2017年高考真题英语(江苏卷)

2017年高考真题英语（江苏卷）一、单项选择题本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分。在每小题给出的4个选项中，有且只有一项是符合题目要求。1.ManyChinesebrands,__________theirreputationsovercenturies,arefacingnewchallengesfromthemodernmarket.

A.havingdeveloped

√

B.beingdeveloped

C.developed

D.developing考察非谓语动词。非谓语动词逻辑主语是ManyChinesebrands，很多中国品牌已经扬名数百年，由overcenturies可知应该用完成式，所以选A2.__________notforthesupportoftheteachers,thestudentcouldnotovercomeherdifficulty.

A.Itwere

B.Wereit

√

C.Itwas

D.Wasit考查虚拟语气。句意为：要不是老师们的支持，这个学生是无法克服她遇到的困难的。虚拟语气中be动词常用were，故选B3.Located_________theBeltmeetstheRoad,JiangsuwillcontributemoretotheBeltandRoadconstruction.

A.why

B.when

C.which

D.where

√考察连词。句意为：位于丝绸之路上的江苏，将为一带一路建设作出更大的贡献。Located，“位于”，后跟地点状语从句，故而选D4.Thepublicationof

GreatExpectations,which_________bothwidelyreviewedandhighlypraised,strengthenedDickens,statusasaleadingnovelist.

A.is

B.are

C.was

√

D.were考查了主谓一致和时态。句意为：《远大前程》的出版获得了广泛认可和高度赞扬，巩固了狄更斯作为著名小说家的地位。《远大前程》是一本书，故而视为单数。结合strengthened可知说的是过去的事实，所以用过去时。故而选C5.WorkingwiththemedicalteaminAfricahas_________thebestinherasadoctor.

A.heldout

B.broughtout

√

C.pickedout

D.givenout考察短语辨析。句意为：与非洲医疗队一起工作展示了她作为一名医生最好的一面。holdout，坚持，伸出，主张，提供；pickout，挑选出；giveout分发，公布，用尽；bringout，出版，使显示，说出；bringoutthebest，显示出最好的一面。故而选B6.Wechoosethishotelbecausethepriceforanighthereisdownto$20,halfof_________itusedtocharge.

A.that

B.which

C.what

√

D.how考察what引导的同位语从句。句意为：我们选择这家宾馆是因为它住一晚的价格下降到了20美元，这是它过去一晚要价一半的价格。故而选C7.Hehurriedhome,neveroncelookingbacktoseeifhe_________.

A.wasbeingfollowed

√

B.wasfollowing

C.hadbeenfollowed

D.Followed考察谓语动词。句意为：他匆匆忙忙往家赶，一次也没有回头看是否有人跟踪。根据句意可知是被动，由hurry的时态可知是过去时。故而选A8.In1963theUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgramme,oneof_____purposesistorelieveworldwidestarvation.

A.which

B.it’s

C.whose

√

D.whom考察定语从句关系词。句意为：联合国建立世界粮食计划署，其中一个目的就是为了缓解世界范围内饥饿问题。考察定语从句关系词whose，意为所属关系。故而选C9.OnlyfiveyearsafterSteveJobs’death,smart–phonesdefeated_________PCsinsales.

A.controversial

B.contractory

C.confidential

D.conventional

√考察形容词词义辨析。A.controversial有争议的；B.contractory矛盾的，相反的；C.confidential机密的，表示信任的；D.conventional传统的，惯例的。句意为：在乔布斯死后短短五年，智能手机在销售额上就超过了传统的个人电脑10.Aquickreviewofsuccessesandfailuresattheendofyearwillhelp_________youryearahead.

A.shape

√

B.switch

C.stretch

D.sharpen考察动词意义辨析。A.shape形成，成形；B.switch转换C.stretch伸开，伸展；D.sharpen使锋利，使改进，使更清晰。句意为：在年终，对一年的成功与失败之处做一个快速的回顾有利于接下来一年的改进。故而答案选A11.He’sbeeninformedthathe_________forthescholarshipbecauseofhisacademicbackground.

A.hasn’tqualified

B.hadn’tqualified

C.doesn’tqualify

√

D.wasn’tqualifying考察谓语动词的时态。句子没有直接显示的时间状语，参考动词时态hasbeeninformed和句意：他已经被告知他不合格，由于他的学术背景，他没能获得奖学金。可知此处应为一般现在时。故而选C12.Determiningwhereweare_________oursurroundingsremainsanessentialskillforoursurvival.

