorelikelytoputsocialinfluenceinfirstplacethantheirmaleclassmates,echoingtheresultsofaformerstudyshowingthatfemalemathsandsciencemajorsaremorelikelytosaytheygointothosefieldstomakeadifference.

Onereasonfortheemphasis(强调)onimprovingtheworldprobablyhastodowiththecultureofcolleges,whichencouragesstudentstoconnecttheirstudiesbacktoreal-worldproblems.Studentsareusedtodiscussingimportantsocialissues(问题)withtheirfriendsandprofessors,anddoingsomethingabouttheminclassorthroughvolunteeractivities.Oncestudentsdevelopthosehabits,theydon'tshutthemoffwhengraduationrollsaround.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"echoing"inparagraph3probablymean?A.Learning.B.Repeating.C.Believing.D.Creating.（2）Whatisoneofthereasonsfortheemphasisonstudentswantingtoimprovetheworld?A.Thehabitsstudentsdevelopinsociety.B.Theappearanceofimportantsocialissues.C.Theencouragementofthecultureofcolleges.D.Theeffectparents'educationhasontheirchildren.（3）Whatcanyoulearnfromthepassage?A.Youngpeoplewillsurelygainhappinessiftheycanmakeadifferenceintheirwork.B.Lessthanhalfofthecollegeseniorswilltakeapaycuttoworkwiththesamevalues.C.Mostcollegegraduatesbelieveitimportanttohaveapositivesocialinfluenceinwork.D.Femalegraduatesareallputtingmoresocialinfluenceinfirstplacethanmalegraduates.（4）Whichcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.FemaleStudentsAreConcernedaboutSocietyB.YoungPeople'sHappinessDoesn'tDependonMoneyC.GraduatesBecomeMoreInterestedinChallengingJobsD.ManyGraduatesWouldTakeaPayCuttoMakeaDifference【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了通过工作能有一个积极的社会影响对年轻人的幸福至关重要。（1）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“Besidesthis,thesurveyfoundthatfemalestudentsarefarmorelikelytoputsocialinfluenceinfirstplacethantheirmaleclassmates，”除此之外，调查发现女生比男生更有可能把社会影响放在第一位；以及“theresultsofaformerstudyshowingthatfemalemathsandsciencemajorsaremorelikelytosaytheygointothosefieldstomakeadifference.”以前的一项研究结果显示，女性数学和科学专业的学生更有可能说她们进入这些领域是为了有所作为。可以推断出两项调查的结果是一致的。都说明了女性更愿意在工作中做出影响。故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Onereasonfortheemphasis(强调)onimprovingtheworldprobablyhastodowiththecultureofcolleges,whichencouragesstudentstoconnecttheirstudiesbacktoreal-worldproblems.”强调改善世界的一个原因可能与大学文化有关，大学文化鼓励学生将他们的学习与现实世界的问题联系起来。故选C。（3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Thesurveyfoundthat72percentofgraduatingcollegeseniorsbelievebeingabletohaveapositivesocialinfluencethroughtheirworkisessentialtotheirhappiness.”调查发现，72%的大学毕业生认为通过工作产生积极的社会影响对他们的幸福至关重要。可以得出结论：多数的毕业生都认可工作产生的社会影响对他们而言是重要的。故选C。（4）考查主旨大意。通过第一段的调查结论得出：对年轻人的幸福，通过工作改变世界是至关重要的。所以，文章主要阐述年轻人的幸福取决于在工作中改变世界（makeadifference）,结合第二段中的“Makingadifferenceissoimportanttothemthat45percentsaytheywouldtakea15-percentpaycuttoworkatanorganizationthathasasocialorenvironmentalinfluence,and58percentsaytheywouldtakeapaycuttoworkforanorganizationwhosevaluesarethesameastheirown.”对他们来说，做出改变是如此重要，以至于45%的人说他们愿意接受15%的减薪去一个对社会或环境有影响的组织工作，58%的人说他们愿意接受减薪去一个与他们价值观相同的组织工作。可以看出,减薪是makeadifference的重要性。综上所述，选项D：ManyGraduatesWouldTakeaPayCuttoMakeaDifference和文章的主旨是一致的。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。2．阅读理解

Mychallengeforyouisthis:toreadabookfor15minuteseverysingledayforamonth.

