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3/3专题03不定代词与时间/地点副词(期中复习讲义)单元语法点常考题型命题趋势Unit2不定代词与时间/地点副词单项选择题短文填空题句型转换题完形填空题1.语境化更强:题目会设置“电影、绘画、音乐会”场景,让你根据“肯定/否定”“请求/疑问”选对词。2.融合化明显:不再单独考某一个词,而是把不定代词和副词放在同一篇短文里(如完形填空),结合情节选答案。3.细节化突出:重点考查“定语后置”“主谓一致”这些细节,丢分多因细节不注意。知识点01明确“考什么”1.不定代词的类别与句式匹配:some类(something/someone/somebody):肯定句、请求/建议句;any类(anything/anyone/anybody):否定句、疑问句、条件句;every类(everything/everyone/everybody):所有句式(表“全部”);no类(nothing/noone/nobody):否定含义(=notanything/notanyone)。比如“Shewouldliketoreadsomething”(肯定句用something)、“nobodyknowsanything”(否定含义用nobody/anything)。2.不定代词的主谓一致:every类(everyone/everything)、no类(noone/nobody)均视为“单数”,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,如“Everyoneshouldknow...”(should为情态动词,后接原形,若为实义动词则用单数,如“Everyonelikesmusic”)。3.时间/地点副词的场景辨析:地点副词:somewhere(肯定句,“某个地方”)、anywhere(否定/疑问句,“任何地方”)、everywhere(“到处”);时间副词:sometime(“某个时候”)、anytime(“任何时候”)。比如“Ilookedformynotebookeverywhere”(到处找笔记本)、“Afilmcantakeusanywhere”(电影带我们去任何地方)。4.不定代词的定语后置规则:形容词修饰不定代词时,必须放在不定代词后面,如教材中“nothingnew”(不是“newnothing”)、“somethingbeautiful”(不是“beautifulsomething”),这是中考填空题的高频丢分点。知识点02不定代词(something/anybody等)表1:不定代词分类与用法类别核心词主要用法例句主谓一致规则some类事物:something人:someone/somebody1.用于肯定句(表“某个/一些”);2.用于请求、建议句(表“希望得到肯定回答”)1.Shewouldliketoread
something(肯定句,事物);2.Artcanbeabout
something
beautiful(肯定句,事物)视为单数(如:Someone
is
lookingforyou.)any类事物:anything人:anyone/anybody1.用于否定句、疑问句、条件句(表“任何/一些”);2.用于肯定句(表“任何”)1.Butnobodyknows
anything
aboutthepainter(否定含义句,事物);2.Isthere
anything
newtoread?(疑问句,事物)视为单数(如:Anyone
knows
thisrule.)every类事物:everything人:everyone/everybody用于所有句式(表“全部、每个人/事”)1.
Everyone
shouldknowtheimportanceoftraditionalbuildings(所有人,肯定句);2.
Everything
aboutthefilmisinteresting(所有事,肯定句)视为单数(必须用单数谓语,如:Everyone
likes
music.不能说like)no类事物:nothing人:noone/nobody用于所有句式(表“没有/无人”,本身含否定)1.Butrightnowshehas
nothing
newtoread(没有事物,否定);2.But
nobody
knowsanythingaboutthepainter(无人,否定)视为单数(如:Noone
is
latetoday.);noone/nobody不与of连用(错:nooneofthem)2:易混不定代词辨析some类与any类:肯定句用some,否定/疑问用any;请求/建议句(如“Canyougiveme...?”)用some(希望肯定回答)。例句:肯定句:Shewants
something
toread.(some类)否定句:Shehas
nothing
new(=not
anything
new).(any类)请求句:Canyoutellme
something
aboutthefilm?(不用anything,希望得到肯定回答)noone与nobody:两者完全相同,都指“没有人”,后接单数谓语,不与of连用;区别于“none”(可指人/物,可与of连用,如“Noneofthebooksisinteresting”)。例句:Nobody
knowsthepainter.=
Noone
knowsthepainter.(不能说Nobodyofthemknows...)everythingvsanything:everything指“所有事物”(全部肯定),anything指“任何事物”(否定/疑问中表“一些”,肯定中表“任何”)。例句:全部肯定:Everything
inthemagicworldofmoviesisamazing.(所有事都神奇)否定中表“一些”:Hedoesn’tknow
anything
aboutmusic.(什么都不知道=没有一些了解)3:不定代词的“定语后置”形容词修饰不定代词时,必须放在不定代词后面。正确形式(定语后置)例句somethingbeautiful(一些美丽的事物)Artcanbeaboutsomethingbeautifulnothingnew(没有新的事物)Shehasnothingnewtoread.anythinginteresting(一些有趣的事物)Isthereanythinginterestinginthebook?someonefamous(某个有名的人)Apaintercanbesomeonefamous.知识点03时间/地点副词(somewhere/anytime等)1:时间/地点副词分类与用法类别核心词主要用法例句易混点地点副词somewhere(某个地方)用于肯定句(表“不确定的某个地方”)Ithoughtitwas
