《轮机英语（二三管轮）》-Unit6 Writing

BusinessWritingEngineroomlogbookRepairlistOperatingInstructionsforKeyEquipmentLetter&TelegramChapter1Engineroomlogbook1.Itemstobeenteredintotheengineroomlogbook2.HowtofillupthelogbookinEnglish?3.Practicalexamples1.ItemstobeenteredintotheengineroomlogbookFuelandStoresReplenishment

WarmingEngine

BeforeStartingtheMainEngineEngineTrial

LeavingandEnteringHarborQuarantine

SailingAtSeaItemstobeenteredintoEngineRoomLogBookSailingatSeaTroubles

LoadingandDischarging

BallastWaterDockRepairRepairingOthers2.HowtofillupthelogbookinEnglish?

表示船舶动态，用现在分词（doing);表示动作事件，用过去分词（done).3.Practicalexamples离开上海港，停泊班改航行班。LeavingPortShanghai.Donkeywatchexchangedtonavigationwatch.由于在窄航道航行而备车。Enginestoodbyduetosailinginnarrowwater.Practicalexamples抵达香港，主机备车。ArrivingatHongkong,enginestoodby.引水员登轮。PilotonboardPracticalexamples停电，原因不明。Blackoutoccurredwithunknownreason.起动舱底泵，排出3号货舱舱底水。BilgepumpstartedtodischargeNo.3bilge.Practicalexamples在检疫锚地抛锚。Anchoringatquarantineanchorage.发现空压机不正常，已进行拆卸，检查并装复。Aircompressorfoundabnormal,dismantled,inspectedandreassembled.Practicalexamples移泊，主机备车。Shiftingberth,enginestoodby.由于大雾，离港延期。Departurepostponedduetodensefog.由于能见度差，主机备车。Enginestoodbyduetopoorvisibility.Practicalexamples通过苏伊士运河，主机备车。PassingthroughSuezCanal,enginestoodby.通过巴拿马运河，主机转速从120转降至105转。PassingthroughPanamaCanal,enginespeedreducedfrom120rpmto105rpm.Practicalexamples将燃油驳至沉淀柜。Fueloiltransferredtosettlingtank.根据轮机长指示，左舷二号舱燃油驳至右舷三号舱。FueloilinNo.2porttransferredtoNo.3starboardtankaccordingtoC/E’sinstruction.Practicalexamples起动消防泵，冲洗锚。Firepumpstartedtoflushtheanchor.为使船舶正浮，三号压载舱压载足够的水。SufficientwaterchargedtoNo.3ballasttankforship’suprightness.Practicalexamples所有主轴承上轴瓦拆开，用拐挡表测取拐挡差。Allupperhalvesofmainbearingsremoved,crankshaftdeflectionsmeasuredwithdeflectiongauge.检查了燃烧情况，并测取示功图。Ignitionconditioninspected,indicatedcardstaken.Practicalexamples辅锅炉吹灰。Donkeyboilersootblown.油头的释放压力进行了调整。Thereliefpressureofthefuelvalveadjusted.Practicalexamples王先生到任，担任大管轮。Mr.Wangjoinedassecondengineer.机匠高先生在机舱值班时受伤。Mr.Gao,motorman,injuredonhiswatchintheengineroom.二管轮张先生病休。Mr.Zhang,thirdengineer,sickleave.Practicalexamples临时修理电报已发送公司船技处。Occasionalrepairtelegramsenttotechnicaldepartmentofcompany.船技处回电收到并确认。Telegramfromtechnicaldepartmentreceivedandconfirmed.Practicalexamples史密斯船舶供应商送来的物料已收到。StoresfromSmithShipchandlerreceived.某些物料包装破损。Packageofsomethingfounddamaged.Practicalexamples舵机突然失灵。Steeringgearfailedaccidentally.由于起货机故障，装货停止。Loadingstoppedduetotroubleinthecargowinches.Practicalexamples四号缸排气温度发现过高。ExhausttemperatureofNo.4cylinderfoundtoohigh.所有活塞顶部的间隙用压铅丝法进行了测量。Thetopclearancesofallpistonsmeasuredbymeansofleadwire.Practicalexamples起动平衡泵压载。Heelingpumpstartedforballasting.将含油压载水排至接收设施。Oilyballastwaterdischargedtoreceptionfacilities.Practicalexamples船级社验船师约翰先生检查了船上防污设备。