Letmeexplainabit

bytellingyouwherethechallengecamefrom.Ihavemanythingsincommonwithmydad,likemusictasteandsenseofhumor,butsadlyreadingisn'toneofthem.Icanhappilyspendawholedaywithabook,butmydadcan'treadabookforlongerthanabout5minutes.Hereadsemails,websitesandpapersforwork,butnotbooks.He'sbusy,soIthinksittingdowntoreadforjust15minutesadayisagoodwaytorelaxandtointroducehimtoreading.

Mydadisnottheonlypersonwhoavoidsbooks.IknowlotsofpeoplewouldratherrelaxontheircomputersorinfrontoftheTV.Everyoneisdifferentandhastheirowninterests,butIthinktherearelotsofbenefitstoreading,whichscreen﹣basedactivitiesdon'thave.

Firstly,it'sbetterforyoureyes.Lookingatscreenscanbeverystressfulforyoureyemuscles,andclearlyyoushouldavoidlookingatscreensforanhourbeforebed,togetagoodnight'ssleep.

OnethingIpersonallylovereading,isbeingtransportedtoanotherworld﹣Ioftenforgetthetimeorthingsaroundme!Readingisagreatwaytoswitchoffbeforeyougotobed,becauseyouthinkmoreabouttheworldofthebook,ratherthantherealworld,soyoucantrulyrelax.IknowyoucanbetransportedtoadifferentworldinafilmoraTVshow,butIthinkbooksdoitbetter.

Ialsoenjoyhearingwhatpeoplearedoingandfindingoutwhattheythink.Readinggivesmethechancetogettoknowhundredsofnewpeople!Italsoteachesyoutoseethingsfromotherpeople'spointofview,andunderstandotherpeople'sdecisionsoropinions.Withabook,youcanheareverythingacharacteristhinkingorfeeling﹣youreallycanbeinsidesomeoneelse'shead!

Sogiveitago!Take15minuteswhenyouarewakingup,goingtobed,eatinglunch,orhavingacoffee.Ifyoureadalot,whynottry15minutesofanEnglishbook,orpassthechallengeontosomeoneelse?Goodluck,andhappyreading!（1）Theauthormentionshisfatherinthetexttoshow

.A.

hisfatherisbusy

B.

readingisimportantC.

hisfatherlikesreading

D.

manypeoplehavenohabitofreading（2）Theauthorwritesthetextmainlybasingon

.A.

hispersonalexperience

B.

somescientificexperimentsC.

hisfather'spersonaladvice

D.

knowledgefrombooks（3）Theunderlinedword"it"inParagraph5refersto

.A.

helpingreaderssleepwell

B.

makingreadersfeelrelaxedC.

transportingreaderstoadifferentworld

D.

remindingreadersoftherealworld（4）Whatistheauthor'sattitudetoreading?A.Negative.B.Uncertain.C.Supportive.D.Doubtful.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）C（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讲述了我给你的挑战：一个月每天读15分钟的书。（1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Mydadisbynomeanstheonlypersonwhoavoidsbooks.

IknowlotsofpeoplewouldratherrelaxontheircomputersorinfrontoftheTV.”可知，我父亲绝不是唯一一个不看书的人。我知道有很多人宁愿在电脑或电视机前放松，故选D。（2）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“OnethingIpersonallylovereading,isbeingtransportedtoanotherworld﹣Iwouldoftenforgetthetimeorthingsaroundme!”可知，就我个人喜欢读书这件事来说，读书可以转换到另一个世界，我将忘记时间或周围的事情，可知这篇文章的基础是"作者的亲身经历"。故选A。（3）考查词义猜测。根据句意可知，我知道你可以在电影或电视节目中被带到一个不同的世界，但我认为书可以做得更好。所以此处是指读者被带到另一个世界。故选C。（4）考查推理判断。根据文章内容可知，作者建议大家要每天读书，可见作者是支持大家阅读的。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。3．阅读理解

Afriendisbetterthanfortune.Afriendisworsethanpoisoninsomecases.

Thetwosentencesabovehaveoppositemeaningsandseemtobeunreasonable

buttheycanbeexplainedasfollows:thefirstreferstoallgoodfriendswhodriveustowardsgoodwhilethesecondallbadoneswholeadusintobadways.

