2022届山东省泰安市新泰第一中学东校高三上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）（不含听力音频）

PAGE新泰一中东校高三上学期期中检测英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wherewillthespeakersmeetthewoman’smother?A.Atthefarmhouse.B.Attherestaurant.C.Atthehotelbar.2.Whatisthemantryingtodo?A.Sitdown.B.Buyachair.C.Takeaseatback.3.Howcanwebestdescribethewoman?A.She’sahard-workingbuildingmanager.B.She’sahelpfulmemberofthecommunity.C.She’sagoodworkerforamovingcompany.4.Whatdoesthemansayabouttheboss?A.Heistall.B.Heiskind.C.Heischildlike.5.WhathasPeterbeendoingtoannoyWendy?A.Studyinglateatnight.B.Usingupallthemilk.C.Leavingthemilkout.第二节。听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Onagameshow.B.Inaspaceship.C.Inabank.7.Whowasthefirstwomaninspace?A.AnnaEdison.B.SallyK.Ride.C.ValentinaTereshkova.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fatheranddaughter.B.Playerandcoach.C.Performerandaudience.9.Whatdoestheaudiencewantaccordingtotheman?A.Toseeagoodshow.B.Toseethewoman’sopponentwin.C.Toseethewomanbecomethechampion.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhydoesLisawantthenewjob?A.Itpaysmoremoney.B.Itoffershercareeradvancement.C.Itwillbeeasyasshe’sdoneitbefore.11.HowdidLisafindoutaboutthejob?A.Fromanadvertisement.B.Fromaco-worker.C.Fromsomeonewhoworksthere.12.HowmanychildrendoesLisahave?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Fightingfires.B.Detectingfires.C.Usingfires.14.HowmanyfiresdidCaliforniahavein2020?A.Around50.B.About400.C.Over8600.15.Whatsizeoffirecanthenewsatellitesdiscover?A.Sizeofacar.B.Sizeofaplane.C.Sizeofasportsfield.16.Whatisthewoman’smainconcern?A.Savinganimals.B.Savingthetrees.C.Savinghumans.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhywasMistyworriedaboutMatthewmeetingFatherChristmas?A.Hewastooexcited.B.Hehashealthproblems.C.Heisafraidofstrangers.18.WhatcausedMatthew’sblindness?A.Thathehadanaccident.B.Thathewasborntooearly.C.Thathehadaterriblefever.19.Whichoneofthedoctor’sjudgmentsturnedtobewrong?A.ThatMatthewhadlearningdifficulties.B.ThatMatthewwasunabletowalk.C.ThatMatthewcouldn’ttalk.20.HowdidMatthewfeelwhenhemetFatherChristmas?A.Relieved.B.Confused.C.Delighted.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。ANotallwalksneedbeaforcedmarch.Hereare4ofBritain'sgentlestroutes,bothurbantrailsandcountrysidemeanderings（曲径）.TheGrandUnionCanal,BirminghamStartPoint:TheBordesleyCentreTheoriginalGrandUnionCanalrunsfor137miles,takingyouthroughanindustrialareatodiscoverthehiddenworldofcanals,withnarrowboats,wildlifeandfishermen.Alongthecanal,lookoutforwildflowersandbirdlife,andnarrowboatsnegotiatingthelocks.Thewalkcanbeextendedalongthecanalateitherendtomakeitflexibleinlength.WarleyWoodsKeswickStartpoint:KeswickYouthHostelStartinginthecentreofKeswick,thiswalktakesyouupthroughCastleheadWood,theperfectplaceforawoodlandadventure,andtoawonderfulviewpointoverDerwentwaterandthesurroundingmountains.TheroutethentakesyoudowntothelakeshoreandreturnsacrossCrowParktothemarketsquare.Chester-le-Street,CountyDurhamStartpoint:Chester-le-StreetAmateurRowingClubAlovelyriversidewalkalongthebanksoftheRiverWear,throughRiversideParkandpastDurhamcountyfootballclub.Thecircularroutefollowsacurveintheriver,meaningyou'llhavebeautifulviewsalongtheway.Watchtherowersontheriverorstopintheparktofeedtheswansandducks.Thiswalkiswheelchair-friendly.HathersageFlowerMeadows（草地），DerbyshireStartpoint:HathersageRailwayStationThereareattractiveviewstobeappreciatedthroughoutthisscenicwalkandtwositesofprotectedmeadowofferarealtreattosummertimewalkers.Fansoftheworksofgreatmasters,likeCharlotteBronte,willenjoyspottingseveralplacesthatarecloselyassociatedwiththeauthors.1.WhatcanyoudoinWarleyWoods?A.Enjoymountainscenery.B.Walkalongthecanal.C.Goboatingonthelake.D.Doshoppinginthepark.2.WhatisspecialaboutChester-le-Street?A.Itisattractivetoshoppers.B.Itisavailabletothedisabled.C.Itisfriendlytoforeigntourists.D.Itispopularwithfootballfans.3.Whichplacedoliteratureloversprefer?A.TheGrandUnionCanal.B.WarleyWoods.C.Chester-le-Street.DHathersageFlowerMeadows.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文，介绍了四条在英国适合散步的路线。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据WarleyWoods,Keswick部分的“andtoawonderfulviewpointoverDerwentwaterandthesurroundingmountains.”（并在Derwentwater和周围的山脉上欣赏美妙的景色。）可知，人们在WarleyWoods可以欣赏到周围的山景。故选A。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据“Chester-le-Street,CountyDurham”部分的“Thiswalkiswheelchair-friendly.”（这条道方便轮椅）可知，人们可使用轮椅在Chester-le-Street通行。由此推知，这条线路的特别之处是残疾人可以选择这条散步路线。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最HathersageFlowerMeadows（草地），Derbyshire部分的“Fansoftheworksofgreatmasters,likeCharlotteBronte,willenjoyspottingseveralplacesthatarecloselyassociatedwiththeauthors.”（像夏洛蒂·勃朗特(CharlotteBronte)这样的大师作品的粉丝，会很高兴地发现几个与作者密切相关的地方。）可知，HathersageFlowerMeadow的散步路线上有很多与文学巨匠相关的地方，由此可知，这条路线特别适合文学爱好者散步。故选D。BAsmyhusbandandIdrovedownacountryroad,wepassedafirestationwithasignthatread,"Areyoureadyforthenextstorm?”OurareahadjustbeeninthepathofHurricaneIrma,causingdownedtreesandoutages.Wewerestuckinthedarkandcutofffromtheoutsideworld.Wehavehadourshareofstormsinthepast--asnowstormandotherheavysnowsthatknockeddowntrees,sometimesuptoaweekatatime.Thosedaysinacoldhouseweren'tfun,butwelearnedsomuchfromthoseearlystorms,thingsthatmadelaterstormseasiertobear.Nowwehavestoredupflashlights,lanternsandcandles.Weboughtabattery-operatedradiotokeepupwiththenews.Westockeduponbatteriessothatwe'dhaveplentyforextendedpowerfailures.Wemakesureourgrill（烤架）isreadyanditstankisfull,andwepurchasefoodthatcanbeeasilypreparedandthencookedorheatedonthegrill.Andwedon'tforgettobuyemergencychocolate!Wehavebooklightstoreadinthedark.Wekeepourcargastanksfullandhaveemergencycashonhand.We'rereadyforthenextstorm,butwewouldn'thavelearnedtodoallthosethingsifwehadn'tencounteredastorminthepast.Thesameistruespiritually.Thoselittlestormsinourlivesareneverfun,buttheyprepareusforthebigstorms--thebigtrials--thatwillcomeourway,Theycanteachussomevaluablelessons.Areyoureadyforthenextstorm?Nowisthetimetogetready...notwhenthestormarrives.4.