【英语】高二英语阅读理解(社会文化)解题技巧(超强)及练习题(含答案)及解析

【英语】高二英语阅读理解(社会文化)解题技巧(超强)及练习题(含答案)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1．阅读理解

Vietnamaimstosolvetherelationsbetweeneconomicdevelopmentandculturalpreservation.Vietnameseculturaldepartmentsandactivistshavetriedtopreservethehistoricalandculturalrelicsinthecountry.

Vietnamnowhasmorethan40000historicalrelics.Theserelicsofvariousformsandhistoryaretreasuresforfuturegenerations.

However,hundredsofrelicsareseverelydamagedduetothenegativeinfluenceoftime,warandhumanactivities.HeadofHanoiRelicsManagementBoard,NguyenDoanTuan,saysrescueworkmustpreservetherelics'soul:"Wecannotreplaceruinedconstructionwithnewmaterials.Wemustpreserveitsshape,sizeandstyle.Weneedtopayattentiontoeverybrickreplacedsothatitlooksexactlyliketheoriginal."

Mostrelicshavetorelyontouristfeesforrepairandrescuework.DirectorofVanMieuCulturalandScienceCenterDangKimNgoc,saysthattherelicsmustbepromotedwidelytoattractmorevisitorsandbringinmoreincomeforrepairandpreservation:"Weprovideconstantguideservicesforvisitorssothattheyunderstandmoreaboutourrelics.Atthesametime,anaturalsurroundingoftherelichasbeenensured,includingthegrassfieldandgardentoimproveitsscenicvalue."

Thelocalgovernmentagreedthattherelicsmustbeturnedtothecommunityforsharedeffortsinthepreservationwork.DirectorofVietnamRevolutionMuseumDangQuocQuan,saidthatthecommunitymustbeguidedinthepreservationandprotection,"TheUNESCOaimstoletlocalcommunitytakepartinthepreservationofrelics.Wehaveseenlimitationsinthepreservationofrelics,especiallyfestival-relatedgroupsofbuildings.Thisrequiresmanagementandguidancebythegovernment."

NguyenThiMinhLyfromtheDepartmentofHeritagesaysthecommunityshouldbeguidedinproperbehaviorstowardsrelics:"Thiswillensuretheprotectionofculturalrelicsinlatergenerations.Creativerestoration(修复)mustbebasedonprevious(先前的)values."

Expertshavecalledforasystematic(系统的)guidancebythestateinlocallevelpreservationwhilepromotingcreativethinkinginrestorationforeachrelic.（1）Whereisthepassagemostprobablytakenfrom?A.Agovernmentsurvey.B.Aresearchpaper.C.Anewspaperreport.D.Atravelguide.（2）WhichofthefollowingisnotthereasonsforthedamagedrelicsinVietnam?A.Humanactivities.B.Poorbuildingmaterials.C.Warinfluence.D.Thepassingoftime.（3）Itcanbeinferredfromparagraphs4-6thattopreserverelics,thegovernmentshould

.A.turntotheUNESCOforfinancialhelpB.improvethescenicvaluebyraisingtouristfeesC.encouragethecommunitytojoinintherescueworkD.makefulluseofthemoneyraisedbythelocalpeople（4）Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.GuidetheCommunityinProperBehaviorsB.ReplacetheRuinedConstructionwithaNewStyleC.HundredsofRelicsinVietnamAreInRuinsD.ExpertsCallforaSystematicWaytoPreserveRelics【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了越南文化部门和活动人士一直在努力保护本国的历史和文化遗产，文章说明了文物遭受破坏的原因和文物保护的现状。就此专家们呼吁国家对地方一级的保护进行系统的指导，同时促进对每一件文物的创造性修复。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Vietnameseculturaldepartmentsandactivistshavetriedtopreservethehistoricalandculturalrelicsinthecountry.”越南文化部门和活动人士一直在努力保护本国的历史和文化遗产，以及文章主要内容为介绍专家们呼吁用一种系统的方法来保护文物，故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“However,hundredsofrelicsareseverelydamagedduetothenegativeinfluenceoftime,warandhumanactivities.”然而，由于时间、战争和人类活动的负面影响，数以百计的文物遭到严重破坏，故选B。（3）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“Thelocalgovernmentagreedthattherelicsmustbeturnedtothecommunityforsharedeffortsinthepreservationwork.DirectorofVietnamRevolutionMuseumDangQuocQuan,saidthatthecommunitymustbeguidedinthepreservationandprotection,‘TheUNESCOaimstoletlocalcommunitytakepartinthepreservationofrelics...’”当地政府同意，文物必须移交给社区，共同努力进行保护工作。越南革命博物馆馆长DangQuocQuan说，社会必须在保护和保护的指导下，“联合国教科文组织的目的是让当地社会参与文物的保”可以推断，为了保护文物，政府应该鼓励社区参与救援工作。故选C。（4）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段“Expertshavecalledforasystematicguidancebythestateinlocallevelpreservationwhilepromotingcreativethinkinginrestorationforeachrelic.”专家们呼吁国家对地方一级的保护进行系统的指导，同时促进对每一件文物的创造性修复，以及结合文章主要内容为越南文化部门和活动人士一直在努力保护本国的历史和文化遗产可知，故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2．阅读理解

