湖北省武汉某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期9月月考英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省武汉某中学2025-2026学年高二上学期9月月考英语试卷第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIntoday’sfast-paceddigitalworld,manyofusstrugglewithdistractionandburnout.It’schallengingtostayfocusedandproductivewithconstantinterruptionsandthepressuretomanagemultipletasks.Thereforewebringtoyou—TheSukhaapp.Sukhaisaproductivity-boostingfocusappthathelpsyoucompletetasksmoreefficientlybyprovidingtoolsthatpromotefocusandcommunitysupport.Thisproductivitysoftwaresilencesdistractions(干扰),playsfocusmusic,andstartsapomodorotimer(番茄计时器)withjustaclick.Sukhaensuresyoustayontrackandfinishyourworkfaster.FeaturesofSukhaPhoneDistractionElimination(消除)Silencedistractionsandcreateabestworkenvironmenttoensureyoustayfocusedonthetaskathand,minimizinginterruptionsandincreasingefficiency.Thenexttimeyoupickupyoursmartphone,thescreenwillautomaticallystartflashingtokeepyouawayfromit.FocusMusic●Offersaselectionoffocusmusictracksthathelpyougetintotheflowandmaintainyourconcentrationforlongerperiods.CommunityIntegration●Workalongsidefriendsandpeoplearoundtheworld.●Feelpartofasupportivecommunitybyseeingothersworkinginrealtime,providingmotivationandreducingthesenseofisolation(孤立).SukhaVSOtherProductivityAppsTherearemanyotherproductivityapps.Theyarealsosimpleandeasytouseandsetup.Whilethesetypesoftoolsofferdifferentfeatures,theytendtoworkinisolation.However,Sukhatakesauniqueapproach.WithSukha,yourneedsaremetinoneplace.Youcanintegrateotherappsintotheplatform.Forexample,byaddingyourCalendar,youensurethatyou’reontimeforanyupcomingonlinemeetings.Productivityisn’tlimitedtotheplatformbutextendstointegratedapps.Youhaveacompletesystemtoworksmarter.Thisdoesn’thappenelsewherebutwithinSukha.SukhaPricingWeareexcitedtoannouncethatSukhanowoffersa14-dayfreetrialforallnewusers.Aftertheconclusionofyour14-daytrial,youwillbeautomaticallymovedtotheBasicPlanatnocost.However,ifyouwishtocontinuewiththeProSubscription,youneedtopay$10permonth.IfyouhaveanyquestionsregardingtheSukhaProSubscriptionorthe14-daytrialversion,pleasedonothesitatetogetintouchwithoursupportteamatsupport@centered.app.So,whatareyouwaitingfor?1.WhatistheaimofSukha?A.Tocreatefocusmusic. B.Toproducenovelideas.C.Toenhanceworkingefficiency. D.Touniteawholecommunity.2.WhatisuniquetoSukha?A.It’seasytouseandsetup. B.Itprovidesdifferentfeatures.C.Itcanminimizeinterruptions. D.Itworkstogetherwithotherapps.3.HowwillSukhachargeusersafterthetrialperiod?A.Userswillcontinuetohaveaccesstoallfeaturesforfree.B.Userswillbechargedaone-timefeeof10afterthetrial.C.Userswillbecharged10permonthfortheProSubscription.D.UserswillautomaticallybemovedtotheProSubscriptionatnocost.【答案】1.C2.D3.C【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一款提高工作效率的应用程序Sukha的情况。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Sukhaisaproductivity-boostingfocusappthathelpsyoucompletetasksmoreefficientlybyprovidingtoolsthatpromotefocusandcommunitysupport.(Sukha是一款提高工作效率的专注应用程序，通过提供促进专注和社区支持的工具，帮助你更有效地完成任务)”可知，Sukha的目的是提高工作效率。故选C。