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword"outages”inparagraph1?A.weatherchangeB.virus'spreadingC.powerfailureD.emotionalreaction5.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Thelessonsthatstormscanteachus.B.Theimportanceofbeingreadyforstorms.C.Thenecessitiestheauthorboughtforherdailylife.D.Thepreparationstheauthormadeforthenextstorm.6.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofexperiencingthepaststorms?A.Itwasrewarding.B.Itwasannoying.C.Itwasthrilling.D.Itwasfrightening.7.Whatcanwelearnfromtheauthor'sstory?A.Thingswillworkout.B.Keepsomethingforarainyday.C.Don'tstopregardlessoftheweather.D.Sunshinealwayscomesafterthestorm.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.B【解析】【分析】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者经历过暴风雨后就懂得要为下一次暴风雨做好准备。作者通过自身经历告诉我们要未雨绸缪，要为人生中出现的困境随时做好准备。【4题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词前一句提到“OurareahadjustbeeninthepathofHurricaneIrma，causingdownedtrees”，后一句提到“Wewerestuck…andcutofffromtheoutsideworld”作者和丈夫所在的地区刚刚受到飓风“厄玛”的袭击，causingdownedtrees导致树木倒下，他们被困，与外界失去联系。根据“cutofffromtheoutsideworld”可以猜测“outages”意思为“停电”。故选C。【5题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Nowwehavestoredupflashlights,lanternsandcandles.Weboughtabattery-operatedradiotokeepupwiththenews.Westockeduponbatteriessothatwe'dhaveplentyforextendedpowerfailures.Wemakesureourgrill（烤架）isreadyanditstankisfull,andwepurchasefoodthatcanbeeasilypreparedandthencookedorheatedonthegrill.Andwedon'tforgettobuyemergencychocolate!Wehavebooklightstoreadinthedark.Wekeepourcargastanksfullandhaveemergencycashonhand.”提到经历了以前的暴风雨之后，作者随时准备了照明用的东西、电池，还有烤架、食物,汽车油箱也加满了油,手头还有应急现金。可知，第三段主要讲述了作者为以后的暴风雨所做的准备。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。第四段中提到“butwewouldn'thavelearnedtodoallthosethingsifwehadn'tencounteredastorminthepast.”以及“Theycanteachussomevaluablelessons.”，作者认为如果以前没有经历过暴风雨，就不会学会做这些事情。以前经历的暴风雨教会了他们一些重要的东西。由此可以推断，作者认为曾经经历过的暴风雨对他们是有益的。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。作者最后一段提到“Nowisthetimetogetready...notwhenthestormarrives.”，作者认为现在要为以后的暴风雨做准备，而不是当暴风雨来临的时候才准备。由此可以推断，作者的故事告诉我们一定要未雨绸缪。故选B。COnatriptotheforestsofsouthernIndiaamateurphotographerKaushikVijayanwasshockedtoseesomemassiverodents（啮齿动物），whoaremaroon（紫褐色），leapingfromtreetoptotreetop.Vijayanuploadedtheimagesofthefour-poundrodentstoInstagram,andtheInternetwentcrazyimmediately.Somehadadifficulttimebelievingthatthesquirrels,photographedinthePathanamthittaDistrictofKerala,actuallyexist,thankstotheanimals'brightspotsofblackandmaroon.ButtheIndiangiant（巨大的）squirrel,alsoknownastheMalabargiantsquirrel,istherealdeal.Believeitornot,itisnotalone.Therearethreeothergiantsinthesquirrelfamily,Sciuridae-eachofwhichweighsinattwotothreetimesthesizeofthegraysquirrelsnativetotheeasternUnitedStates.