Mr.John,surveyorfromclassificationsocietyinspectedtheanti-pollutionequipmentonboard.Practicalexamples船厂工程师布朗先生与轮机长讨论了临时修理事宜。Mr.Brown,engineerfromshipyarddiscussedtheoccasionalrepairwiththechiefengineer.Practicalexamples对时，拨快一小时。Theclockcorrected,onehourahead.对时，拨慢二小时。Theclockcorrected,twohoursaback.Chapter2RepairList1.Howtomakeoutarepairlist?2.Usefulphrases/wordsusedinrepairlist.3.Practicalexamples1.Howtomakeoutarepairlist?1).Kindsofrepairlist.2).Basicpatternsofrepairlist.3).Proceduresofmakingoutarepairlist.1).KindsofrepairlistVoyageRepairListAnnualRepairListGuaranteeRepairListOccasionalRepairListAdditionalRepairList2).BasicpatternsofrepairlistSth.+tobedoneSth.(if)found…(trouble)+tobedoneSth.+tobedone+…(prep.phrase)Sth.(if)found…(trouble)+tobedone+…(prep.phase)3).ProceduresofmakingoutarepairlistDockRepairDeckDepartmentEngineDepartmentElectricDepartmentPipingRepair2.Usefulphrases/wordsusedinrepairlistTroublesVerbphrasesPrepositionalphrases3.Practicalexample(1)修理前后，对主机的臂距差进行了测量。报告一式四份交船方。Thedeflectionofcrankshaftwebofmainenginetobemeasuredoncebeforeandafterrepair.Reportinfourcopiestobehandedovertoship.Practicalexample(2)主机的2、3、4和7号缸盖拆卸、解体。用化学方法清洁冷却水腔，并在6kg/cm2下作水压试验。No.2、3、4and7cylindercoversofmainenginetobedismountedanddismantled.Coolingspacestobecleanedchemicallyandhydraulic-testedwith6kg/cm2.Practicalexample(3)把2、3、4和7号活塞杆填料箱拆开，把活塞吊出、解体、清洁并检查，然后重新装妥。No.2、3、4and7pistonrodstuffingboxestobedisassembled.Pistonstoberemoved,dismantled,cleanedandchecked,thenreassembledinorder.Practicalexample(4)对4、7号活塞的第一道活塞环槽进行焊补，然后退火，光车至标准尺寸。FirstringgroovesofNo.4&7pistonstobebuiltupbywelding,thenannealedandmachinedtostandarddimensions.Practicalexample(5)主机3、4和6号缸套吊出检查和测量。缸套水空间清洁，然后用新密封填料重新装复。No3、4and6cylinderlinersofmainenginetobedrawnoutforinspectionandmeasurement.Waterspaceofcylinderjackettobecleaned,thenrefittedwithnewpacking.Practicalexample(6)主机的2、5和6号缸盖和两套备用缸盖在起动空气阀孔和喷油器孔处有裂纹，用金属扣合法或电焊修理，然后作水压试验。No.2、5&6cylindercoversandtwosetsofsparecoversofmainenginearecrackedinwayofholesofstartingairvalve&needlevalve,toberepairedbymetal-lockorwelding,thenhydraulic-tested.Practicalexample(7)主机4、7和8号主轴承用桥规测量，并转出检查。如有必要重新浇铸。No4、7and8mainbearingsofmainenginetobemeasuredwithbridgegauge,openedandturnedoutforinspection,re-metalledifnecessary.Practicalexample(8)2、3、4号十字头轴承和曲柄销轴承打开检查。用压铅法测量轴承间隙，并调整保持在0.29~0.34mm。No2、3and4cross-headbearingsandcrankpinbearingstobeopenedforinspection.Theclearancesofbearingstobemeasuredbymeansofleadwireandadjustedtokeepwithin0.29~0.34mm.Practicalexample(9)为了消防，在主机扫气箱新安装直径1英寸的蒸汽管和三个截止阀。Steampipedia.oneinchandstopvalve3pcs.tobenewlyinstalledonthescavengingairreceiverofmainengineforfireextinguishing.Practicalexample(10)对舵机的两套径向柱塞泵进行检修，滚珠轴承和所有的密封圈换新。