2017-2018学年高一英语北师大版必修二教学案Unit6Section3

Ⅰ.词义匹配1．cottagea．akindorforgivingattitudetowardssb.2．rentb．notwide3．mercyc．hangingclothusedasablind(especiallyforawindow)4．dampd．asmallhousewithasinglestory5．bathee．tohaveabath6．narrowf．oforlocatedinthelowerpartofatown,orinthebusinesscenter7．downtowng．slightlywet8．curtainh．aregularpaymentbyatenanttoalandlordforuseofsomeproperty答案：1～5dhage6～8bfcⅡ.根据词性及汉语意思写出单词1．basementn．地下室2．fencen.栅栏，围墙3．garagen.车库4．garbagen.垃圾，废物5．apartmentn.(美)公寓住宅6．subwayn.(美)地铁7．lorryn.卡车，载重汽车Ⅲ.补全短语1．...with...ith...与……共用(分享)……2．bythetime到……时候3．toomuch太多4．evenso即使这样，尽管如此5．atleast至少6．makenoise制造噪音7．takeabath洗澡8．dreamof梦想9．dreamup虚构；凭空想像10．holdone'sbreath屏住呼吸11．beadaptedfrom由……改编；改编自12．workout理解，弄懂13．wakeup(把……)叫醒1．BythetimewegottoMangoStreetweweresix—Mama,Papa,Carlos,Kiki,mysisterNennyandme.搬到芒果街时，家里有六口人——妈妈、爸爸、卡洛斯、基基、姐姐内妮和我。[句式分析]“bythetime＋从句”意思为“到……时候为止”。[佳句赏析]到我们长大时才逐步理解了父母。Bythetimewegrewup,wecametounderstandourparents.2．Outbackisasmallgarageforthecarwedon'townyetandasmallyardthatlookssmallerbetweenthetwobuildingsoneitherside.出门往后院走有一间小车库，但现在我们还没有车。还有一个小院子，夹在两边的高楼中显得更小了。[句式分析]此句为倒装结构，wedon'townyet和thatlookssmaller...是定语从句，分别修饰garage和yard。[佳句赏析]在这个庭院里有一棵高树，它的树冠比别的树都高。Inthecourtyardstandsatalltreewhosetophigherthananyothertrees.3．(长难句分析)ThiswasthehousePapatalkedaboutwhenhedreamedofbeingrichandthiswasthehouseMamadreamedupinthestoriesshetoldusbeforewewenttobed.这是爸爸梦想富有时描述的房子，也是在睡觉前妈妈讲给我们的故事中她所梦想的房子。[句式分析]这是一个由and连接的并列复合句。and前是一个复合句，包含一个定语从句和一个由when引导的时间状语从句。and后也是一个复合句，包括两个定语从句和一个由before引导的时间状语从句。A．WorkinPairs.Discusswhatyourdreamhousewouldbelike.Usethekeywordstohelpyou.Example:I'dlikeabig,modernflatincentralShanghai.Itwouldhave...Keywords：houses:cottage,flat,house,palace,castlerooms:bathroom,bedroom,diningroom,sittingroom,hall,gamesroom,kitchenB．Matchthepictureswiththekindsofhouses.a．flat/apartmentb．castlec．Palaced．cottage答案：1.d2.a3.b4.cⅠ.Fast­readingReadthetextquickly.Matchtheheadingswiththeproperparagraphs.1．Paragraph1A．Ourdreamhouse.2．Paragraph2B．ReasonsformovingtoMangoStreet.3．Paragraph3C．Movingalot.4．Paragraph4D．ConditionsofourhouseonMangoStreet.5．Paragraph5E．Ourownhouse.答案：1～5CEBADⅡ.Careful­readingReadthetextcarefullyandthenfillinthechartwiththeinformationinthetext.Title:TheHouseonMangoStreetTheflatonLoomis★Inthe1.woodenwallstherewereworms.★Thelandlordwouldn'tfixthewaterpipeseventheybroke.★Wewereusingthe2.washroomnextdoorandcarryingwaterover.★Intheflateverythingwas3.damp.Thedreamhouse★Therewouldberunningwaterandabathtubandpipesthatworked.★Insideitwouldhavereal4．stairs,_likethehousesonTV.★Wewouldhavea5.basementandatleastthreewashroomssowewouldn'thavetotelleverybodywhenwantingtobathe.★Itwouldbewhitewith6.treesaroundit,agreatbigyardandgrassgrowingwithoutafence.ThehouseonMangoStreet★Itissmallandredwith7.narrowstepsinfrontandwindowsaresmall.★Thereisnofrontyard,onlyfourlittletreesthecityplantedonthesideofthestreet.★Outbackisasmall8.garageforthecarwedon'townandasmallyard.★Therearestairsinthehouse,butthey're9.ordinaryones.★Thehousehasonlyonewashroomandeverybodyhastosharea10.bedroom.考点1rentn．租金；房租vt.租用；出租[教材原句]ThehouseonMangoStreetisours,andwedon'thavetopayrenttoanybody...芒果街上的房子是我们自己的，不用给任何人交房租……(1)n.租金；房租Idon'tearnenoughtopaytherent,letalonerunacar.我的收入不够交房租，更不用说买汽车了。forrent招租payrentto向……付租金Doyouhaveathree­bedroomapartmentforrent?你有带三间卧室的公寓出租吗？(2)vt.租用；出租rent...from...向……租用……rent...to...将……出租给……rentout把……租出去IrentaroomfromMrsJones.我向琼斯太太租了一个房间。Theoldcouplerentroomstostudentsnearby.那对老年夫妇将房子出租给了附近的学生。Notafewcitizensinbigcitiesmaketheirlivingbyrentingouthouses.在大城市很多市民靠出租房屋谋生。1．介词填空①Theyletthehousetomeatarentof100dollarsamonth.②Theydidn'tfindanyroomsforrent.③MrHillrentsthislandtousat￡500ayear.2．完成句子④你找到出租的公寓了吗？Haveyoufoundaflatfor_rent?⑤我们的教学楼是从另一学校租来的。Ourteachingbuildingis_rented_fromanotherschool.⑥为获得额外收入，她决定出租一个房间。Shedecidedtorented__out_a_roomtogetextraine.考点2mercyn．慈悲，怜悯，同情心；幸运，恩惠[教材原句]Hehadnomercysowehadtoleavefast.他没有同情心所以我们不得不赶快离开。(1)n.慈悲，怜悯，同情心(1)showmercytosb.＝havemercyon/upon怜悯某人，宽恕某人showsb.nomercy＝shownomercytosb.对某人毫不怜悯withoutmercy毫不留情地atthemercyof受……支配，听任……摆布(2)mercifuladj.宽厚的，仁慈的bemercifulto对……仁慈Thekindwomanshowedmercytothepoormanandgavehimsomewater.这位好心的妇女怜悯这可怜的人并给他了一些水。Therichmanhadnomercyon/uponanyone,includinghisparents.那位富人对任何人都没有表现出同情心，包括他的父母。Theywerelostatsea,atthemercyofwindandweather.他们在海上迷失了方向，任凭风和天气的摆布。ShebelievesinGodandismercifultoothers.她信仰上帝，对别人仁慈。(2)n.幸运，恩惠WethanktheLordforallhismercies.我们感谢主赐给我们的一切恩惠。eq\x(It'samercythat...幸运的是……)It'samercythathegotatimelytreatment.幸运的是他得到了及时的治疗。1．介词填空①Weshouldpunishthedrunkdriverswithoutmercy.②Mancannotbeatthemercyofnature.③Weneverhavemercyon/uponbadpeople.2．完成句子④当我们犯错误时，老师对我们毫不怜悯。Theteachershowed_no_mercy_to_uswhenwemademistakes.⑤真幸运我们在这儿遇到了你。It's_a_mercy_thatwehavemetyouhere.⑥在失去引擎动力之后，船员们发现自己只能任凭风力摆布了。Havinglostenginepower,theboat'screwfoundthemselvesat_the_mercy_ofthewind.考点3narrowadj.狭窄的；勉强的；狭隘的[教材原句]It'ssmallandredwithnarrowstepsinfrontandwindowssosmallthatyou'dthinktheywereholdingtheirbreath.房子很小，还是红色的，前面有狭窄的台阶，窗户小得让你觉得它们在屏住呼吸。Thegateistoonarrowforacar.大门太窄，汽车进不去。You'vegotanarrowideaaboutthequestion.你对这个问题的看法太狭隘。anarrowescape/majority死里逃生，幸免于难/微弱多数narrowlyadv.狭窄地，狭隘地narrowv.变窄，缩小；眯上(眼睛)Ihadanarrowescapefromdeathinthecaraccident.在交通事故中，我幸免于难。Theyplannedtonarrowthegapbetweenimportsandexports.他们计划缩小进出口的差额。完成句子①这对夫妻从火灾中死里逃生。Thecouplehada_narrow_escape_fromthefire.②她心胸狭隘。Shehasa_narrow_mind.