＂Thefourspeciesthatmakeupthisgrouparefascinatingintheirlargesize,brilliantcoloration,andtendencyforfeedingonsomeofthemassivetropicalfruitsonthetrees,"saysKoprowski.Evenamongitsrelatives,theIndiangiantsquirrelstandsoutwithitsbrightcolors,whichmakesonewonderwhyitsevolutionwouldselectfur.Thatwouldcallsomuchattentiontoitself.Afterall,theseforestsarealsohometopredatorssuchaslion-tailedmacaques,leopards,andcrestedserpenteagles-allofwhichhavebeenknowntohuntrodents.Nooneknowsforsure,saysKoprowski,butthesquirrel'spurplepatternsmayserveasawaytohidetheanimalitself.Thisisbecausethebroadleafforeststhesesquirrelsinhabitcreateapatternofsunspotsandshadedareas-notunliketherodents'markings.Inotherwords,whatlooksflashyandfuntousinanInstagrampostmaymakethesquirrelsdisappearwhenhungrymouthscometohunt.Nowthat'sacommontrick.8.HowdidpeoplefeelafterseeingtheMalabargiantsquirrel'simages?A.Nervous. B.Incredible. C.Embarrassed. D.Sorrowful.9.WhatmakestheMalabargiantsquirreldifferentfromtherest?A.Itssize. B.Itshabitat. C.Itscolor. D.Itslifestyle.10.WhydoestheMalabargiantsquirrelhaveunusualfur?A.Toshowitselfoff.B.Toprotectitself.C.Todriveotheranimalsaway.D.Tocompetewithitscompanions.11.WhichofthefollowingmaybeapotentialthreattotheMalabargiantsquirrel?A.Humanbeings.B.Rodents'hunting.C.TheInstagrampost.D.Thebroadleafforests.【答案】8.B9.C10.B11.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。摄影家KaushikVijayan在印度发现了皮毛是紫褐色的巨型松鼠，这让很多网友都感到惊奇。经过研究之后，研究者认为是生活环境决定了它的身体特征。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“Somehadadifficulttimebelievingthatthesquirrels,photographedinthePathanamthittaDistrictofKerala,actuallyexist,thankstotheanimals'brightspotsofblackandmaroon.”（照片拍摄于喀拉拉邦的Pathanamthitta区，由于这些动物身上黑色和褐红色的亮点，有些人很难相信这些松鼠真的存在。）可知，一些人很难相信这种松鼠真实存在。由此可知，当人们看到它的图片时，应该是难以置信的。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“ButtheIndiangiantsquirrel,alsoknownastheMalabargiantsquirrel,istherealdeal.Believeitornot,itisnotalone.Therearethreeothergiantsinthesquirrelfamily,Sciuridae-eachofwhichweighsinattwotothreetimesthesizeofthegraysquirrelsnativetotheeasternUnitedStates.”（除了印度大松鼠，也被称为马拉巴尔大松鼠，是真正的大家伙。信不信由你，它并不孤单。松鼠家族中还有另外三种巨松鼠，它们的体重都是美国东部原生灰松鼠的两到三倍。）可知，除了这种紫褐色的巨型松鼠，还有三种体型巨大的松鼠，所以排除体型（size）。再根据第五段“Evenamongitsrelatives,theIndiangiantsquirrelstandsoutwithitsbrightcolors,whichmakesonewonderwhyitsevolutionwouldselectfur.”（即使在它的近亲中，印度大松鼠也以其鲜艳的颜色脱颖而出，这让人不禁要问，为什么它的进化会选择毛皮。）可知，这种新发现的松鼠和同类相比，它的皮毛的颜色最为突出。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Evenamongitsrelatives,theIndiangiantsquirrelstandsoutwithitsbrightcolors,whichmakesonewonderwhyitsevolutionwouldselectfur.”（即使在它的近亲中，印度大松鼠也以其鲜艳的颜色脱颖而出，这让人不禁要问，为什么它的进化会选择毛皮。）和第六段“Nooneknowsforsure,saysKoprowski,butthesquirrel'spurplepatternsmayserveasawaytohidetheanimalitself.”（Koprowski说，没有人知道确切的答案，但是松鼠身上的紫色图案可能是一种隐藏动物自身的方式。）可知，这种巨型松鼠的紫色皮毛是为了适应当地环境，从而能隐藏和保护自己。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Inotherwords,whatlooksflashyandfuntousinanInstagrampostmaymakethesquirrelsdisappearwhenhungrymouthscometohunt.Nowthat'sacommontrick.”（换句话说，在Instagram上看起来光鲜而有趣的东西，可能会让饥饿的松鼠在觅食时消失。这是一个常见的伎俩。）由此推出，人类是这些松鼠的潜在威胁。故选A。