A.incontrastto

B.indefenseof

C.infaceof

D.inrelationto

√考察介词短语。A.incontrastto相比，对比；B.indefenseof保卫，为......辩护；C.infaceof面临，面对；D.inrelationto与......有关，涉及。句意为：在涉及到我们周围的事物时，做好自我定位依然是我们基本的生存技能13.WhatdoesthestuffonyourT-shirtmean?it’snothing.Justsomething_________.

A.asclearasday

B.offthetopofmyhead

√

C.undermynose

D.beyondmywildestdreams考察语境俚语。A.asclearasday一清二楚；B.offthetopofmyhead不假思索，闪念；C.undermynose在我眼皮底下（却没有发现）；D.beyondmywildestdreams出乎预料。根据语境，“没什么意思，不过是一时兴起而已”。故而选B14.Thedisappearanceofdinosaursisnotnecessarilycausedbyastronomicalincidents.But_________explanationsarehardtofind.

A.alternative

√

B.aggressive

C.ambiguous

D.apparent考察形容词词义辨析。A.alternative可供替代的，可供选择的；B.aggressive好斗的，进取的；C.ambiguous模棱两可的；D.apparent明显的。句意为：恐龙消失的原因不一定是天灾事件，但是也很难找到其他的解释。故而选A15.GoingtowatchtheWomen’sVolleyballMatchonWednesday?——!Willyougowithme?

A.Youthere

B.Youbet

√

C.Yougotme

D.Youknowbetter考察情景交际。A.Youthere你在这儿啊（打招呼）；B.Youbet

没错，当然；C.Yougotme你明白我的意思了或你难住我了；D.Youknowbetter你知道的更多或你明知道不该做。由语境可知，答案选B二、完形填空共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分ForalongtimeGabrieldidn’twanttobeinvolvedinmusicatall.Inhisfirstyearsofhighschool,Gabrielwouldlookpityinglyatmusicstudents,

16

acrossthecampuswiththeirheavyinstrumentcases.

17

atschoolforpracticehours

18

anyoneelsehadtobethere.Hesworetohimselfto

19

music,ashehatedgettingtoschoolextraearly.__20___，oneday，inthemusicclassthatwas__21_ofhisschool’sstandardcurriculurn，hewasplayingidly（随意地）onthepianoandfoundit____22___topickouttunes.Withasinkingfeeling,herealizedthatheactually__23__doingit.Hetriedtohidehis__24__pleasurefromthemusicteather,whohad__25__overtolisten.Hemightnothavethisparticularlywell,__26__theteachertoldGabrielthathehadagood___27__andsuggestedthatGabrielgointothemusicstore-roomtiseeifanyoftheinstrumentsthere__28__him.Therehedecidedtogivethecello（大提琴）a__29__.Whenhebeganpracticing,hetookitvery__30__.Buthequicklyfoundthathelovedplayingthisinstrument,andwas__31__topracticingitsothatwithinacoupleofmonthshewasplayingreasonablywell.

This__32__,ofcourse,thathearrivedatschoolearlyinthemorning,__33__hisheavyinstrumentcaseacrossthecampustothe__34__looksofthenon-musicianshehadleft__35__.（1）.

A.travelling

B.marching

C.pacing

D.struggling

√文章首句交代作者不详上音乐课。怜悯的看着......可知此处用struggle最符合语境。A.travelling旅行；B.marching

行军，前进；C.pacing来回踱步，走来走去；D.struggling艰难前进，吃力进行。故而选D。（2）.

A.risingup

B.comingup

C.drivingup

D.turningup

√句意为在音乐练习时间来到学校，A.risingup升起；B.comingup发生，被提出；C.drivingup抬高，开车到来；D.turningup出现，到来。故而选D。（3）.

A.before

√

B.after

C.until

D.since本题中anyoneelse为解题关键。句意为学音乐的学生要比其他学生早到学校。故而选A。（4）.

A.betray

B.accept

C.avoid

√

D.appreciate句意为他发誓接受音乐，因为他讨厌早到校。A.betray背叛；B.accept接受；C.avoid避免，避开；D.appreciate欣赏，感激。可知avoid为符合语境。故而选C。（5）.

A.Therefore

B.However

√

C.Thus

D.Moreover本题需要结合整段意义，作者从讨厌音乐到开始喜欢上音乐。语义应该是转折。A.Therefore因此；B.However然而；C.Thus所以；D.Moreover另外。故而答案选B。（6）.