Myidealfriendisofcourseagoodfriendwhosegoodnessisshownbelow—hehasnobadhabits

suchassmokinganddrinking.Helivesinfrugality(节俭).Hestudieshardsoasnottowastehisgoldentime.Athomehehonorshisparentsandloveshisbrothers;atschoolherespectshisteachersandsharesthefeelingsofhisclassmates.Hetreatsthosetrulywhoaretruetohim.Inaword,hehasallthegoodcharacteristicsthatIdon'thave.Icanfollowhimasamodel.WithhishelpIcanbefreefromalldifficulties.

Indeed,ifIhavesuchapersonasmyfriend,IshallneverfeardifficultyandIshallneverknowtheexistenceoftheword"failure".（1）Thispassagetellsus____.A.

howtomakefriendswithothersB.

howtohelpfriendsC.

whatkindofpersonthewriter'sfriendisD.

whatkindofpersonweshouldmakefriendswith（2）Accordingtothewriter,anidealfriendrefersto_______.A.afriendwithoutbadhabitsB.afamousmanC.aperfectmanD.arespectableman（3）Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat________.A.thewriterandhisidealfriendhavealottolearnfromeachotherB.thewriterhasalottolearnfromhisidealfriendC.thewriter'sidealfriendhasalottolearnfromhimD.thewriterhasonlyalittletolearnfromhisidealfriend（4）Fromthesecondparagraph,wecaninferthewriterissurethat_______.A.friendshipmeansagreatdealtohimB.nothingcanbedonewithoutfriendsC.hewhodoesnotsmokeordrinkmustbeagoodfriendD.goodfriendsshouldalwayshelpeachother【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了我们应该交哪种朋友。我们应该交那种在学校尊敬老师，在家爱戴父母认真学习，珍惜时间的朋友。（1）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文讲述的是我们应该交哪种朋友。我们应该交那种在学校尊敬老师，在家爱戴父母认真学习，珍惜时间的朋友。故选D。（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段可知理想的朋友就是那些完美的人。故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Icanfollowhimasamodel."他是我的楷模，我能从他身上学习到很多东西。故选B。（4）考查推理判断。从文章内容可知我很看重生命中的好朋友，一位友谊对我来说意义重大。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读。考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。4．阅读理解

ThepictureofGeorgeWashingtonisontheone-dollarbill.HeservedasAmerican'sfirstpresidentfrom1789to1797.PresidentWashingtonhasbeencalledthe"Fatherofhiscountry."

ThethirdpresidentoftheUnitedStates,ThomasJefferson,isonthetwo-dollarbill.HewasthemainwriteroftheDeclarationofindependencein1776.Jeffersonwasoneofthemostinfluentialofthenation'sFoundingFathers.Hewasalsoaplantexpert,architect,musicianandinventor.

AnotherofAmerican'sgreatestpresidents,AbrahamLincoln,isonthefive-dollarbill.Heservedasthesixteenthpresidentfrom1861until1865.HesuccessfullyledthecountrythroughtheCivilWar,savedtheUnionandendedslavery.

ThepictureofAlexanderHamiltonappearsontheten-dollarbill.Hamiltonwasneverpresident.ButhewasthefirstSecretaryoftheTreasuryandoneoftheFoundingFathers.Hewasalsoaneconomistandpoliticalphilosopher.

AndrewJacksonwastheseventhpresident,servingfrom1829to1837.Hesupportedpopulardemocracyandindividualliberty.Hispictureisonthetwenty-dollarbill.

Anotherpresidentisonthefifty-dollarbill.UlyssesS.Grantservedfrom1869to1877.Beforeservingaspresident,GrantwasmilitarycommanderofUnionforcesduringtheCivilWar.Underhiscommand,theUnionArmydefeatedConfederateforces.

Sowhodoyouthinkisontheonehundred-dollarbill?ItisBenjaminFranklin.Franklinwasneverelectedpresident,butwasoneoftheFoundingFathers.Hewasalsoaleadingwriterandprinter,politicalthinker,politician,postmaster,scientist,inventor,civilactivist,anddiplomat.