Beginninglifeatcollegenaturallydevelopsbothexcitementandanxietyformanyreasons.Forsome,thisfeelingisquicklyovercomeastheyadapttoanewenvironment;forothersthechangetakeslongerandsometimesappearsashomesickness.

Ifyouarehomesick,youmightnoticeanincreasein:

Lowenergyormotivation.

Troublesleeping.

Increases/decreasesinappetite.

Havingdifficultywithschool.

Increaseduseofdrugsoralcohol.

Lackofinterestorinvolvementinnewsurroundings.

CAUSES

Thedistancefromhome—thefartheryougo,theworseitmaybe.

Unhappinesswhenthingsaredifferentfromyourexpectationsofstudentlife.

Youhavefinallyarrivedatcollegeafterworkingtowarditforsolong.

Aheavyworkload.

Studentswhoarehomesickoftenfeeltheyhavenocontrolovertheirenvironment.

WHATMIGHTHELP?

Keepingoodcontactwiththepeopleyouhaveleftbehind,butalsogiveyourselftimewithintheuniversitytobegintogetinvolvedhere.

Berealisticaboutwhattoexpectfromstudentlifeandfromyourself.Setupabalancebetweenworkandleisure.

Ifworkisprovingtoodifficult,youmayneedtoimproveyourstudyskillsoryourorganizationoftime.

Remembertogetenoughfoodandsleep!Theseaffectyouemotionallyaswellasphysically.

Makecontactsandfriendsthroughsharedactivitiessuchassportsorotherinterests.

Ifyoustopbeingabletodonormalsocialandacademicthings,seekprofessionalhelpeitherfromyouradvisorordeanorthecounselingservice.（1）Whatmightbeasignoffeelinghomesick?A.

Feelinglikequarrelingwithsomeoneelse.B.

Becominginterestedinstudythaneverbefore.C.

Findingfoodorfruitlessattractive.D.

Participatinginalmostallactivitiesincollege.（2）Newcollegestudentsmightbehomesickbecause

.A.

theyareneverfarawayfromtheirparentsB.

theyfeelupsetaboutsomethingunexpectedC.

theysuddenlydonothaveanythingtodoD.

theydonotliketheuniversitytheyarein（3）Whichofthefollowingmeasuresmightbehelpfulforhomesickstudentsaccordingtothetext?A.

Keepingtheiroldfriendsleftbehind.B.

Remindingthemselvestokeepbusyandforgetit.C.

Forcingthemselvestostayintheirdormsonweekends.D.

