湖南省长沙市师范大学附属中学高三上学期第一次联考英语试题

湖南师大附中届高三年级第一次联考英语注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．£19.15.B．£9.18.C．£9.15.答案是C。1．Whatwillthemandonext?A．Prepareaspeechdraft.B．Submithisapplication.C．Practicepronunciation2．Whatdoesthewomanplantochange?A．Hereatinghabits.B．Hersleepschedule.C.Herexerciseroutine.3．Wherewillthecouplegofortheiranniversary?A．Abeachdestination．B．Amountainhouse.C．Acitymuseum．4．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Apersonalhobby.B．Abirthdaygift.C．Aworkplace.5．Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A．OnSaturdaymorning.B．OnSundayafternoon.C．OnMondayevening.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的ABC三个

5566、17题。6．Wheredidthecatgoafterjumpingtheroof?A．theroofagain.B．Behindabigbuilding.C．Intothesmallstreetnearby.7．Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeel?A．Relaxed.B．C．Confused.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8．Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Colleagues.B．andstudent.C．Universityclassmates.9．Whoisgoingtohaveaninterview?A．B．Lily.C．Anna.10．WhatwillLilyandAnnaprobablydolater?A．Attendalecture.B．HaveanC．Havelunch.听第8段材料，回答第至13题。．Whatdoesthewomansayaboutsocialmedia?A．Itcausesinterruptionformoststudents.B．Itprovideseducationalresources.C．Itshouldbebannedinschools.12．Whatistheman'sattitudetowardsocialmedia?

A．Favorable.B．Neutral.C．Critical.

13．Whatdoesthewomansuggest?A．Banningsocialmedia.B．properuse.C．Limitingclasstime.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14．WheredoesLunacurrentlywork?A．GreenCraft.B．StarDesignStudio.C．EcofriendlyProject.15．HowlonghasLunaworkedonthelastingfashionline?A．1year.B．3years.C．5years.16．WhatdoesLunathinkofherpresentworkrecently?A．It'sfullofbraveideas.B．It'sstuckinoldpatterns.C．It'sverychallenging.17．WhatcanweknowaboutMarcus?A．HerefusestotalkwithLuna.B．Hedoesn'tcareaboutLuna'schoice.2C．HetriestokeepLunainthepany.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18．Wherewastheprojectcarriedout?A．Inaforest.B．Nearariver.CAlongoldrailwaytracks.19．Whatdothemetalmarkersindicate?A．Historicalinformation.B．Thenumberoftreesplanted.C．Thedistancefromthecitycenter.20．Whatdoestheproject'ssuccessstress?A．munityengagement.B．Theneedformodernconstruction.C．Theimportanceofgovernmentfunding.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASunday,October19OnlineThis3.5hourinteractiver网络研讨会）willfocusonwayswecanshareintercultural

spaceswithoneanother.Somanyofusefromdifferentbackgroundsandculturesanditcan

bedifficulttoseeanotherperson'sorculture'sperspective.willdiscussthemultiplespacesand

culturesweinhabit.Inaddition,wewilluseedyasatoolto"nottakeourselvestooseriously"

andtoaidusinfindingsolutionstotheseageoldchallengeswehumansinvent.will"rethink"

and"reconstruct"howwepositionourselvesinourworkandourlivessothatwemightbuild

bridgesoftrustwitheachotherandwiththeclientsweworkwith.RECOGNlZEthevariousspacesandculturesweinhabitindividuallyaswellasthevarious