TheseAmericanstatesmenareonthefrontofthebills.Thebacksofthenotesshowimagesfromnation'shistoryorfamousplaces.Theyareinorder,theGreatSealoftheUnitedStates,thesigningofDeclarationofIndependenceandtheLincolnMemorial.TheothersaretheTreasuryBuilding,theWhiteHouse,theCapitolBuildingandindependenceHall.（1）ThedesignofthebillsshowsthatAmericansvaluestheirpeople's__________.A.

talentsinmanyways

B.

successintheircareersC.

inventionsinnewfields

D.

contributionstothecountry（2）Forhundredsofyears,thosehistoricmenonthebillsfoughtforthenation's____________.A.

economyandpower

B.

independenceanddemocracyC.

wealthandsuccess

D.

faithandglory（3）Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.

MenontheMoney

B.

theDesignofUSBillsC.

HistoryontheMoney

D.

theStoryofUSBills【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了各种面值的美元纸币上伟大人物，以及他们对国家所做出的贡献。（1）考查推理判断。文章在描述每一种面值的纸币上的人物时，都着重描写他们对国家的作用与影响，GeorgeWashington是第一任总统，ThomasJefferson独立宣言的主要起草者，AbrahamLincoln结束内战，废除奴隶制，AlexanderHamilton第一个财政部长和开国元勋之一，AndrewJackson支持大众民主和个人自由，BenjaminFranklin开国元勋之一，从而可判断美国人民看重的是伟人对这个国家做出的贡献。故选D。（2）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“PresidentWashingtonhasbeencalledthe‘Fatherofhiscountry.’"；第二段中的“Jeffersonwasoneofthemostinfluentialofthenation'sFoundingFathers.”及下文对美元上其他人物的介绍可知，文章中提到的这些历史上著名的人物，无论是独立战争，美国内战，还是独立宣言的起草与签署都反映出他们为争取国家的独立与民主所做出的努力与牺牲。故选B。（3）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“ThepictureofGeorgeWashingtonisontheone-dollarbill.第二段中的ThethirdpresidentoftheUnitedStates,ThomasJefferson,isonthetwo-dollarbill.”及下文各段的段首句可知，本文主要描述了各种面值的美元纸币上伟大人物，以及他们对国家所做出的贡献。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。5．阅读理解

Childrenwhospendmoretimereadingwiththeirparentshaveagreaterchanceofbecomingbetterreadersthanthosewhodon't.Withhelpfromtheirparents,childrencanlearntechniquestoimprovetheirreadingskills.

"Alotofparentsthinkaftertheirchildlearnstoread,theyshouldstopreadingtothem,"DonnaGeorgesaid."Theyaresadlymistaken."

GeorgeoffersherservicestoparentsattheTitleILearningCenters.Shesaidreadingaloudtochildrenmaybethemostvaluablethingparentscando."Itisbetterforchildrentohearthingsatahighlevelthanwheretheyare,"Georgesaid."Parentsaretheirchild'sfirstteacher."Parentshelptheirchildrenbuildlistening,phonics,comprehensionandvocabularyskillswhentheyreadaloudtothem.

Beforeparentscanidentifyreadingproblems,theyshouldescapetheenemy—televisionandlimitthetimetheirchildrenspendwatchingtelevision.GeorgesuggestednotallowingkidstohaveaTVintheirbedrooms,settingascheduleofwhenkidscanwatchorkeepingalistofhowmanyprogramschildrenwatch.LouiseJonessaidthatwhileher14-year-olddaughterand10-year-oldsonenjoyreading,thetelevisionsometimesbecomesadistraction.Soshetriestobuildthesituationbysuggestingbookstheentirefamilywillenjoyreadingtogether,liketheHarryPotterseries.