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“However,Sukhatakesauniqueapproach.WithSukha,yourneedsaremetinoneplace.Youcanintegrateotherappsintotheplatform.(然而，Sukha采用了一种独特的方法。有了Sukha，你的需求在一个地方得到满足。你可以将其他应用程序集成到平台中)”可知，Sukha的特别之处是它能与其他应用程序一起工作。故选D。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“However,ifyouwishtocontinuewiththeProSubscription,youneedtopay$10permonth.(但是，如果你希望继续使用Pro订阅，则需要每月支付10美元)”可知，试用期结束后，用户将收取每月10美元的专业订阅费用。故选C。B“Areyoustillclimbingallthosestairs?”Thequestioncomesafterfriendssay,“You’relookinggood,”consideratelynotadding,“foryourage.”“Yup.Stilltappingupanddown.”Idoalittlesoftshoedancingforemphasis.“JustlikeShirleyTempleandBillWhatzisnameinthatmusicalyearsago.”Theyshaketheirheads.Sameoldquestion,sameoldresponse.They’vebeenjokingwithusaboutourhardwoodstairseversinceweboughtthisoldfarmhouse50yearsago.Therewerethreeflights,onefromthemainfloorbendingtothesecond,anarrowflighttothethird－floorrooms,andnarrowstairsdowntothebasement.Thestairsdidn’tseemaproblemwhenwemovedin.Wewereyounger,livelierandranupanddownmanytimesadaywithoutconcern.Thoughaswegrewolder,carryingaloadoffreshlywashedclothesfromthebasementtothethirdfloorcouldbetiringandwe’dhavetopausetocatchourbreathonthelandings.Ourdaughterbroughtafriendovertomeetthe“oldfolksathome”andonhisveryfirstvisithelookedupatthestairsandsaid,“Thesecouldbedangerous.Haveyoueverthoughtaboutputtingrubbertreadsonthem?”Wedidsoattherequestofmydaughter,butweremovedthemlaterbecausetheyweredustcollectors.Ourson,homefromtheWestCoastforavisitbutreallytocheckonhisagingparents,suggested,“Youmightinvestigateoneofthoseliftswhereyousitdown,pressabuttonandriseup.”“Whathappensifthere’sapowerfailure?”weprotested.“Andourlegshaveweakenedbecauseofnoexercise.”Somepeoplerun,somedrivetothegym,andotherswearwatchestocounttheirsteps.ButafewtripsupanddownstairsafterbreakfastgetmybloodflowingandthemusclesworkingandI’msetfortheday.OccasionallymybackachesandI’mreducedtoasnail’space.Butspeedisnolongerapriority.4.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodobyrespondingtoherfriendsinthatmanner?A.Showhergratitudefortheirconcern. B.Defendherdailyhabitofusingstairs.C.Stopthemfromaskingthesamequestion. D.Hideherembarrassmentaboutthebrokenstairs.5.Whattroublestheauthor’schildrenmostaboutthestairs?A.Theirsafety. B.Theirappearance.C.Theirmaintenance. D.Theireffectiveness.6.Howdothestairsbenefittheauthor?A.Theyprovideasenseofbelonging. B.Theyserveasareminderofherpast.C.Theyhelpherstayactiveandmobile. D.Theyofferabeautifulviewofthesurroundingarea.7.Whatsortofpersonistheauthor?A.Athleticanddetermined. B.Sensitiveandtraditional.C.Practicalandeconomical. D.Optimisticandindependent.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在居住了50年的老农场房子里，面对朋友和子女对家中众多楼梯安全性的担忧和各种建议，坚持每天爬楼梯，并认为爬楼梯有助于自己保持活力的故事。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段““Yup.Stilltappingupanddown.”Idoalittlesoftshoedancingforemphasis.“JustlikeShirleyTempleandBillWhatzisnameinthatmusicalyearsago.(“是的，还在楼上楼下跑呢。”我做了个软鞋舞的小动作来强调。“就像多年前那部音乐剧中的秀兰・邓波儿和那个叫比尔什么的人一样。”)”可知，作者用轻松幽默的方式回应朋友关于爬楼梯的问题，强调自己仍在坚持爬楼梯。