spacesorculturesourclientsmayinhabit.thewaysthismightbeblockingusfrombuildingtrustwithoneanotherandwithourclients.(Wewillbeusingedictoolstokeepthislight.)IDENTIFYthreewaysourperspectivesmaybeblockingusfrombuildingtrustwitheachotherandwithourclients.PROPOSEonewaytorethinkorreconstructthespacesweinhabitindividuallyinorderto3buildtrustwitheachotherandwithourclients.Frequentlyaskedquestions(FAQ)Whattimeistheevent?Theworkshopwillbefrom10a.m.t01:30p.m.WilltherecordingqualifyforRIDCEUs?Therewillbeashortquiz(5questions)thatwillbesentalongwiththerecordingaweekaftertheworkshop.qualify,youwillneedtohaveatleast4outof5questionscorrect.Ineedtochangetherecording.HowdoIdoso?PleaseemailmeatlanguagelineandI'dbehappytohelp.21．Whichtoolhelpssolvechallengesaccordingtothetext?A．Music.B．Games.C．Debates.D．edy.22．WhatisneededforRIDCEUsviarecording?A．Attendingthewebinar.B．Sendinganemailrequest.C．Finishingalongresearchpaper.D．Answeringatleast4questionscorrectly.23．Whatisthetextprobably?A．Anewsreport.B．Astorychapter.C．Aneventnotice.D．Aresearchpaper.★weredesigningawheelchairforacollegeengineeringcourse.Whilemyclassmateswere

certainthatweneededtousesteelandfeltonlysteelwouldbestrongenough,Ithoughtsteel

wouldbetooheavyandaluminum(铝)wouldbeabetteroption.Butthestudentwhostrongly

arguedforsteelworkedatabikeshop.Afewdayslater,whenthebigandheavysteelarmkept

droppingdown,IwishedIhadshownmoredeterminationtodefendmyposition.Iwasacraftykid.Notcraftylikeafox,butcraftytothepointthatmyparentswoulde

homereadyforwhatever"artistic"explosionIhadmadethatday—painting,claysculpting,

clothes,andmore.ButwhenIstudiedengineeringincollege,thesepursuitswere.Not

onlywasIstretchedfortime,butIdidn'tthinktheywererelevanttomyacademicwork.I

hesitatedtohighlightmyfemalecraftinginterestsinthemaledominatedengineeringenvironment

whereIalreadyfeltlikeanoutsider.WhenIwentontopursueaPh.D.earlyinthepandemic,Ifeltanxiousandturnedto

crafting.OnedayIwasmakingasetofdiceasagiftforafriend,Whileputtingtheliquidresin(树

脂)intothesiliconemold(硅胶模具),ImadeajoketomypartnerthatIwas"injection

molding"—astandardengineeringmanufacturing(制造)process.Isuddenlyrealizedthatalthough

resinartisnotinjectionmoldinginthetechnicalsense,itsharesthespiritandprobablysomeskills.4SoonIsawmoreconnectionsbetweenengineeringandcraftingthatIhadpreviouslyignored.

Andcraftingtaughtmenottogiveupwhenmyproductdidn'tmatchmyinitialvisionandto

considerthefailedcreationalearningexperience,justasanengineermust.Sincethen,I’vebuiltcraftingbackintomyfreetime.Imentionedmydicemaking

experienceataroboticsconferenceandexplainedinateammeetinghowwecouldgain

inspirationfromartexperiences.Iwasgladthattheresponseswerepositivenotrudeor

unfriendly,asIusedtofear.24．Whatcanweknowabouttheauthorandherclassmates?A．Theyhaddisagreementswhencreatingawheelchair.B．Theyknewlittleaboutthestructureofwheelchairs.C．Theydidn'tgetalongwellwitheachother.D．Theyworkedparttimeatalocalbikeshop.25．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"deepsixed"inparagraph2probablymean?A．Followedthrough.B．Dugout.C．Putup.D．Putaside.26．Whatdidtheauthorrealizeaftermakingagiftforafriend?A．Craftingcanhelpmakeherabetterengineer.B．Sheshouldbeemoredetermined.C．Craftingneedsgreatpracticalskills.D．Sheshoulddevelopnewhobbies.27．Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribetheauthor?

A．Confidentbutunrealistic.B．Creativeandsensitive.

C．Smartbutheadstrong.D．Honestandfrank.