Parentswhodonotreadthemselvesshouldnotcountontheirchildrenbeingenthusiasticaboutit.Ifparentswouldreadtotheirchildrenatleast15minuteseveryday,childrenwouldnothavesomanyproblemsinschool.Itistheparents'jobtohelpbuildthatdesireintheirchildren,andofcoursetoknowwhatkindofbookstoreadisalsoimportant.（1）AccordingtoGeorge,readingaloudtochildren______.A.helpsthemcorrectmistakesB.ishelpfultotheirreadingC.isparents'firstdutytotheirchildrenD.cangetchildrenoutoftelevision'sattraction（2）Theunderlinedword"distraction"(inParagraph4)meanssomethingthatcan_____.A.improvechildren'sreadingskillsB.helpchildrenformtherighthabitofreadingC.makechildreninterestedinreadingD.stopchildrenconcentratingonreading（3）Whatisimportantaccordingtothefourthparagraph?A.Readingskills.B.Readingspeed.C.Readingmaterials.D.Readingenvironment.（4）Thebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe______.A.ChildrenSpendMoreTimeReadingwithParentsB.ParentsAreTheirChild'sFirstTeacherC.HowParentsMakeTheirChildaBetterReaderD.HowtoImproveChildren'sReadingAbility【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了经常与父母一起阅读的孩子更容易成为优秀的阅读者，在父母的帮助下，孩子们会提高阅读技巧，并详细阐述了父母如何使孩子成为更好的阅读者。（1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Parentshelptheirchildrenbuildlistening,phonics,comprehensionandvocabularyskillswhentheyreadaloudtothem.”可知家长对孩子大声的阅读，会帮助他们建立听力、发音、理解和词汇技能。即家长对孩子大声的阅读对孩子的阅读是有帮助的，故选B。（2）考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“Beforeparentscanidentifyreadingproblems,theyshouldescapetheenemy—televisionandlimitthetimetheirchildrenspendwatchingtelevision.”可知电视是影响孩子阅读的敌人，所以当LouiseJoines14岁的女儿和10岁的儿子享受阅读的快乐时，电视就会成为使他们分心的东西，所以distraction的意思是“分心”，故选D。（3）考查推理判断。第四段主要讲了为了避免电视成为孩子阅读的障碍，不建议在孩子的卧室安装电视，而且列举了LouiseJones的例子，为了避免电视使孩子分心，LouiseJones营造全家都读书的氛围。所以从本段可以知道阅读环境是很重要的，故选D。（4）考查主旨大意。主要讲述了经常与父母一起阅读的孩子更容易成为优秀的阅读者，在父母的帮助下，孩子们会提高阅读技巧。并详细阐述了父母如何使孩子成为更好的阅读者。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。6．阅读理解

Therearearound600,000vegans(素食者)intheUK.That'sjustover1%ofthepopulation—anamountexpectedtoincreaseto25%by2025.Andifthere'sonetypeoffoodthatBritslove,itisfastfood.PeopleintheUKloveitsomuchthattherewasa34%increaseinthenumberoffastfoodoutletsfrom2010to2018.It'snosurprise,then,thatveganfastfoodisalsoontherise.

Veganfastfoodhasbecomebigbusiness.AtJustEat,anonlinefooddeliverycompany,veganordersmorethandoubledin2018.Greggs,achainofhigh-streetbakeries,nameditsvegansausagerollthe"fastest-sellingproductinsixyears".AndbigfranchisessuchasMcDonald'sandKFChaveannouncedmeat-freechickennuggets(鸡块)tocomeinthefuture.

What's.drivingthispopularity?KatrinaFox,founderofVeganBusinessMedia,believesit'stheresultofthebreakingdownofstereotypes(成见)."Veganfoodisnolongerseenasabitoflettuceandlentils—youcaneatprettymuchanything".

It'salsoclaimedthattherearehealthbenefits.JohnMarulanda,ownerofMooshiesisaveganburgerbarinLondon—wantstoimplement"achangetoahealthyversionoffastfood.Something,heclaims,thatcomesasaresultoftheinherentnutritionalvalueoftheingredientstheyuse.

But,isveganfastfoodactuallyhealthy?AzminaGovindjioftheBritishDieteticAssociationsays"nottoassume"thatisthecase,"It'sfineifthoseproductshavegotvitaminB12,iodineorcalciumaddedtothem,buttheycanstillbefried,itcanstillhavelotsofcreamy,fattysaucesandlotsofsalt.

