2022届山东省潍坊安丘市等三县高三上学期10月月考英语试题（解析版）（不含听力音频）

2022届山东省潍坊安丘市等三县高三上学期10月月考英语试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wheredoesthewomanwork?A.Inabank.B.Inapostoffice.C.Inaphotostudio.2.Whydoesthewomanrefusetojointhemanforlunch?A.Becauseofherjob.B.Becauseofherschedule.C.Becauseofherbodycondition.3.Whatistheman'sfathercrazyabout?A.Bakingbread.B.Takingphotos.C.Selectingpresents.4.Howdoesthemanfeelabouthisgeneration?A.Amazed.B.Confused.C.Sorry.5.Howmuchwillthewomanpayforherphone?A.￡125.B.￡150.C.￡500.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whoisthemanintheconversation?A.Thewoman'sfather.B.Thewoman'sfriend.C.Thewoman'steacher.7.Whenwillthewomanneedhercomputer?A.Tonight.B.Tomorrow.C.Friday.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Brotherandsister.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Employerandemployee.9.WhatdoesSarah'sfatherdoforaliving?A.Heisabanker.B.Heisaneconomist.C.Heisamathteacher.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Onaboat.B.Onaplane.C.Onabus.11.Whatdoesthemangivethewoman?A.Anorangehat.B.Alifejacket.C.Atorch.12.Howdoesthemansound?A.Scared.B.Rude.C.Humorous.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatisthewoman?A.Amarketingexpert.B.Acoverdesigner.C.Awritingassistant..14.Whatistheman'sbookabout?A.Himself.B.Thehistoryofacity.C.Foodaroundtheworld.15.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemanchangefirst?A.Thetitleofthebook.B.Thecoverofthebook.C.Thepriceofthebook.16.Whatisthepurposeoftheconversation?A.Tohelpthemancreatemorestories.B.Tohelpthemanresearchhisbook.C.Tohelpthemansellmorebooks.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Howmuchsnowfallisexpectedovertheweekendaltogether?A.12inches.B.20inches.C.26inches.18.Whatadvicehavethepoliceissued?A.Torunhotwaterregularly.B.Topackupitemsnecessary.C.Totravelonlyifitisessential.19.Whatdayoftheweekwillhavethelowesttemperature?A.Friday.B.Saturday.C.Sunday.20.Howcanpeoplegetmoreinformationaboutthesnowstorm?A.Bygoingonline.B.Bycallingthepolice.C.Bycontactingthespeaker.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ANexttothebenefitsofplayingandswimmingalldaylong,readingisprobablythemostimportantthingkidscandoinsummer.Herearesomegreatsummerreadingprogramsforkids.Sync:FreeSummerAudiobookProgramSynchasasummerreadingprogramjustforteensthatwillgivethemtwofreeaudiobookseachweekthissummer.Perfectforbothon-the-goandonthecouchreading.EachweektheyofferacurrentyoungadultbookaswellasaclassictitlethatteenswillbeabletodownloadforfreethroughtheSORA/OverDriveapp.ScholasticRead-a-PaloozaScholastichasasummerreadingchallengeinwhichkidsgoonlinetorecordtheminutesthey'vereadduringthesummer.Thisyear,kidscanmakenewfriends,earnvirtualrewardsandhelpunlockdonationsforkidswithlimitedornoaccesstobooks.Allyouneedtodoissignupandkeepa“readingstreak”inScholasticHomeBaseoverthesummer.HalfPriceBooksTheHalfPriceBookshostsgiftcardgiveawaysonsocialmediaforkidswhoreadforatleast300minutesduringthemonthsofJuneandJuly.Theprogramwebsitealsofeaturesprintablecoloringsheets,onlinestorytimesandmysterybookrecommendationsforagesrangingfrompreschooltoteens.ReadingIsFundamentalReadingIsFundamentalisthenation'slargestchildren'sliteracynon-profit.Itlistsacollectionoffreeebooksandinteractivematerialsonliteracy.ReadingIsFundamentalhastoolsforeveryleveltoraisereadingtonewheightsthissummerandbeyond.1.WhatcanteensdothroughSync?A.Choosetheirfavoritebooksfreely.B.Getsomefreeaudiobooksthissummer.C.Downloadtheirfavoriteclassicsforfree.D.Surfintheseaofbooksanywhereandanytime.2.Whichprogramwilldonatebookstokids?A.Sync:FreeSummerAudiobookProgram.B.ScholasticRead-a-Palooza.C.ReadingIsFundamental.D.HalfPriceBooks.3.WhatisthefeatureofReadingIsFundamental?A.Itisfreeofchargetogetbooksonliteracy.B.Itoffersgiftcardgiveawaysonsocialmedia.C.Itissuitableforkidsofdifferentreadinglevels.D.Itaimsatestablishingabaseofchildren'sliteracy.【答案】1.B2.B3.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个适合孩子的暑期阅读项目。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Sync:FreeSummerAudiobookProgram（Sync：免费夏季有声读物计划）”可知，青少年可以通过Sync在今年夏天获得一些免费的有声读物。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thisyear,kidscanmakenewfriends,earnvirtualrewardsandhelpunlockdonationsforkidswithlimitedornoaccesstobooks.（今年，孩子们可以结交新朋友，赚取虚拟奖励，并帮助捐书给那些无法获得书籍的孩子。）”可知，ScholasticRead-a-Palooza这个项目会给孩子们捐书。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“ReadingIsFundamentalhastoolsforeveryleveltoraisereadingtonewheightsthissummerandbeyond.（ReadingIsFundamental为各个层次的人提供了工具，让他们在今年夏天乃至以后的时间里把阅读提高到新的高度。）”可知，ReadingIsFundamental项目的特点是适合不同阅读水平的孩子。故选C。BDr.Josefinahasrecentlypublishedabook,VibrantatAnyAge,basedonherlifelongjourneyofself-improvement.Josefina,71,isgladshedidn'tthinkaboutheragewhenshetookupbodybuildingatage59.“Ireinventmyselfeverytenyears,andsoIstartedmy60sasabodybuilderandnowIbeginmy70sasawriter,”shesaid,“Peoplelimitthemselvesbyage,whichisveryfrustrating(沮丧).Ageisamindset.”Dr.Josefinastartedbodybuildingatanagewhenmostareconsideringretirement,thoughshewasanathletefromanearlyage.AsachildinVenezuelashetooktogymnasticsandlatergraduatedwithaphysicaleducationdegree.ShetaughtatLatinHighSchoolinCambridge,for16years,whileraisingtwodaughters.“IstartedbodybuildingwhenImetStevePfiester,agymguywhoknewIranandpracticedyoga.Heinvitedmetohisgymandofferedtotrainme”,shesaid.Dr.Josefina'sphotosareproofthatshespendslonghourstakingcareofherbody.Butshealsodevelopshermindandspirit.Onanygivenday,shegetsupat3:00amtoreadbooks.At4:30amshe'soutofthedoortowalkthreemilesandrunanotherthree.Thisisfollowedbyyogaandaswimatthebeachwhilethesunrises.Afterwritinginherjournalandworkingonherbookbetween8and10am,Dr.Josefinahitsthegymforatleasttwohours.Dr.Josefina'swaronageismhasrubbedoffonhertwodaughtersbothintheirearlythirties.“Theybothtakecareoftheirbodiesandminds.They'reveryproudofme.Ifyougivethemagoodfoundationasaparent,youknowthattheywillalwayscomebacktotheirroots.Itriedtoremindmyselfofthatduringtheirdifficultteenyears.”4.What'sDr.Josefina'sopiniononage?A.Ageisastateofmind. B.Agecan'tbehidden.C.Everyagehasitspainsandsorrows. D.Agedecidesyourcareer.5.WhatmadeDr.Josefinastartbodybuilding?A.Theneedofherjob. B.Herearlydream.C.Thedesiretobeawriter. D.StevePfiester'sinfluence.