【英语】初三英语阅读理解提高训练及解析

【英语】初三英语阅读理解提高训练及解析一、阅读理解1．根据短文内容理解选择正确答案。C

Whatisyourfavoritecolor?AskfamouspersonslikeCateBlanchett,ScarlettJohnson,andBono（singerforthebandU2）,andmaybetheywillsay“green.”That’snotbecausetheseartistslikethecolorgreenbest.Instead,theyareinterestedingreenfashion.

Greenfashionisaboutmaking（andwearing）clothesthataregoodforhumans,animals,andtheEarth.Inthepast,greenfashionmadepeoplethinkofuglyclothes.Buttoday,greenfashionisdifferent.ItisaboutlookinggoodandcaringabouttheEarthandotherpeople.Youcanhaveinterestingclothesandbegreen.

Aroundtheworld,greenfashionisbecomingpopular.Forexample,theU.K.companyPeopleTreesellsmen’sandwomen’sclothingandaccessories（配搭物）.Theyaremadefromnaturalfabrics（织物）likecottonandwool.WorkerswhomaketheclothesarefromcountrieslikeKenya（肯尼亚）,andBangladesh（孟加拉国）.PeopleTreepaysthemenandwomengoodmoneyfortheclothestheymake.SingerBonoandhiswifealsostartedaclothingcompanycalledEDUN.Whentheclothesaresold,EDUNusesmostofthemoneytohelppeoplearoundtheworld.（1）Fromthispassage,weknowthat“greenfashion”means________.A.

puttinggreencoloronyourface

B.

makingclothesfromgreentreesC.

wearingthecolorgreenallthetime

D.

wearingclothesthataregoodfortheEarth（2）Today,greenfashionis___________.A.

thesameasitwasinthepast

B.

makingpeopleworkharderC.

morepopularandinteresting

D.

mostlypopularwithfamouspersons（3）Whichsentenceaboutgreenclothingcompaniesistrue?A.

TheyareallinAfrica.

B.

Theydonotpaytheirworkerswell.C.

Theymakeclothesonlyforwomen.

D.

Theyusenaturalfabricstomakeclothes.（4）WhatdoesEDUNdo?A.

Itteachespeopletomakeclothes.

B.

Itmakesinterestingclothesforteenagers.C.

Itsellsclothesandusesthemoneytohelppeople.D.