Goinginforsportswiththeirfriends.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了刚离开家上大学的学生面对新环境可能遇到的问题和给他们提出的建议。（1）细节理解题。由原文“Increases/decreasesinappetite.”可知，如果一个人想家，就有可能增加或减少食欲，所以C选项“感觉食物或水果失去吸引力”符合题意，而其他选项“想跟别人吵架”、“对学习比以前更感兴趣”和“几乎参加了大学所有的活动”都不符合题意。所以答案选C。（2）细节理解题。由原文“Unhappinesswhenthingsaredifferentfromyourexpectationsofstudentlife.”可知，当事情不符合新入学的学生的期望时，他们就会不高兴。所以B选项“他们对不符合预期的事物感到厌烦”符合题意。所以答案选B。（3）推理判断题。由原文“Keepingoodcontactwiththepeopleyouhaveleftbehind”可知，要跟留下的人保持联系，所以A选项“要一直让老朋友留下”是不正确的。由原文“Setupabalancebetweenworkandleisure.”可知，应该在工作和休闲之前建立一个平衡，所以B选项“提醒他们自己保持忙碌并忘记想家”是不符合题意的。由原文“Makecontactsandfriendsthroughsharedactivitiessuchassportsorotherinterests.”可知，可以通过运动或其他兴趣来结识其他朋友，所以C选项“强迫自己周末待在宿舍”是不符合题意的，而D选项“跟朋友一起运动”是正确的。所以答案选D。【点评】推断题型答题技巧。推理是在既有信息的基础上得出合乎文章内容的内涵意义，即某一问题、某一观点没有直接表述，而寓意在文章的字里行间，要求通过文中信息分析推出某种符合作者思想、符合文章逻辑的内涵意义。推断则是指通过对文章进行符合逻辑的综合分析，推出文章未直接陈述的言外之意。推断题推断得正确与否，很大程度上取决于是否能正确把握作者潜隐在字里行间的语气及观点。3．阅读理解

In1947agroupoffamouspeoplefromtheartworldheadedbyanAustrianconductordecidedtoholdaninternationalfestivalofmusic,danceandtheatreinEdinburgh.TheideawastoreuniteEuropeaftertheSecondWorldWar.

ItquicklyattractedfamousnamessuchasAlecGuinness,RichardBurton,DameMargotFonteynandMarleneDietrichaswellasthebigsymphonyorchestras(交响乐团).ItbecameafixedeventeveryAugustandnowattracts400,000peopleyearly.

Atthesametime,the"Fringe"appearedasachallenge(挑战)totheofficialfestival.Eighttheatregroupsturnedupuninvitedin1947,inthebeliefthateveryoneshouldhavetherighttoperform,andtheydidsoinapublichousedisusedforyears.

Soon,groupsofstudentsfirstlyfromEdinburghUniversity,andlaterfromtheuniversitiesofOxfordandCambridge,DurhamandBirminghamweremakingthejourneytotheScottishcapitaleachsummertoperformtheatrebylittle--knownwritersofplaysinsmallchurchhallstothepeopleofEdinburgh.

Todaythe"Fringe",oncelessrecognized,hasfaroutgrownthefestivalwitharound1,500performancesoftheatre,musicanddanceoneveryoneofthe21daysitlasts.Andyetasearlyas1959,withonly19theatregroupsperforming,somesaiditwasgettingtoobig.

Apaidadministrator(行政人员)wasfirstemployedonlyin1971,andtodaythereareeightadministratorsworkingallyearroundandthenumberrisesto150duringAugustitself.In2004therewere200placeshousing1,695showsbyover600differentgroupsfrom50differentcountries.Morethan1.25millionticketsweresold.（1）WhatwasthepurposeofEdinburghFestivalatthebeginning?A.TobringEuropetogetheragain.B.TohonorheroesofWorldWarII.C.Tointroduceyoungtheatregroups.D.ToattractgreatartistsfromEurope.（2）WhydidsomeuninvitedtheatregroupscometoEdinburghin1947?A.Theyownedapublichousethere.B.Theycametotakeupachallenge.C.Theythoughttheywerealsofamous.D.Theywantedtotakepartinthefestival.（3）Whatdoesthe"Fringe"meaninthethirdparagraph?A.unpopulargroupsB.non-officialgroupsC.foreigngroupsD.localgroups（4）WemaylearnfromthetextthatEdinburghFestival

.A.hasbecomeanon-officialeventB.hasgonebeyondanartfestivalC.givesshowsallyearroundD.keepsgrowingrapidly【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了爱丁堡音乐节形成和发展，包括对创设目的，参与群体，发展规模等方面进行了简要而准确的叙述，回顾了爱丁堡音乐节的发展历程。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“TheideawastoreuniteEuropeaftertheSecondWorldWar.”可知，这个EdinburghFestival是为了在二战后重新团结欧洲。故选A。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Eighttheatregroupsturnedupuninvitedin1947,inthebeliefthateveryoneshouldhavetherighttoperform,”可知这些队伍认为每个人都有表演的权力，所以他们想要参加节日。故选D。（3）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“Atthesametime,the‘Fringe’appearedasachallenge(挑战)totheofficialfestival.”可知Fringe与official是相对的；再根据“Eighttheatregroupsturnedup？”以及第四段中的“Soon,groupsofstudentsfirstlyfromEdinburghUniversity,andlaterfromtheuniversitiesofOxfordandCambridge,DurhamandBirminghamweremakingthejourneytotheScottishcapitaleachsummertoperform”可知很多团体和大学生也参与了进来，所以Fringe译为非正式的，故选B。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“todaythereareeightadministratorsworkingallyearroundandthenumberrisesto150duringAugustitself.In2004therewere200placeshousing1,695showsbyover600differentgroupsfrom50differentcountries.”可知它发展的非常快。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。4．阅读理解

