课时13.八年级下册　Units 7～8-2023中考英语四轮总复习（人教新目标版）（教师版）

课时13.八年级下册Units7～8学习目标：1.单词背默2.词汇拓展3.短语背默4.句型背默5.高频考点突破6.高频话题写作指导单词背默1.平方；正方形(n.)________2．米；公尺(n.)________3．沙漠(n.)________4．人口；人口数量(n.)________5．亚洲(n.)________6．墙(n.)________7．古代的；古老的(adj.)________8．厚的；浓的(adj.)________9．条件；状况(n.)________10．力；力量(n.)________11．自然界；大自然(n.)________12．大海；海洋(n.)________13．出生；诞生(n.)________14．成年的；成年人的(adj.)成人；成年动物(n.)________15．竹子(n.)________16．研究；调查(n.&v.)________17．饲养员；保管人(n.)________18.醒着的(adj.)________19．野生的(adj.)________20．政府；内阁(n.)________21．巨大的；极多的(adj.)________22．珠宝；财富(n.)________23．岛(n.)________24．匆忙；赶快(v.)________25．迹象；记号；分数(n.)做记号；打分(v.)________26．朝；向；对着(prep.)________27．小说(n.)________28．科技；工艺(n.)________29．永远(adv.)________30．在国外；到国外(adv.)________31．现代的；当代的(adj.)________32．属于；归属(v.)________33．笑；笑声(n.)________34．唱片；记录(n.)录制；录(音)(v.)________35．行；排(n.)________词汇拓展1.deep(adj.)深的；纵深的→________(adv.)深深地2．tour(n.&v.)旅行；旅游→________(n.)旅行者；观光者3．protect(v.)保护；防护→________(n.)保护；保卫4．wide(adj.)宽的；宽阔的→________(adv.)广泛地5．achieve(v.)成就；实现→________(n.)成就；成绩6．include(v.)包括；包含→________(prep.)包括7．weigh(v.)重量是……；称……的重量→________(n.)重量8．danger(n.)危险→________(adj.)濒危的→________(adj.)危险的9．excite(v.)激动；使……兴奋→________(n.)激动；兴奋10．success(n.)成功→________(v.)成功→________(adj.)成功的11．introduce(v.)介绍；引见→________(n.)介绍12．south(n.)南方；南部→________(adj.)南方的13．high(adj.)高的→________(比较级)→________(最高级)→________(n.)高度14．wake(v.)唤醒→________(过去式)→________(过去分词)→________(adj.)醒着的短语背默1.(可以)随便(做某事)____________2．就我所知____________3．吸入；吞入(体内)____________4．面对(问题、困难等)____________5．即使；虽然____________6．出生时____________7．到达(某数量、程度等)；至多有；不多于____________8．走路时撞着____________,9.绊倒____________10．大约____________11．满是……的；(有)大量的；(有)丰富的____________12．赶快；急忙(做某事)____________13．自从____________14．属于____________15．互相____________16．迷路____________句型背默1.What's________________mountainintheworld？世界上最高的山是哪一座？2．________________isQomolangma？珠穆朗玛峰有多高？3．It'shigher________________________mountain.它比其他任何山峰都要高。4．DidyouknowthatChinais________________________________countriesintheworld？你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一吗？5．—________TinareadTreasureIslandyet？蒂娜读过《金银岛》吗？—Yes,she________．/No,she________．是的，她读过。/没有，她没读过。6．WhenSarahwasateenager,sheusedto________________almosteverythingwithherfamily.当萨拉还是青少年时，她常常与她的家人几乎在一切事情上作对。7．She________________________howmuchsheactuallymissedallofthem.她逐渐意识到实际上她是多么想念他们所有的人。【答案】一．重点单词1．square2.meter3.desert4.population5.Asia6．wall7.ancient8.thick9.condition10.force11．nature12.ocean13.birth14.adult15.bamboo16．research17.keeper18.awake19.wild20．government21.huge22.treasure23.island24．hurry25.mark26.towards27.fiction28．technology29.forever30.abroad31.modern32．belong33.laughter34.record35.line二．词形百变1．tection4.widely5．achievement6.including7.weight8．endangereddangerous9.excitement10．roduction12．southern13.higherheighthighest14．wokewokenawake三．核心短语1．feelfree2.asfarasIknow3.takein4．inthefaceof5.eventhough6.atbirth7.upto8．walkinto9.fallover10.orso11.fullof12．hurryup13.eversince14.belongto15．oneanother16.belost四．核心句型1．thehighest2.Howhigh3.thananyother4．oneoftheoldest5.Hashashasn't6．fightover7.cametorealize高频考点突破考点1Chinahasthebiggestpopulationintheworld.中国拥有全世界最多的人口。