Itpayspeoplegoodmoneyfortheclothestheymake.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】⑴细节理解。根据第二段Greenfashionisaboutmaking（andwearing）clothesthataregoodforhumans,animals,andtheEarth可知绿色时尚是做或者穿对人、动物和地球有益的衣服。故选D。⑵细节理解。根据第二段Buttoday,greenfashionisdifferent.和第三段Aroundtheworld,greenfashionisbecomingpopular可知当今绿色时尚更受欢迎。故选C。⑶细节理解。根据第三段可知heU.K.companyPeopleTreesellsmen'sandwomen'sclothingandaccessories（配搭物）.Theyaremadefromnaturalfabrics（织物）likecottonandwool.WorkerswhomaketheclothesarefromcountrieslikeKenya（肯尼亚）,andBangladesh（孟加拉国）.PeopleTreepaysthemenandwomengoodmoneyfortheclothestheymake.可知他们用天然纤维制作衣服。ABC错误，故选D。⑷细节理解。跟最后一句Whentheclothesaresold,EDUNusesmostofthemoneytohelppeoplearoundtheworld.可知他们用钱帮助全世界的人们。故选Ｃ【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。2．根据短文内容选择正确答案。BWhenyou'renotathome,manyworriesmaystarttocrowdyourmind.DidIturnthecoffeemakeroff?DidIlockthedoor?Arethekidsdoingtheirhomeworkorwatchingtelevision?Withasmarthome,youcanquietalloftheseworries.Asmarthomeisahomewithacommunicationnetwork.Thisnetworkconnectsdevices（装置）,suchaslightsandTVsets,andallowsthemtobecontrolledfromfarawaythroughelectricalwiring,mobilephonecommunicationorWiFiovertheinternet.Moreandmorepeoplemaystarttoconsiderowningasmarthome,becauseitmakeslifemuchmoreconvenient.Itcanhelpkeepyourroomatacertaintemperature.Itcanrecordwhathappensinsidethehomeandsendthevideotoyourphone.Whenyouareonvacationabroad,youcanuseasmarthomecontrollertoswitchonorofftheelectricitywhennecessary.Somesmarthomescanreceiveavisitor,allowinghimtocomeinandofferinghimadrink.Theycanevenfeedthecatandwatertheplants.Besides,smarthomesareeasytofix.Mostsmarthometechnologyanddevicesarewirelessandcanbesetupwithaminimumoftools,usingonlytheguidinginformation.Whenaproblemappears,youcandealwithityourselfwithoutpayingaprofessional.However,forhome-users,thesmarthometechnologyisfarfromperfect.Itcanberatherexpensivetoownthetechnologyandthedevices.Also,becausethesmarthomesystem（系统）allowitsownertogethomeinformationfromanywhere,itleavesthehomeeasytobeattackedbyhackers（黑客）,whomaysecretlyuseorchangetheinformationinthesystem.Now,manyscientistsareexcitedatthefutureofsmarthometechnology.Imaginebeingabletogetfashionadvicefromyourmirror,orreceivefoodshoppingsuggestionsfromyourrefrigerator.Whilethereareotherswhoworrythatthosesmartdeviceswillmakepeoplelazierandlonelier.Whateveritis,onethingisforsure---smarthometechnologywillchangethewayweliveandwork.（1）Accordingtothepassage,nowadaysasmarthomecanlockthedoorthrough

.A.

electriclights

B.

mirrortechnologies

C.

mobilephones

D.

shoppingprograms（2）Thethirdparagraphofthepassageismainlyabout

.A.

thestepstousesmartsystems

B.

thepricesofsmartprogramsC.

theadvantagesofasmarthome

D.

thetoolsforsettingupsmartdevices（3）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutasmarthomeaccordingtothepassage?A.

Smarthomescan'thelpfeedpetsnowadays.B.

Smarthomescostsalotofmoneyatpresent.C.

Youcan'tcontrolyoursmarthomeinothercountries.D.

It'shardforhackerstogetinformationfromsmarthomes.（4）What'sthewriter'sopinionaccordingtothepassage?A.

Peoplewillbecomelesshappyinthefuture.B.

People'slifestylewillbedifferentinthefuture.C.

Mobilephonesarethemostimportantinsmarthomes.D.

Smarthomesaremuchbetterthanothersmartsystems.【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）B（4）B【解析】【分析】本文介绍了智能家居的基本功能和新型理念，作者认为智能家居技术将对我们的生活和工作方式带来变革。（1）推理判断。根据第二段allowsthemtobecontrolledfromfarawaythroughelectricalwiring,mobilephonecommunicationorWiFiovertheinternet.可知智能仪器可以通过电线，手机，无线网络等控制。electriclights电子光线；mirrortechnologies镜像技术；mobilephones移动电话；shoppingprograms购物程序。故选C。（2）段落大意。根据第三段第一句Moreandmorepeoplemaystarttoconsiderowningasmarthome,becauseitmakeslifemuchmoreconvenient.可知越来越多的人开始考虑拥有一个智能家庭，因为它给生活带来极大的方便，结合下文可知都是在谈论智能家庭的优点。故选C。（3）细节理解。根据Theycanevenfeedthecatandwatertheplants可知A错误；根据第四段Itcanberatherexpensivetoownthetechnologyandthedevices.可知B正确；根据第三段Whenyouareonvacationabroad,youcanuseasmarthomecontrollertoswitchonorofftheelectricitywhennecessary.可知C错误；根据第四段itleavesthehomeeasytobeattackedbyhackers（黑客）,可知D错误。故选B。（4）观点态度。根据最后一句话Whateveritis,onethingisforsure---smarthometechnologywillchangethewayweliveandwork.可知智能家庭技术会改变我们生活和工作的方式。故选B。【点评】读说明文时首先确定文章的中心句，通常在句首，然后快速浏览文章内容。阅读问题，找到问题中的关键词。在文章中定位问题中的关键词，答案就在关键词附近。3．根据短文内容选择正确答案。C