somewhere
intheroom(肯定句,不确定房间里某个地方)不能说“insomewhere”(副词前不加介词),正确:gosomewhere(错:goinsomewhere)anywhere(任何地方/某个地方)1.否定句、疑问句(表“任何地方”);2.肯定句(表“任何地方”)1.Afilmcantakeus
anywhere(肯定句,任何地方);2.Didyoulookforit
anywhere?(疑问句,任何地方)否定句中=notanywhere(如:Ididn’tgoanywhere.我没去任何地方)everywhere(到处)所有句式(表“各个地方、到处”)Ilookedformynotebook
everywhere(肯定句,到处找)与“hereandthere”同义,如:Booksareeverywhere.=Booksarehereandthere.nowhere(无处)所有句式(表“没有地方”,本身含否定)Thenotebookis
nowhere
tobefound(没有地方能找到,否定)=notanywhere(如:Hewentnowhere.=Hedidn’tgoanywhere.)时间副词sometime(某个时候)用于肯定句(表“不确定的某个时间”,如将来/过去)Wecanwatchthefilm
sometime
nextweek(肯定句,下周某个时候)区别于“sometimes”(有时,频率副词),如:Iwatchfilmssometimes.(我有时看电影)anytime(任何时候)1.否定句、疑问句(表“任何时候”);2.肯定句(表“随时”)1.Canwegototheconcert
anytime?(疑问句,任何时候);2.Youcancallme
anytime(肯定句,随时)口语中常用,如:AnytimeisOKforme.(我任何时候都可以)2:易混副词辨析somewhere与anywhere:肯定句用somewhere(某个地方),否定/疑问用anywhere(任何地方);肯定句中anywhere表“任何地方”(范围更广)。例句:肯定句(某个地方):Thenotebookis
somewhere
intheroom.肯定句(任何地方):Filmscantakeus
anywhere
intheworld.sometime与sometimes:sometime是“某个时候”(时间点,如“下周某个时候”),sometimes是“有时”(频率,如“每周有时”)。例句:sometime:We’llgototheartshow
sometime
thismonth.(本月某个时候)sometimes:I
sometimes
gotoconcertswithmyfriends.(有时去音乐会)知识点04方法技巧技巧1:不定代词some/any口诀“肯定句用some,否定疑问用any;请求建议用some,肯定句中any表‘任何’”例句:肯定句:Shereads
something(some);否定句:Shehas
nothing(=not
anything,any);请求句:Canyoutellme
something(some)?2.定语后置口诀:“不定代词真特殊,形容词跟在后”例句:正确:nothing
new(形容词new在后);错误:newnothing(形容词在前,错)。技巧2:时间/地点副词口诀“some表‘某个’用肯定,any表‘任何’否疑定;every表‘全部’无限制,no表‘没有’含否定”例:地点:somewhere(某个地方,肯定)、anywhere(任何地方,否疑);时间:sometime(某个时候,肯定)、anytime(任何时候,否疑)。知识点05易错点点拨易错点1:不定代词主谓一致错误——every/no类用复数谓语丢分场景:错说“Everyonelikemusic.”(应该是likes),或“Nobodyknowthepainter.”(应该是knows)——因为every类(everyone/everything)、no类(noone/nobody)均视为单数,谓语必须用第三人称单数形式。如:把“Everyoneshouldknow...”错说为“Everyoneshouldknows...”(should是情态动词,后接原形,若为实义动词则需用单数)。例题:—______inourclass______thefamouspainter.—Yes,wealllearnedabouthiminartclass.A.Everyone;knowB.Everyone;knowsC.All;knowD.All;knows易错点2:不定代词定语前置错误——形容词放在不定代词前面丢分场景:错说“Iwanttoreadsomethingnew.”是对的,但错写“newsomething”——形容词修饰不定代词必须后置,这是中考填空题的高频丢分点。如:把“nothingnew”错写为“newnothing”,或“somethingbeautiful”错写为“beautifulsomething”。例题:Theteachershared______withusyesterday.A.somethingimportantB.importantsomethingC.anythingimportantD.importantanything易错点3:some/any类混淆——请求句用any,否定句用some丢分场景:错说“Canyougivemeanyhelp?”(应该是somehelp),或“Shehassomethingtoeat.”变否定句为“Shedoesn’thassomethingtoeat.”(应该是anything)——请求句用some,否定句用any。例题:—Couldyoutellme______abouttheconcerttomorrow?Iwanttogowithyou.—Sure,itwillstartat7p.m.A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everything易错点4:时间/地点副词介词冗余——somewhere前加in/at丢分场景:错说“Iwanttogotosomewherequiet.”(应该是gosomewhere),或“Helivesinanywhere.”(应该是livesanywhere)——时间/地点副词是“副词”,前面不加介词(in/at/to等)。如:把“somewhereintheroom”错理解为“insomewhere”(实际是“intheroom”作地点状语,somewhere是表语,不是“insomewhere”)。例题:Weplantogo______interestingforourholiday.Doyouhaveanyideas?A.tosomewhereB.somewhereC.toanywhereD.anywhere