(1)populationn．，意为“人口；人口数量”，作主语时谓语动词要用单数形式。当其前面有分数或百分数等数词修饰时，表示整体中的一部分，谓语动词用复数形式。(2)询问人口数量时要用“What'sthepopulationof...？”提问。表示人口“多”可用large或big；表示人口“少”用small。(3)thepopulationof＋某地＋be＋数词＝某地＋hasapopulationof＋数词，意为“某地有……人口”。考点2Themainreasonwastoprotecttheirpartofthecountry主要原因是保护国家的领地不受侵犯。考点3Whydosomanypeopletrytoclimbthismountaineventhoughitisdangerous?尽管攀登这座山很危险，为什么还有那么多人去攀登呢？(1)evenif引导的从句往往是假设性的，相当于汉语的“即使”“纵然”“就算”“哪怕”。(2)eventhough引导的从句内容往往是真实的，主要用于引出不利用于主句情况的信息，相当于汉语的“尽管”“虽然”。考点4Thebabiesoftendiefromillnessesanddonotliveverylong.那些熊猫宝宝往往死于疾病，寿命不长。diefrom指死于外部原因，如事故等。若死于劳累、饥寒等，则两者皆可。dieof指死于疾病、衰老等自身原因。(1)diefor＝devoteone'slifeto“为……而献身”。(2)“die＋形容词”表示死时的状况。dieyoung“年纪轻轻就去世了”；diehappy“死时很幸福”。考点5Youshouldhurryup.你应当快一点。随堂练习1．HainanProvinceisinthe________(south)partofChina.2．Iamlookingforwardtoalongand________(success)partnershipwithhim.3．Theworld's________(high)glassbottombridgewasopenearly2017inZhangjiajie.4．Iwas________(deep)movedbythestorywhichourteacherhadtoldus.5．Everyyearthousandsof________(tour)comeheretoenjoythedeliciousfood.6．WiththespreadofChineseculture,Chineseis________(wide)usedintheworld.7．YuanLongpingisagreatscientistwhohasmadealotof________(achieve)inriceplanting.8．Ifyouwanttolose________(weigh),youshoulddoitbyexercisinginsteadofdieting.9．Thingswentfrombadtoworst.Thelongerpeoplewaitedforhelp,the________(danger)thesituationbecome.10．Onthefirstdayofournewschool,ourteacheraskedustomakean________(introduce)aboutourselves.【答案】1.southern2.successful3.highest4.deeply5．tourists6.widely7.achievements8．weight9.moreroduction随堂精练一．单项选择1．MyteacherAmyisabeautifulladyandlooksmuch________thanheragebecauseshedoesexercisealot.A．nice B．energeticC．younger D．older【答案】Cmuch后跟比较级，意为“……得多”。故选C。2．—TheTVistoonoisy.________，please.—Allright.I'lldoit.A．Turniton B．TurnitoutC．Turnitup D．Turnitdown【答案】Dturnon“打开”；turnout“结果是；证明是”；turnup“调大；把……开大”；turndown“调小；把……关小”。由句意“电视太吵了”可知D项正确。3．—Anewlibrary________inourschoollastyear.—Howgreatitis!Youcanlearnalotfromit.A．built B．wasbuiltC．isbuilt D．willbebuilt【答案】B根据lastyear可知此处用一般过去时，主语anewlibrary和谓语build之间是被动关系，要用被动语态，故选B。4．You________betiredafterwalkingalongway.Gotobedearliertonight.A．need B．mustC．needn't D．mustn't【答案】B句意：走了那么长的路你肯定累了。晚上早点休息。根据句意可知此处表肯定推测，要用must。故选B。5．Everyyear,________booksaredonatedtothechildreninpoorareas.A．million B．millionsC．millionsof D．millionof【答案】Cmillionsof，固定短语，表示“数百万”，修饰名词复数形式。故选C。6．—WhendidtheGreenscometoChina?—They________Chinaforsevenyears.A．havecometo B．havebeentoC．havecomein D．havebeenin【答案】D关键词forsevenyears提示谓语动词为可延续状态，此处意为“在中国已经待了7年了”，故选D。7．—WhataboutgoingtoGuotaiArtsCentertowatchTheWizardofOZ(《绿野仙踪》)thisweekend?—Oh,I________ittwice.Idon'twanttowatchitathirdtime.A．see B．sawC．willsee D．haveseen【答案】D由语境“Idon'twanttowatchitathirdtime”可知，此处表述“我已经看过两次”，指过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响，应用现在完成时。故选D。8．IfyoushoponlineonDoubleEleventhDay,youmaybuywhatyoulikeatthe________priceofayear.A．cheap B．lowC．cheapest D．lowest【答案】D修饰价格用low而不用cheap；由“双11购物节”可推知“价格为全年最低”。故选D。9．—Whodoyouknowwasthewinnerofthe21stWorldCupinRussia?—Iguessthegoldmedal________Germany.A．belongedto B．tookupC．madeup D．stuckto【答案】A问句提到“谁是获胜者”，而答语用“金牌属于……”来作答。故选A。10．