A.part

√

B.nature

C.basis

D.spirit句意为音乐课是学校标准课程的一部分。故而选A。（7）.

A.complicate

B.safe

C.confusing

D.easy

√句意为......弹奏钢琴时发现辨别音调其实很容易。由此作者发现自己也很喜欢这种感觉。A.complicate复杂的；B.safe安全的；C.confusing困惑的；D.easy容易的。故而选D。（8）.

A.missed

B.disliked

C.enjoyed

√

D.denied参照上一题，作者发现自己也很喜欢这种感觉。故而选C。（9）.

A.transparent

B.obvious

√

C.false

D.similar本题句意为他试着在音乐老师面前隐藏自己的喜悦之情。A.transparent透明的，显而易见的（特指谎言、借口等）；B.obvious明显的，显然的；C.false错误的，假的；D.similar类似的，相似的。故而选B。（10）.

A.run

B.jogged

C.jumped

D.wandered

√句意为作者的老师走过来听他演奏。A.run跑；B.jogged慢跑；C.jumped跳；D.wandered漫步。Wonder最符合语境。故而选D。（11）.

A.because

√

B.but

C.though

D.so本句讲到他可能在钢琴弹奏上没有做的特别好，因为音乐老师认为作者有着很好的辨音能力（ear）并建议他去选一款适合他的乐器。所以选A。（12）.

A.ear

√

B.taste

C.heart

D.voice根据句意音乐老师认为作者有着很好的辨音能力。A.ear灵敏的听力，辨音力；B.taste品味，鉴赏力；C.heart心脏，内心；D.voice嗓音，呼声。故而选A。（13）.

A.occurred

B.tookto

C.appealed

√

D.heldto句意为.......去看看是否有乐器可以吸引他。A.occurredto发生；想起；B.tookto喜欢，习惯于；C.appealedto吸引；D.heldto紧握，坚持。故而选C。（14）.

A.change

B.chance

√

C.mission

D.function根据句意可知，作者准备试一试大提琴。A.change改变；B.chance机会；C.mission任务；D.function功能，作用。故而选B。（15）.

A.seriously

B.proudly

C.casually

√

D.natrually上句提到作者准备试一试大提琴，可知开始没有接触过大提琴；在结合后面的but可知casually偶然的，未加考虑的最符合语境。A.seriously

认真的，严肃的；B.proudly骄傲的；D.natrually自然地。故而选C。（16）.

A.committed

√

B.used

C.limited

D.admitted本题考查固定搭配。A项becommittedtodoing，致力于，献身于符合语境。B.used

习惯于；C.limited被限制于......D.admitted被录取，允许进入......故而选A。（17）.

A.proved

B.showed

C.stressed

D.meant

√句意为......意为着作者要去做那些他以前发誓也不会做的事情。Mean，打算，意味着；故而选D。（18）.

A.pushing

B.dragging

√

C.lifting

D.rushing本题对应首段第36题。作者将拖着沉重的乐器箱穿梭于校园。A.pushing推，移动；B.dragging使劲而吃力的拖、拉、拽；C.lifting举起，升起；D.rushing冲。故而选B。（19）.

A.admiring

B.pitying

√

C.annoying

D.teasing由第一段pityingly可知此处pitying最符合语境。所以选B。（20）.

A.over

B.aside

C.behind

√

D.out作者开始满怀怜悯的看着那些音乐生，现在其他学生也这样看着他，而作者已经不予理会。leaveout，遗漏，忽略。所以选C。三、阅读理解共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分ACHRONOLOGICA——TheUnbelievableYearsthatDefinedHistoryDIDYOUKNOW…

In105ADpaperwasinventedinChina?

WhenColumbusdiscoveredtheNewWorld?

TheBritishMuseumopenedin1759?CHRONOLOGICAisafascinatingjourneythroughtime,fromthefoundationofRometothecreationoftheinternet.Alongthewayaretalesofkingsandqueens,hotairballoons…andmonkeysinspace.Travelthrough100ofthemostunbelievableyearsinworldhistoryandledrnwhybeingaRomanEmperorwasn’talwaysasgoodasitsounds,howtheHundredYears’Wardidn’tactuallylastfor100yearsandwhySpencerPercevalholdsaratherunfortunaterecord.CHRONOLOGICAisaninformativeandentertainingtourintohistory,beautifullyillustratedandfullofunbelievablefacts.WhileCHRONOLOGICAtellsthestoriesoffamouspeopleinhistorysuchasThomasEdisonandAlexandertheGreat,thisbookalsogivesabaccountofthelivesoflesser-knownindividualsincludingtheexploeerMungoParkandsculptorGutzonBorglum.Thiscompletebutbriefhistoricalcollectioniscertaintoentertainreadersyoungandold,andguaranteedtopresenteventhebiggesthistoryloverwithsomgthingnew!（1）.What

is

CHRONOLOGICA

according

to

the

next?