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeDr.Josefina'smorningschedule?A.Busy. B.Dull.C.Flexible. D.Controversial.7.WhatcanbeinferredaboutDr.Josefinafromthelastparagraph?A.Shewillreturntotheretirement.B.Shewillsetupafitnessfoundation.C.Sheoftenthinksofherteenageyears.D.Shesetsupanexampletoherdaughters.【答案】4.A5.D6.A7.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。71岁的Susan博士用自己的亲身经历证明：年龄不应该成为老年人追求美好生活的障碍。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Susan博士说的话“Peoplelimitthemselvesbyage,whichisveryfrustrating(沮丧).Ageisamindset.(人们限制自己的年龄,这是非常令人沮丧的。年龄是一种心态)”可知，她认为年龄只是一种心境。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“IstartedbodybuildingwhenImetStevePfiester,agymguywhopracticedyoga.(当我遇到史蒂夫·菲斯特(StevePfiester)时，我开始了健身生涯)”可知，Susan博士是在StevePfiester的影响下开始健身的。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Onanygivenday,shegetsupat3amtoreadbooks.At4:30amshe'souttowalkthreemilesandrunanotherthree.Thisisfollowedbyyogaandaswimatthebeachwhilethesunrises.Afterwritingherjournalandworkingonherbookbetween8and10am,shehitsthegymforatleasttwohours.(在任何一天，她都是凌晨3点起床读书。早上4:30，她出去走三英里，再跑三英里。然后是在太阳升起的时候在海滩上做瑜伽和游泳。在早上8点到10点之间写完日记和书之后，她会去健身房锻炼至少两个小时)”可推断，Susan博士每天上午把时间安排得非常紧凑：读书、健身、写作等都不耽误，她很忙碌。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“DrSusan'swaronageismhasrubbedoffonhertwodaughters,bothintheirearlythirties.(苏珊博士反对年龄歧视的斗争影响了她的两个女儿，她们都才三十出头)”和“Ifyougivethemagoodfoundationasaparent,youknowthattheywillalwayscomebacktotheirroots.Itriedtoremindmyselfofthatduringtheirdifficultteenyears.(如果作为父母，你给他们一个的良好基础，你知道他们总会回到他们的根。在他们艰难的青少年时期，我试图提醒自己这一点)”可推断，Susan博士为两个女儿树立了良好的榜样。故选D。CCanwevibrate(振动)ourselveshealthy?That’sthebasisbehindaformoftreatmentcalledWholeBodyVibration(WBV).Theideaissimple:Standingonavibratingplateforcesourmusclestodowork,whichcouldleadtocountlesshealthbenefits.But,despiteyearsofresearchandhundredsofstudies,thetruebenefitsofWBVarestillunclear.Ina2003study,researcherssawanincreaseinvertical(垂直的)jumpheightafterparticipantssimplystoodonavibratingplateseveraltimesaweekforeightmonths.Butshakingisnotafitnesspanacea.Astudyfoundthatsubjectswhodidlegexercisesonavibratingplatformfor11weekshadnoincreaseintheirjumpingability.OtherearlystudiesfoundnoeffectsofWBV.Morerecentworksuggestswholebodyvibrationcouldofferimportantbenefitstopeopleunabletoperformnormalworkouts.A2016ScientificReportsstudyof40peoplewithcerebralpalsy(脑瘫)foundthattheparticipantscouldbothwalkandstandupbetterafter20weeksofWBV.A2017studyintheJournalofBiomechanicsfoundthatwholebodyvibrationhadagreatereffectonolderpeople’smusclesthanitdidonthosewhowereyoungeranindicationthatitmightofferbenefitstoseniors.AnumberofresearchgroupshavefoundsomeindicationsthatWBVcouldhelpwithcardiovascularhealth,andagroupfromRiodeJaneiroStateUniversityhasshownitcouldhelpfightosteoporosis.Theseresultsareencouraging,saysSilmaraGusso,aseniorlecturerinexercisesciencesattheUniversityofAucklandinNewZealand,butmoreresearchisneeded.And,shewarns,noteverykindofvibrationishelpfultoourbodies,sothecommerciallyavailablevibrationplatesmaynotworkasadvertised.