Whengoingupstairsordownstairs,weneedtowalkontheright,leavingtheleftspaceforthepeoplewho________.A．hurryup B．lookaround C．runaway D．hurrydown【答案】A根据常识可知，上下楼靠右走是为了把左侧留出空让着急上下楼的人快速通过，hurrydown仅表示“快速下楼”，而短语hurryup则表示“急促地(上楼、下楼、赶路)”等意义。故选A。二．阅读理解AIntoday'sworldofmodernscienceandmedicine,amoretraditionaltreatmentisonceagainbecomingpopular—animalfriendship.Itisnowwell－knownthatpeoplewithproblemssuchasheartdiseaseorcancerlivelongerandgetbettermorequicklyiftheyhavepets.Keepingpetsreducesbloodpressureandmakespeoplelessworried.Animalsareincreasinglyimportantintreatingolderpeoplewhohavememorylossandotherbrainproblems.Thesepeopleoftenfeelnervousandupset.Activitieswithanimalshelpthemimprovetheirphysicalconditionandalsogivethemjoy,amusementandcaringfriendship.Hereisacasethatshowsthebenefitsofanimals.Johnwasasix­year­oldmute.Hehadnophysicalproblems.Hejustrefusedtotalk.Hisoldercousin,Ned,hadaparrot(鹦鹉)calledSally,andJohnusedtovisitit.Whenhearrived,Nedusedtosay,“Hi,John！”Weallknowparrotscopywhattheyhear.Afterafewvisits,Sallybegansaying“Hi,John！”whenJohncameintotheroom.Then,oneday,Johnturnedtotheparrotandreplied“Hi,Sally！”StayingwiththeparrotencouragedJohntobegintalking.Anotheruseofanimalhelpersisinschools.Insomecases,animalsareusedtohelpchildrenwithphysicalorpersonalproblems.Inothercases,theyareusedtoteachchildrentogetonwellandsharewithothers,andeventoteachthemaboutanimals.Ifyouwanttoknowmoreaboutanimalhelperprograms,youcangetintouchwithorganizationslikeRidingfortheDisabledordoasearchunder“animaltherapy”ontheInternet.Youdon'thavetobeananimaltraineroradoctortojoinin.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了再次变得流行的一种更传统的治疗——动物疗法。和动物之间的互动活动可以改善人们的身体状况，也能给他们带来快乐、愉悦和关爱的友谊。1．WhichisNOTmentionedasanillnessthatanimalscanhelpwith?A．Fever. B．Cancer.C．Heartdisease. D．Bloodpressure.【答案】A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“suchasheartdiseaseorcancer”以及“Keepingpetsreducesbloodpressure”可知没有提到Fever，故选A。2．Theunderlinedword“mute”inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto“________”．A．apersonwhospeaksslowlyB．apersonwhodoesnotspeakC．apersonwhocannothearD．apersonwhoenjoystalking【答案】B词义猜测题。根据画线词所在的段落的第四句话“Hejustrefusedtotalk.”可知mute的意思是apersonwhodoesnotspeak，故选B。3．Howcananimalshelpschoolchildrenaccordingtothepassage?A．Theycanmakechildrenmorepopular.B．Theycanimprovechildren'smemory.C．Theycanincreasechildren'sbloodpressure.D．Theycanteachchildrenthevalueofsharing.【答案】D细节理解题。由第四段最后一句中的“Inothercases,theyareusedtoteachchildrentogetonwellandsharewithothers”可知，动物可以教会孩子们分享。4．Whichofthefollowingshowstheorganizationofthepassage?(①＝Para.(自然段)1②＝Para.2③＝Para.3④＝Para.4⑤＝Para.5)A．①；②；③；④；⑤ B．①②；③④；⑤C．①②；③；④⑤ D．①；②③；④⑤【答案】B推理判断题。此题为篇章结构题，文章第一段引出话题，第二段综合叙述了动物疗法对于各种疾病的作用；第三、四段援引了具体的例子来进行详细说明；第五段提及如何参与和了解相关信息。故选B。BPaulNicklenwaitedpatientlyonapieceoficeintheArctic(北极).HewastheretotakepicturesforNationalGeography.Finally,hesawsomethingbigandwhite.Itwasapolarbear,swimmingtowardshimintheicywater.Paullaydownontheicetogetabetterphoto,butthepolarbearjumpedoutofthewaterandtriedtoattack(攻击)him！