结合最后一段“Butafewtripsupanddownstairsafterbreakfastgetmybloodflowingandthemusclesworking(但早餐后上下几次楼梯能让我血液循环，肌肉活动起来)”可推知，作者把爬楼梯当作日常锻炼，是一种生活习惯。所以作者这样回应朋友是为了捍卫自己使用楼梯的日常习惯。故选B。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段“Thesecouldbedangerous.Haveyoueverthoughtaboutputtingrubbertreadsonthem?(这些可能很危险。你们有没有想过在上面铺橡胶踏板？)”以及第六段“Youmightinvestigateoneofthoseliftswhereyousitdown,pressabuttonandriseup.(你们可以考虑装那种坐上去，按个按钮就能上升的电梯)”可知，孩子们最担心的是楼梯的安全性。故选A。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“ButafewtripsupanddownstairsafterbreakfastgetmybloodflowingandthemusclesworkingandI’msetfortheday.(但是早餐后上下爬几次楼梯能让我的血液流动起来，肌肉活动起来，我一天都精力充沛)”可知，楼梯帮助作者保持活跃和行动能力。选项C（它们帮助她保持活跃和行动能力）符合文意；选项A（它们提供一种归属感）、选项B（它们作为她过去的提醒）、选项D（它们提供周围区域的美丽景色）文中均未提及，排除。故选C。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Somepeoplerun,somedrivetothegym,andotherswearwatchestocounttheirsteps.ButafewtripsupanddownstairsafterbreakfastgetmybloodflowingandthemusclesworkingandI’msetfortheday.OccasionallymybackachesandI’mreducedtoasnail’space.Butspeedisnolongerapriority.(有些人跑步，有些人开车去健身房，还有些人戴着手表计步。但早餐后上下爬几次楼梯就能让我血液流通，肌肉活动起来，我一天都精神满满。偶尔我的背会疼，我就慢得像蜗牛一样。但速度不再是首要考虑的因素)”可推知，面对背部疼痛等困难，作者依然坚持爬楼梯，并且以积极的心态看待爬楼梯这件事，不依赖他人建议改变自己的习惯，体现出作者乐观且独立的性格特点。故选D。CLikerollingintoagasstationduringaroadtrip,whalesharksuseoilandgasplatformsasabriefstopduringtheirmigrationsofthousandsofkilometersacrosstheoceans.Thehuman-madestructuresattractmarinelife—includingthesharks’favoritesnack:plankton(浮游生物).Butexpertsworrythatthisattractioncouldputtheendangeredgiantcreaturesatriskofshipstrikeorchemicalpollution.SatellitetrackingofwhalesharksoffthecoastofwesternAustraliashowshowoilandgasplatformsinfluencethemovementsofthesegentlegiants,marineecologistBenD’Antonio,oftheAustralianInstituteofMarineScienceandUniversityofWesternAustralia,andcolleaguesreportedonJanuary18.“Thinkofseafloorfeatureslikeatruckstoponahighway,”D’Antoniosays.“Onafamilyvacation,weoftenpullintotruckstopstofuelupandgrabaquickbitebeforeheadingtoourfinaldestination.Whalesharksseemtobeusingseafloorfeaturesinasimilarway.”Over14years,theresearcherstagged78whalesharks,trackedtheirmovementsandcross-checkedthelocationoflandformcharacteristicstoseehowtheseaffectthesharks’routes.Whilenaturalcanyonsandseamountsalsoactasbriefstops,thisattractiontowardsoilplatforms—possiblyenhancedbyplankton’sattractiontotheplatforms’raysoflight—couldputthehugeanimalsatriskofbeinghitbyashiporpollutionfromoilspillsordischarges.It’simpossibletoknowexactlyhowmanyarebeingkilledbyshipsbecausetheirbodiessinkwithoutasign.Theresearchershopethisfindingwillhelpdecisionmakersmanagingmarineprotectedareasandraiseawarenessofthepotentialimpactonmarinelifewhenhuman-madeplatformsaredisusedornewstructuresarebuilt.