“Wecannotimplythattheresultsobtainedwithcertainequipmentcanbeappliedtootherequipment,”Gussosays.“Sometypesofvibrationmightevencauseharm.”8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“panacea”inparagraph2referto?A.Matter. B.Cure-all.C.Loss. D.Discovery.9.WhowillbenefitfromWBVmost?A.Aweakmanunabletorunnormally.B.Afitwomanhungryforslimmerbody.C.Anoldercitizensufferingfromdepression.D.Abusyyoungereagertoimprovejumpingability.10.WhichofthefollowingisSilmaraGusso’sidea?A.Shewantstodomoreresearches.B.Vibrationisnotbeneficialtoall.C.Vibrationhasmadeourbodyinbadcondition.D.Advertisedvibrationequipmentsarenoteffective.11.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetoWBV?A.Critical. B.Objective.C.Doubtful. D.Supportive.【答案】8.B9.A10.B11.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了WBV的治疗方法以及研究发现其疗效对部分人群可能有好处但仍然需要进一步的研究。【8题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段中“Butshakingisnotafitnesspanacea.Astudyfoundthatsubjectswhodidlegexercisesonavibratingplatformfor11weekshadnoincreaseintheirjumpingability.OtherearlystudiesfoundnoeffectsofWBV.(但振动并不是健身的panacea。一项研究发现，在振动平台上做腿部运动11周的受试者跳跃能力没有提高。其他早期研究发现WBV无效)”由转折词but和其他研究发现受试者跳跃能力没有提高，WBV无效等可知，振动不是灵丹妙药，包治百病，因此猜测划线词panacea指的是“灵丹妙药”。故选B项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Morerecentworksuggestswholebodyvibrationcouldofferimportantbenefitstopeopleunabletoperformnormalworkouts.A2016ScientificReportsstudyof40peoplewithcerebralpalsy(脑瘫)foundthattheparticipantscouldbothwalkandstandupbetterafter20weeksofWBV.

(最近的研究表明，全身振动可以为无法进行正常锻炼的人提供重要的好处。2016年《科学报告》(ScientificReports)对40名脑瘫患者进行的一项研究发现，经过20周的WBV后，参与者行走和站立都变得更好了)”可知，

一个虚弱的、不能正常地奔跑的人将从WBV中受益最多。故选A项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“And,shewarns,noteverykindofvibrationishelpfultoourbodies,sothecommerciallyavailablevibrationplatesmaynotworkasadvertised.(她还警告说，并不是每一种振动都对我们的身体有益，所以市面上可以买到的振动板可能不像广告上说的那样有效)”和最后一段中““Sometypesofvibrationmightevencauseharm.”(“有些类型的振动甚至可能会造成伤害。”)”可知，SilmaraGusso认为振动并非对所有人都有益。故选B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“But,despiteyearsofresearchandhundredsofstudies,thetruebenefitsofWBVarestillunclear.(但是，尽管多年的研究和数百项研究，WBV的真正益处仍然不清楚)”可知，作者对WBV持怀疑的态度。故选C项。DParentsandmathteachersregularlyaskedbytheirschool-agedchargeswhethermathmattersinreallifenowhaveananswer.InastudypublishedbytheNationalBureauofEconomicResearchthisweek,HarvardKennedySchoolPolicyProfessorJoshuaGoodmantookalookatwhathappenedtostudentswhosehighschoolwererequiredinthe1980stoincreasetheminimumlevelofcourseworkrequiredtograduate.Whathefoundisthatthestudentsweremorelikelytoincreasethenumberofmathcoursestheytookasaresultofthechangeinstandardsandthattranslatedintohigherearningsdowntheline.Putsimply:About15yearsaftertheygraduated,thehighschoolgraduateswhowenttoschoolwhenthesechangestookeffectsawtheiraverageearningsincreaseabout