DChinasuccessfullysentthe52ndand53rdsatellitesofitsdomesticallydevelopedBeiDouNavigationSatelliteSystem（BDS）-thelasttwomediumEarthorbit（MEO）satellitesfortheBDS-3constellation（星座）－intospaceonMonday,markingthecompletionoftheglobalnavigationsystem'scoreconstellationdeployment（部署）andthisyear'sBDSsatellitelaunchcampaign.LaunchedfromXichangSatelliteLaunchCenter,SichuanProvince,onboardaLongMarch-3BcarrierrocketwithanExpedition-1upperstage,thetwosatelliteswereinjectedintoplannedorbitsaftermorethanthreehours'flight.SincethefirstBDS-3satellitewaslaunchedonNovember5,2017,Chinahasconducted18BDSsatellitelaunchmissions,successfullysending30intotheirplannedorbit,settinganationalrecordforhighestmissionfrequencyandsuccessrate.In-orbittestswillbecarriedoutbeforethetwoMEOsatellitesarecommissioned（正式委托）.BythenthecoreconstellationfortheChineseglobalnavigationsatellitesystemwillbesuccessfullycompleted.WangPing,chiefdesigneroftheBDS-3system,saidthatthehybridconstellationdesign,inwhichthreegroupsofsatellites-theInclinedGeoSynchronousOrbit（IGSO）,MEOandgeosynchronousEarthorbit（GEO）-workinconcertindifferentorbits,wasanexclusiveBDSinnovationandaworldfirst.“Existingglobalnavigationsatellitesystems,suchastheUSGPSandRussia'sGLONASS,onlyhaveaMEOsatelliteconstellation,”saidWang.TheMEOsatellites,inorbit20,000kilometersaboveEarth,areaspecialtypeofsatelliteprovidingglobalservice,whiletheIGSOandGEOsatellites,inanorbit360,000kilometersaboveEarth,mainlyenhanceregionalservicequality,accordingtoWang.ThatexplainedwhycompletionoftheMEOconstellationwassignificant,markingthecompletionofthecorenetworkforBDS-3,meaningastableBDS-3globalcoveragewithoutweakpointshasbeencarriedout.FeedbackshowsthattheBDSservicequalitywasalreadycomparabletoGPSsincetheendof2018,andaftercompletingBDS-3,“WewillbeasgoodasanyGNSS,”Wangsaid.12.HowmanyBDSsatellitesweresentintotheirplanned·orbitsuccessfully?A.3. B.5. C.18. D.30.13.What'stheadvantageofBDScomparedwithGPSandGLONASS?A.Theexcellentservicequality.B.Thediversefunctions.C.Thelowercostofdesigningit.D.Theabilitytoworkindifferentorbits.14.WhyaretheMEOsatellitesimportant?A.Theycanservetheworld.B.Theycanenterfartherorbits.C.Theycanavoidalltheweakpoints.D.Theycanbeputintouseimmediately.15.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.ExploringSpaceIsVeryImportanttotheWorldB.TheBDS-3SystemHasBenefitedManyCountriesC.TheCoreConstellationofBDS-3CompletesDeploymentD.ChinaBecomestheFirstCountrytoLaunchaMEOSatellite【答案】12.D13.D14.A15.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。中国成功发射了北斗三号全球卫星导航系统的两颗卫星，此举意义重大。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“SincethefirstBDS-3satellitewaslaunchedonNovember5,2017,Chinahasconducted18BDSsatellitelaunchmissions,successfullysending30intotheirplannedorbit,settinganationalrecordforhighestmissionfrequencyandsuccessrate.”（自2017年11月5日发射第一颗北斗三号卫星以来，中国已成功执行18次北斗卫星发射任务，将30颗卫星送入计划轨道，创全国发射频率和成功率最高纪录。）可知，中国自2017年来，已经成功地把30颗北斗导航卫星送入预定轨道。故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“WangPing,chiefdesigneroftheBDS-3system,saidthatthehybridconstellationdesign,inwhichthreegroupsofsatellites-theInclinedGeoSynchronousOrbit（IGSO）,MEOandgeosynchronousEarthorbit（GEO）-workinconcertindifferentorbits,wasanexclusiveBDSinnovationandaworldfirst.“Existingglobalnavigationsatellitesystems,suchastheUSGPSandRussia'sGLONASS,onlyhaveaMEOsatelliteconstellation,”saidWang.”