A.Abiography

B.Atravelguide

C.Ahistorybook

√

D.Asciencefiction由第四段第五行“thisbookalsogivesabaccount...”可知CHRONOLOGICA是本书；文章副标题——TheUnbelievableYearsthatDefinedHistory、第四段第一句CHRONOLOGICAisaninformativeandentertainingtourintohistory、第五段第一行Thiscompletebutbriefhistoricalcollectioniscertain...都可以看出这本书与历史有关。故而选C。（2）.How

does

the

writer

recommend

CHRONOLOGICA

to

readers?

A.Bygivingdetailsofitscollection

B.Byintroducingsomeofitscontents

√

C.Bytellingstoriesatthebeginning

D.Bycomparingitwithotherbooks第一段通过问题和三个历史事件引出这本书；第二段介绍这本书涉及的内容；第三段写的是通过这本书可以了解到的历史问题；第四段写的是这本书介绍了一些历史人物和事件；第五段介绍了这本书的受众。故而选B。BBeforebirth,babiescantellthedifferencebetweenloudsoundsandvoices.Theycanevendistinguishtheirmother’svoicefromthatofafemalestranger.Butwhenitcomestoembryoniclearning（胎教），birdscouldruletheroost.AsrecentlyreportedinTheAuk:OrnithologicalAdrances,somemotherbirdsmayteachtheiryoungtosingevenbeforetheyhatch（孵化）。New-bornchickscanthenimitatetheirmom’scallwithinafewdaysofeneringtheworld.

Thiseducationalmethodwasfirstobservedin2012bySoniaKieindorfer,abiologistatFlindersUniversityinSouthAustralia,andhercollcagues.FemakeAustraliansuperbfairywrenswerefoundtorepeatonesoundoverandoveragainwhilehatchingtheirerrs,Whentheerrswerehatched,thebabybirdsmadethesimilarchirptotheirmothers—asoundthatservedastheirregular“feedme!”call.Tofindoutifthespecialqualitywasmorewidespreadinbirds,theresearcherssoughtthered-backedfairywren,anotherspeciesofAustraliansongbird.Firsttheycollectedsounddatdfrom67nestsinfoursitesinQueenslangbeforeandafterhatching,Thentheyidentifiedbeggingcallsbyanalyzingtheorderandnumberofnotes.Acomputeranalysisblindlycomparedcallsproducedbymothersandchicks,rankingthembysimilarity.

Itturnsoutthatbabyred-backedfairywrensalsoemergechirpingliketheirmoms.Andthemorefrequentlymothershadcalledtotheirerrs,themoresimilarwerethebabies’beggingcalls.Inaddition,theteamsetupaseparateexperimentthatsuggestedthatthebabybirdsthatmostcloselyimitatedtheirmom’svoicewererewardedwiththemostfood.Thisobservationhintsthateffectiveembryoniclearningcouldsignalneurological（神经系统的）strengthsofchildrentoparents.Anevolutionaryinferencecanthenbedrawn.”Asaparent,doyouinvestinqualitychildren,ordoyouinvestinchildrenthatareinneed?”Kleindorferasks.”Ourresultssuggestthattheymightbegoingforquality.”（1）.TheunderlinedphraseinParagraph1means“

”？

A.betheworst

B.bethebest

√

C.betheasbad

D.bejustasgood词义猜测题。准确理解上下文，利用but来猜测词义。由前面胎儿出生前就可以辨别声音结合but可知随后说在胎教方面鸟儿做的更好或者最好。故而选B。（2）.WhatareKleindorfer’sfindingsbasedon?