10%foreveryextrayearofmathcoursework.Thefindingsmayaddfueltothesteadydrumofeducationexperts,policymakersandotherscallingforanincreasedfocusonscienceandmatheducation.Theincreaseinrequiredmathcoursesdidn’tnecessarilyproducerocketscientists,Goodmannotes,becausetheextracourseworkwasn’tataparticularlyhighlevel.Butbecomingfamiliarwithandpracticingrelativelybasicmathskillsallowedhighschoolgraduatestopursueandexcelatjobsthatrequiredsomelevelofcomputationalknowledge,hesaid.Goodmanacknowledgedthattheearningsboostforthestudentsconnectedwiththeuptick(上升)inmatheducationmaybedependentonthestateoftheeconomy.WhenGoodmancheckedininthelate1990sandearly2000sontheearningsofthestudentswhograduatedinthelate1980s,hefoundthattheirearningsincreasedsignificantlyiftheytookmoremath.12.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph1?A.Toproposeadefinition. B.Toreachaconclusion.C.Topresentanargument. D.Tomakeacomparison.13.Howdoestheauthordemonstratehisfindinginparagraph3?A.Bylistingsomeexamples. B.Byreferringtosomedata.C.Byquotinganexpert'swords. D.Byanalyzingtheeducationalpolicy.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4?A.Betterlatethannever. B.Fortunefavorsthebrave.C.Skillhelpstopromoteexcellence. D.Thereisnoroyalroadtolearning.15.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MathmakesmoneyB.EffortsmattermostC.EarningsofdifferentgraduatesD.Thedevelopmentofhighschoolstudents【答案】12.C13.B14.C15.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了JoshuaGoodman的一项调查研究，发现学生学习更多的数学，他们的收入就会显著增加。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Parentsandmathteachersregularlyaskedbytheirschool-agedchargeswhethermathmattersinreallifenowhaveananswer.(学生家长和数学老师经常被问到数学在现实生活中是否重要，现在他们有了答案)”可知，第一段写作目的是提出“数学在现实生活中是否重要”这个论点。故选C项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Putsimply:About15yearsaftertheygraduated,thehighschoolgraduateswhowenttoschoolwhenthesechangestookeffectsawtheiraverageearningsincreaseabout10%foreveryextrayearofmathcoursework.(简而言之：在这些变化生效后的高中毕业生毕业约15年后，每多学一年数学课程，他们的平均收入就会增加约10%)”可知，作者通过参考一些数据证明他的发现。故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Butbecomingfamiliarwithandpracticingrelativelybasicmathskillsallowedhighschoolgraduatestopursueandexcelatjobsthatrequiredsomelevelofcomputationalknowledge,hesaid.(但他说，熟悉并练习相对基本的数学技能，使高中毕业生能够追求并擅长需要一定计算知识水平的工作)”可推知，技能有助于促进卓越。故选C项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据最后一段“WhenGoodmancheckedininthelate1990sandearly2000sontheearningsofthestudentswhograduatedinthelate1980s,hefoundthattheirearningsincreasedsignificantlyiftheytookmoremath.(Goodman在20世纪90年代末和21世纪初对80年代末毕业的学生的收入进行了调查，他发现，如果他们学习更多的数学，他们的收入就会显著增加)”等内容可知，本文主要介绍了Goodman的一项研究，研究发现学生学习更多的数学，他们的收入就会显著增加。选项A“数学赚钱”紧贴文章主题，简明扼要，适合做标题。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheIronmanTriathlon,whichoriginatedintheUSstateofHawaiiin1978,isathree-sportcompetitionthatcombinesrunning,biking,andswimming.Participantsswim2.4miles,bike112miles,andrun26.2milesduringonedayoftherace.