“Thiswillbecomemorerelevantasdevelopmentsforrenewableenergybegintoaddadditionalstructuretomanycoastalareas,”D’Antoniosays.8.Whydowhalesharksuseoilandgasplatformsasabriefstop?A.Toadmiretheman-madestructures. B.Togetfoodattractedbytheplatforms.C.Toattractotherspeciesofmarinelife. D.Toattackshipsstoppingattheplace.9.Whatriskcanwhalesharksmeetwhenapproachingoilandgasplatforms?A.Collidingwithships. B.Missingtheirsnacks.C.Beinghuntedbypeople. D.Beingdisturbedbytourists.10.Whyisitimpossibletoknowexactlyhowmanywhalesharksarekilledbyships?A.Theirbodiesarequicklyeatenbypredators. B.Theirbodiessinkwithoutleavingatrace.C.Shipstrikesarerarelyreportedbysailors. D.Trackingdevicesfailtorecordfatalcollisions.11.Whatroledotheresearchershopethisfindingwillplay?A.Promotetheeconomyofcoastalcities.B.Improvethestabilityofthegasplatforms.C.Assistdecisionmakerswithstructureplanning.D.Helpcountriestoupgradeenergystructures.【答案】8.B9.A10.B11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍鲸鲨将油气平台作停留点及此行为带来的风险与研究意义。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Likerollingintoagasstationduringaroadtrip,whalesharksuseoilandgasplatformsasabriefstopduringtheirmigrationsofthousandsofkilometersacrosstheoceans.Thehuman-madestructuresattractmarinelife—includingthesharks’favoritesnack:plankton(浮游生物).(就像在公路旅行中驶入加油站一样，鲸鲨在跨越数千公里海洋的迁徙途中，会将石油和天然气平台当作短暂停歇之处。这些人造建筑会吸引海洋生物——包括鲸鲨最喜爱的小吃：浮游生物。)”可知，鲸鲨把油气平台当作短暂停留地是为了获取被平台吸引的食物。故选B。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Butexpertsworrythatthisattractioncouldputtheendangeredgiantcreaturesatriskofshipstrikeorchemicalpollution.(但专家担心，这种吸引力可能会使这种濒危的巨型生物面临船只撞击或化学污染的风险。)”可知，鲸鲨接近油气平台可能会面临与船只相撞的风险。故选A。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“It’simpossibletoknowexactlyhowmanyarebeingkilledbyshipsbecausetheirbodiessinkwithoutasign.(我们不可能确切知道有多少鲸鲨被船只杀死，因为它们的尸体毫无痕迹地沉入海底。)”可知，无法确切知道有多少鲸鲨被船只杀死是因为它们的尸体沉入海底，没有留下痕迹。故选B。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Theresearchershopethisfindingwillhelpdecisionmakersmanagingmarineprotectedareasandraiseawarenessofthepotentialimpactonmarinelifewhenhuman-madeplatformsaredisusedornewstructuresarebuilt.(研究人员希望这一发现将有助于海洋保护区的决策者，并提高人们对废弃人造平台或建造新结构时对海洋生物潜在影响的认识。)”可知，研究人员希望这一发现能在结构规划方面为决策者提供帮助。故选C。DIntheriskyworldofnucleararmscontrol,PrincetonstudentLepowskyisexploringhowrobotscanmakeinspectionsmoreaccurateandacceptabletohostnationsworriedaboutinvasive(侵入的)traditionalmethods.Hislatestresearchhasledtoarobotperforminginspectionswithoutsavingsensitiveinformation.“Thehostnationlikelywon’twantahumaninspectorpokingtheirnosearound,”saidLepowsky.“Butevenarobothasmemoryandsensorsacquiringdata.”Thegoalistohavehigh-confidenceinspectionswithouttherobotsavinginformation.Forexample,therobotwouldnotsaveradiationmeasurementsorcreatefloorplansofsensitiveareas.Thenewprototype(样机)isbuiltonaniRobotCreate3platform,aneducationalrobot.Robotsofferadvantagesoverhumaninspectors:theycantoleratehigherradiationlevels,aremoreconsistent,andcanbecheaper.Theyalsocanbeprogrammedtogeneratetrust,suchasnotusingcamerastoavoidseeingunwanteddetails.TheideafortherobotstartedwithLepowsky’sadviser,Glaser,whowascuriousaboutcreatinga“forgetfulrobot”thatcouldperformhighlyaccuratenucleararmsinspectionsbutforgeteverythingafterward.Thisledtoanevenmoreinterestingidea:“Ratherthanforgetting,we’renotevenrememberinginthefirstplace,”Lepowskysaid.Hebelievesthisfeaturecanreassurehostsconcernedaboutprivacy.Lepowskylikestheinterdisciplinarynatureofhiswork—drawingonbothhisroboticsandpolicyexpertise—andhelikesthatitrequiresabreadthofknowledge,notjustdepth.Hevaluesthathisresearchisgroundedinreal-lifeapplicationsforglobalsecurityandnuclearnonproliferation(防扩散).Predictingwhentherobotmightbeusedinthefieldisdifficult.