Grace,usuallyknownastheHomeofMicrosoft,isinsideanofficebuildinginRedmond,Washington.Onceyoucomeintothebuilding,youwillfeelthatyou'reinamodernandfuturehome.

Whenyouenterthebuilding,Grace'svoice,comingfromahiddenspeaker,tellsyouyourmessages.Inthekitchen,yousetabagofflour（面粉）onaflatstonetable.Graceseeswhatyou'redoingandmakesamenuofflour-basedfoodsonthetable.Onceyouchooseone,Gracegivesyouingredients（配料）.

There'salsoanoticeboardinthekitchenmadeof“intelligent（智能的）cloth”thatworkslikeatouchscreencomputer.Youcandealwithpostcardsandinvitationsandsurfthenetwiththetouchofafinger.Theinvitationscouldbeencoded（编码）.Youcandealwiththemonthecomputer.It'spartofMicrosoft'sSmartPersonalObjectsTechnology,whoseaimistomakeeveryobjectmoreefficient（有效率的）.

“Thedaywhenyourhousebecomesamemberofyourfamilyisnotfar,”saysPamHeath,amanagerofMicrosoft.AttheAndersenWindowsCompany,JayLibbyimaginesthatwindowsmadeofintelligentglasscanbechangedintoTVs.

“Nobodywantsatelevisionset,”saysLibby.“Whatyouwantistheserviceitprovides.”IftheTVisn'timproved,itwilldisappearinthefuture.

Homeentertainmentisoneconsiderationforthefuture.AttheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyinAtlanta,scientistsaredesigningsystemsthatwillallowoldpeopletolivebetterontheirown.SoGrandma'shomecanbecleverlydesignedtorecognize（识别）herwaysofwaking,sleepingandmovement.Familymemberswillbetoldanychangebytheircomputers.（1）WecanknowfromthepassagethatGrace_________.A.

isanideaknownastheMicrosoftHome

B.

isamachinethatworkslikeaTVC.

canunderstandwhatitsmasterdoes

D.

cancookmealsforitsmaster（2）Accordingtothepassage,allthefollowingaretrueEXCEPT________.A.

GracecanhelpyouinthekitchenB.

youcanusethecomputerwithatouchscreenC.

windowswilltaketheplaceofTVsetsinthenearfutureD.

TVtechnologyneedsimproving（3）Itcanbeinferred（推断）fromthepassagethat________.A.

thebuildinginthefuturewillbeintelligentB.

yourwindowswillbechangedintoTVsC.

fewpeoplewilllikewatchingTVinthefutureD.

alltheoldpeoplewilllivewithoutothers’help（4）Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.

ModernHome

B.

PopularHome

C.

FutureHome

D.