Giventhecurrentgrowthinorders,thetrendforveganfastfoodisn'tlikelytodisappearanytimesoon,Health—wise,itmaynotbeanymorenourishingthanregularfastfood,butformany,thelackofanimalsufferinginvolvedintheprocessisabigplus.（1）What'sthemainideaofParagraph1?A.VegansintheUKareincreasing.B.Britishpeoplelovejunkfood.C.Eatingtoomuchfastfoodisbadforhealth.D.VeganfastfoodisbecomingpopularinBritain.（2）Whichmightbethereasonforthepopularityofveganfastfood?A.Itsuniqueflavors.B.Thechangeoflifepace.C.Itshealthbenefits.D.Itscolorfuldecorations.（3）WhatisAzminaGovindji'sopinionaboutveganfastfood?A.Itisnotsohealthy.B.Itismorevaried.C.Itismorenutritious.D.Itwillsoondisappear.（4）Whydomanypeopletendtoveganfastfoodaccordingtothelastsentence?A.Tokeepabalanceddiet.B.Forreligiousreasons.C.Outoftheloveforanimals.D.It'scheaperthanregularfood.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，素食快餐在英国越来越受欢迎，文章陈述了它受欢迎的潜在原因。于此同时，也有人认为素食快餐并没有那么健康，可能人们选择素食快餐是出于对动物的爱。（1）考查段落大意。根据第一段中的“It'snosurprise,then,thatveganfastfoodisalsoontherise.”毫无以外，素食快餐也在增加，可知，本段主要讲述随着快餐在英国的增加，素食快餐也在增加，即素食快餐在英国变得越来越受欢迎。故选D。（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“It'salsoclaimedthattherearehealthbenefits.”它还声称对健康有益)可知，素食快餐流行的原因之一是对健康有好处。故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“AzminaGovindjioftheBritishDieteticAssociationsays‘nottoassume’thatisthecase,"It'sfineifthoseproductshavegotvitaminB12,iodineorcalciumaddedtothem..buttheycanstillbefried,itcanstillhavelotsofcreamy,fattysaucesandlotsofsalt.”英国饮食协会的AzminaGovindji说，“不要假设”是这样的情况，“如果这些产品含有维生素B12就好了，加入碘或钙。但是它们仍然是油炸，仍然有许多奶油、脂肪和很多盐。”可推测，AzminaGovindji认为素食快餐并没有那么健康，因为它们仍然用来油炸，含有大量脂肪和盐。故选A。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Health-wise,itmaynotbeanymorenourishingthanregularfastfood,butformany，thelackofanimalsufferinginvolvedintheprocessisabigplus.”在健康方面，它可能不会比普通快餐更营养，但对于很多人来说，在整个过程中没有动物受苦是一大好处，可知，很多人选择素食快餐是因为没有动物的痛苦在里面，故推测他们是出于对动物的爱而选择素食快餐的。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。7．阅读理解

ArecentdocumentaryproducedbytheBritishBroadcastingCorporation(BBC)hascausedastirinChinaandintheUK.

Thedocumentary,titledAreOurKidsToughEnough?focusesonfiveChineseteacherswhoaresenttoteach50UKteensataschoolinHampshire.

Theteachersinstructthestudentsforamonth.Thepupilsarethentested,andtheresultsarecomparedtotheonesofthosewhohavecontinuedintheregularUKeducationsystem.TheideaistoseeiftheChinesemethodimprovesacademicperformance.

TheChineseteachersusetheirownteachingmethodsbutreceivestrongresistancefromthestudents.Aclipfromthedocumentaryonlineshowssomeproblems,withChineseteacherscallingtheirstudentslazyandlackingindiscipline,whilethestudentssaythehighpressureandharshteachersaredrivingthemcrazy.

ThishasarousedanewdebateinbothChinaandtheUK,withsomearguingtheteenagersneedmoreregulationanddiscipline.OtherssayChinesemethodsencouragerotelearning(死记硬背)insteadofindependentthinking.Forinstance,Chineselanguageteachersshoulddomorethanpassonknowledgeaboutwordsandcharacters.Theyshouldinspirestudents,helpingthemfeelthesentimentfromChineseliterature.Thisisahigherlevelofteaching.

YangDongping,deanofthe21stCenturyEducationResearchInstitute,says,"TheChineseteachingmethodsaredesignedtostrictlytrainthemajority.Foreignteachingmethods,however,aremorenaturalandrelaxing,anddesignedtoinspirestudents'interestinlearning.Educationmethodsarebasedonculture.Thatiswhyasuccessfuleducationmethodinoneplacemaynotworkthatwellwhensimply'transplanted'intoanotherplace."