“It’seasytosay,today,it’snotveryrealistic,butyouhavetobereadyforifandwhenitbecomespossible,”saidLepowsky.Researchintothisproblemisveryactive.Becausearmscontrolischanging,thespecificobjectivesoffutureagreementsarehardtopredict.“Butwecanhopetheywillbepositive,andweneedtobeready,technically.“12.InwhichaspectisLepowsky’srobotdifferentfromhumaninspectors?A.Datasecurity. B.Memorycapacity. C.Socialacceptance. D.Userfriendliness.13.Whatissaidabouttherobotinparagraph3?A.Itsaccuratesystem. B.Itsprivacyrisks.C.Itsdesignmechanism. D.Itsoperationalproblems.14.WhatdoesLepowskylikeabouthiswork?A.Scientificresearchdata. B.Real-timetechnicalcooperation.C.In-depththeoreticalstudies. D.Integratedknowledgeacrossfields.15.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.Princeton’s“Forgetful”RobotsinGlobalSecurityB.No-MemoryRobots:TheFutureofNuclearChecks?C.NuclearArmsControl:RobotsorHumanInspectors?D.Lepowsky’s“Curious”RobotsforRadiationDetection【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了普林斯顿大学的学生Lepowsky在核军备控制领域的研究，特别是他关于如何利用机器人进行更准确且为主办国所接受的核查工作的探索。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段““Thehostnationlikelywon’twantahumaninspectorpokingtheirnosearound,”saidLepowsky.“Butevenarobothasmemoryandsensorsacquiringdata.”Thegoalistohavehigh-confidenceinspectionswithouttherobotsavinginformation.Forexample,therobotwouldnotsaveradiationmeasurementsorcreatefloorplansofsensitiveareas.(Lepowsky说：“东道国很可能不希望人类核查员到处窥探。但即便是机器人也有会采集数据的内存和传感器。”其目标是在机器人不保存信息的情况下进行高可信度的核查。例如，机器人不会保存辐射测量数据，也不会绘制敏感区域的平面图。)”可知，东道国不希望人类核查员到处窥探，而Lepowsky的机器人的目标是在不保存信息，如不保存辐射测量数据、不绘制敏感区域平面图的情况下进行核查。所以Lepowsky的机器人与人类核查员在数据安全方面不同。故选A。【13题详析】主旨大意题。在文章第三段中，首先提到“Thenewprototype(样机)isbuiltonaniRobotCreate3platform,aneducationalrobot.(这款新的样机是基于教育机器人iRobotCreate3平台制造的。)”说明了机器人的样机是基于一个教育机器人平台搭建的。接着阐述“Robotsofferadvantagesoverhumaninspectors:theycantoleratehigherradiationlevels,aremoreconsistent,andcanbecheaper.Theyalsocanbeprogrammedtogeneratetrust,suchasnotusingcamerastoavoidseeingunwanteddetails.(与人类核查员相比，机器人具有一些优势：它们能够承受更高的辐射水平，工作更加稳定一致，而且成本可能更低。它们还可以通过编程来赢得信任，比如不使用摄像头以避免拍摄到不必要的细节。)”介绍了机器人相较于人类核查员的优势，以及为了赢得信任所采用的编程方式，比如不使用摄像头。还提到“TheideafortherobotstartedwithLepowsky’sadviser,Glaser,whowascuriousaboutcreatinga“forgetfulrobot”thatcouldperformhighlyaccuratenucleararmsinspectionsbutforgeteverythingafterward.Thisledtoanevenmoreinterestingidea:“Ratherthanforgetting,we’renotevenrememberinginthefirstplace,”Lepowskysaid.Hebelievesthisfeaturecanreassurehostsconcernedaboutprivacy.(关于这款机器人的想法最初来自Lepowsky的导师Glaser，他对制造一个能够进行高度精确的核武器核查、但事后会忘掉一切的“健忘机器人”很感兴趣。这引出了一个更有意思的想法：“我们不是让它事后忘掉，而是从一开始就不记录任何信息。”Lepowsky说。他认为这一特点可以让那些担心隐私问题的东道国放心。)”讲述了机器人设计理念的起源以及最终确定的“从一开始就不记录信息”这一特色，这些都围绕着机器人的设计机制展开。所以关于第三段中提到的机器人，主要说的是它的设计机制。故选C。