SmartHome【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】你走进厨房，Grace会告诉你相关的留言，你看见面粉，Grace会给你提供面食的菜单，你选择一个菜单，Grace会给你相关的配料，这些都是智能家庭给我们带来的便利，高效。在未来智能家庭还会提供更多更便利的科技，计算机正改变着我们的生活。（1）推理判断。根据第一段的描述和第二段tellsyouyourmessages告诉你信息；makesamenuofflour-basedfoodsonthetable制定面食菜单；givesyouingredients给你配料等，可知Grace应该是一台家庭智能机器，它会看懂你做的事情，并提供必要的帮助，故选C。（2）推理判断。根据第二段在厨房的活动可知A是对的；根据第二段thatworkslikeatouchscreencomputer和Youcandealwiththemonthecomputer可知B是对的；根据第三段windowsmadeofintelligentglasscanbechangedintoTVs用智能玻璃做成的Windows可以变成电视，并没有要取代电视的意思，故C是错误的；根据第四段IftheTVisn’timproved,itwilldisappearinthefuture可知如果电视没有改进，它在将来会消失，故D也是对的。因此选C。（3）推理判断。根据最后一段Homeentertainmentisoneconsiderationforthefuture和scientistsaredesigningsystemsthatwillallowoldpeopletolivebetterontheirown可知科学家们正努力使未来的建筑智能化。故选A。（4）主旨大意。根据本文举到的例子“智能厨房”可知，未来的家庭智能化必将是一种趋势。故选D.智能家庭。【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。4．阅读理解

Whatproblemsdotheteenagersprobablyhave？Hereisasurveyshowingtheirmainproblems：ProblemsCausesAdviceFeelingstressedToomuchhomework.Don'thaveenoughtimefortheirhobbies.Makeaplanforstudyandhobbies.Findtimetorelaxaspossibleasyoucan.GettingshortsightedToomuchhomework.Badreadingandwritinghabits.Dohomeworkandreadinacorrectway.FightsDon'tknowhowtogetonwellwithclassmates.Makemorefriendsandunderstandeachother.Shareyourproblemswiththem.FeelingtiredofstudyComputergames'badinfluence.Don'tbecrazyaboutcomputergames.Playthemjustforashorttimewhenyouwanttorelax.GettingfatHavealotofpocketmoneytobuysnacks.Dislikedoingexercise.Useyourpocketmoneytodosomethingmeaningful.Spendsometimedoingexerciseeveryday.（1）Whatproblemsarecausedbytoomuchhomework?A.

Feelingstressedandfights.B.

Feelingtiredofstudyandgettingfat.C.

Feelingstressedandgettingshort-sighted.D.

Gettingshort-sightedandfeelingtiredofstudy.（2）IfSimonisfeelingstressed,heshould

.A.

domuchmorehomeworkB.

makeaplantospendtimeonstudyandhobbiesC.

donatehispocketmoneytoProjectHopeD.

buysomesnacks（3）Peteristiredofstudy,maybebecausehe

.A.

hasnoclosefriends

B.

hasnopocketmoneyC.

playstoomanycomputergames

D.

getsfatterandfatter（4）

isagoodwayforteenagerstostopfights.A.

Doinglesshomework

B.

PlayingcomputergamesC.

Learninghowtomakefriends

D.

Payingnoattentiontoeachother【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）C（4）C【解析】【分析】主要讲了关于青少年可能有的问题的一项调查结果。（1）细节题。根据FeelingstressedToomuchhomework.Don'thaveenoughtimefortheirhobbies.GettingshortsightedToomuchhomework.Badreadingandwritinghabits.可知太多的作业会导致感觉有压力和变近视，故选C。（2）细节题。根据第一行AdviceMakeaplanforstudyandhobbies.可知制定学习和爱好计划，故选B。（3）细节题。根据FeelingtiredofstudyComputergames'badinfluence.可知厌恶学习的原因是电脑的坏的影响，故选C。（4）细节题。根据FightsMakemorefriendsandunderstandeachother.可知交更多的朋友和相互理解可以阻止打架，故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。5．阅读理解

IntheUK,Saturdayeveningshavealwaysbeenapopulartimeforfamiliestowatchtelevisiontogether.Oneofthemostpopularprogrammegenresisthetalentshow,partlybecausepeopleofallagesareinterestedinit.

Earlyshows,likeOpportunityKnocks（1965~1978）,requiredpeopletovote（投票）fortheirfavouriteactsandperformers,althoughinthosedaysvotingwasdonebypostcardinsteadofbytelephone,text,orovertheInternet.Today,thesuccessoftelevisiontalentshowshasreachedanewlevel.HerearetheUK'stopthreeTVtalentshows：

TheXFactorInthiswonderfulsingingcompetition,performershavetofaceacelebrityjudgepanel（名人裁判组）beforethepublicvote.Manyexcellentsingersbecamepopularbecauseofit.Theshowisnowmadeallovertheworld,fromChinatoColombia.