____16____Theswim-bike-runorderisconsistentformostironmantriathlons.TheinitialHawaiieventdrewjust15participants.Infollowingyearsanddecades,hundredsofathletessignedupforthe17-hourcompetition.Originalironmantriathlonswereusuallycompletedoutdoorsinextremeheat,strongwinds,andsometimesrain.____17____Thoseparticipatinginanironmantriathlonbegintrainingatleastfourtosixmonthsinadvance.Typically,threetoeighthoursadayaredevotedtotraininginallthreesportsduringtheweek,withoneortwodaysofresteachweek.____18____Itiscommonforathletestorun,bikeandswimthreetofourtimestheraceamountinoneweek.Manyjoinclubsortrainwithpartners.Muchenergy,perseverance,andpsychologicalstrengthareneededtocompletetheironmantriathlon.Atleast10percentoftriathletesgiveupbeforecompletion,accordingtoworldchampionshipdata.____19____Althoughtheironmancompetitiondrawsmostlyyoungcompetitors,someintheir60s,70sand,occasionally,80s.Menandwomenareallowedtocompete.____20____Manysustaintheirenergybydevoting40percentoftheirdiettocarbohydrates.Proteintypicallymakesup30percentofnutritionforcompetitors.Fatintakecanbeashighas30percent.A.Evenfinishersoftensufferinjuries.B.Dietisveryimportantfortriathletes.C.Thisintenseschedulemakestheathletespowerful.D.Thereisgenerallynobreakbetweenthesportsactivities.E.TheultimategoalofanyIronmanathleteistogotoHawaii.F.Modern-dayversionsoftheeventfollowthatoutdoortradition.G.Competingwouldgiveyoudriveanddeterminationthatcarryintoyourlife.【答案】16.D17.F18.C19.A20.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了铁人三项运动的活动项目和训练难度强度。【16题详解】根据前文“Participantsswim2.4miles,bike112miles,andrun26.2milesduringonedayoftherace.（参与者游泳2.4英里，骑车112英里，跑步26英里。一天跑两英里。）”由此可见，各活动之间接的很近。D选项“Thereisgenerallynobreakbetweenthesportsactivities.（体育活动之间一般没有休息时间。）”符合题意，故选D。【17题详解】根据前文“Originalironmantriathlonswereusuallycompletedoutdoorsinextremeheat,strongwinds,andsometimesrain.（最初的铁人三项比赛通常是在户外进行的，在极端高温、强风和有时下雨的情况下完成。）”可知，现在体育互动都是户外进行。F选项“Modern-dayversionsoftheeventfollowthatoutdoortradition.（现代版本的活动遵循户外传统。）”符合题意，故选F。【18题详解】根据前文“Typically,threetoeighthoursadayaredevotedtotraininginallthreesportsduringtheweek,withoneortwodaysofresteachweek.（通常情况下，每周有三到八小时用于这三种运动的训练，每周有一两天的休息时间。）”可知，运动员日程安排很紧张。C选项“Thisintenseschedulemakestheathletespowerful.（这种紧张的日程安排使运动员变得强大。）”符合题意，故选C。【19题详解】根据前文“Muchenergy,perseverance,andpsychologicalstrengthareneededtocompletetheironmantriathlon.Atleast10percentoftriathletesgiveupbeforecompletion,accordingtoworldchampionshipdata.（完成铁人三项需要大量的能量、毅力和心理力量。根据世界锦标赛的数据，至少有10%的铁人三项运动员在比赛完成之前就放弃了。）”可知，前句描写的是铁人三项坚持下来的艰难。A选项“Evenfinishersoftensufferinjuries.（即使是完成比赛的选手也经常受伤。）”符合题意，故选A。【20题详解】根据后文“Manysustaintheirenergybydevoting40percentoftheirdiettocarbohydrates.（许多人通过饮食中40%的碳水化合物来维持能量。）”可知，运动员需要从饮食中获取能量。B选项“Dietisveryimportantfortriathletes.（饮食对铁人三项运动员很重要。）”符合题意，故选B。