Twosetsofradialpistonpumpsofsteeringgeartobeoverhauled.Theballbearingsandallsealringstoberenewed.Practicalexample(11)伙食冰机。现场拆卸压缩机，所有的吸入和排出阀片换新。曲轴送车间。曲柄销喷镀并恢复至原尺寸。Provisionrefrigerator.Thecompressortobedismantledonthespot.Allvalveplatesofthesuctionanddischargevalvestoberenewed.Thecrankshafttobesenttoworkshop.Thecrankpintobespraycoatedandfinishedtooriginaldimensions.Practicalexample(12)立式主空气瓶。打开人孔作内部清洁，并由验船师作内部检验。然后刷一度防锈漆。Mainairbottle,verticaltype.Themanholetobeopenedforinteriorcleanness.Insidetobesurveyedbysurveyor.Thenonecoatofanti-corrosivepainttobeapplied.Practicalexample(13)主机燃油升压泵。排出压力不能满足要求。对泵进行解体并检查，对损坏部件如有必要用船上备件换新。Fueloilboosterpumpformainengine.Thedischargepressureofthepumpcan’tmeettherequirements.Thepumptobedismantledandexamined.Thedamagedpartstoberenewedwithship’sspareifnecessary.Practicalexample(14)主机海水泵轴封严重漏泄。拆除电机，现场拆卸泵，对叶轮、泵轴、轴套进行检查，如发现有损坏，用船上备件换新。Mainengineseawaterpump.Thewaterleakedfromshaftsealseriously.Themotortoberemoved.Thepumptobedismantledonthespot.Theimpeller,pumpshaft,shaftsleevetobeinspectedandtoberenewedwithship’sspares,ifanydefectstobefound.Practicalexample(15)副机的主海水冷却管中一个弯头，两个法兰，6个螺栓和垫片换新。旧管拿走。Mainseawatercoolingpipeofauxiliaryengine,onebending,twopiecesofflanges,sixpiecesofboltsandgasketstoberenewed.Theoldpipetobetakenoff.Practicalexample(16)主机増压器的淡水排出管额外装一根挠性接管。两个法兰和八套螺栓和螺母由船方提供。Oneflexibleconnectingpipetobeinstalledadditionallytothefreshwaterdischargingpipeofturbochargerofmainengine.Twoflangesand8setsofboltsandnutstobesuppliedbyship.Practicalexample(17)对轴向柱塞式变量泵解体，清洁并除锈。转变子、弹簧换新。对倾斜盘和配油盘清洁并研磨。Anaxialplungervariabledisplacementpumptobedismantled,cleanedandtherusttoberemoved.Therotorandspringtoberenewed.Thetilt-ablediscanddistributingoildisctobecleanedandinspected.Practicalexample(18)一个安全阀送车间解体、检查和研磨。垫片和螺栓换新并重新装复。在车间对启阀和关闭压力进行检验和调整。Onesetofsafetyvalvestobeshiftedtoworkshopfordismantling,inspectionandgrinding.Thegasketsandtheboltstoberenewedandreassembled.Therelief&closingpressurestobetestedandadjustedintheworkshop.Practicalexample(19)打开油水分离器的第一级，对内部分离盘进行清洁。取出加热盘管并进行水压试验，泄漏处焊补。Oilywaterseparator,thefirststagetobeopened.Theinternalseparatingdisctobecleaned,theheatingcoilpipetobetakenoutandhydraulictesttobecarriedout.Theleakyplacetobeweldedup.Practicalexample(20)对造水机蒸发器的海水管一侧用化学剂清洁，并进行5kg/cm2水压试验，前后盖板上的垫片和锌棒用船上备件换新。Freshwatergenerator,theseawatersideofevaporatorpipestobecleanedwithchemicalandpressuretestupto5kg/cm2tobecarriedout.Allzincplatesandthegasketsoffrontandbackendcoverstoberenewedwithship’sspare.Practicalexample(21)舵机的两台径向柱塞泵需检修，滚珠轴承及所有的密封环需换新，发现损坏的零件需修理或换新。然后按顺序装好，并进行运转试验。舵机的四个撞杆的密封环需换新。Twosetsofradialpistonpumpsofsteeringgeartobeoverhauled.Theballbearingsandallsealringstoberenewed,thenrefittedinorderandoperatingtesttobecarriedout.Thesealringsoffourpiecesramsofsteeringgeartoberenewed.Practicalexample(22)螺旋桨需拆卸，一中间轴承需拆开，尾轴拉出检查修理，所有拆卸部件重新装妥。