★Carriedbythewind,dustparticles(微粒)fromplacessuchastheSaharaDesertcanfloat

halfwayaroundtheworldbeforesettlingtotheground.Astheplasticsabandonedbyhumans

breakdownintotinypiecesintheenvironment,they,too,travelthroughtheatmosphere.Now

scientistsarcastepclosertounderstandinghowthesemicroplasticstravelintheglobe,both

locallyandorlongdistanceflights.Researchersspentmorethanayearcollectingmicroplasticsfromnationalparksand

wildernessareasinthewesternU.S.Theyexaminedtheparticlesthatsettledondrydaysand

thosethatfellalongwithrainorInadditiontomakingclearhowmicroplasticsmove

around,theresults,publishedonThursdayinScience,revealtheseriousnessoftheproblem:morethanImillionkilogramsofmicroplastics—theweightof120millionto300millionplasticwaterbottlesfallonprotectedlandsinthecountry'swesternregioneachyear.Thenewfindingsaddtoscientists'concernovermicroplasticspollution'spotentialimpactsontheenvironmentandhumanhealth.notsupposedtobreatheinthismaterial,"saysSteve5Allen,amicroplasticsresearcherattheUniversityofStrathclydeinScotland,whowasnot

involvedinthenewstudy."Plasticsintheenvironmentcarryallsortsofpesticides(农药),heavy

metalsandalltheotherchemicalsthatwe'vemadeovertime,"headds."They'regoingtocarry

themdirectlyintoourlungs."Sincetheirdiscoveryinoceansinthe1970s,microplastics—whichcanbeaslargeasagrain

ofriceorsmaller.thanaparticleofdusthavebeenfoundnearlyeverywhereresearchershave

looked:incities,inArcticsnow,onremotemountaintops.Theirpresenceinareasdistantfromthe

placewherehumanslivehaspointedtothembeingcarriedbywinds.28．Whatdothescientistsfurtherunderstandnow?A．Howplasticparticlestravelonthewind.B．Whyitishardforplasticstobreakdown.C．Howdustparticlesarespreadingthroughthewind.D．WhySaharaDesertisexpandingtothesouthofAfrica29．Whatdoweknowaboutthenewstudy?A．Theresultsshowedtheamountofmicroplasticsishuge.B．Researcherscollectedmicroplastics4crosstheU.S.C．Numerousplasticwaterbottleswerefoundeachyear.

D．Researchersfocusedonplasticparticlesindrydays.

30．WhatdoesSteveAllensayaboutplastics?A．Theyshouldberecycled.B．Theydoharmtoweather.C．Theycarryharmfulchemicalstohumanlungs.D．Theycanbeusedtomakeallsortsofpesticides.31．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．PlasticsBringAboutDebateB．MicroplasticsAreFallingfromtheSkyC．DustParticlesAreHarmfultoOurLungsD．TheEnvironmentIsThreatenedbyPlasticsDResearchershavelongbeeninterestedinhowhumansandanimalsmakedecisionsby

focusingontrialanderrorbehaviorinformedbyrecentinformation.However,theconventional

frameworksforunderstandingthesebehaviorsmayoverlookcertainrealitiesofdecisionmaking

becausetheyassumewemakethebestdecisionsaftertakingintoaccountourpastexperiences.OnenewstudyemploysAIininnovativewaystobetterunderstandthisprocess.Byusingtinyartificialneuralnetworks,theresearchers'workilluminatesindetailwhatdrivesanindividual'sactualchoices."Insteadofassuminghowbrainsshouldlearninbetteringourdecisions,wedevelopedan6alternativeapproachtodiscoverhowindividualbrainsactuallylearntomakedecisions,"explains

Mattar,aprofessorinNewUniversity."Thisapproachfunctionslikeadetective,uncovering

howdecisionsareactuallymadebyanimalsandhumans.Byusingtinyneuralnetworks—small

enoughtobeunderstoodbutpowerfulenoughtocatchplexbehavior—we'vediscovered

decisionmakingstrategiesthatscientistshaveoverlookedfordecades.""LargeneuralnetworksusedinAIareverygoodatpredictingthings,"saysBenna,a

professoratUCSanDiego'sSchool."Forexample,theycanpredictwhichmovieyouwouldlike

towatchnext.However,itisverychallengingtodescribesimplywhatstrategiestheseplex

machinelearningmodelsemploytomaketheirpredictionssuchaswhytheythinkyouwilllike

onemoviemorethananotherone.BytrainingthesimplestversionsoftheseAImodelstopredict

animals'choicesandanalyzingtheirdynamicsusingmethodsfromphysics,wecanthrowlighton