SpendingChristmasinaforeigncountrycanbeatrulyeye-openingexperience,especiallysinceit'seasytobelievethatasaworldwidefestival,mostcountriesprobablycelebrateitinafairlysimilarmanner.BeingfromtheUK,Christmasformemeansspendingtimewithfamilyandfriends,exchangingpresents,eatinganddrinking,and,ofcourse,hidingfromthecold.InColombia,however,Christmasisviewedmuchmoreasatimewhichdevotesitselftoreligion.

Withcelebrationsbeginningon7December,ColumbiaisrecognizedashavingthelongestChristmascelebrationsperiodintheworld.Thecelebrationsgenerallybeginintheeveningwiththelightingofcandles,eitherinthestreets,parksoroutsidepeople'shomes.Citiesarelitupbycandles,asthisdaymarksthebeginningoftheChristmasperiod.AlthoughdecorationshavebeenupsinceearlyNovember,anothertraditioninColombiaisthatduringtheninedaysbeforeChristmas,familymembersandfriendsmeetuptopray,singsongsandsharetraditionalfoodsathome.

ProbablythebiggestsurpriseformehasbeenthemusicpeoplelistentoduringtheChristmasperiod.Atfirst,youcouldeasilymistakethesesongsfortheclassicsalsa,whichisplayedallyearround.However,afteraskingaColombianifitreallyfeltlikeChristmasmusic,theyexplainedtomethatthesongsarelovedmoreforthememoriestheysymbolizethanforthewaytheysound,andthatColombiahasbeenthroughsomanydarkperiodsinhistory,itwasimportanttoholdontothegoodmemoriesofyearsgonepast.

BeinginacountrylikeColombiaduringthisfestiveperiodhastaughtmethatyoudon'tneedtobereligioustotakepartintheseChristmastraditions.（1）What'stheauthorsopinionofChristmas?A.Itisn'taglobalfestival.B.Itisn'tatimeforbeingalone.C.Itismainlydevotedtoreligion.D.It'scelebratedonlyinsomeplaces.（2）WhatcanwelearnabouttheChristmasmusic?A.ItiscelebratedinthesamewayasintheUK.B.Itiscelebratedmainlyasareligiousfestival.C.Itiscelebratedforninedaysorso.D.Itiscelebratedwithlanternsandfireworks.（3）WhatdoColombiansdoduringtheChristmascelebrationperiod?A.Enjoytraditionalfoods.B.Gotothechurchtogether.C.Learnabuthomedecorations.D.Haveaone-month-longholiday.（4）Colombianslovethesongsmainlybecause______.A.theysoundextremelywonderfulB.theyexpressbestwishesforthefutureC.theyrepresentgoodmemoriesofthepastD.theyhavebeenpasseddownforgenerations【答案】（1）B（2）B（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在哥伦比亚圣诞节的意义及人们的庆祝方式。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“BeingfromtheUK,Christmasformemeansspendingtimewithfamilyandfriends,exchangingpresents,eatinganddrinking,and,ofcourse,hidingfromthecold.”可知在作者眼里，圣诞节意味着与家人和朋友共度时光，交换礼物，吃喝玩乐。圣诞节是团聚的时间不是独处的时间。故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“InColombia,however,Christmasisviewedmuchmoreasatimewhichdevotesitselftoreligion.”可知在哥伦比亚，圣诞节更多的是作为宗教节日被庆祝的，故选B。（3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“anothertraditioninColombiaisthatduringtheninedaysbeforeChristmas,familymembersandfriendsmeetuptopray,singsongsandsharetraditionalfoodsathome.”可知在哥伦比亚，家人和朋友团聚祈祷，唱歌，共享传统食物。故选A。（4）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“thesongsarelovedmoreforthememoriestheysymbolizethanforthewaytheysound,andthatColombiahasbeenthroughsomanydarkperiodsinhistory,itwasimportanttoholdontothegoodmemoriesofyearsgonepast.”可知哥伦比亚圣诞音乐让人喜爱是因为它们所象征的记忆，是要保持对过去岁月的美好记忆。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。5．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