A.Similaritiesbetweenthecallsmomsandchicks

√

B.TheobservationoffairywrensacrossAustralia

C.ThedatacollectedfromQueensland’slocals

D.Controlledexperimentsonwrensandotherbirds细节理解题。由第二段第三行对FemakeAustraliansuperbfairywrenswerefound...和第三段第二行thered-backedfairywren...进行记录，而非整个澳大利亚，排除B；由文章第三段第二三行Firsttheycollectedsounddatdfrom67nestsinfoursitesinQueenslang...并未提到当地人，信息不准确，故排除C；D项中并未提到其他鸟类，排除。基于文章意思，所有发现都是基于最后一段母鸡和雌鸡的相似性而进行的。所以选A。（3）.Embryoniclearninghelpsmotherbirdstoidentifythebabybirdswhich

A.canreceivequalitysignals

B.areinneedoftraining

C.fittheenvironmentbetter

√

D.maketheloudestcall推理判断题。文章倒数第二段最后一句提到“......单独的实验表明模仿母鸟的声音最接近的雌鸟会得到更多的食物。”和最后一段最后一句“作为父母，你是想要质量优良的孩子还是想要需要帮助的孩子，我们的结果表明它们想要质量优良的孩子”，由此推断母鸟通过胎教来确定最会模仿它们声音质量优良的雏鸟无需过多帮助就能更好的适应环境。所以答案选C。CAnewcommoditybringsaboutahighlyprofitable,fast-growingindustry,urgingantitrust（反垄断）regulatorstostepintocheckthosewhocontrolitsflow.Acenturyago,theresourceinquestionwasoil.Nowsimilarconcernsaresbeingraisedbythegiants（巨头）thatdealindata,theoilofthedigitalage.ThemostvaluablefirmsareGoogle,Amazon,FacebookandMicrosoft.Alllookunstoppable.Suchsituationshaveledtocallsforthetechgiantstobebrokenup.Butsizealoneisnotacrime,Thegiants'successhasbenefitedconsumers.Fewwanttolivewithoutsearchenginesoraquickdelivery,Farfromchargingconsumershighprices,manyoftheseservicesarefree（userspay,ineffect,byhandingoveryetmoredata）.Andtheappearanceofnew-borngiantssuggeststhatnewcomerscanmakewaves,too.

Butthereiscauseforconcern.Theinternethasmadedataabundant,all-presentandfarmorevaluable,changingthenatureofdataandcompetition.Googleinitiallyusedthedatacollectedfromuserstotargetadvertisingbetter.Butrecentlyithasdiscoveredthatdatacanbeturnedintonewservices:translationandvisualrecognition,tobesoldtoothercompanies.Internetcompanies’controlofdatagivesthemenormouspower.Sotheyhavea“God’seyeview”ofactivitiesintheirownmarketsandbeyond.Thisnatureofdatamakestheantitrustmeasuresofthepastlessuseful.BreakingupfirmslikeGoogleintofivesmalloneswouldnotstopremakingthemselves:intime,oneofthemwouldbecomegreatagain.Arethinkisrequired—andasanewapproachstartstobecomeapparent,twoideasstandout.Thefirstisthatantitrustauthoritiesneedtomoveformtheindustrialageintothe21stcentury.Whenconsideringamerger（兼并）,forexample,theyhavetraditionallyusedsizetodeterminewhentostepin.Theynowneedtotakeintoaccounttheextentoffirms'dataassets（资产）whenassessingtheimpactofdeals.Thepurchasepricecouldalsobeasignalthatanestablishedcompanyisbuyinganew-bormthreat.Whenthistakesplace,especiallywhenanew-borncompanyhasnorevenuetospeakof,theregulatorsshouldraiseredflags.

The

second

principle

is

to

loosen

the

control

that

providers

of

on-line

services

have

over

data

and

give

more

to

those

who

supply

them.Companies

could

be

forced

to

consumers

what

information

they

hold

and

how

many

money

they

make

form

it.Govemments

could

order

the

sharing

of

certain

kinds

of

data,with

users'

consent.Restarting

antitrust

for

the

information

age

will

not

be

easy

But

if

govemments

don't

wants

a

data

oconomy

by

a

few

giants,they

must

act

soon.

（1）.Whyisthereacalltobreakupgiants?

A.Theyhavecontrolledthedatamarket

√

B.Theycollectenormousprivatedata

C.Theynolongerprovidefreeservices

D.Theydismissedsomenew-borngiants细节理解题。根据关键词定位到第二段第一句，Suchsituationshaveledtocallsforthetechgiantstobebrokenup.Butsizealoneisnotacrime,...由such找到第一段第一句，urgingantitrust（反垄断）regulatorstostepintocheckthose...可知因为这些巨头控制了数据市场，人们才呼吁解散那些巨头。故而选A。（2）.WhatdoesthetechnologicalinnovationinParagraph3indicate?