③他以52对50票的微弱多数当选。Hewaselectedbya_narrow_majorityof52to50.考点4atleast至少；起码[教材原句]Andwe'dhaveabasementandatleastthreewashroomssowhenwewantedtobathewewouldn'thavetotelleverybody.并且我们会有一个地下室以及至少三个卫生间，这样我们想洗澡时就不用通知任何人。Trytoeatatleastoneappleaday.每天尽量至少吃一个苹果。notintheleast＝notatall一点也不lastbutnotleast最后但同样重要的是atmost至多，顶多I'mnotintheleastsatisfiedwiththeresult.我对这结果一点也不满意。Hehasfinishedhalfoftheprojectatmostbynow.到现在为止，他至多完成了规划的一半。完成句子①Thetripwilltakethreedaysat_least(至少)．②Maryisnot_in_the_least_worried(一点也不担心)．③Thereareat_most(至多)tenpeopleintheclassroom.④Last_but_not_least(最后但同样重要的是),letmeintroduceournewmanagerMr.Johnson.考点5holdone'sbreath屏住呼吸[教材原句]It'ssmallandredwithnarrowstepsinfrontandwindowssosmallthatyou'dthinktheywereholdingtheirbreath.房子很小，是红色的，前面是窄窄的楼梯，窗子小得让你觉得它们在屏住呼吸。Thewhalecanholditsbreathunderwaterforhalfanhour.鲸鱼能在水下屏住呼吸待半小时。(1)takeadeepbreath深吸一口气，深呼吸takebreath喘口气，歇口气loseone'sbreath喘不过气来outofbreath上气不接下气，气喘吁吁(2)breathev.呼吸，喘气，吸入(空气)Takeadeepbreathandyoumayfeelrelaxed.深深地吸一口气，那样你会觉得轻松的。Whengettingtothetopofthemountain,theyalmostlosttheirbreath.当到达山顶时，他们几乎喘不过气来。Thedoctoraskedmetobreathein,thentobreatheoutfully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。1．选词填空：breath,breathe①EverymorningIgoouttobreathefreshair.②Hedrewadeepbreathtocalmhimselfdown.2．完成句子③Heheld_his_breath(屏住呼吸),notdaringtomakeanysound.④I'mout_of_breath(上气不接下气)afterrunningupthestairs.⑤Ifyourunveryfast,youmaylose_your__breath(喘不过气来)．考点6evenso即使这样；尽管如此[教材原句]Butevenso,it'snotthehousewethoughtwe'dget.但即使这样，那也不是我们想得到的房子。Itwasnotthemostexcitingplace,butevenso,Ihadagoodtime.这并不是最好玩的地方，尽管如此，我还是玩得很开心。(1)evenif/eventhough即使，纵然evennow/then甚至到现在/那时(2)ifso如果这样的话ifnot如果不这样的话Evennowhewon'tbelieveme.他甚至到现在还不相信我。Ifyou'vefinisheditwecanhaveacoffee;ifnot,you'dbettergoonworking.你要是已经完成了，咱们可以喝杯咖啡——不然的话，你最好继续工作。1．选词填空：evenso,ifso①Areyoufreethisevening?If_so,_let'sgooutforameal.②Thenewmethodisnotperfect;even_soit'smuchbetterthantheoldone.2．完成句子③Thefirewasout,buteven_so(即使如此),thesmellofsmokewasstrong.④Even_if/though_you_disagree_with_her(即使你不同意她的意见),she'sworthlisteningto.⑤Even_then(甚至到那时)hewouldnotadmithismistake.1．By_the_timewegottoMangoStreetweweresix—Mama,Papa,Carlos,Kiki,mysisterNennyandme.搬到芒果街时，家里有六口人——妈妈、爸爸、卡洛斯、基基、姐姐内妮和我。bythetime＋从句，表示“到……时候为止”。Bythetimetheclockstrikestwelve,Ishallbeaway.钟敲12点的时候，我就要走了。BythetimeIgottothestationthetrainhadalreadygone.我到达火车站时，火车已经开走了。Bythetimethealarmwentoff,Iwasawake.当闹钟铃响时，我已经醒了。thefirst/last/nexttime＋从句第一次/最后一次/下一次……each/everytime＋从句每一次……themoment/minute＋从句一……就……EverytimeImeether,shesmilesatme.每一次我碰到她，她都向我微笑。Thesnowflakesmeltthemomenttheytouchone'shand.雪沾手就融化。[名师指津]bythetime后接(that)从句时，主从句的时态互应关系是：(1)从句用一般现在时时，主句通常用将来完成时。(2)从句用一般过去时时，主句通常用过去完成时，有时也用一般过去时。