There'saworldofdifferencebetweenahorrormovieandacomedy—theformerscaresyouhalftodeathwhilethelatterleavesyourollingonthefloorwithlaughter.Buttrywatchingthemwithoutthebackgroundmusicandyoujustmightdecidethey'renotsodifferentafterall.Musicandmovieshavebeencloselyconnectedsincethebeginningofthefilmindustry—evenbeforethevoicesofactorswererecorded.Inmovies,musichelpstoprovideasenseoftimeandplace,conveyideasaboutthecharactersand,mostimportantly,drawemotionsoutoftheaudience.

Studieshavelongshownthatourheartratesandanxietylevelsriseandfalldependingonthespeedofthemusicwehear.Usingthisknowledge,composersusesuddenchangesinfilmmusicspeedtocreatefearamongaudiences.Slowingthespeedofthemusicwillhavetheoppositeeffect,bringingaboutasenseofpeaceoradreamlikequality.Theuseofdissonant(不和谐的)tonesandnoisesisanothertechniquethatheightenstension.Humansnaturallybecomeunnervedwhenweheardissonantsoundsbecausesuchnoisesareusuallyassociatedwithdanger,likethosethatanimalsmaketowarnagainstpredators(捕食者).

Ascrucialasitis,thebestfilmmusicissubtle.Allthataudiencesaresupposedtofeelisaheightenedsenseofemotion—theyshouldn'trealizewhat'scausingit.Onlywhenthemusicistakenoutofthefilmshouldaudiencesunderstanditseffects.

Inkeepingwiththisprinciple,somefilmmakersareevenusingwhat'scalled"infrasound"(次声波)toarousefear.Whilewemaynotbeabletohearitbecauseitsfrequencyisbelowtherangeofthehumanear,infrasoundhasbeenproventocauseanxiety,trembleandevensorrow.Forexample,infrasoundwasusedinthesoundtrackofthe2007horrormovieParanormalActivity,andaudiencesreposedextremelyhighfearlevelsdespitethe1ackofactionthroughoutthemovie."Itdoesn'taffecteveryoneequally,"saidBritishsciencewriterPhilipBall,authorofTheMusicInstinct,buthepredictedthat"wewillseemoreofitusedinmoviesinthefuture".（1）Whatisthedifferencebetweenahorrormovieandacomedy?A.

Theirhistory.

B.

Theirbackgroundmusic.

C.

Theiractors.

D.

Theirtimeandplace.（2）Whatcausesfearamongaudiences?A.

Thethemeofthemusic.

B.

Theslowspeedofthetangle.C.

Theknowledgeofthemusic.

D.

Theunexpectedchangeofthemusic.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"subtle"inthethirdparagraphmean?A.

Gentle

B.

Wonderful

C.

Notimmediatelyobvious

D.

Notextremelyattractive（4）Whatdoweknowabout"infrasound"fromthelastparagraph?A.

Itcan'tbeknowntopeople.B.

Itmakesaudiencesrelaxed.C.

Itiswithintherangeofthehumanear.D.

Itwillbeusedmoreinmoviesinthefuture.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，电影和音乐的关系密切，音乐对于电影影响重大，作者说明了电影制作者如何用音乐来渲染气氛。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Buttrywatchingthemwithoutthebackgroundmusicandyoujustmightdecidethey'renotsodifferentafterall."可知，但是试着在没有背景音乐的情况下看它们，你可能会觉得它们并没有什么不同。所以通过反向推理，要是有了背景音乐，恐怖电影和喜剧电影就截然不同了。故判断出恐怖电影和喜剧电影的区别在于他们的背景音乐。故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Usingthisknowledge,composersusesuddenchangesinfilmmusicspeedtocreatefearamongaudiences."可知，利用这一知识，作曲家利用电影音乐速度的突然变化在观众中制造恐惧。所以音乐的突然变化会使观众恐惧。故选D。（3）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的"Allthataudiencesaresupposedtofeelisaheightenedsenseofemotion—theyshouldn'trealizewhat'scausingit.Onlywhenthemusicistakenoutofthefilmshouldaudiencesunderstanditseffects."可知，观众应该感受到的只是一种强烈的情感——他们不应该意识到是什么导致了这种情感。只有当音乐被从电影中删除时，观众才能理解它的影响。所以这段在解释最好的电影音乐是不易被观众察觉的音乐。也就是对"subtle"的解释。故第三段加下划线的"subtle"一词是C选项“不明显的”。故选C。（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"buthepredictedthat"wewillseemoreofitusedinmoviesinthefuture"可知，但他预测“我们将来会看到更多的电影会使用它”。所以从最后一段可知，"infrasound"将在未来的电影中被更多地使用。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。6．阅读理解