Propellertobedismantled.Oneintermediateshaftbearingtobeopened.Tailshafttobedrawnoutforinspectionandoverhaul.Allpartsdismantledtoberefittedinorder.Practicalexample(23)尾轴需清洁、测量并作磁性探伤。尾轴前后端铜套需光车。Tailshafttobecleaned,measuredanddetectedwithmagneto-flux.Aftandforebushesforthetailshafttobemachined.Practicalexample(24)吊缸前后需测取拐挡差读数，记录一式三份交轮机长。Crankwebdeflectionreadingstobemeasuredbeforeandafterliftingoutthepistons.Recordsinthreecopiestobehandedovertothechiefengineer.Practicalexample(25)三只主轴承上瓦需拆检，并测取桥规值，下瓦需转出检查。重新装回下瓦后再测取桥规值，装回轴承盖，用压铅丝法重新调整间隙。Threepairsofmainbearingupperhalvestobedismantledforinspection.Bridgegaugereadingstobetaken.Lowerhalvestobeturnedoutforinspection.Afterreinstallationoflowerhalves,bridgegaugereadingstobetakenagain.Bearingcapstoberefittedandclearancetobereadjustedbymeansofpressingleadwire.Practicalexample(26)两台电机需拆卸并送车间修理。所有绕组需彻底清洁并烘干，涂二度绝缘漆。电机需做绝缘试验并做好记录。所有轴承需清洁并加油脂。如发现有损坏的轴承用厂方备件换新。电机组装后需试验并达到电机员满意。然后送回船上，安装至原位，对中，在船上试验。Practicalexample(26)Twosetsofelectricmotorstobedismantledanddeliveredtoworkshopforrepair.Allwindingstobecleaned,bakeddryandpaintedwithtwocoatsofinsulationpaint.Insulationtobetestedforelectricmotorsandrecordstakendown.Allbearingstobecleanedandgreased.Anybearingiffounddamaged,toberenewedwithshipyard’sspareparts.Motorstobetestedandtotheelectrician’ssatisfactionafterbeingassembled,thendeliveredonboard,refittedinplaceandalignmentmadeandtestedonboard.Practicalexample(27)2号冰机冷凝器的一个盖板发现漏泄，需要焊补或换新，盖板需铲刮并上两层漆，锌块需换新，修后需对系统放气并检查冷剂的漏泄。冷却水量调节阀需检修，冷却系统试验至轮机长满意为止。Practicalexample(27)OneendcoverofthecondenserofNo.2refrigerantplantfoundleakytobeweldedorrenewed.Theendcovertobechippedandpaintedtwocoats.Zincplatestoberenewed.Airtoberemovedfromthesystemandrefrigerantleakagetobecheckedafterrepair.Coolingwatercontrolvalvetobeoverhauled.Coolingsystemtobetestedtothechiefengineer’ssatisfaction.Practicalexample(28)2号副机的所有气缸盖、活塞、缸套、连杆、活塞销及销承、轴承全部拆卸彻底清洁。测量活塞直径、环槽、缸套直径、主轴颈及曲柄销直径、轴承厚度，并做记录。缸盖上各气阀需拆检和研磨，油头试验，损坏的零件修理或换新。活塞环需全部换新。所有工作部件彻底清洁。进、排气阀在热机下测量并调整间隙。Practicalexample(28)Allcylindercover,pistons,cylinders,connectingrods,pistonpinsandtheirbearings,shaftbearingsofNo.2dieselenginetobedismantledandcleanedthoroughly.Pistondiameter,cylinderbore,groovesize,diametersofmainjournalsandcrankpins,bearingthicknesstobemeasuredandreadingstoberecorded.Allthevalvesoncylinderheadtobedismantledandground.Injectorstobetested.Anypartiffounddamagedtoberepairedorrenewed.Allpistonringstoberenewed.Allworkingpartstobecleanedthoroughly.Tappetclearancesofinletandexhaustvalvestobemeasuredandadjustedwhiletheenginebeingwarmedup.Practicalexample(29)当安装主机管系时，确保所有的夹子、护围及绝热层的正确安装，以防运行过程中产生振动、与其他部件的摩擦以及过高的温度。为防止燃油在管路出问题时喷洒至高温部件上，绝热层应正确安装。在起动转速时，燃油驳运泵产生的压力必须在20kPa以上。如燃油压力低于20kPa，则燃油滤器需要换新。需要检查燃油系统中的空气，如果燃油压力仍然很低，则需检查燃油旁通阀及燃油驳运泵是否正常运行。