A.Datagiants’technologyisveryexpensive

B.Google’sideaispopularamongdatafirms

C.Datacanstrengthengiants’controllingposition

√

D.Datacanbeturnedintonewservicesorproducts推理判断题。根据关键词定位到第三段最后两句，Internetcompanies’controlofdatagivesthemenormouspower.Sotheyhavea“God’seyeview”ofactivitiesintheirownmarketsandbeyond.可知网络公司对于数据的控制给了他们巨大的权利，它们甚至可以用上帝的眼光来看待它们的市场活动，这进一步加强了那些巨头的地位。所以选C。（3）.Bypayingattentiontofirms’dataassets,antitrustregulatorscould

A.killanewthreat

B.avoidthesizetrap

√

C.favourbiggerfirms

D.chargehigherprices推理判断题。根据关键词定位到第五段前三句，Thefirstisthatantitrustauthoritiesneedtomoveformtheindustrialageintothe21stcentury.Whenconsideringamerger（兼并）,forexample,theyhavetraditionallyusedsizetodeterminewhentostepin.Theynowneedtotakeintoaccounttheextentoffirms'dataassets（资产）whenassessingtheimpactofdeals.可知反垄断组织以前一直是根据公司的规模来决定是否介入，而现在需要考虑那些公司的数据库的范围，所以答案选B。（4）.Whatisthepurposeoflooseningthegiants’controlofdata?

A.Bigcompaniescouldrelievedatasecuritypressure

B.Governmentscouldrelievetheirfinancialpressure

C.Consumerscouldbetterprotecttheirprivacy

D.Smallcompaniescouldgetmoreopportunities

√推理判断题。根据关键词定位到第六段可知，大公司要披露给消费者它们掌握了多少信息，政府也要根据消费者的满意度来决定。所以答案选D。DOldProblem，NewApproachesWhilecleanenergyisincreasinglyusedinourdailylife，globalwarningwillcontinueforsomedecadesafterCO2emissions（排放）peak.Soevenifemissionweretobegindecreasetoday，wewouldstillfacethechallengeofadaptingtoclimate.HereIwillstresssomesmarterandmorecreativeexamplesofclimateadaptation.Whenitcomestoadaptation，itisimportanttounderstandthatclimatechangeisaprocess.Wearethereforenottalkingaboutadaptingtoanewstandard，buttoaconstantlyshiftingsetofconditions.Thisiswhyinpartatleast，theUSNationalClimateAssessmentsaysthat:”thereisno‘one-sizefitall’adaptation.”Nevertheless，therearesomeactionsthatoffermuchandcarrylittleriskorcost.Aroundtheworldpeopleareadaptinginsurprisingways，especiallyinsomepoor

countries，FloodshavesomemoredamaginginBangladeshinrecentdecades.MohammedRezwansawopportunitywhereotherssawonlydisaster.Hisnot-for-profitorganizationruns100riverboatsthatserverasfloatinglibraries，scbools，andhealthclinics，andareequipmentwithsolarpanelsandothercommunicationfacilities.Rezwaniscreatingfloatingconnecticity（连体）toreplacefloodedroadsandhighways.Butheisalsoworkingatafarmorefundamentallevel：hisstaffpeoplehowtomakefloatinggardensfishpondspreventatarcationduringthewetseason.Aroundtheworld,peopleareadaptinginsurprisingways,especiallyinsomepoorcountries,FllodshavebecomemoredamaginginBangladeshinrecentdecades.MobammedRezwansawopportunilywhereotherssawonlydisaster.Hisnot-for-profitorganizationruns100riverboatsthatserveasfloatinglibraries,schoods,andhealthclinics,andareequippedwithsolarpanelsandothercommunicatingfacilities.Rezwaniscreatingfloatingconmetivity（连接）toreplacefloodedroadsandhighways.Butheisalsoworkingatafarmorefundamentallevel:hisstaffshowpeoplehowtomakefloatinggardensandfishpondstopreventstarvationduringthewetseason.ElsewhereinAsiaevenmoreastonishingactionsarebeingtaken.Chewang.NophellivesinamountaionousregioninIndia,whereheisknownastheIceMan.Thelossofglaciers（冰川）thereduetoglobalwarmingrepresentsanenormousthreattoagriculture.Withouttheglaciers,waterwillarriveintheriversattimeswhenitcandamagecrops.Norphel’sinspirationcomefromseeingthewasteofwateroverwinter,whenitwasnotneeded.Hedirectedthewastedwaterintoshallowbasinswhereitfroze,andwasstoreduntilthespring.Hisfieldsoficesupplyperfectlytimedirrigation（灌溉）water.Havingcreatedninesuchicereserves.Nophelcalculatesthathehasstoredabout200,000m3