（北斗三号系统总设计师王平表示，将倾斜地球同步轨道(IGSO)、中轨卫星(MEO)和地球同步轨道(Geo)三组卫星在不同轨道协同工作的混合星座设计，是北斗系统的独家创新，也是世界第一。王说:“现有的全球卫星导航系统，如美国的GPS和俄罗斯的GLONASS，只有中轨卫星(MEO)星座。”）可知，北斗卫星导航系统能够在倾斜地球同步轨道（IGSO）、中圆地球轨道（MEO）和地球静止轨道（GEO）同时运行，而美国的GPS导航系统和俄罗斯的GLONASS导航系统只能在中圆地球轨道运行。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段第一句“TheMEOsatellites,inorbit20,000kilometersaboveEarth,areaspecialtypeofsatelliteprovidingglobalservice,whiletheIGSOandGEOsatellites,inanorbit360,000kilometersaboveEarth,mainlyenhanceregionalservicequality,accordingtoWang.”（据王介绍，在地球上空2万公里轨道上运行MEO卫星是提供全球服务的特殊卫星类型，而在地球上空36万公里轨道上运行的IGSO和GEO卫星主要提高区域服务质量。）可知，中圆地球轨道卫星能够提供全球性的服务，所以它们非常重要。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Chinasuccessfullysentthe52ndand53rdsatellitesofitsdomesticallydevelopedBeiDouNavigationSatelliteSystem（BDS）-thelasttwomediumEarthorbit（MEO）satellitesfortheBDS-3constellation（星座）－intospaceonMonday,markingthecompletionoftheglobalnavigationsystem'scoreconstellationdeployment（部署）andthisyear'sBDSsatellitelaunchcampaign.”（本周一，我国自主研发的北斗导航卫星系统(BDS)的第52颗和第53颗卫星——BDS-3星座的最后两颗中地轨道(MEO)卫星——成功发射升空，标志着全球导航系统核心星座部署和今年的北斗卫星发射活动圆满完成。）可知，本文主要讲了中国成功发射了北斗三号全球卫星导航系统的两颗卫星，这标志着北斗三号全球卫星导航系统核心星座部署完成。所以短文的最佳标题为“北斗三号核心星座部署完成”。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。It'sthestartofanewyear,whenyourfitnessgoalsaresetandyouengageinthechallenge.___16___Theirstandardsof“toobig”arenotevenachievableintheirlifetime,letaloneafewmonthsoftraining,whichbringsmytips.Setrealisticgoals!Theprocessofbuildingmuscleisanabsolutelyslowonethatrequiresstrongwilltogain.Consistentlycausingproteinsynthesis（合成）inspecificmusclefiberswillallowmuscletodevelop.However,allindividualsarenotequalintheprocess.___17___Gainingmusclewillhappenquicklytoanewgym-goer,buttakealongtimeforsomeonethathasbeentrainingforyears.Sticktospecifictrainingforthegoalsyousettoachieve.___18___Thiswillrequireyoutorestrictthediet,anditwillpreventyougainingmuscle.Dietreflectsthetrainingload.Thetrainingreflectsyourgoals.It'slikeswimmingupstream,thinkstrong,fastandflexible.Ifyouarerunningamarathon,thegoalsaredifferentandtrainaccordingly!___19___Fathastakensometimetodevelop,soitwillnotbelostovernight.Allowthehormonaltriggers（生理诱因）inthebodytoworkmoreefficientlytoregulatevolumeoffood.Takingoutadditionalsugarsisoneofthemostimportantstepstoregulatevolumesoffoodtoswitchoffdesireforfood.Onceagoalisreached,donotgobacktowhatyoudidbefore.Whenpeoplefinishtheirtransformation,thehormoneprofileisveryweaktofatdeposition（沉积）。Everytrainingsessionshouldbeasteptowardalastingtransformation,withadietimprovingthelevelofexercise.___20___A.Don'ttrytoachievetoomuchatonce.B.Whydosofewpeopleseetheirgoalsthrough?C.Giveyourselfarealistictimelinewhenitcomestofatloss.D.Keepingrunningslowlyleadstoverybigchangesovertime.E.Appreciatethatyouaretakingtimeforyourowndevelopment.F.Placerestrictionsonyourdietandfollowgoodfoodeatingpatterns.G.Also,itdependsonhowlongyouhavebeentrainingtoachievemusclegrowth.【答案】16.B17.G18.A19.C20.F【解析】【分析】本文是说明文，介绍了如何制定并实现你的健身目标。