Practicalexample(29)Whilethemainenginepipingbeinginstalled,makesurethatallclamps,guards,andtheinsulatinglagtobecorrectlyfittedtoavoidvibration,rubbingagainstotherparts,andexcessiveheatduringoperation.Theinsulatinglag(layer)tobewrappedcorrectlytopreventfueloilfromspillingontohotpartsincaseofthepipelineintrouble.Thefueltransferpumpdischargepressuremustbeover20Kpaonceitstartsup,ifnot,thefiltertoberenewed.Airinthefuelsystemtobechecked(examined).Iffueloilpressureisstilllow,thefueloilbypassvalveandthefueloiltransferpumptobecheckedforcorrectoperation.Practicalexample(30)发现调速器传动太粗暴，需打开。花键的过分磨损或齿轮间隙过大均能引起调速器的传动粗暴。根据实际情况进行检查及更换备件。也许是调速器与传动机构不对中，如有必要松开调速器，进行正确地对中。检查油位是否正常。油泵备件如发现磨损过分需更换。油泵止回阀及阀座需要检查，如有必要进行更换。给调速器加等级合适的干净油，放出调速器管中的空气。Practicalexample(30)Governordrivefoundtooroughtobeopened.Wornsplinesand/orexcessivegearclearancecancause(leadto,resultin)governordriverough.Inspectandreplacesomepartsbasedontherealsituation.Thismaycausedbymisalignmentbetweenthegovernorandthedrive.Thegovernortobeloosenedifnecessaryforthealignmentwithdrive.Oilleveltobecheckedfornormalcondition.Oilpumppartsiffoundwormouttobereplaced.Pumpcheckvalvesandtheirseatstobeinspectedandreplacedifnecessary.Thegovernortoberefilledwithcleanedoilofsuitablegradeandairtobereleasedfromtheoilpipes.Practicalexample(31)副机和发电机需用联轴节连接。Practicalexample(32)在修理前后，尾轴和尾轴管之间的间隙需测量。Practicalexample(33)气缸盖上的所有阀需卸掉。主轴承间隙用压铅丝法重新调整。Chapter3OperatingInstructionsforKeyEquipment操作规程的书写，一般多用祈使句;简单明了地告诉使用者如何操作，有时使用条件状语从句，指明在特定的条件下如何操作，或者在发生某种情形时如何作应急处理;操作规程经常包含警示语句，多用否定句，用以说明应予避免的错误操作。Practicalexample(1)分油机手动起动（1）打开淡水、压缩空气、蒸汽等进口阀，打开沉淀柜出口阀、回油阀、日用柜进口阀。（2）合上主电源开关，将模式选择开关置于MAN位置。（3）打开油泵出口管路旁通阀，按下FEEDPUMP按钮起动供油泵，逐渐关小旁通阀，检查供油压力。（4）按下HEATER键，开始对燃油加热。（5）按下控制面板上的SEPARATION按键。Practicalexample(1)ManualStartupofOilSeparator(1)Openallinletvalvesoffreshwater,compressedairandsteam.Openoutletvalvesandoilreturnvalvesofthesettlingtanksandinletvalvesofdailyservicetanks.(2)Switchonthepowersupplies.Makesurethemodeselectionswitchisinthe"MANUAL"position.(3)Openbypassvalvesoffuelpumpoutletpipeline,pressthe"FEEDPUMP"buttontostartthefuelfeedpump,graduallyturndownbypassvalves,checkoilfeedpressure.(4)Pressthe"HEATER"buttontostartthefuelheating.(5)Pressthe"SEPARATION"buttononthecontrolpanel.Practicalexample(2)锅炉启动前应确认的事项：（1）电源是否已供到本地操作台；（2）锅炉的水位是否在允许范围内；（3）燃油系统是否备妥；（4）燃油管路压力和通过滤器的压差是否在标准范围之内；（5）给水泵和给水控制装置是否工作正常，给水管路是否有泄漏；（6）控制空气系统是否有反常现象。