Nobelprizewinnerssometimesdisplayasmuchuniquenesswhendecidinghowtospendtheirprizemoneyastheydidontheworkthatwonthemtheawardinthefirstplace.

WhenSirPaulNursewontheNobelPrizeforMedicinein2001,hedecidedtoupgradehismotorbike.Afellowwinnerin1993,RichardRoberts,installedacroquetlawninfrontofhishouse.AustrianauthorElfriedeJelinek,whowonin2004,saidtheprizemeant"financialindependence."

LarsHeikensten,executivedirectoroftheNobelFoundation,saidtherewerenoobviousshoppingtrendsamongwinners.

"Ithinkitdependsalotonwhichcountrytheycomefrom,theirpersonalfinances...whatkindofincomestheyhavewhentheygettheprize,"hesaid.

Realestate,however,isapopularoption,atleastamongthosewillingtorevealwhattheyspendthemoneyon.PhillipSharp,theAmericanco-winnerofthe1993medicineprize,decidedtosplashoutona100-year-oldFederalstylehouse."Itookthatmoneyandboughtalittlebitbiggerhouse...It'sabeautifuloldplace,"hetoldAFP(法新社),addingthat"Themoneyisanicepartoftheprocess",but"theimportantthingabouttheprizeistherecognition."

Forwinnersofthepeaceprizethedecisionisoftenmoreclear-cut,asthehonortendstogotopoliticians,organizationsandactivistswhoareundermorepublicsupervision.Many,likeUSPresidentBarackObamain2009andtheEuropeanUnionin2012,donatetocharities.

Literaturewinnerstendtobemoreprivateabouthowtheyusethemoney,butthechoiceisoftenequallystraightforward."EvenifNobel-winningauthorsarequitewellknown,manyofthemwillnothavemademuchmoneyfromwriting,"saidAnnaGunder,aNobelliteratureexpertatUppsalaUniversity.Whiletheprizemightkeepthewolffromthedoorforsomeyears,givingthemfreedomtowrite,itcanalsobrieflyhavetheoppositeeffect."Itreallychangestheircareers…Duringthefirstyearafterthey'vewontheyoftenwriteless,buttheygenerallycontinueafterayearortwo,"saidGunder.（1）Fromthepassage,welearnthat______.A.

ThemoneyisactuallythebestpartoftheNobelPrizeB.

NobelwinnershavegreatoriginalityinusingprizemoneyC.

FewwinnerswouldspendtheirprizemoneyonhousesD.

Winnersbecomemoreindependentontheircountry（2）Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedphrase"clear-cut"inparagraph6?A.

open

B.

private

C.

unique

D.

complex（3）Accordingtothepassage,inthefirstyearafterwinningNoblePrize,literaturewinnersmay

.A.

becomelessproductiveB.

makemoremoneyfromwritingC.

havethefreedomtocreatemoreandbetterworksD.

disappearfromthepubliceyesforaperiodoftime【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了诺贝尔奖获得者在决定如何花他们的奖金时展现出很多的独特性。比如，房产就是众多诺贝尔奖获得者喜欢投资的方向。作者还提到了诺贝尔和平奖获得者对奖金的花费更公开，而文学家获得者对奖金的花费更私人化。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段可知，诺贝尔奖获得者在决定如何花他们的奖金时展现出很多的独特性。originality"独创性，创造性"，故选B。（2）考查词义猜测。根据第六段中的“Forwinnersofthepeaceprizethedecisionisoftenmoreclear-cut,asthehonortendstogotopoliticians,organizationsandactivistswhoareundermorepublicsupervision.