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Lepowskylikestheinterdisciplinarynatureofhiswork—drawingonbothhisroboticsandpolicyexpertise—andhelikesthatitrequiresabreadthofknowledge,notjustdepth.Hevaluesthathisresearchisgroundedinreal-lifeapplicationsforglobalsecurityandnuclearnonproliferation(防扩散).(Lepowsky喜欢自己工作的跨学科性质——既利用了他在机器人技术方面的专业知识，也运用了他在政策方面的专长——而且他喜欢这份工作需要广泛的知识，而不仅仅是深度的专业知识。他很看重自己的研究是基于全球安全和核不扩散的现实应用。)”可知，Lepowsky喜欢他工作的跨学科性质，即他的工作需要同时运用到机器人技术和政策方面的专业知识，并且他喜欢这份工作需要广泛的知识，而不仅仅是深度的专业知识。故选D。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要围绕莱波夫斯基研发的不会保存敏感信息（即没有记忆）的机器人展开，介绍了该机器人在核武器核查领域的研发背景、优势、设计机制等。文中提到这种机器人能够在不保存信息的情况下进行高可信度的核查，解决了东道国对隐私的担忧，并且探讨了虽然目前难以预测其在实际领域的应用时间，但针对该问题的研究很活跃，未来可能在核核查中发挥作用。选项B“No-MemoryRobots:TheFutureofNuclearChecks?(无记忆机器人：核核查的未来？)”既突出了机器人“无记忆”的特点，又点明了其与核核查的关系，并且以疑问的形式引发读者思考，符合文章主旨。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文。从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Imagineyoubuyanewshirtanddonotintendtobuyanewjacket.Youwereperfectlyhappywithituntilyouworeitwiththenewshirt.However,youimaginethatthenewshirtmakestheoldjacketlookworn.Thenyoucan’thelpbuyanewjacketorevenmoretobetterfittheshirt._____16_____Thesimplestdescriptionofitisthescenarioofbuyingsomethingnewandreplacingouroldpossessionswithitemstomatchthenewone,evenifthatmeansanemptybankaccount._____17_____Becomeawareitishappening.Observewhenyouarebeingdrawnintoconsumptionnotbecauseyouareinactualneedofanitem,butonlybecausesomethingnewhasbeenintroduced._____18_____Astoremaybehavingagreatsaleonanewoutfit—butifthenewoutfitforcesyoutobuyanewpairofshoesorhandbagtomatch,itjustbecameamoreexpensivepurchasethanoriginallyassumed.Avoidunnecessarynewpurchases.RealizetheDiderotEffectisasignificantforceandovercomingitisverydifficult.Youmayavoidreplacingthoseendtablesatfirst,buteventually,atsomepointdowntheroad,youaregoingtobreakdownandbuynewonesthatbettermatchthenewcouch._____19_____ButthebestwaytoovercometheDiderotEffectistoneverallowittooverpoweryouinthefirstplace.Remindyourselfthatpossessionsdonotdefineyou._____20_____Yourpossessionsdonotdefineyouoryoursuccess—nomatterwhatmarketerswilltrytotellyou.A.Analyzeandpredictthefullcostoffuturepurchases.B.Buythingsfortheirusefulnessratherthantheirstatus.C.Weactuallycanemploythismindtrickinthefollowingways.D.Thetrueabundanceoflifeisnotfoundinthethingsthatyouown.E.Thenhowcanweresistthispatternofunnecessaryconsumerism?F.Thephenomenoncanbeowedtotheso-called“DiderotEffect”.G.Therearetimeswhenwehaveaproperneedtobuynewthings,admittedly.【答案】16.F17.E18.A19.G20.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了如何抵制不必要的消费主义模式（狄德罗效应）。【16题详析】根据上文“Imagineyoubuyanewshirtanddonotintendtobuyanewjacket.Youwereperfectlyhappywithituntilyouworeitwiththenewshirt.However,youimaginethatthenewshirtmakestheoldjacketlookworn.Thenyoucan’thelpbuyanewjacketorevenmoretobetterfittheshirt.”（假设你买了一件新衬衫，但不打算买一件新夹克。你本来对它很满意，直到你把它和新衬衫一起穿。然而，你想象新衬衫使旧夹克看起来很破旧。然后你会忍不住买一件新夹克，甚至更多的衣服来更好地搭配这件衬衫。）可知，选项总结上文的现象叫什么。故F选项“这种现象可以归因于所谓的“狄德罗效应”。”切题。故选F项。【17题详析】根据上文“Thesimplestdescriptionofitisthescenarioofbuyingsomethingnewandreplacingouroldpossessionswithitemstomatchthenewone,evenifthatmeansanemptybankaccount.”