Practicalexample(2)Makesurethefollowingitemsbeforestartingtheboiler:(1)Whetherthepowersuppliestothelocalconsole;(2)Whethertheboilerwaterleveliswithintheallowablerange;(3)Whetherthefuelsystemisready;(4)Whetherthefuelpipespressureanddifferentialpressurethroughthefilterarewithinthenormalrange;(5)Whetherthewaterfeedpumpandwatercontroldeviceareworkingproperly,whetherthewatersupplypipesleak;(6)Whetherthecontrolairsystemisnormal.Practicalexample(3)油份浓度检测仪的操作（１）打开电源开关。（２）首先将三通阀转至清水位置，冲洗检测室一段时间，检查显示板应指示在0~2ppm；若不是，打开顶部旋塞对玻璃管内壁进行清洗，直至显示浓度在0~2ppm。（３）将三通阀转至样水位置，油份浓度检测仪投入正常工作。Practicalexample(3)OperationofOilinWaterMonitorTurnonthepowerswitch.Turnthe3-wayvalvetocleanwaterpositionfirstlyandflushthetestingroomforaperiodoftime.Checkthatdisplaypaneltoensureitindicateswithin0~2ppm.Ifnot,openthetopcocktocleantheinnerwalloftheglasstube,untilthedisplayconcentrationreaches0~2ppm.Turnthe3-wayvalvetosamplewaterposition.Oilinwatermonitorbeginstoworknormally.Practicalexample(4)（1）检查各部件及电气连接是否正常。（2）打开油水分离器进、出口阀和压缩空气阀。（3）打开海水阀WSV6，泵起动前避免干运转。（4）装置供电：将电控箱上开关S1从0转到1，电源指示灯“POWERON”亮。Practicalexample(4)(1)Checktoensureallpartsandelectricconnectionsarenormal.(2)Openthesuctionanddischargevalvesoftheoilywaterseparatorandthecompressedairvalve.(3)OpentheseawatervalveWSV6.Preventpumpsfromdryrunningbeforestartup.(4)Supplypowertodevices:turntheswitchS1onelectriccontrolboxfrom0to1,thepowerindicator“POWERON”lightwilllight.Practicalexample(5)(1)起动污水泵：按下“PUMPON”，指示灯亮，检查泵转向，至压力表指示压力大于0.3MPa，装置方可正常工作。(2)手动排油：按手动排油按钮S4（OILOUTLETMANUAL），指示灯亮（红色），气动排油阀将打开，排污油至油渣舱。(3)打开加热器：按下“HEATERON”，最高可将污油加至60℃。(4)装置运行结束后，用清水冲洗系统；停用期间，装置保持满水。Practicalexample(5)(1)Startthesewagepump:pressthe"PUMPON"buttonandtheindicatorlampwilllight,checkrotationdirectionofthepump.Thedevicecan’tworkuntilindicatedpressureofthepressuregaugeishigherthan0.3MPa.(2)Dischargeoilmanually:pressthe"OILOUTLETMANUAL"buttonS4,thentheredindicatorlampwilllight,thepneumaticoildischargevalvewillopenanddirtyoilwillbedischargedtothesludgetank.(3)Starttheheater:pressthe"HEATERON"buttontoheatdirtyoilto60℃tomaximum.(4)Washthesystemwithfreshwaterwhenthedeviceisstopped.Keepthedevicefillingwithwaterwhilenotinuse.Practicalexample(6)(1)打开示功阀，盘车至少一周。(2)柴油机模式旋钮转至“BLOW”，按下按钮“START”进行冲车。(3)如无异常，关闭示功阀，柴油机控制模式旋钮转至“LOCAL”，按下按钮“START”进行起动。确认预润滑油泵停止运转。待各参数正常后将柴油机控制模式选择旋钮转至“REMOTE”。Practicalexample(6)(1)Opentheindicatorvalves,engagetheturninggearandturntheengineatleastonerevolution.(2)Switchthedieselenginemodelto"BLOW"position,andpressthe"START"buttontoturntheengineoncompressedair.(3)Iffoundnormal,shutofftheindicatorvalves.Switchthedieselenginemodelto"LOCAL"positionandpressthe"START"buttontostarttheengine.Makesurethatpre-lubeoilpumpshavebeenstopped.Switchthedieselenginemodelto"REMOTE"positionwhenallparametersarenormal.Practicalexample(7)（1）定期（每周）进行水质化验，根据结果进行上、下排污和投放炉水处理药剂，并记录。