ofwater.Climatechangeisacontinuingprocess,soNorhel’sicereserveswillnotlastforever.Warmingwillovertakethem.Butheisprovidingafewyearsduringwhichthefarmerswill,perhaps,beabletofindothermeansofadapting.IncreasingEarth’sreflectivenesscancooltheplanet.InsouthernSpainthesuddenincreaseofgreenhouses（whichreflectlightbacktospace）haschangedthewarmingtrendlocally,andactuallycooledtheregion.WhileSpainasawholeisheatingupquickly,temperaturesnearthegreenhouseshavedecreased.Thisexampleshouldactasaninspirationforallcities.Bypaintingbuildingswhite,citiesmayslowdownthewarmingprocess.InPeni,localfarmersaroundamountainwithaglacierthathasalreadyfallenvictimtoclimatechangehavebegunpaintingtheentiremountainpeakwhiteinthehopethattheaddedreflectivenesswillrestorethelife-givingice.Theoutcomeisstillfarfromclear,ButtheWorldBankhasincludedtheprojectonitsof‘100ideastosavetheplanet”.Moreordinaryformsofadaptationarehappeningeverywhere.AfriendofmineownsanareaoflandinwesternVictoria.Overfivegenerationsthelandhasbeentoowetforcropping.Butduringthepastdecadedecliningrainfallhasallowshimtoplanthighlyprofitablecrops.Farmersinmanycountriesarealsoadaptinglikethis—eitherbygrowingnewproduce,orbygrowingthesamethingsdifferently.Thisiscommonsense,Butsomesuggestionsforadaptingarenot.Whenthepollutingindustriesarguethatwe’velostthebattletocontrolcarbonpollutionandhavenochoicebuttoadapt,it’sanonsensedesignedtomakethecaseforbusinessasusual.Humanbeingswillcontinuetoadapttothechangingclimateinbothordinaryandastonishingways.Butthemostsensibleformofadaptationissurelytoadaptourenergysystemstoemitlesscarbonpollution.Afterall,ifweadaptintheway,wemayavoidtheneedtochangeinsomanyothers.（1）.TheunderlinedpartinParagraph2implies？

A.adaptationisanever-changingprocess

√

B.thecostofadaptationvarieswithtime

C.globalwarmingaffectsadaptationforms

D.adaptationtoclimatechangeischallenging推理判断题。提问第二段划线句暗示了什么。Onesizefitsforall意为通用的，以不变应万变的。整句话再说没有通用的适用方法。第二段总述“气候变化是一个过程，适应性方法也在不断地调整。”划线句后一句由nevertheless开头，后面这句话一定有关键信息，此句说明我们可以选择其他风险低和耗费低的方法。那么划线句就是说划线句adaptation的方法很多。故而选A。（2）.WhatisspecialwithregardtoRezwan’sproject?

A.Theprojectreceivesgovernmentsupport

B.Differentorganizationsworkwitheachother

C.Hisorganizationmakesthebestofabadsituation

√

D.Theprojectconnectsfloodedroadsandhighways细节理解题。根据关键词定位到第三段第二行，MohammedRezwansawopportunitywhereotherssawonlydisaster.以及他之后采取的用船充当基础设施的举措可看出，充分利用了当前条件。所以选C。（3）.WhatdidtheIceMandotoreducetheeffectofglobalwarming?

A.Storingiceforfutureuse

√

B.Protectingtheglaciersfrommelting

C.Changingtheirrigationtime

D.Postponingthemeltingoftheglaciers细节理解题。根据关键词定位到第四段第二行，Thelossofglaciers（冰川）thereduetoglobalwarming以及第四行Norphel’sinspirationcomefromseeingthewasteofwateroverwinter,whenitwasnotneeded.Hedirectedthewastedwaterintoshallowbasinswhereitfroze,andwasstoreduntilthespring.这句话讲到他的方式是将冰川融化浪费的水储存起来，等到需要的时候再使用。所以答案选A。（4）.WhatdowelearnfromthePeruexample?