YangDongpingsays,"ThedocumentarydoesreflectsomeproblemsrootedintraditionalChineseteachingmethods.Nobelprizewinner,YangZhenning,gaveaveryfaircommentonthisissue.HesaidtheChinese-styleeducationmethodworksformostordinaryqualifiedstudentseffectively,helpingthemreachhighstandards.However,itmayweakenthetrainingforhigh-potentialoutstandingstudents."（1）WhyarefiveChineseteacherssenttoteach50UKteens?A.TotesttheintelligenceoftheUKteens.B.Tohelptheschoolimprovetheirteachingefficiency.C.TodosomepracticalresearchintotheUKeducationsystem.D.TotesttheeffectivenessofChineseteachingmethods.（2）What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword"harsh"inthefourthparagraph?A.ExtremelystrictB.QuitefriendlyC.RathercoldD.Veryattractive（3）AccordingtoYangDongpingChineseteachingmethods______.A.fitallcountriesB.couldbeimprovedC.arethebestintheworldD.arenotasgoodasBritishmethods【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一部关于教学方法的纪录片在中英两国引起了不小的关注——五名中国老师被派去教英国学生，结果学生很不适应，这说明教学方法是以文化为基础的，在一个国家取得成功的教学方法在另一个国家不一定奏效。（1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“TheideaistoseeiftheChinesemethodimprovesacademicperformance.”这个想法是为了看看中国的方法是否能提高学习成绩，可知，五名中国老师被派去教英国学生是为了检验中国教学方法的成效。故选D。（2）考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“

withChineseteacherscallingtheirstudentslazyandlackingindiscipline,whilethestudentssaythehighpressureandharshteachersaredrivingthemcrazy.”中国老师称他们的学生懒惰和缺乏纪律，而学生则说压力太大和严厉的老师让他们发狂。由此可知，划线词意为“严厉的”。故选A。（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“TheChineseteachingmethodsaredesignedtostrictlytrainthemajority.Foreignteachingmethods,however,aremorenaturalandrelaxing,anddesignedtoinspirestudents'interestinlearning.Educationmethodsarebasedonculture.”可知，杨东平认为，中国的教学方法侧重于严格要求，而英国的教学方法更为自然和轻松，旨在激发学生的学习兴趣，教学方法是以文化为基础的。由此可知，杨东平认为中国的教学方法有待改进。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。8．阅读理解

Parentswhohavebooksinthehomeincreasethelevelofeducationtheirchildrenwillattain(获得),whetherrichorpoor,accordingtoa20-yearstudyledbyMariahEvans.

Foryears,educatorshavethoughtthestrongestpredictor(预示物)ofattaininghighlevelsofeducationwashavingparentswhowerehighlyeducated.But,thestudyshowedthatthedifferencebetweenbeingraisedinabooklesshomecomparedtobeingraisedinahomewitha500-booklibraryhasasgreataneffectonthelevelofeducationachildwillattainasthedifferencebetweenhavingparentswhoarebarelyliterate(有文化的)andhavingparentswhohaveauniversityeducation.

Beingasociologist,Evanswasparticularlyinterestedtofindthatchildrenofless-educatedparentsbenefitthemostfromhavingbooksinthehome.Whatkindsofinvestmentsshouldwemaketohelpthesekidsgetahead?Theresultsofthisstudyindicatethatgettingsomebooksintotheirhomesisaninexpensivewaythatwecanhelpthesechildrensucceed.Evanssaid,"Evenalittlebitgoesalongway.Havingasfewas20booksinthehomestillhasasignificantimpactonmotivatingachildtoahigherlevelofeducation,andthemorebooksyouadd,thegreaterbenefitthechildrenget."

Theresearcherswerestruckbythestrongeffecthavingbooksinthehomehadonchildren'seducationalattainmentevenaboveandbeyondsuchfactorsaseducationleveloftheparents,thefather'soccupationortheeconomiclevelofthecountry.

Havingbooksinthehomeistwiceasimportantasthefather'seducationlevel,andmoreimportantthanwhetherachildwasbroughtupinadevelopingcountryoradevelopedcountry.Surprisingly,thedifferenceineducationalattainmentforchildrenborninadevelopedcountryandchildrenborninadevelopingcountrywasjust2years,lessthantwo-thirdsoftheeffectthathaving500ormorebooksinthehomehadonchildren.（1）Inthepasteducatorsheldapointofviewthat______.A.

childrenwhosefamilyhadalibrarywouldpossibly