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mysinglemotherusedtotakeonseveraljobsjusttomakeendsmeet.WhenIwasfifteen,shestartedherownbusiness,andthingsbegantogeteasier____21____.Thefollowingspringanewfamilymovedintoour____22____.Thechildrenbecamemyfriendssoon,___23___thewife,Melissa,befriendedmymom.Oneafternoon,Iwasattheirhouseandtheyweregenerousenoughtoincludemeinthe____24____.Theirdaughter,tenatthetime,___25___aglassofmilk.Melissastated,“Wehavenomoneyformilkthisweek.”ShesuddenlyrealizedIwaspresentandexplainedwitha(n)____26____look,“Moneyhasbeenreally____27____.”Later,Itoldmymomaboutthe____28____Melissawasexperiencing.In____29____,sheimmediatelyopenedthecupboarddoorsandstartedpullingoutfood.Thenwedrovetoourfriends'house,madeourwaytothedoor,and____30____eagerly.Whentheyansweredthedoor,theyweretheresurprisedbyour____31____.Handingtheitemsovertothem,Momsaid,“Wejustwantedtohelpout.”MelissathengraspedMominabighugandstartedtocry.Tearsbegantorolldownmymother'sfaceasshe____32____herfriend,understandinghowdifficultitcanbeto____33____toprovideforafamily.Lookingatmymother,Ifelt____34____tobeherdaughter!Shehadworkedsohardtopayforthegroceries,butshedidn't____35____togivetothoseinneed.21.A.secretly B.skillfully C.successfully D.financially22.A.city B.neighborhood C.house D.office23.A.if B.unless C.although D.while24.A.journey B.party C.meal D.celebration25.A.consumed B.requested C.poured D.heated26.A.defeated B.relaxed C.excited D.injured27.A.tight B.enough C.important D.precious28.A.relief B.failure C.difficulty D.quarrel29.A.trouble B.response C.action D.addition30.A.waited B.expected C.wandered D.knocked31.A.contact B.visit C.encouragement D.help32.A.staredat B.cameacross C.heldonto D.stoodby33.A.struggle B.deserve C.promise D.intend34.A.annoyed B.embarrassed C.proud D.confident35.A.hesitate B.manage C.attempt D.pretend【答案】21.D22.B23.D24.C25.B26.A27.A28.C29.B30.D31.B32.C33.A34.C35.A【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者的妈妈在自己生活也不是很容易的情况下，毫不犹豫地选择了帮助邻居的故事，作者为有这样一位妈妈感到自豪。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我15岁时，她开始自己做生意，经济上的困难开始减轻。A.secretly秘密地；B.skillfully巧妙地；C.successfully成功地；D.financially财务上。根据上文“Mysinglemotherusedtotakeonseveraljobsjusttomakeendsmeet.”可知作者之前家境不是很好，但由下文“shestartedherownbusiness,andthingsbegantogeteasier”可知，妈妈做生意后经济条件得到改善，financially意为“财务上的，经济上的”，符合句意。故选D项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二年春天，一个新的家庭搬进了我们的街区。A.city城市；B.neighborhood街区；C.house房子；D.office办公室。根据句中“movedintoour”和下文我们两家成为朋友可推知，这个新家庭是搬入了我们的街区。故选B项。【23题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：孩子们很快就成了我的朋友，同时妻子梅丽莎也成了我妈妈的朋友。A.if如果；B.unless除非；C.although虽然；D.while与……同时。作者与邻居孩子们成了朋友，同时他们的妈妈也成为了朋友。故选D项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，我在他们家玩，他们很慷慨地邀请我一起吃饭。A.journey旅行；B.party聚会；C.meal一餐；D.celebration庆祝。根据下文“Theirdaughter,tenatthetime,5aglassofmilk.Melissastated,‘Wehavenomoneyformilkthisweek.’”可知，作者刚好赶上吃饭时间。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们10岁的女儿要一杯牛奶。A.consumed消费；B.requested要求；C.poured倒；D.heated加热。根据下文“Melissastated,‘Wehavenomoneyformilkthisweek.’”梅丽莎的话可推知，她女儿是在向她要牛奶。故选B项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她突然意识到我在场，便带着受挫的神色解释说：钱一直不宽裕。A.defeated受挫的；B.relaxed放松的；C.excited兴奋的；D.injured受伤的。上文邻居妈妈说“Wehavenomoneyformilkthisweek.”，这样的窘况被作者知道了，作为大人，这让她很尴尬，有挫败感。