theirinnerworkingsinmoreeasilyunderstandableterms."Understandinghowanimalsandhumanslearnfromexperiencetomakedecisionsisnotonly

aprimarygoalinthesciences,but,morebroadly,usefulinthefieldsofbusiness,government,and

technology.However,existingmodelsofthisprocess,becausetheyareaimedatdescribing

optimal(最佳的)decisionmaking,oftenfailtogetrealisticbehavior."Justasstudyingindividualdifferencesinphysicalcharacteristicshasrevolutionized

medicine,understandingindividualdifferencesindecisionmakingstrategiescouldtransformour

approachtomentalhealthandcognitivefunction,"concludesMattar.32．Whatcanbeinferredabouttraditionaldecisionmakingmodels?A．Theyareconsistentwithreallifedecisionbehavior.B．Theypaymuchattentiontoindividualdifferences.C．Theyignorechoicesthatarenotthebest,D．TheyuseAIbasedmethods.33．Whatisspecialaboutthenewstudy?A．Usingtinyneuralnetworks.B．Analyzingpastexperiences.

C．Predictingmoviepreferences.D．Revisitingconventionalframeworks.

34．WhatdoesBennameanconcerninglargeneuralnetworks?A．Theylackpredictiveaccuracy.B．Theirstrategiesarehardtointerpret.C．Theyoutperformtinynetworksinresearch.D．Theyrevolutionizedecisionmakingstudies.35．WhatisMattar'sattitudetowardsthenewresearch?A．Cautiouslyskeptical.B．Indifferentlyneutral.

C．Stronglysupportive.D．Mildlycritical.

★第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）7余选项。Anytimeofthedayyoucanmittoexercisingisagoodtimeforgettingactive.However,

thebesttimetoexerciseisdifferentforeachperson.36Determinewhenyouhavethemostenergy.Doyoustruggletogetoutofthebedinthe

morningordoyouwakeupenergizedandreadytogo?Areyouanightowlandnevergettobed

beforemidnight?Onceyouestablishwhatyoursleeptendenciesare,youwillhaveabetterideaof

whenyourbodyismostreadytoexercise.37aremorelikelytohitthesnoozebutton

insteadofgettingaworkoutin.Consideryourdailyschedule.Whenareyouthebusiest?38tofitinexercise

beforeoratleastaroundtheseevents.Somepeoplewouldprefertogetitoutofthewayfirst

thing,whileothersprefertoputituntiltheendofthedaywhentheyareallcaughtup.

Determineyourexercisegoals.Ifyouaretryingtodeveloparoutine,youmaywantto

exerciseinthemorning.Peoplewhoexerciseinthemorningaremoreconsistent.39Ifyou

aretryingtoimproveyourperformance,eveningexercisemaybebest.mayexperienceless

tiredness,quickerreactiontimes,andmorestrengthandflexibilityintheevening.Ifyouaretrying

toloseweight,youmaywanttoexerciseinthemorningbeforeyouhaveeatenwhenyourbodyis

morelikelytousefatinsteadofcarbohydrates（碳水化合物）forenergy.40Thisway,you'llseehowyoufeelandfindthetimethatworksbestwithyour

schedule.Keepanexerciselogtohelpyouevaluateeachtime.A．Thiswillgiveyourbodytimetorelax.B．Doyouperformbetterinthemorningoratnight?C．maynotfeellikeexercisingafteralongdayofwork.D．Whendoyoutendtoscheduleyourmostimportanttasks?E．Consideryourlifestyleandexercisegoalstofindtherighttime.F．Ifyou'renotamorningperson,donotscheduleanearlymorningworkout.

G．Anyway,you'dbetterexperimentwithbothmorningandeveningworkouts.