”诺贝尔和平奖得主的奖金如何用的决定通常会更清晰，公开。因为和平奖通常会由政治家、组织及活动家获得，而他们通常处在更多的公众监管之下。故选A。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Duringthefirstyearafterthey'vewontheyoftenwriteless,..."可知在获得诺贝尔奖之后的第一年，作家作品会少一些。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。7．阅读理解

BeneaththewaterintheChina'sQiandaoLakeliesahiddentreasure.TheancientcityofShiCheng(alsoknownasLionCity),locatedintheprovinceofZhejiang,hasbeensubmergedunderwaterfor53years.ShiChengwasfoundedabout1,300yearsagoinavalleysurroundedbytheFiveLionMountains.WhentheChinesegovernmentdecidedtheyneededanewhydroelectricpowerstation(水力发电站)，adamandman-madelakewereconstructedandthecitywasleftatthebottomofthisnewbodyofwater.Now,itsitsatdepthsrangingfrom85feettoabout103feet.

MuchliketheMachuPicchuruinsinPeru,thisunderwatercityremainedforgottenuntilsomerenewedinterestsleadtoitsrediscovery.QiuFeng,alocalofficialinchargeoftourismthoughtaboututilizingShiChengforentertainmentonthelakeandasadestinationfordivingclubs.OnSeptember18,2001,scubadiversmadetheirfirstattemptunderwater."Wewerelucky.Assoonaswedivedintothelake,wefoundtheoutsidewallofthetownandevenpickedupabrick,"QiutoldGuangzhouDailyinaninterview.Moreresearchwasconducted,anditwasdiscoveredthattheentiretownwasintact(1881),includingwoodenbeamsandstairs.Aftertheinitialfindings,internationalarchaeologistsandafilmcrewthenrecordedthepreservationofthelostruins.

Lookingatsurfaceofthelake,dottedwithover1,000islands,you'dneverknowthatanentirecitywasbelow.

It'sincredibletothinkthatafterallthistime,thestructurestillremainsintactandwecouldonedayvisitit.Untilthen,ShiChengwillcontinuetoremaininconspicuouslysubmerged.（1）WhywasShiChengcoveredbywateraccordingtothepassage?A.

Becausethecityhasalonghistory.B.

Becausethegovernmentcouldattractmoretouristsbydoingso.C.

Becausethegovernmentneededtobuildapowerstationwhereitwas.D.

Themountainssurroundingthecityledtotheconsequence.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"initial"meaninparagraph2?A.

Original

B.

Great

C.

Wonderful

D.

Amazing（3）WhatisthemostunbelievablepartofShiChengaccordingtothepassage?A.

IthassomethingtodowithMachuPicchuruinsinPeru.B.

Noonewasinterestedinthelostcityforalongtime.C.

Itsstructurekeepsperfectinthewaterforalongtime.D.

Thereareover1,000islandsprotectingthelostcity.（4）Whowillmostprobablycometovisitthelostcity?A.

Someonewholikesswimming.

B.

Someonewholikesdiving.C.

Someonewholikesclimbingmountains.

D.

Someonewholikestakingpictures.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，浙江古城--石城在多年前被埋在水下，后被人们发现。最令人惊叹的是整座城市保存得很完整。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“WhentheChinesegovernmentdecidedtheyneededanewhydroelectricpowerstation(水力发电站),adamandman-madelakewereconstructedandthecitywasleftatthebottomofthisnewbodyofwater.”可知当时中国政府决定他们需要一个新的水电站，就建立了一个大坝和人工湖,然后这座城市就被留在了水底。故选C。（2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“Aftertheinitialfindings,internationalarchaeologistsandafilmcrewthenrecordedthepreservationofthelostruins.”可知在的发现之后，国际考古学家和一个摄制组记录下了失落的遗址的保存（情况）。由此推断前面那些发现是"最初的"，故选A。（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“It'sincredibletothinkthatafterallthistime,thestructurestillremainsintactandwecouldonedayvisitit.”可知令人难以置信的是，经过这么长时间，这座建筑仍然完好无损并且我们有一天可以参观它。也就是说石城最难以置信的部分就是它在水下这么长时间还保持完好，故选C。（4）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Now,itsitsatdepthsrangingfrom85feettoabout103feet”可知石城现在在水下85英尺到103英尺。石城在水下很深的地方，所以参观石城需要潜水，所以最有可能去游玩的是那些喜欢潜水的人，故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解

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