StrictlyComeDancingTheprogrammeissofantasticthatitattractsmanycelebrities.Theyteamupwithprofessional（专业的）dancersandcometothedancefloortowinthetitleofStrictlyComeDancingChampion.

Britain'sGotTalentInthismodern-dayversion（版本）ofOpportunityKnocks,thepubliccangoandchoosefrommanykindsofacts,fromdancingdogstoiceskating.TheprizeistoperformfortheQueenintheRoyalVarietyPerformance.（1）WhendidtheshowOpportunityKnocksbegin？A.

In1965.

B.

In1978.

C.

In2015.

D.

Itisnotmentioned.（2）Ifapersonlovesaskatingact,heorshemaygoto

.A.

OpportunityKnocks

B.

StrictlyComeDancing

C.

TheXFactor

D.

Britain'sGotTalent（3）WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage？A.

ThewinnersofBritain'sGotTalentcanperformfortheQueen.B.

Ifyouwantyourdogtohaveaperformance,youcangotoBritain'sGotTalentwithit.C.

OpportunityKnocksisstillontelevisionnow.D.

PeopleofallagesenjoyTVtalentshowsintheUK.（4）Theunderlinedword"genres"inthefirstparagraphmeans"

".A.

lists

B.

types

C.

choices

D.

expressions【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文介绍了英国最受欢迎的3个才艺表演节目。（1）细节题。根据Earlyshows,likeOpportunityKnocks（1965~1978）可知表演机会敲门是1965年开始的，故选A。（2）细节题。根据thepubliccangoandchoosefrommanykindsofacts,fromdancingdogstoiceskating，Britain'sGotTalent可以去选择多种表演，从跳舞的狗到滑冰，可知如果一个人喜欢滑冰，他或她可以去Britain'sGotTalent，故选D。（3）推理题。根据Earlyshows,likeOpportunityKnocks（1965~1978）可知1978年就没有这个节目了，故机会敲门现在还在电视上是错的，故选C。（4）词义猜测题。根据本文介绍了英国最受欢迎的3个才艺表演节目，Oneofthemostpopularprogramme

genres

isthetalentshow最受欢迎的节目……之一是才艺表演，可知genres是类型的意思，A列表，B类型，C选择，D表达，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。6．阅读理解

IfeltverysadnottobeabletogetthetickettothefilmTitaniclastFriday.IlearnedinthenewspaperthatticketscouldbeboughtatthecinemaboxofficeinRichlandHillseverydaybetween10：00a.m.and4：00p.m.BecauseIworkfrom9：00a.m.to5：30p.m.,theonlytimeIcouldgotothecinemawasduringmy45-minutelunchtime.Itisapitythatthecinemaisontheothersideofthetown,andthebusservicebetweenmyofficeandRichlandHillsisnotverygood.Butifyouarelucky,youcanmaketheround（往返）tripin45minutes.

LastMondayIstoodatthebusstopforfifteenminutes,waitingforabus.BythetimeIsawonecomingaroundthecorner,therewasnotenoughtimelefttomakethetrip-soIhadtogobacktotheoffice.ThesamethinghappenedonWednesday.OnThursdaymyluckchanged,Igotonabusrightawayandarrivedatthecinemaintwentyminutes.ButwhenIgotthere,Ifoundalonglineofpeopleattheboxoffice.Iheardonemansayhehadbeenwaitinginlineforfifty-fiveminutes.IfoundthatIwouldnothaveenoughtimetowaitinline.Icaughtthenextbusandwentbackacrossthetown.