第三部分语言运用（其两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

In1990,KarendeBoer,acollegefreshman,feltthrilledwhenshegotintoherschool's

wellknownchoir(合唱团)—agroupsettotourChinaandJapanthatyear.Shevaluedthiscliance

deeply,eagerto41ontheinternationalstage.One42morning,thechoirwastoperformatachurchanhouraway.ButKaren

overslept,suddenlywakinguptofindthebuslonggone.Shefeltthebottomofherstomachhadjust43out—fearingbeinglabeledimmature,kickedout,andlosingthedream44．Stuckwithnocarornearbyfriendsto45,Karenwanderedthehallway,tearsburning.ThenneighborPamsteppedout.Theirrelationshipwasever46:Karenandherroommates8oftenmadenoiselate,ignoringPam'spoliterequestsfor47—sheneededpeacetosleeporstudy.48,Karensaidquicklyabouthertrouble:oversleeping,missingthebus,theurgent

performance.hershock,Pamsmiled,“Ihaveacarandknowthechurch.Let's49.”

StrangeKarenhadbeenunkind,yetPamhelpedwithout50.Theyracedtothecar;PamwovethroughasKarencheckedtime51．Theyarrivedasthechoir52uptoenter—rightontime.Decadeslater,Karenreflects:"Itwasn'tjusta53.ItwasPamforgivingthosenoisy

nights.I'dtellher,'SorryIignoredyou.Thankyou—yourkindness,whenIleastdeservedit,

taughtmetobebetter.It54howItreatothersfor30years.'''Thatsmallactofgrace,she

knows,wasa55lessonthatoutlastedthetour.41．A．peteB．shineC．connectD．speak

42．A．randomB．freezingC．crucialD．busy

43．A．brokeB．steppedC．woreD．dropped

44．A．battleB．tourC．lightD．fuel

45．A．getonB．chatwithC．bringinD．turnto

46．A．tenseB．sincereC．mysteriousD．distant

47．A．quietnessB．freedomC．fairnessD．permission

48．A．ShockedB．AshamedC．RegrettedD．Delighted

49．A．bargainB．waitC．hurryD．cheer

50．A．difficultyB．exceptionC．hesitationD．warning

51．A．nervouslyB．graduallyC．obviouslyD．eventually

52．A．spedB．turnedC．wokeD．lined

53．A．rideB．dreamC．morningD．performance

54．A．confirmedB．describedC．witnessedD．shaped

55．A．peaceB．honestyC．forgivenessD．wisdom

第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Longevitynoodlesarcnotmerelyadishbutaculturalsymbolrepresentingthewishforalong

andrichlife.Chinesetraditionis56thelengthofthenoodleisdirectlyassociatedwiththe

lengthoftheconsumer'slife,makingitanessentialpartofbirthdaycelebrations,especiallyforthe

elderly.Theconceptissimpleyetfarreaching—cuttingthenoodlesisconsideredbadluckasit