【16题详解】根据上文“It'sthestartofanewyear,whenyourfitnessgoalsaresetandyouengageinthechallenge.（新的一年开始，你设定健身目标并开始挑战）”及空格处下一句“Theirstandardsof“toobig”arenotevenachievableintheirlifetime,letaloneafewmonthsoftraining,whichbringsmytips.（他们过大的标准甚至一生都无法实现，更不用说几个月的训练了，这给我带来了提示。）”可知，此处说明人们制定健身计划，但是目标太宏大，以至于很少人能够实现他们的目标。因此推断B项“Whydosofewpeopleseetheirgoalsthrough?（为什么很少有人实现他们的目标呢？）”承接上文的制定健康目标，引出下文的不能实现的大目标。故选B。【17题详解】根据空格处上一句“Theprocessofbuildingmuscleisanabsolutelyslowonethatrequiresstrongwilltogain.”可知，锻炼肌肉的过程是一个绝对缓慢的过程，需要坚强的意志来获得。G项中的“musclegrowth.”与上文一致；下文“Gainingmusclewillhappenquicklytoanewgym-goer,buttakealongtimeforsomeonethathasbeentrainingforyears.”可知，健身房新来的锻炼者很快会有肌肉，但是对于已经接受多年训练的人来说，则需要很长时间。因此推断肌肉训练因人而异。因此推断G项“Also,itdependsonhowlongyouhavebeentrainingtoachievemusclegrowth.（另外，这取决于你增长肌肉所需要训练的时间）”承上启下，且“howlong”与下句“foryears”呼应。故选G。【18题详解】根据主题句“Sticktospecifictrainingforthegoalsyousettoachieve.（要坚持你设定的目标。）”可知，本段说明要坚持自己设定的目标；下文“Ifyouarerunningamarathon,thegoalsaredifferentandtrainaccordingly!（如果你要参加马拉松训练，目标将有所不同，并进行相应的训练。）”说明不同的目标有不同的训练，不能同时设定多个目标，因为所需要的训练不同。因此推断不要指望一下子完成多个目标。A项“Don'ttrytoachievetoomuchatonce.（不要指望一下子就能实现）”符合语境。故选A。【19题详解】分析可知，空格处为段落标题。根据空格处下句“Fathastakensometimetodevelop,soitwillnotbelostovernight.”可知，脂肪的生成需要很长时间，因此减肥也并不可能一夜之间就能完成，因此推断要设定符合现实的目标。因此推断C项“Giveyourselfarealistictimelinewhenitcomestofatloss.（当提到减肥的时候，要给你自己设定一个符合现实的时间表）”为段落标题。故选C。【20题详解】根据上文“Everytrainingsessionshouldbeasteptowardalastingtransformation,withadietimprovingthelevelofexercise.(每次训练都应该是迈向持久转变的一步，通过节食可以改善运动水平。”训练时要节食。F项中的“restrictionsonyourdiet”F和“goodfoodeatingpatterns”与此处一致，因此推断F项“Placerestrictionsonyourdietandfollowgoodfoodeatingpatterns.（达到健身目标后要防止脂肪回弹，因此还需要控制饮食，遵循好的饮食习惯。）”符合语境，且F项中“diet”原词重现，与上文呼应。故选F。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。OnceIstartedworkingaftergraduatingfromWilfridLaurierUniversity,Idecidedtostayintheworkforceandgotoschoolpart-time.Ibeganmyjourneyasanadult___21___intheBusinessAdministrationprogramatWilfridLaurierUniversity.WhenI___22___fromLaurier,acolleagueintroducedmetotheCertifiedEmployeeBenefitSpecialist（CEBS）program,whichofferedaprofessionalcredential（凭证）relatedtomyfieldof___23___Thesedays,Ikeepmyindustryknowledge___24___throughreadingindustrypublications,___25___relativeconferencesandtakinganannualContinuingEducationcourse.Froma___26___interestperspective,I'vetakenmusiclessonsand___27___infirstaid,gardeningandwebsitedevelopment.Somemightcallmealearning___28___.Ihonestlycan'timagineatimewhenIwanttostoplearning.SometimespeopleaskmewhyI___29___totakecourseswhenIamgettingcloseto“retirement’’.WhenIlooktothe____30____,30yearsofsittingonthecouchwatchingNetflixisn'tthekindoflifeIwanttolive.Ineedareasontogetoutofbedinthemorning,andsomethingtokeepme____31____active.IamlookingatthePlainLanguageprogramasanopportunitytolearnanewskillthatwillnotonlymakeme____32____atmycurrentjob,butalsowill____33____someextraincomeonceIleavemyfull-timecareerbehind.Thedaysofbeingableto____34____educationafteruniversityarelonggone.So,continuouslearningwillbenecessarytokeepupwiththepaceof____35____21.A.designer