（2）燃油压力和温度是否在标准值范围内，燃油系统是否有不正常现象；定期（每月）清洗燃油滤器。（3）炉水给水是否正常，定期（每周）冲洗水位计。（4）自动燃烧控制器运行是否正常，燃烧室进口油压是否在标准值范围内。（5）观察锅炉排烟情况和燃烧室燃烧情况，确认燃烧是否良好，燃烧良好的标志是火焰呈橘黄色。（6）定期（1~3个月）对炉膛进行水洗。Practicalexample(7)(1)Testwaterqualityregularly(weekly),carryoutupperdrain,lowerdrainandwaterchemicaltreatmentaccordingtotheresultofthetest.(2)Checktosee:whetherthefuelpressureandtemperaturearewithinthestandardrange,whetherthefuelsystemisnormal;cleanthefuelfilterregularly(monthly).(3)Checktosee:whetherboilerwaterisnormal,flushwaterlevelgaugeregularly(weekly).(4)Checktosee:whethertheautomaticcombustioncontrollerworksproperly,whetherinletfuelpressureofthecombustionchamberiswithinthestandardrange.(5)Observethesmokesituationandthecombustionsituationofthecombustionchamber,confirmagoodcombustion,orangeyellowflameisasignofgoodcombustion.(6)Flushthefurnacewithcleanwaterregularly(every1-3months).Practicalexample(8)救生艇发动机起动程序（1）检查油底壳油位、膨胀水箱水位；（2）外观查看有无松动部件；（3）检查轮带松紧；（4）确保停车软拉管插入；（5）将调油软插管全部插入；（6）将变速杆置于中位；（7）底座燃油阀、艇底放水旋塞保持常开；（8）打开排气阀；（9）插入摇把，手摇发动机起动。Practicalexample(8)Startingproceduresforlifeboatengine.(1)Checkdipstickfortheoilsumpandthefreshwaterlevelintheexpansiontank.(2)Looktheengineoverforanyloosegear.(3)Inspectdrivebeltsforlooseness.(4)Makesurecablepullforthestopispushedin.(5)Pullthethrottlecableallthewayout.(6)Placeshiftleverinneutralposition.(7)Fuelvalveunderseatanddraincockshouldalwaysbeleftopen.(8)Opentheexhaustvalves.(9)Placehandcrankintothedriveattachment,crankbyhandtostarttheengine.Practicalexample(9)到港前应确定主机是否需要换轻油。在船舶到港时一般在以下情况下需要换轻油：停机后需要进行燃油系统设备检修；船舶需要进坞修理；停车时间5天以上；当地环保法规要求使用低硫燃油。Practicalexample(9)Beforearrival,itshouldbedeterminedwhethertochangetorunonlightoil.Theshipusuallyneedstorunonlightoilinthefollowingcases:fueloilsystemequipmentneedtobeoverhauledafterstoppage;shipneedstoberepairedatdock;themainenginewillbeidleformorethan5days;localenvironmentalregulationsrequiretheuseoflowsulfurfuel.Practicalexample(10)到港前应从电网解除轴带发电机并与主机脱开，由两台柴油发电机同时向电网供电。轴带发动机向船首侧推装置供电，并确定侧推装置工作正常。进行CPP装置操作试验，以确定CPP装置工作正常。Practicalexample(10)Beforearrival,shaft-drivengeneratorshouldbecutofffrompowersystem.Thepowersystemissuppliedby2dieselgenerators.Shaft-drivengeneratorsuppliespowertothebowthruster.Thebowthrustermustbeconfirmedworkingproperly.TheCPPdeviceshouldbeoperational-testedtodeterminetheCPPdeviceisworkingproperly.Chapter4Letter&Telegram1).Layoutofaletter2).Practicalexamples1).Layoutofaletter