mightsymbolically57(short)one'slife.InDali,Yunnanprovince,longevitynoodlesareahighlightamongthehundredsoflocalsnacks.Theextraordinaryfeatureofthesenoodlesistheirlength;asinglenoodleislongenough58(serve)asmanyas1,000people.Thispracticenotonlyshowscookingskillsbutalsostressesthe59(collect)aspectofdining,asmanypeoplesharefromasinglenoodle,9Sometimes,inLanzhou,Gansuprovince,Lanzhoubeefnoodles61(refer)toas"longevitynoodles".Thesenoodlesareclassifiedintomorethantentypes62(base)onthickness,suitingdifferentagegroups.Thethinnernoodlesareparticularlyassociatedwithlongevity,astheyareeasierforolderindividualstoeat,makingthempopularamongtheelderly63consumethemasaregularpartoftheirdiet.Intraditionalsettings,thenoodlesarepulledbyhand,64techniquethatrequiresextensivetrainingandpractice.Thismethodofhandpullingensuresthatthenoodlesare65uniformthicknessandtexture.Theartofmakinglongevitynoodlesisoftenpasseddownthroughgenerations,witheachfamilyorchefaddingtheiruniquetouchtothedish.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）Mr.Brown建议从“文化遗产保护价值(thevalueofculturalheritageprotection)”和“文化遗产保护方法(methodsforculturalheritageprotection)”Mr.Brown包括：(1)(2)简要说明理由。注意：(1)写作词数应为80个左右；(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearMr.Brown.I'mthrilledtocontributetothenewcolumnonculturalheritageprotection.Bestregards,LiHua第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Lastmonth,mybestfriendLilyandImadeanappointmenttovolunteeratthelocalanimalsheltereveryweekend.Webothadoredanimalsandhaddreamedofopeningourownrescue10Butasmidtermexamsapproached,myanxietysnowballed.Ibeganskippingshifts,inventingexcuseslike"familyemergencies"or"studysessions".Lilyneverquestionedme,butherdisappointedsighscutdeeperthananyaccusation.OnerainySaturday,theshelter'sdirectorcalledmedirectly."Lily'sdownwithacold,"shesaid,"andwe'vegotsomeabandoneddogsarrivinginanhour.Canyoue?"Myhandsgotsweaty,I'dliedaboutstudyingthatverymorning,claimingIneededtogooverchemistry.Now,facedwithachoicebetweenmylieandthedogs,Ifroze.haveafever,”Itrippedovermywords.“Ican'tmakeit.”Thedirector'ssilencefeltlikeahit.Thenight,guiltbotheredmeasIwentthroughLily'sInstagram(照片墙).Thereshewaswrappedinablanket,surroundedbyeighttinygoldenretrievers（寻回犬）.Theillustrationread;"EvenwhenI'msick,theseangelskeepmegoing."Belowitwerementspraisingherdevotion.Mychesttightened.Scrollingfurther,IsawLily'spostfromlastnight:nose,butMom'schickensoupsavedtheday!"Thenextday,Idraggedmyselftotheshelter.Throughthewindow,IsawLilykneelinginfrontofakennel,cleaningpatiently.Hercoughsrangoutthroughthecourtyard.Ipushedopenthedoor,mythroattightening,"Lily..."Sheturned,herfacepalebuteyesbright.saidyouweresick,"shewhispered."Buthereyouare,perfectlyfine.”Iopenedmymouthtoexplain,butthewordsdiedasatrembleattackedherbody.注意：(1)续写词数应为150个左右；(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Irealizeditwastimetoadmitmylieandmakeupformymistakes.11morning.12题序123456789101112131415答案AABBBCBCACBCBAB题序161718192021222324252627282930答案BCCAADDCADABAAC题序313233343536373839404142434445答案BCABCEFDCGBCDBD题序46474849505152535455答案AABCCADADC以及关于活动时间、RIDCEUs资格要求和录制内容更改方式等常见问题的解答。21．D。细节理解题。