B.teacher C.reporter D.learner22.A.heard B.inferred C.graduated D.suffered23.A.work B.training C.research D.education24.A.current B.known C.useful D.remarkable25.A.organizing B.attending C.recording D.confirming26.A.secret B.personal C.unique D.common27.A.choices B.measures C.courses D.responsibilities28.A.celebrity B.master C.consultant D.addict29.A.need B.agree C.continue D.refuse30.A.truth B.demand C.effect D.future31.A.financially B.physically C.mentally D.socially.32.A.better B.stronger C.braver D.firmer33.A.reduce B.generate C.reserve D.negotiate34.A.careabout B.leavebehind C.insiston D.showoff35.A.comment B.purchase C.production D.change【答案】21.D22.C23.A24.A25.B26.B27.C28.D29.C30.D31.C32.A33.B34.B35.D【解析】【分析】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自己一直坚持学习的故事告诉我们终生学习的必要性和重要性。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名成年学习者，我开始了自己的求学之旅，在劳里埃大学(WilfridLaurierUniversity)学习工商管理课程。A.designer设计师；B.teacher老师；C.reporter记者；D.learner学习者。作者从大学毕业后一边工作，一边学习。故选D项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我劳里埃大学毕业，同事介绍我去认证员工福利专家(CEBS)计划，该计划提供与我的工作领域相关的专业证书。此处考查“动词+from”搭配的短语辨析。A.heardfrom收到来信；B.inferredfrom从……中推断出；C.graduatedfrom毕业于；D.sufferedfrom遭受。作者从劳里埃大学学习完了工商管理课程后毕业。故选C项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我从劳里埃大学毕业，同事介绍我去认证员工福利专家(CEBS)计划，该计划提供了与我的工作领域相关的专业证书。A.work工作；B.training培训；C.research研究；D.education教育。根据“professional（职业的，专业的）”可知，证书是与工作有关的。故选A项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些天，我通过阅读行业刊物、参加相关会议和参加年度继续教育课程来保持对行业知识的了解。A.current当前的，最新的；B.known已知的；C.useful有用的；D.remarkable非凡的。此处是短语keep…current意思为“随时了解……”。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些天，我通过阅读行业刊物、参加相关会议和参加年度继续教育课程来保持对行业知识的了解。A.organizing组织；B.attending参加；C.recording录音；D.confirming确认。作者通过参加相关会议等途径来了解行业最新的知识。此处是短语attendtheconference意思为“参加会议”。故选B项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就个人兴趣而言，我上过音乐课，还有急救、园艺和网站开发方面的课程。A.secret秘密的；B.personal个人的；C.unique独特的；D.common普遍的。下文“music…firstaid,gardeningandwebsitedevelopment”都是作者个人感兴趣的方面。故选B项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就个人兴趣而言，我上过音乐课、急救、园艺和网站开发方面的课程。A.choices选择；B.measures测量；C.courses课程；D.responsibilities责任。

根据“musiclessons”可知，急救、园艺和网站开发都是作者发展个人兴趣的课程。故选C项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些人可能会说我是一个学习成瘾者。A.celebrity名人；B.master大师，高手；C.consultant顾问；D.addict痴迷者，上瘾的人。根据下一句“Ihonestlycan'timagineatimewhenIwanttostoplearning”作者不愿停止学习。由此可知，他痴迷于通过学习来不断提高自己。故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时人们会问我为什么快退休了还继续上课。A.need需要；B.agree同意；C.continue继续；D.refuse拒绝。作者不敢想象自己停止学习，因此不断地继续学习。故选C项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我展望未来，30年坐在沙发上看Netflix不是我想要的生活。A.truth真理；B.demand需求；C.effect影响；D.future未来。根据上文“Iamgettingcloseto‘retirement’”，作者想到未来退休后的生活，不想退休后就坐在沙发上看电视。故选D项。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我需要一个早上起床的理由，和一些让我精神活跃的东西。A.financially经济上；B.physically身体上；C.mentally精神上；D.socially社会上。根据背景知识，学习新的知识能够让人保持思维活跃。故选C项。32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我把这个简明语言计划看作是一个学习新技能的机会，这不仅会让我在目前的工作上做得