ThenonFridayIunderstoodmyonlyhopewastomakethetripbycar.Itwasnotcheap,butIfeltitwouldbeworthwhiletoseethefilm.Thetripbycaronlytook10minutes,butitfeltlikeonehourtome.WhenIreachedthecinema,Iwasdelightedtoseethatnobodywaswaitinginline.ButIquicklyfoundoutthatitwasbecausetheyhadalreadysoldoutallthetickets.（1）Itseemsthatthewriterofthestoryworks

.A.

inasmalltown

B.

inRichlandHillsC.

onafarmnearthetown

D.

atabusservicecentre（2）Thewritertriedtogotothecinematobuyaticket,buthereallygothere

.A.

fivetimes

B.

fourtimes

C.

threetimes

D.

twice（3）Theunderlinedword"delighted"means"

".A.

sure

B.

sorry

C.

surprised

D.

pleased（4）What'sthebesttitleforthestory？A.

Howtogetaticket

B.

TicketssoldoutC.

Awonderfulfilm

D.

Thewaytothecinema【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）D（4）B【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者坐公交车去城镇买电影票时发现票已经全部卖完。（1）细节题。根据Itisapitythatthecinemaisontheothersideofthetown可知遗憾的是电影院在城镇的另一边，所以作者在一个小城镇工作，故选A。（2）细节题。根据ThesamethinghappenedonWednesday.OnThursdaymyluckchanged,Igotonabusrightawayandarrivedatthecinemaintwentyminutes.星期三也发生了同样的事情。星期四我的运气变了，我马上上了公共汽车，二十分钟后到了电影院，所以作者去了两次，故选D。（3）推断题。根据nobodywaswaitinginline可知没人排队买票，所以作者是高兴的，delighted意思是高兴的，即pleased，故选D。（4）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了作者坐公交车去城镇买电影票时发现票已经全部卖完，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。7．阅读理解

Whatcouldapoemwriterandafilmdirectorshare?Morethanyouthink！LangstonHughesbeganwritingpoemsinhighschoolandsoonbecameoneofAmerica'sgreatestwriters.MostofhiswritingisabouthisexperiencesasanAfricanAmerican.Hewrotepoemsaboutpeoplewhoworkedhardthroughlifebutstillfoundthingstobehappyabout.Hewroteplaysandbooksaboutjustice（正义）forallpeople,andhewrotekids'books,too.TheSweetandSourAnimalBookisabookofhisanimalpoems.Picturesandphotoswereusedinthebook."Holdfasttodreams"isalineinafamousHughespoem.That'sexactlywhathedidthroughouthislife.

WhenStevenSpielbergwasinmiddleschool,hewantedtomakeafilm.Hehadanideaforafilm,butnomoney.Hestartedatree-plantingbusinessandmadehisfilmwiththemoneyheearned.Spielbergneverstoppedmakingfilms,evenaftermanyfilmschoolsrefusedhim.Todayheisoneofthemostpopularandimportantfilmmakersintheworld.Hisfilmsareaboutpeoplewhoareadventurous（爱冒险的）,brave,kind.Hischaractersoftenfightforwhatisgood.SomeofhisfilmsareabouthisJewishbackground,suchasSchindler'sList.Spielbergoncesaid,"Idon'tdreamthatmuchatnightbecauseIdreamforaliving."Indifferentways,bothHughesandSpielberghaveencouragedpeopleofallagestoreachfortheirdreams.（1）Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.

Twomenwhowereafraidtodream

B.

TwofilmmakerswhowereafraidtodreamC.

Twowriterswhoweren'tafraidtodream

D.

Twomenwhoweren'tafraidtodream（2）WhenLangstonHughesbecamegreathewas

StevenSpielberg,whobecomespopular.A.

asoldas

B.

asyoungas

C.

youngerthan

D.

olderthan（3）WhichofthefollowingisLangstonHughes'writingnotabout?A.

HisexperiencesasanAfricanAmerican.

B.

Thefairtreatmentofanimals.C.

Hard-workingandhappypeople.

D.