文本在“Aboutthisevent”中明确提到：“wewilluseedyasatool...toaidusinfindingsolutionstotheseageoldchallenges”项（音乐、游戏、辩论）未在文中提及，因此选D。22DRIDCEUs中说明：qualifyyouwillneedtohaveatleast4outof5questionscorrect.”，即需正确回答至少4道题。A(参加网络研讨会)与“viarecording”无关；B(发邮件请求)是更改录制内容的操作，非资格要求；C(完成长篇研究论文)未提及。因此选D。23C。推理判断题。文本包含活动名称、日期、时间、地点、内容介绍、教育目标及常见问题等信息，这些均为活动通知的典型要素。A(新闻报道)须具备时效性和客观性叙事，文B(故事章节)D(研究论文)中无。因此选C。过程中逐渐意识到自己的爱好——手工制作——对自己所学的专业是大有益处的。24A“Whilemyclassmateswerecertainthatweneededtousesteel...beabetteroption.”可知，作者和她的同学在设计制作一辆轮椅时，他们的意见出现了分歧。25．D。词义猜测题。根据画线单词后的“NotonlywasIstretchedfortime，butIdidn'tthinktheywererelevanttomyacademicwork.”好与学术学习无关，因此她将过去这些需要花时间和精力做的事情“搁置了”。26A“Isuddenlyrealized...itsharesthespiritandprobablysomeskills.”以及第四段中的“Andcraftingtaughtmcnottogiveup...justasanengineermust.”可知，作者在给朋友制作礼物的过程中意识到：制作手工艺品可以帮助作者成为更好的工程师。27B。推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，作者喜欢制作各种手工艺品，因此她是一个富有创造力的人；同时，作者不够自信，过于在意别人的看法，因此，她是一个敏感的人。13还可通过空气在全球范围内传播。28A“Nowscientistsareastepclosertounderstandinghowthesemicroplasticstravelintheglobe—bothlocallyandonlongdistanceflights.（目前，科学家更进一步地了解到这些微塑料足如何在全球传播的——”可知，科学家目前更深入地了解塑料分子是如何在风中传播的。故选A。29．A。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“InadditiontomakingclearhowmicroplasticsmovearoundtheresultspublishedonThursdayinScience,revealtheseriousnessoftheproblem:morethan1millionkilogramsofmicroplastics—theweightof120millionto300millionplasticwaterbottlesfallonprotectedlandsinthecountry'swesternregioneach100万公斤的微塑料——相当于1.2亿到3亿个塑料水瓶的重量——落在该国西部地区的受”可知，研究结果表明，微塑料的数量是巨大的。故选A。30．C。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“'Plasticsintheenvironmentcarryallsortsofpesticides(农药)，heavymetalsandalltheotherchemicalsthatwe'vemadeovertime,'headds.‘They'regoingtocarrythemdirectlyintoourlungs.’（他补充说，‘环境中的塑料携带着各种农药、重金’”可知，SteveAllen表示空气中的塑料会把毒性物质送人肺中。故选C。31B。主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了对微塑料在空气中传播的研究成果：第一段介绍了研B选项“微塑料正在从天上掉下来”最适合作文章标题。故选B。(AI)的新研究。理健康领域的潜在影响。32C。推理判断题。原文第一段提到传统模型“assumewemakethebestdecisions"且第五段提到“failtogetrealisticbehavior”，说明其忽略了非最佳选择，与选项C(“ignorechoicesthatarenotthebest”)直接对应。故选C。33A“usingtinyartificialneuralnetworks”释其“small...butpowerful”A。34BBenna“难以简单描述其决策策略”Benna通过对比“预测能力”与“策略解释”，暗示大型网络的核心问题在于策略的不可解释性。故选B。35CMattar称新方法“像侦探一样揭示决策真相”医学革命类比，强调其变革性意义。另外，Mattar使用“detective""overlookedfordecades”等积极词汇，明确表达对新研究的肯定。故选C。36．E。E选项是对正文部分二、三、四段首句也就是主旨句的总结概括。37FF14因为到时候你更有可能起不来而接着睡，而不是锻炼。38DD选项是个问句，与前面的问句构成了两个并列的问句，共同展开阐述首句也是主旨句里的“dailyschedule”。39CC选项前两句都是说早上起来锻炼。选择早上起来锻炼与不愿意在工作了一天之后去锻炼是一个意思。40GG有了自己的亲身体会，你就会知道什么时间最适合你。“Thisway”指的是上句提及的方法：早上晚上都去尝试一下。明白了宽恕的意义，也影响了她此后30年对待他人的方式。41B“gotintoherschool'swellknownchoir(合唱团)—agroupsettotourChinaandJapanthatyear”以及“valuedthischancedeeply”“闪耀(shine)”“pete’’意为“参加比赛”；“connect”意为“连接”“speak”意为“说话”，均不符合语境。故选B。42．C。考查形容词词义辨析。根据后文“thechoirwastoperformatachurch’’可知，这一天有演出任务，对合唱团来说是“关键的(crucial)”一天。“random”意为“随机的”“freezing”意为“极冷的”；"busy”意为“忙碌的”，均不能体现这一天的重要性。故选C。43．D。考查动词（短语）词义辨析。“thebottomofone'sstomachdropsout”是固定表达，意为“感到万分焦急；心沉了下去”。此处描述卡伦发现班车已走时的恐慌心情，“dropped”符合语境。“brokeout”意为“爆发”“steppedout”意为“走出”“woreout”意为“磨损”，均不符合语境。故选D。44．B。考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“agroupsettotourChinaandJapanthatyear”可知，卡