基础通关(测试时间:10分钟)一、单项选择1.I’mnotgoodatmath.Ineed________tohelpmewithit.A.anybody B.anything C.somebody D.something2.Is______intheclassroom?Ineedtoborrowaruler.A.somebody B.anybody C.nobody D.everybody3.Inthemorning,Iknockedatthedoorbut________answered.A.nobody B.somebody C.anybody D.everybody4.—Is________here?—No,Johnisout.A.something B.anything C.everything D.everyone5.Thereis________wrongwithmycomputer,soIcan’tfind________onitnow.A.something;something B.something;anythingC.anything;something D.anything;anything6.Sheisnewhere,soweknow________abouther.A.nothing B.something C.anything D.everything7.________isready(准备好的).Let’sgonow.A.Something B.Anything C.Things D.Everything8.Whereisyourhometown?Ican’tfindit________onthemap.A.somewhere B.anywhere C.something D.anything9.Cleanyourclassroomatonce,please.Thereisrubbish________.A.anywhere B.somewhere C.nowhere D.everywhere10.Irememberseeingthegirl________before.ButIcan’trememberhername.A.anywhere B.everywhere C.somewhere D.nowhere二、选词填空选择方框内的不定代词填空。everything
anything
something
nothing
someone
noone
anyone11.Ifyoudon’tlistentoyourteacherscarefullyinclass,youwillget.12.Mynewglassesareverygood.Icanseeclearlynow.13.Iputmydictionaryonthedesk,butmovedit.14.Everyoneinthisworldisdifferentfromothers.Wedon’thavetobebutourselves.重难突破(测试时间:10分钟)一、单项选择1.________,sheissotiredandshewantstostayhomefor________.A.Sometime;sometime B.Sometimes;sometimeC.sometime;sometimes D.Sometimes;sometime2.—________doyouexercise?—Iexercise________.A.Howlong;everyday B.Howlong;everydayC.Howoften;everyday D.Howoften;everyday3.MrWhitewaslookingforhiskey______,buthecouldn’tfindit______.A.everywhere;anywhere B.everywhere;somewhereC.somewhere;everywhere D.anywhere;somewhere4.Iwanttogo________tohavearest.A.interestingsomewhere B.interestinganywhereC.somewhereinteresting D.anywhereinteresting5.Ithinkthereis________wrongwithmycar,so________willcometorepairit.A.something;anybody B.anything;somebodyC.something;somebody D.anything;nobody6.—Wouldyoulike________toeat?—Idon’twanttoeat________.A.somethingspecial;anything B.anythingspecial;anythingC.specialanything;something D.specialsomething;something7.—Thereis________withmyelectriccar.Itdoesn’twork.—OK.I’llhavesomeone________itforyoufirst.A.somethingwrong;tocheck B.wrongnothing;checkC.wrongsomething;tocheck D.somethingwrong;check二、完成句子8.Therei
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