Thefairtreatmentofpeople.（4）WhatdidLangstonHughesdoinhiswholelife?A.

Henevergaveuphiswish.

B.

Hesometimeshadawishtoachieve.C.

Healwayshadnowishtoachieve.

D.

Healwayswrotepoemsforfilms.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】主要讲了兰斯顿休斯高中时开始写诗，很快成为美国最伟大的作家之一，史蒂文·斯皮尔伯格上中学时，他想拍一部电影，今天他是世界上最受欢迎和最重要的电影制片人之一，他们用不同的方式鼓励人们实现他们的梦想。（1）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了兰斯顿休斯和史蒂文·斯皮尔伯格用不同的方式鼓励人们实现梦想，即两个不害怕梦想的人，故选D。（2）推断题。根据LangstonHughesbeganwritingpoemsinhighschoolandsoonbecameoneofAmerica'sgreatestwriters.WhenStevenSpielbergwasinmiddleschool,hewantedtomakeafilm.Hehadanideaforafilm,butnomoney可知兰斯顿休斯高中时开始写诗，很快成为美国最伟大的作家之一，而史蒂文·斯皮尔伯格上中学时，他想拍一部电影但是没有钱，所以中学时没有受欢迎，所以兰斯顿休斯变得受欢迎时更年轻，故选C。（3）细节题。根据MostofhiswritingisabouthisexperiencesasanAfricanAmerican.Hewrotepoemsaboutpeoplewhoworkedhardthroughlifebutstillfoundthingstobehappyabout.Hewroteplaysandbooksaboutjustice（正义）forallpeople,andhewrotekids'books,too.可知他的大部分作品都是关于他作为非裔美国人的经历。他写了一些诗，描写那些在生活中努力工作，但仍能找到快乐的事物的人。他为所有人写剧本和关于正义的书，他也写儿童读物，没有关于动物的公平对待的，故选B。（4）细节题。根据Picturesandphotoswereusedinthebook."Holdfasttodreams"isalineinafamousHughespoem.That'sexactlywhathedidthroughouthislife.书中使用了图片和照片。“紧紧抓住梦想”是休斯一首著名的诗中的一句话。这正是他一生所做的。即从不放弃梦想，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。8．阅读理解

VanuatuisanislandnationintheSouthWestPacific.Itisoneofthesmallestcountriesintheworld.Butforthosewhoareinterestedinadventureandsports,thereisalottodo.Vanuatu'sislandsoffervisitorstwoofthemostexcitinganddangerousactivitiesintheworld:volcano（火山）surfingandlanddiving.

VolcanoSurfingOnTannaIsland,MountYasurrises361metresintothesky.Yasurisanactivevolcano,anditerupts（爆发）almosteveryday,sometimesseveraltimesaday.Forcenturies,peoplehaveclimbedthismountaintovisitthetop.Recently,peoplehavealsostartedclimbingYasurtosurfthevolcano.Insomeways,volcanosurfingislikesurfinginthesea,butinotherwaysit'sverydifferent.Volcanosurferstrytoescapetheeruptingvolcano--withoutgettinghitbyflyingrocks!It'sfast,funanddangerous-theperfectextremesport（极限运动）.

LandDivingMostpeoplearefamiliarwithbungeejumping,butdoyouknowbungeejumpingstartedonPentecostIslandinVanuatuandisalmostfifteencenturiesold?Theactivity,firstcalledlanddiving,ispartofareligiousceremony（宗教仪式）.Amantiestreevines（树藤）tohislegs.Hethenjumpshead-firstfromahightowertotouchtheearthwiththetopofhishead-withoutbreakingthevine.Everyspring,islandnatives（menonly）stilltakepartinthisamazingactivity.（1）Inthefirstparagraph,whatdoestheunderlinedwordreferto?A.

People.

B.

Animals.

C.

Activities.

D.