故选A项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她突然意识到我在场，便带着受挫的神色解释说：钱一直不宽裕。A.tight拮据的、不宽裕的；B.enough足够的；C.important重要的；D.precious宝贵的。根据上文“Wehavenomoneyformilkthisweek.”可知，邻居家已经买不起牛奶，说明经济条件不好，tight表示“拮据的、不宽裕的”。故选A项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，我把梅丽莎所经历的困难告诉了妈妈。A.relief减轻；B.failure失败；C.difficulty困难；D.quarrel争吵。根据上文可知，梅丽莎家里已经买不起牛奶，所以作者告诉妈妈的是她们家里遇到的困难(difficulty)。故选C项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为回应，她立即打开橱柜门，开始取出食物。A.trouble麻烦；B.response回复；C.action行动；D.addition增加。根据下文“sheimmediatelyopenedthecupboarddoorsandstartedpullingoutfood.”中作者的妈妈的做法可知，这是作者的妈妈听到邻居有困难时做出的回应(response)。故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我们开车到朋友家，走到门口，急切地敲门。A.waited等待；B.expected期待；C.wandered好奇；D.knocked敲。根据下文“theyansweredthedoor”可知，作者和妈妈到门口后敲了门。故选D项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们应门时，他们对我们的来访感到惊讶。A.contact联系；B.visit访问；C.encouragement鼓励；D.help帮助。作者和妈妈突然出现在家门，邻居对他们的到访(visit)感到惊讶。故选B项。【32题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：母亲抱着她的朋友，眼泪从她的脸上滚落下来，她明白努力养活一个家庭是多么困难。A.staredat凝视；B.cameacross遇到；C.heldonto紧紧抓住；D.stoodby支持。根据上文“MelissathengraspedMominabighugandstartedtocry.”可知，梅丽莎抱着作者妈妈哭，所以作者的妈妈也是紧紧抱着梅丽莎的。故选C项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：母亲抱着她的朋友，眼泪从她的脸上滚落下来，她明白努力养活一个家庭是多么困难。A.struggle奋斗、努力；B.deserve值得；C.promise承诺；D.intend计划。根据作者妈妈自己曾经的经历和句中“howdifficultitcanbe”可知，作者的妈妈理解梅丽莎为养家而作出的努力有多么的艰难。故选A项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看着妈妈，我为自己是她的女儿而感到骄傲。A.annoyed恼怒的；B.embarrassed尴尬的；C.proud自豪的；D.confident自信的。虽然自己也很辛苦，但仍然慷慨助人，有这样善良的妈妈，作者是感到骄傲与自豪的。故选C项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了购买生活用品，她辛苦工作，但她毫不犹豫地给予那些需要帮助的人。A.hesitate犹豫；B.manage管理；C.attempt企图；D.pretend假装。根据第三段“sheimmediatelyopenedthecupboarddoorsandstartedpullingoutfood.”可行，作者的妈妈在帮助别人一事上毫无犹豫。故选A项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThePalaceMuseuminBeijingreleaseditscalendarfor2022onSeptember6althoughtheYearoftheTigerisstillmorethanfourmonthsaway.“Thecalendarhasbecomeanewwayformanypeople____36____(record)theirlife,”ChenLihua,editor-in-chiefofthecalendar,says.Thoughprintedcalendarsseemtohavelost____37____(they)functionalityinthedigitalera,themuseumsdelicatecalendarhasbecome____38____itemtocollect.Oneachpageofthenewcalendar,atiger-themedculturalrelicofthePalaceMuseumisintroduced,___39___(range)fromajadeornament(翡翠)intheshapeofatigerdatingbacksome5,000years____40____paintingscreatedbymodernChinesemasterssuchasQiBaishiandZhangDaqian.“Thetigeris____41____standsforstrengthandenergyintraditionalChineseculture.”Chensays,“Wewanttoreflecttiger-relatedculturefromvarious____42____(aspect).”Asthe2022WinterOlympics____43____(schedule)tobeheldinChinainFebruary,asectionofthecalendarwillintroduceroyalwintersportsduringtheQingDynastythroughartpieces.Inspiteoftheestablishedreputation,creativityisstill____44____(bad)neededforneweditionsoftheannualcalendar.Otherthannewdesignofpages,augmented(增广的)realityisnowbeingused,makingit_____45_____(access)forreaderstohaveabetterviewofthemovingpicturesofculturalrelicsbyscanni