LuckilyforPaul,theicecracked,orbroke,andthebearfellbackintothewater.Thepolarbearwasn'tsolucky.Itcouldn'tgetamealandhadtoswimfartherawaytofindfood.Tounderstandthepolarbear'sproblem,youneedtoknowtwothingsabouttheArctic.First,theArcticismostlyocean.Second,icecoversalotoftheArcticOcean.Inwinter,theiceforms(组成)athick,whitesheet,butinsummer,theicebecomesthinnerandbreaksintopieces.Seaiceisthekeytosurvival(生存)forArcticanimals.However,becauseofglobalwarming,Arctictemperaturesarerisingandpolariceismelting.Polarbearsneedicetohuntseals(海豹),theirfavoritemeal.Theystandontheiceandwaitforthesealstocomeupforair.AsArcticicemelts,polarbearshavetoswimfarthertofindicefloes(冰川),orlargepiecesoffloatingice.Sometimes,bearshavetoswimmorethan200kmtofindicefloe.Somebearscannotswimthatfarandsadly,theydrown(淹死)．Onhislasttrip,PaulNicklensawthreedeadbodiesofpolarbears.Beforeglobal(全球的)warmingthreatenedArcticice,adeadbearwasarare(罕见的)sight.Paulissadtoseethedeadbodies.Wildlifeexperts(专家)thinkglobalwarmingwillhaveaterribleinfluenceonpolarbears.Inthefuture，polaricewillcontinuetoshrink(缩小)andendangerthebears.Somescientistsbelieve65percentoftheworld'spolarbearswilldisappearby2050.Inotherwords,polarbearsareingreatdanger.篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了在全球变暖的情况下，北极熊的生存现状。5．Accordingtothepassage,polarbearshuntsealsby________.A．waitingontheiceB．waitinginthewaterC．drowningthesealsD．fightingwiththeseals【答案】A细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Theystandontheiceandwaitforthesealstocomeupforair.”可知，它们站在冰上等待海豹出来呼吸时发起攻击。6．Theunderlinedwordmeltinginthethirdparagraphmeans“________”inChinese.A．融化 B．冰冻C．结冰 D．加厚【答案】A词义猜测题。由画线词所在句中的“becauseofglobalwarming,Arctictemperaturesarerising”可推知，由于全球升温，极地的冰层正在慢慢融化。7．Wecaninfer(推测)thatpolarbears________.A．won'thaveanyfoodB．willalldiebefore2050C．cannotfindfoodeasilyD．don'tliketoswim【答案】C推理判断题。由倒数第二段可知，由于地球变暖，北极熊不能很容易地找到食物。8．Ifweputthepassageintothreeparts,whichofthefollowingisthebest?A．①；②③④；⑤ B．①②；③④；⑤C．①②；③；④⑤ D．①；②③；④⑤【答案】B推理判断题。文章第一、二段主要讲述了这个摄影记者在北极拍摄照片时一次偶遇北极熊但最后脱险的经历；第三、四段主要揭示了在全球变暖的情况下，北极熊生存环境的现状；第五段以这名记者的亲身经历，结合专家的预测，阐明北极熊未来面临的严峻生存挑战。三．短文填空MostofuslikewatchingTV.Ithasagreatinfluenceonourlivesanditisoneofthemostimportant__1__ofgettinginformation.Wespendpartofourfreetime__2__TV.Usuallywecanlearnalotfromit.JustthinkofwhatweseeonTV—news,movies,sportsshows,advertisementsandsoon.Theyhaveincreasedour__3__andchangedthewaywelearnabouttheworldtoday.Butbesidestheseadvantages,it__4__hassomedisadvantages.Foradults(成人),sometimestheywatchTVtoolong.Theyalwaysstayintheroom,faraway__5__outdooractivities.Theyspendlittletimedoingsports.Ifthesituationgoeson,manyadultswillbecomeweak.Soit's__6__forthemtocontrolthetimeofwatchingTV.Instead,they'dbettergoouttoenjoydifferentkindsofsports.Forchildren,__7__someprogramsonTVaregood,therearestillsomeshowsthatarenotproperforthem.NoteverythingonTVhasagoodinfluence.Maybechildrencan'tchangewhatisonTV,buttheycan__8__whattheywatch.Isthatright?篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了看电视对成人和儿童的有利和不利之处。【答案】1．ways句意：看电视对我们的生活有很大的影响，而且它是获得信息的最重要途径之一。根据句意可知此处指“方式；途径”，oneof＋复数名词表示“……之一”。故填ways。2．watching/on此处指用在看电视上，也可以指用在电视上。spendone'stime后面可以跟doing，表示“花费某人……时间做某事”；spendone'stimeonsth.表示“把时间花在……上”，故填watching/on。3．knowledge由第3空后的“Butbesidestheseadvantages”可知此处表述看电视的优点之一，应为“增长了知识”。故填knowledge。4．also