（最简单的描述就是买新东西，用新东西替换旧东西，即使这意味着银行账户空了。）可知，选项承接上文，总起下文的各个标题。故E选项“那么我们如何抵制这种不必要的消费主义模式呢?”切题。故选E项。【18题详析】根据下文“Astoremaybehavingagreatsaleonanewoutfit—butifthenewoutfitforcesyoutobuyanewpairofshoesorhandbagtomatch,itjustbecameamoreexpensivepurchasethanoriginallyassumed.”（一家商店的一套新衣服可能正在大减价，但如果这套新衣服迫使你去买一双新鞋或一个新手袋来搭配，那么它的购买成本就会比原先想象的要高。）可知，本段主要在说要考虑采购的全部成本。故A选项“分析和预测未来采购的全部成本。”为本段的标题。故选A项。【19题详析】根据上文“Youmayavoidreplacingthoseendtablesatfirst,buteventually,atsomepointdowntheroad,youaregoingtobreakdownandbuynewonesthatbettermatchthenewcouch.”（一开始你可能会避免更换那些茶几，但最终，在这条路上的某个时刻，你会让步，买一个更适合新沙发的新桌子。）根据下文“ButthebestwaytoovercometheDiderotEffectistoneverallowittooverpoweryouinthefirstplace.”（但克服狄德罗效应的最好方法是，从一开始就不要让它压倒你。）可知，选项承接上文说明需要买新东西的必然性且与下文为转折关系。故G项“不可否认，有时候我们确实需要买新东西。”切题。故选G项。【20题详析】根据上文“Remindyourselfthatpossessionsdonotdefineyou.”（提醒自己，财产并不能定义你。）可知，选项承接上文进一步说明且与下文为并列关系。上下文话题一致。故D选项“生活的真正丰富不在于你拥有的东西。”切题。故选D项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Itwasabusymorningforme.AsIwaswalkingIsawanoldlady,maybeinher80s,standingquiteclosetothetraffic.Althoughmymindwas___21___,IthoughtIshouldwarnher.WhenI___22___thespot,Inoticedthatshewastryingtogetattentionofpassers-bybuttheyweretoobusyto___23___her.WhenItriedtogentlymoveherbacktoasafeplace,shesaidshehad___24___herkeyinthemiddleoftheroad.Ilookedaroundbutnoonestopped.IknewIwasgetting___25___butdecidedtohelp.Ontheroadwereofficegoersincarsaswellasschoolbuses___26___withchildren.Itwasthe___27___timeofthedaytocrossabusyroadwithoutatrafficlight.Icarefullysteppedontotheroadwavingmyhandswildwith___28___almostexpectingtobehitbyanoncomingvehicle.Imovedontothemiddleoftheroad___29___towavemyhand.JustthenaschoolbuswasapproachingmeandI____30____walkedinfrontofittostopit.Myexperiencehasbeenthatschoolbusdriversarealways____31____ofreckless(鲁莽的)pedestrianslikeme.Iwon.Iquicklypickedupthekeyandranbackto____32____thekeytoher.Havingwatchedmyactionsfromthebus,theschoolchildrenletouta____33____andclapped.AsIturnedtocontinuemyhurriedwalk,theoldladypulledmebymyhandandgavemeabigwarm____34____.Ifeltsohappyandrelieved,hopingtheschoolchildrenwhowerewatchingmewoulddothesamewhentheir____35____comes.21.A.confused B.refreshed C.distracted D.occupied22.A.found B.passed C.reached D.marked23.A.catchupwith B.takenoteof C.makeroomfor D.lookupto24.A.dropped B.poured C.drawn D.thrown25.A.injured B.trapped C.interrupted D.delayed26.A.rushing B.talking C.barking D.withdrawing27.A.latest B.worst C.longest D.funniest28.A.surprise B.fear C.excitement D.delight29.A.continuing B.attempting C.starting D.pretending30.A.humbly B.adventurously C.courageously D.awkwardly31.A.considerate B.ignorant C.sick D.proud32.A.lend B.introduce C.promise D.return33.A.sigh B.whisper C.cheer D.laughter34.A.welcome B.hug C.treat D.applause35.A.choice B.arrangement C.turn D.will【答案】21.D22.C23.B24.A25.D26.A27.B28.B29.A30.C31.A32.D33.C34.B35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者穿过繁忙的马路帮助一位老人捡回钥匙的经历。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我的脑子里满是心事，但我想我应该提醒她。A.confused迷惑的；B.refreshed精神振作的；C.distracted注意力分散的；D.occupied忙的。