此时bythetime常常表示“在……的时候；到……的时候”。1．单句语法填空①Bythetimehegotmarried,hehad_studied(study)historyfortenyears.②Bythetimehewentabroad,hewas(be)fourteen.③BythetimeIgraduatenextyear,Iwill_have_lived(live)hereforfiveyears.2．完成句子④他上次来开罗(Cairo)时住的那家旅馆叫什么？Whatwasthenameofthehotelhehadstayedinthe_last_time_he_was_in_Cairo?⑤他一回来，我就告诉你。As_soon_as/The_minute_he_es_back,_I'llletyouknow.2．Out_back_is_a_small_garageforthecarwedon'townyetandasmallyardthatlookssmallerbetweenthetwobuildingsoneitherside.出门往后院走有一个小车库，但现在我们还没有车。还有一个小院子，夹在两边的高楼中显得更小了。(1)本句为完全倒装结构。句子的主语是asmallgarage和asmallyard；句中的谓语动词根据就近原则用单数；wedon'townyet和thatlookssmaller...都是定语从句。为了平衡句子结构，把表语前置至句首而形成完全倒装。完全倒装句的结构是：地点状语＋谓语＋主语＋其他。Outrushedthechildrenafterclass.下课后孩子们蜂拥而出。(2)完全倒装结构的用法。①表示时间、地点和方位的副词放在句首，如in,out,up,down,on,off,back,away,now,then等。Downdropsthemeatintothefox'smouth.那块肉一下子就掉入了狐狸的嘴里。②表示地点的介词短语放在句首。Underthebigtreesatsomefarmers.大树下坐着一些农夫。Fromthewindowcamethesoundofmusic.从窗外传来了音乐声。③以引导词there,here开头的句子。Theregoesthebell.铃响了。Hereesthemedicalteam.医疗队来了。[名师指津]若句子主语是代词，则主、谓语不倒装。—I'dlikethatpairofshoes.—Hereyouare.——我想要那双鞋子。——给你。句型转换①Ournewteacherstandsinthefrontoftheclassroom.→Inthefrontoftheclassroomstandsournewteacher.②Theraincamedown.→Downcametherain.③Hewentout.→Outhewent.④Ayoungmanwithabookinhishandissittingbythewindow.→Bythewindowissittingayoungmanwithabookinhishand.[对应学生课下能力提升(十一)]Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Afreeflowofwatercamefromthepipe.2．Thenewcurtainisaperfectmatchforthecarpet(地毯)．3．Thepathistoonarrowforacartogoalong.4．Thegeneralshowednomercytoalltheprisoners.5．Hecan'taffordtherentofthehouse,sohehastomoveout.6．It'sgreattogototheseasideandbatheyourselfinbrilliantsunshine.7．Mygrandparentsliveinthesmallcottage(村舍)attheotherendofthevillage.8．Becarefulwhenyoubackyourcarintothegarage(车库),asthedoorwayiscoveredwithice.9．Mydadwasdrivingdowntown(市区)toshopandIwasgoingalongfortheride.10．Therearemanysmallworms(虫子)inthedamphouse.Ⅱ.完成句子1．Themovieis_adapted_from(由……改编)anovelwrittenbyBajin.2．Jackeatstoo_much_fat(太多脂肪)everyday,whichisharmfultohishealth.3．Havingtaken_a_bath(洗澡)inacoldmountainstream,wewenttoavillage.4．Theyshowed_mercy_to(对……仁慈)thepooroldmanandfoundhimajob.5．By_the_time_you_e(你来的时候),wewillhavefinishedit.Ⅲ.翻译句子1．山顶上有座寺庙。(stand)On_the_top_of_the_hill_stands_a_temple.2．老师进来了，然后开始上课。(e)In_came_the_teacher_and_the_class_began.3．有很多工作要做，我不能去度假。(with)With_a_lot_of_work_to_do,_I_can't_go_on_holiday.Ⅳ.