A.Whitepaintisusuallysafeforbuildings

B.Theglobalwarmingtreadcannotbestopped

C.Thiscountryisheatinguptooquickly

D.Sunlightreflectionmayrelieveglobalwarming

√推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句，Bypaintingbuildingswhite,citiesmayslowdownthewarmingprocess.以及第六段的paintingtheentiremountainpeakwhiteinthehopethat...可知通过将墙涂成白色，利用光的反射原理可以缓解全球气候变暖并且Peru的措施验证了这一点。所以答案选D。（5）.Accordingtotheauthor,pollutingindustriesshould？

A.adapttocarbonpollution

B.planthighlyprofitablecrops

C.leavecarbonemissionalone

D.fightagainstcarbonpollution

√推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第七句，Whenthepollutingindustriesarguethatwe’velostthebattletocontrolcarbonpollutionandhavenochoicebuttoadapt,it’sanonsensedesignedtomakethecaseforbusinessasusual.可知目前你一些污染企业说它们已经失去了对谈污染的控制，但作者认为这个说辞是胡说，一派胡言。故可直接选择与失去控制相反的D项，即与污染积极斗争。故而答案选D。（6）.What’stheauthor’spreferredsolutiontoglobalwarming?

A.settingupanewstandard

B.Readucingcarbonemission

√

C.Adaptingtoclimatechange

D.Monitoringpollutingindustries推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二行中，themostsensibleformofadaptationissurelytoadaptourenergysystemstoemitlesscarbonpollution.可知作者认为最合理的应对全球变暖的方法还是改变我们的能源系统来减少二氧化碳的排放，从根源上缓解气后变暖。故而选择B项。四、阅读理解

16.PopulationChangeWhyistheworld’spopulationgrowing？Theanswerisnotwhatyoumightthink.Thereasonfortheexplosionisnotthatpeoplehavebeenreproducinglikerabbits,butthatpeoplehavestoppeddroppingdeadlikeflies.In1900,peoplediedattheaverageageof30.By2000theaverageagewas65.Butwhileincreasinghealthwasatupicalfeatureofthe20thcentury,decliningbirthratecouldbeadefiningoneofthe21st.Statisticsshowthattheaveragenumberofbirthsperwomanhasfallenfrom4.9intheearly1960sto2.5owadays.Furthermore,around50%oftheworld’spopulationliveinregionswherethefigureisnowbelowthereplacementlevel（i.e.2.1birthsperwoman）andalmostalldevelopednationsareexperiencingsub-repalanementbirthrate.Youmightthinkthatdevelopingnationswouldmakeuptheloss（especiallysince80%oftheworld’speoplenowliveinsuchnations）,butyou’dbewrong,Decliningbirthrateisamajorprobleminmanydevelopingregionstoo,whichmightcausecatastrophicglobalshortagesofworkforcewithinafewdecades.AgreatdeclineinyoungworkforceislikelytooccurinChina,forinstance.Whatdoesitimply?First,Chinaneedstoundergorapideconomicdevelopmentbeforeapopulationdeclinehitsthecountry.Sencond,ifotherfactorssuchastechnologyremainconstant,economicgrowthandmaterialexpectationswillfallwellbelowrecentstandardsandthiscouldinvitetrouble.Russiaisanothercountrywithpopulationproblemsthatcouldbreakitseconomicpromise.Since1992thenumberofpeopledyinghasbeenbiggenthanthatofthosebeingbornbyamassive50%,Indeedofficialfiguressuggestthecountryhasshrunkby5%since1993andpeopleinRussialiveashorterlifenowthanthosein1961.Whyisthisoccurring?Nobodyisquitesure,butpoordietanabovealllong-timealcoholismhavemuchtodowithit.Ifcurrenttrendsdon’tbend.Russia’spopulationwillbeaboutthesizeofYemen’sbytheyear2050.Inthenorthofindia,thepopulationisboomingduetohighbirthrates,butinthesouth,wheremosteconmoicdevelopmentistakingplace,birthrateisfallingrapidly.Inafurthertwist,birthrateishighestinpoorlyeducatedruralarceasanlowestinhighlyeducatedurbanareas.Intotal,25%ofIndia’sworking-agepopulationhasnoeducation.In2030,asixthofthecountry’spotentialworkforcecouldbetotallyuneducated.Onesolutionisobviouslytoimportforeignworkersviaimmigration.AsfortheUSA,itisalmostuniqueamongdevelopednationsinhavingapopulationthatisexpectedtogrowby20%from2010-2030,Moreover,theUSAhasatrackrecordofsuccessfullyacceptingimmigrants.Asaresultit’slikelytoseeariseinthesizeofitsworking-agepopulationandtowitnessstrongeconomicgrowthoverthelongerterm.（1）填空项1:___