Islands.（2）Accordingtothepassage,MountYasur?A.

isnolongeractive

B.

isonPentecostIslandC.

eruptsalmosteveryday

D.

rises800metresintothesky（3）WhyhavepeoplerecentlystartedclimbingMountYasur?A.

Becausepeoplecanclimbiteasily.

B.

Becausepeoplecanmakemoney.C.

Becausepeoplecanwatchsnowonit.

D.

Becausepeoplecansurfthevolcano.（4）WhichofthefollowingaboutlanddivingisTRUE?A.

Itisnotdangerousatall.

B.

Itwasfirstcalled"bungeejumping".C.

ItisatraditionalactivityinVanuatu.

D.

ItcametoVanuatufromanothercountry.（5）Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.

Totellpeoplenottododangeroussports.B.

Toexplainwhatvolcanosurfingandlanddivingare.C.

Totalkabouttheworld'sbestvolcanosurferandlanddiver.D.

TocompareactivitiesinVanuatuwithsportsinNewZealand.【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）D（4）C（5）B【解析】【分析】主要讲了瓦努阿图群岛为游客提供了世界上最激动人心和最危险的两项活动：火山冲浪和陆地潜水。（1）细节题。根据句子定语从句who可知指的是人，可知对于对冒险和运动感兴趣的人来说，有许多事情可做，所以those指的是人，故选A。（2）细节题。根据MountYasurrises361metresintothesky.Yasurisanactivevolcano,anditerupts（爆发）almosteveryday可知MountYasur几乎每天爆发，故选C。（3）细节题。根据Recently,peoplehavealsostartedclimbingYasurtosurfthevolcano.最近，人们也开始攀登雅苏火山。故选D。（4）细节题。根据LandDivingMostpeoplearefamiliarwithbungeejumping,butdoyouknowbungeejumpingstartedonPentecostIslandinVanuatuandisalmostfifteencenturiesold?陆地跳水大多数人都熟悉蹦极跳，但你知道蹦极跳始于瓦努阿图的五重岛，几乎有十五世纪的历史吗？可知它是一种传统的活动，故选C。（5）细节题。根据Vanuatu'sislandsoffervisitorstwoofthemostexcitinganddangerousactivitiesintheworld:volcano（火山）surfingandlanddiving.可知主要讲了瓦努阿图群岛为游客提供了世界上最激动人心和最危险的两项活动：火山冲浪和陆地潜水，目的是介绍火山冲浪和陆地潜水是什么，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。9．阅读理解

Cross-countryskierManDandanwonthewomen's1.4kmindividualsprinthereonMonday,earningChina'sfirstgoldattheeighthAsianWinterGamesin2017.

"Iwasingoodformtoday,"saidthe28year-oldgirlafterwinningthetitleinthefinalroundwith3minutesand48.29seconds."Ididn'tthinkmuch,butjustfocusedonthegames.Asanoldmember,Iwanttosetagoodexampletomyyoungerteammatesbydoingmybestnomatterwhattheresultis."

MikkoOlaviVirtanen,theheadcoachoftheChinesecross-countryskiingteam,saidafterthegamehewassatisfiedwithManDandan'sperformance."Sheisasupertalentedsprintskier.Herbiggestproblembeforewastomaintainthespeedforfourroundsofthecompetition.Wehavebeenworkingonthatforthepastsevenmonths.Ihavebeengivingheradvice,suchashowtosavetheenergytillthefinalround,"hesaid,addingthatManisagoodlearner.

HealsosaidthattheChinesecross-countryskiingteamhadahugepotential."Wehavequiteayoungteam.WestillhavefivemoreyearstoBeijingWinterOlympics.Ihopewecancontinuethisgoodworkforalongterm,"hesaid.

YelenaKolominafromKazakhstantookthesliverandJuHyerifromSouthKoreagotthebronze.Australia'sCaseyWrightfinishedthethirdinthefinalroundbutdidnotgetamedalasaguestathlete.（1）HowlongdidittakeManDandantofinishthesking?A.

2minutesand11.31seconds.