伦担心失去的是这次“巡演(tour)”的机会。“battle”意为“战斗”“light”意为“光线”“fuel’’意为

“燃料”，均与语境不符。故选B。45D。考查动词短语辨析。根据“Stuckwithnocar”可知，卡伦被困住了，没有车，附近也

没有可以“求助(turnto)”的朋友。“geton”意为“上车”“chatwith”意为“和……聊天’’“bring

in”意为“引入”，均不符合语境。故选D。46．A。考查形容词词义辨析。根据后文“Karenandherroommatesoftenmadenoiselate，

ignoringPam’spoliterequests”“紧张(tense)”“sincere”意为“真诚的”“mysterious”意为“神秘的”“distant”意为“遥远的”，均

不符合语境。故选A。47．A。考查名词词义辨析。根据“sheneededpeacetosleeporstudy”可知，帕姆需要安静的

“安静(quietness)”“freedom”意为“自由”“fairness”意为“公平”；

“permission”意为“允许”，均不符合语境。故选A。48．B。考查形容词词义辨析。卡伦之前对帕姆不友好，现在却要求助，内心应是“羞愧的(Ashamed)”“Shocked"意为“震惊的”“Regretted”意为“后悔的”（动词过去式，此处作形容15词“Delighted”意为“高兴的”，均不符合语境。故选B。49C“theurgentperformance”“我们赶紧(hurry)走”“bargain”意为“讨价还价’’“wait”意为“等待”“cheer”意为“欢呼”，均不符合语境。故选C。50．C。考查名词词义辨析。根据“Strange－Karenhadbeenunkind，yetPamhelped”可知，帕姆虽然被不友好对待，却“毫不犹豫(withouthesitation)”地帮忙了。“difficulty”意为“困难”；“exception”意为“例外”“warning”意为“警告”，均不符合语境。故选C。51A“紧张地(nervously)”查看时间。“gradually”意为“逐渐地”“obviously’’意为“明显地”“eventually”意为“最终”A。52D“linedup”意为“排队”符合语境。“spedup”意为“加速”“turnedup”意为“出现”“wokeup”意为“醒来”，均不符合语境。故选D。53．A。考查名词词义辨析。根据前文帕姆开车送卡伦可知，卡伦觉得这不仅仅是一次“搭车(ride)”，更是帕姆的宽恕。“dream”意为“梦想’’“morning”意为“早上’’“performance”意为“表演”，均不符合语境。故选A。54．D。考查动词词义辨析。根据“howItreatothersfor30years”可知，帕姆的善举“塑造(shaped)”了卡伦30年来对待他人的方式。“confirmed”意为“确认”“described”意为“描述”；“witnessed”意为“见证”，均不符合语境。故选D。55．C。考查名词词义辨析。根据前文“ItwasPamforgivingthosenoisynights”可知，这个小小的善举是关于“宽恕(forgiveness)”的一课。“peace”意为“和平”“honesty”意为“诚实”；“wisdom’’意为“智慧”，均不符合语境。故选C。符号，展现了其文化内涵、地域特色（如大理、兰州的差异）及传统制作工艺。56thatisthat引导(that在表语从句中不充当成分，仅起连接作用)。故填that。57shortenmightshort为形容词，其动词形式为shorten“切断面条可能象征着缩短人的寿命”。故填shorten。58toserve“1000人食用。”此处使用了固定结构“adj.+enough+todosth.”，表示“”。故填toserve。59collectiveaspect(方面)collectcollective(集体的)“强调用餐的集体性”collective。60．strengthening。考查非谓语动词。逗号前为主句，空格处需用非谓语动词作结果状语。strengthen（加强）与前面的句子构成主动关系（很多人共享一根面条的结果是加强社会联strengthening。61．arereferred。考查主谓一致、动词的时态和语态。句子主语为“Lanzhoubeefnoodles”，16与动词refer(提及，称为)构成被动关系（被称为“长寿面”数，故填arcreferred。62．based。考查非谓语动浏。固定搭配“basedon”表示“基于……”，在句中作状语，修饰“classifiedintomorethantentypes”，意为“基于厚度被分为十多种类型”。故填based。63who/thattheelderly(老年人)饰先行词theelderlywho或that。64atechnique(技艺)“一种需要大量训练和练习的技艺”，表泛指，故用不定冠词a。65．of。考查介词。此处表示“手工拉制确保面条厚度和质地均匀”，需使用固定结构“of+名词”，相当于形容词，故填of。第四部分第一节【参考范文】DearMr.Brown,I'mthrilledtocontributetothenewcolumnonculturalheritageprotection.Afterthinkingove