Subject:DearSir(s),Wehavethehonortoinformyouthat……...Thankyouinadvanceforyourhelp!YoursfaithfullyABC

C.C.Encl.2).Practicalexamples代理先生：我轮主机5号缸套发现有裂纹，请你尽快与当地的有关船厂联系，派几位有经验的工人上船更换新缸套。费用再议。如能得到你及时的帮助，将不胜感激！对你的协助谨先致谢！Subject:RepairsrequestDearagent,No.5cylinderlinerofmainengineofourvesselhasbeenfoundcracked.Pleasecontactwithrelativelocalshipyardstosendafewexperiencedworkersonboardtoreplacenewcylinderforus.Theexpensescanbediscussedaftertheycomeonboard.Wewillbegratefulifyoucanhelpusintime!Thankyouinadvanceforyourkindhelp!验船申请

王先生：您好!现通知您，我船荣兴轮预计2005年6月10日靠大连港，届时请安排贵社验船师登轮完成下列检验：1．安全设备年检，它们在2005年6月20日到期。2．起货机负荷试验。请与我们的代理联系，并确定船舶到达的准确时间，以便你们作出适当安排，避免延误。

谢谢！Applicationforashipsurvey

DearMr.Wang:Pleasebeinformedthatsubjectvesselwillcall(orisatportofDalian)DalianonJune10,2005,kindlyarrangeyoursurveyortoattendonboardtocarryoutthefollowingsurvey(s):

1.Safetyequipmentannualsurvey，whichisdueonJune20,2005;2.Cargogearloadtest

Pleaseliaisewithship'sagenttheexacttimeofourarrivalinorderyoutomakeproperarrangementtoavoidanydelay.

Subject:PartsrequestDearsir,Pleasesupplymyvesselwiththeunder-mentionedenginepartsaspersampleandreturnthemwhenfinished.Pistonring10pcs;Exhaustvalve6pcs;Fuelvalve8pcs.Subject:ToagentDearsir,Whiletheves