课文缩写语法填空Wedidn'talwaysliveonMangoStreet.Wemovedalot.ThehouseonMangoStreetis1.ours(we),andwedon'thavetopayrentandworryaboutthelandlord2.being_angry(anger).Butevenso,it'snotthehousewethoughtwe'dget.WehadtoleavetheflatonLoomisquick3.becausethewaterpipesbrokeandsoon.Wehadtousethewashroomnextdoorandcarriedwaterover.That's4.whywemovedintothehouseonMangoStreet,faraway,ontheothersideofthetown.Myparentsalwaystoldusthatonedaywewouldmoveintoahouse,arealhouse5.that/whichwouldbeours.Andwewouldhaveabasement,atleastthreewashrooms,abigyardandgrassgrowing6.withoutafence.ThiswasthehousePapatalked7.about_whenhedreamedofbeingrich.ButthehouseonMangoStreetisnotthewaythey8.described(describe)it.It'ssmallandredwithnarrowstepsinfront.Outback9.isasmallgarageforthecarwedon'town10.yet.Ⅴ.阅读理解ADuetothehighcostofenergyandtheneedtopreservenature,designingabuildingwithgreenaimsandsustainable(可持续的)energysourcesisanecessityintoday'sworld.Therearemanydifferentthingsthatgointothedesignandconstructionofagreenbuilding.First,thesiteofthebuildingmustbetakenintoaccountinordertocreatethemostefficientdesignforthatarea.Theplaceofthesun,theheightofsurroundingtreesaswellasthepositionsandheightofsurroundingbuildingsmustbelookedatindetailinordertogetthelargestamountofnaturallight.Naturallightingisagoodwaytokeeppersonsfeelingawakeandrefreshed.Furthermore,thematerialsthatareusedduringtheconstructionarealsoimportant.Usingrecycledmaterialswillhelpyoucutdowncostsaswellashelptheenvironment.Anothergreatwaytohelptheenvironmentisbyusingmaterialsthataremadelocallysoastogetridofthetransportationcostsandusageofenergythattheyrequiretobedelivered.Highvalueinsulating(起隔热作用的)materialsshouldbeusedinthewallsandceilingsinordertokeepthenaturalheatorair,reducingtherateofrunningthebuilding'sairconditionersandthussavingmoneyinenergycosts.Inaddition,somegreendesignsalsocanbeaddedtothetopoftheroof.Oneoftheimportantgreendesignsistheroofgarden.Ontallbuildingsorbuildingsinareasthathavelargepopulation,theroofgardenallowsforanaturalenvironmentinacity.Roofgardensalsoallowforalongerlifetimeoftheroofandareagreatwaytocatchextrawaterwhichcanbeusedtofilltoiletsinsidethebuilding.Wecanalsoputequipmentonthetopofthebuildingswhichmakesuseofthesolarpowerandwindpowertocreateelectricity.Lastbutnotleast,advancesintechnologyplayanimportantpartinthegreenbuilding.Ourlivingandworkingconditionshavebenefitedfromhightechnology,andasaresult,sohasourenvironment.eq\x(语篇解读：本文讲的是设计建设环保房子所涉及的各个方面。)1．Whichofthefollowingshouldbeconsideredinordertogetthelargestamountofnaturallight?a．Thepositionofthesun.b．Theplacesofsurroundingtrees.c．Theheightofsurroundingtrees.d．Theheightofsurroundingbuildings.e．Theplacesofsurroundingbuildings.f．Thenumberofsurroundingtrees.A．abcdB．acdeC．bcefD．acdf解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Theplaceofthesun,theheightofsurroundingtreesaswellasthepositionsandheightofsurroundingbuildingsmustbelookedatindetailinordertogetthelargestamountofnaturallight.”可知答案。答案：B2．