根据上文中的“Itwasabusymorningforme.”可知，对作者来说，这是一个繁忙的清晨，由此可知，此处指的是作者满是心事。故选D项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我到达现场时，我注意到她试图引起路人的注意，但他们太忙了，没有注意到她。A.found发现；B.passed通过；C.reached到达；D.marked标记。根据上文中的“Althoughmymindwas______,IthoughtIshouldwarnher.”可知，作者虽然心事重重，但仍然认为应该提醒她，结合下文中的“Inoticedthatshewastryingtogetattentionofpassers-by”可知，作者注意到她想引起路人的注意，由此可知推断，此处指的是作者“到达”现场后注意到的场景。故选C项。【23题详析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当我到达现场时，我注意到她试图引起路人的注意，但他们太忙了，没有注意到她。A.catchupwith赶上；B.takenoteof注意到；C.makeroomfor为……腾出空间；D.lookupto尊敬。根据上文中的“Inoticedthatshewastryingtogetattentionofpassers-by”可知，注意到她试图引起路人的注意，结合but可知，此处表示的是没有人“注意到”她，符合语境。故选B项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我试图轻轻地把她移到一个安全的地方时，她说她把钥匙掉在路中间了。A.dropped掉落；B.poured倒，泼；C.drawn吸引；D.thrown抛，投，扔。根据下文中的“Iquicklypickedupthekeyandranbackto_____thekeytoher.”可知，作者迅速的捡回那把钥匙，由此可推断，此处指的是她把钥匙“掉到”路中间，符合语境。故选A项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道我迟到了，但还是决定帮忙。A.injured受伤；B.trapped困住；C.interrupted中断；D.delayed迟到。根据上文中的“Itwasabusymorningforme.”可知，对作者来说这是一个繁忙的早上，结合下文中的“butdecidedtohelp.”可知，作者仍决定去帮忙，由此可推断，作者认为自己可能是“迟到”了，符合语境。故选D项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：路上有开车上班的人，也有载着孩子们快速前进的校车。A.rushing快速前进；B.talking谈论；C.barking（狗）吠叫；D.withdrawing撤退。根据下文中的“tocrossabusyroadwithoutatrafficlight.”可知，穿过没有红绿灯的繁忙道路，由此可知，此处指的是路上校车带着孩子们“快速前进”符合语境。故选A项。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一天中穿过没有红绿灯的繁忙道路的最糟糕的时间。A.latest最新的；B.worst最糟糕的；C.longest最长的；D.funniest最有趣的。根据常识和下文中的“tocrossabusyroadwithoutatrafficlight.”可知，穿过没有红绿灯的繁忙道路，这应该是“最糟糕的”时间，符合语境。故选B项。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我小心翼翼地走上马路，害怕地挥舞着双手，几乎以为会被迎面而来的车辆撞到。A.surprise惊讶；B.fear害怕；C.excitement兴奋；D.delight高兴。根据语境和下文中的“almostexpectingtobehitbyanoncomingvehicle.”可知，几乎预料到会被行驶中的车辆撞到作者，由此可知，此处应是作者“害怕地”挥舞着双手，符合语境。故选B项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我走到路中间，继续挥手。A.continuing继续；B.attempting尝试；C.starting开始；D.pretending假装。根据上文中的“Icarefullysteppedontotheroadwavingmyhands”可知，作者小心地走上马路，并挥舞着双手，结合下文中的“wavemyhand.”可知，此处再次提到挥舞着手，由此可知，此处应指的是作者“继续”挥舞着手，符合语境。故选A项。【30题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，一辆校车向我驶来，我勇敢地走到前面拦住了它。A.humbly谦虚地；B.adventurously爱冒险地；C.courageously勇敢地；D.awkwardly笨拙地。根据上文中的“Justthenaschoolbuswasapproachingme”可知，这时一辆小车朝着作者驶过来，结合下文中的“walkedinfrontofittostopit.”可知，作者却走到车前拦住了校车，由此可知，此处应指的是作者“勇敢地”拦住校车，符合语境。故选C项。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的经验是，校车司机总是体谅像我这样鲁莽的行人。A.considerate考虑周到的；B.ignorant无知的；C.sick生病的；D.proud自豪的。根据语境和上文中的“Myexperiencehasbeenthatschoolbusdriversarealways”以及下文中的“Iwon.”可知，作者赢了，也就是说作者凭借着经验认为校车司机会“体贴”像作者这样鲁莽的行人突然出现在快速前进的车前，符合语境。故选A项。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我赶紧捡起钥匙，跑回去把钥匙还给她。A.lend外借；B.introduce介绍；C.promise答应；D.return归还。根据上文中的“shesaidshehad______herkeyinthemiddleoftheroad.”可知，作者是帮助一位老人去捡拾掉落在路中间，结合“Iquicklypickedupthekeyandranbackto”可知，作者快速的拾起钥匙应该是“归还”给老人，符合语境。故选D项。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在公共汽车上看到我的举动后，学生们发出了欢呼和掌声。A.sigh叹气；B.whisper低语；C.cheer欢呼；D.laughter大笑。根据下文中的“andclapped.”可知，学生们给作者鼓掌，结合and可知，此处与“鼓掌”为并列关系，