Wecanlearnfromthefourthparagraphthat________.A．theroofgardenisagoodwaytosaveenergyB．peoplelivingintallbuildingsdon'tlovenaturalenvironmentC．thelargerpopulationabuildinghas,theworsetheenvironmentisD．theelectricityinthebuildingismadebytheequipmentonthetopofit解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Roofgardensalsoallowforalongerlifetimeoftheroofandareagreatwaytocatchextrawaterwhichcanbeusedtofilltoiletsinsidethebuilding.”可见建造房顶花园可获取额外的水并加以利用，能节约能源。答案：A3．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.A．thesiteofthebuildingisthemostimportanttocreatethemostefficientbuildingB．onthetopofthebuilding,youcanaddanythingasyoulikeC．wehavebenefitedalotfromhightechnologyD．usinglow­costmaterialscan'thelptheenvironment解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Ourlivingandworkingconditionshavebenefitedfromhightechnology,andasaresult,sohasourenvironment.”可知答案。答案：C4．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．EnergysavingB．TheprotectionofenvironmentC．GreenbuildingsD．Advancedtechnology解析：标题归纳题。本文讲的是设计建设环保房子所涉及的各个方面。答案：CBFrenchpainterPaulGauguinwasborninParisin1848andthenmovedtoPeruwithhisfamilywhenhewasonlyachild.Whenheturned17,hewenttosea.HereturnedtoParisaftersixyears.Hedidnotimmediatelybeeanartist.HechosetosettleinParisandlearntobeeastockbroker(股票经纪人).Severalyearslater,Paulgaveuphiscareertodevotehislifetopaintinginordertoshowthesimplebeautyhesawinthelivesofprimitive(原始的)peoples.Hewasquiteusedtosuccessandbelievedthathewouldsucceedinpainting.Unfortunately,hiswifesawitasanunnecessaryhobbyandneverforgavehimforhis“selfish”decision.PaulhadalwaysenjoyedtheartoftheFrenchartistsknownastheimpressionists(印象派画家).Hetookuppaintingrightawayandlaterheexhibitedhisworkswithotherimpressionists.However,therealityoflivinganartist'slifeshockedhim.Heenjoyedhisformerfortssomuchthathehaddifficultygettingusedtohisnewlifeinpoverty.In1886,hedecidedtoleaveParisandliveinBrittany.Afterayear,hedecidedtotraveltoPanamawhereheworkedasaworker.ThenhewenttoMartinique,wherehelivedandpaintedinfreedom.However,afterayearoflivinginMartinique,hewasforcedtoreturntoBrittany,pennilessandquiteill.In1888,hevisitedanotherfamousartist,VincentvanGogh.PaulslowlybrokeawayfromtheimpressionistmovementandpaintedVisionaftertheSermon.Thispaintingwasimportantinhiscareerbecauseitledanewstyle.ItwasthebeautifulsurroundingsofBrittanyandhisvoyagesthatledtohisownuniquestyle.PaulGauguindevotedhistimetopaintinginpureandbrightcolors.Aftermanyyearsofpovertyandsickness,PaulGauguindiedfromheartfailurein1903.eq\x(语篇解读：本文主要讲述了高更的一生及其艺术。)5．FromParagraph2,wecaninferthat________.A．asastockbroker,PaulGauguinwassuccessfulB．allhisfamilyacceptedhischoiceofbeingapainterC．hedecidedtopaintinordertoearnmoremoneyD．he