程序设计基础（C语言）（第2版）（微课版）-参考答案 刘颖

目录习题1 1习题2 1习题3 3习题4 4习题5 6习题6 9习题7 13习题8 15习题9 16习题10 18习题参考答案习题1选择题12345ADBCB判断题12345对对错对错习题2选择题123456ACAAAC判断题1234错错错错三、编程题1、#include<stdio.h>#include<math.h>intmain(){printf("%f年\n",(ldexp(1.0,128)/1000000/(365*24*60*60)));return0;}2、#include<stdio.h> intmain() { inta,g,s,b,q;scanf("%d",&a);g=a%10;s=a%100/10;b=a%1000/100;q=a/1000;printf("g=%d,s=%d,b=%d,q=%d",g,s,b,q);return0; }3、x表示销售额，y表一个星期的收入#include"stdio.h"intmain(){ floatx,y; printf("请输入销售金额:"); scanf("%f",&x);y=200+x*0.08; printf("%.2f\n",y); return0;}4、#include"stdio.h"intmain(){ floatprincipal,rate,days,interest; printf("请输入本金、利率和天数:"); scanf("%f,%f,%f",&principal,&rate,&days); interest=principal*rate*days/365; printf("%f\n",interest); return0;}5、#include<stdio.h>intmain(){inta=5,v;v=5*5*5;printf("立方体的体积=%d\n",v);return0;}习题3判断题123错对错二、选择题123456BBAADB三、读程序写结果12345697\bx=’61’,’61’k=65,k=41,k=A-12-22678-6,-6四、编程题1.#include<stdio.h> #include<math.h> intmain() { inta,b,c; floatl,s; scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c); l=(a+b+c)/2.0; s=sqrt(l*(l-a)*(l-b)*(l-c)); printf("三角形面积为:%.1f\n",s);return0; }2.#include<stdio.h> intmain() { intp,k,z; scanf("%d%d",&p,&k); z=((int)((p*0.3+k*0.7)*10+5))/10; printf("最后总成绩为:%d\n",z);return0; }3.#include<stdio.h> intmain() { intx,ge,shi,bai; scanf("%d",&x); bai=x/100; shi=x%100/10; ge=x%10; x=ge*100+shi*10+bai; printf("该数反向输出为%d\n",x);return0; }4.#include<stdio.h> intmain() { charc; printf("输入一个字符："); scanf("%c",&c); printf("它的前一个字符是%c\n",c-1); printf("它的后一个字符是%c\n",c+1);printf("从小大到顺序输出为字符及ASCI值：%c%4d,%c%4d,%c%4d\n",c-1,c-1,c,c,c+1,c+1); return0; }习题4选择题123456DCBCBB读程序写结果12342,31b=0a=3,b=3,c=2三、编程题1、#include<stdio.h> intmain() { inta,b; scanf("%d,%d",&a,&b); if((a*a+b*b)>100) printf("百位上的数=%d\n",(a*a+b*b)/100); else printf("a+b=%d\n",a+b); return0; }2、#include"stdio.h"intmain(){ intx,n,a,b,c,d,e,y; printf("x="); scanf("%d",&x); a=x/10000;b=(x-10000*a)/1000; c=(x-10000*a-1000*b)/100;d=(x-10000*a-1000*b-100*c)/10; e=x-10000*a-1000*b-100*c-10*d; if(a!=0) {n=5;y=10000*e+1000*d+100*c+10*b+a;} elseif(b!=0) {n=4;y=1000*e+100*d+10*c+b;} elseif(c!=0) {n=3;y=100*e+10*d+c;} elseif(d!=0) {n=2;y=10*e+d;} else {n=1;y=e;} printf("它是%d位数\n",n); printf("原数为%d\n",x); printf("原数逆序为%d\n",y); return0;3.#include"stdio.h"intmain(){ intge,shi,qian,wan,x; printf("请输入一个五位数：\n"); scanf("%ld",&x); wan=x/10000; qian=x%10000/1000;shi=x%100/10; ge=x%10; if(ge==wan&&shi==qian) printf("是一个回文数!\n"); else printf("这不是一个回文数!\n"); return0;}4、略习题5选择题1234AAAD二、编程题1.#include<stdio.h>intmain(){floats=0,t=1;intn;for(n=1;n<=20;n++){t=t*n;s=s+t;}printf("1!+2!+3!+…+20！=%e\n",s);return0；}2.#include<stdio.h>intmain(){ intn,i; floatfu,mo,t; fu=100000.0;/*第一天富翁得钱数*/ mo=0.01;/*第一天陌生人得钱数*/ t=0.01;/*陌生人每天得钱数*/ for(i=2;i<=30;i++) { t=2*t; mo+=t; fu=fu+100000.0; } printf("\nrichmoney=%f\nstranger'smoney=%f\n",fu,mo); return0;}3.#include"stdio.h" intmain() { intx,y,z; printf("公鸡\t母鸡\t小鸡\n"); for(x=0;x<=100;x++) for(y=0;y<=100;y++) { z=100-x-y; if((5*x+3*y+z/3.0)==100) printf("%d\t%d\t%d\n",x,y,z); } return0; } 4.假定第n+1天书数量为x，第n天书数量为y，则y-（y/2+2）=x,即y=2*x+4。#include<stdio.h> intmain() { intday,x,y; x=0; for(day=8;day>0;day--) { y=2*x+4; x=y; } printf("\n书共有%d本\n",y); return0; }5.#include<stdio.h> intmain() { inti; for(i=2;i<=9;i++)//循环判断2~9有没有同构数 { if(i==i*i%10) printf("同构数%d是%d右边的数\n",i,i*i); } for(i=10;i<=99;i++)//循环判断10~99有没有同构数 { if(i==i*i%100) printf("同构数%d是%d右边的数\n",i,i*i); } return0; }6.(1)#include<stdio.h>intmain(){ inti,j,k;for(i=0;i<=3;i++) { for(j=0;j<=i;j++)printf("");for(k=1;k<=7;k++)printf("*");printf("\n"); }return0；}(2)#include<stdio.h>intmain(){ inti,j,k;for(i=0;i<=3;i++) { for(j=0;j<=i;j++)printf("");for(k=0;k<=7-2*i;k++)printf("*");printf("\n"); }return0；}7.#include<stdio.h>intmain(){ inti,j,k;for(i=1;i<=9;i++) { for(k=1;k<=9-i;k++) {printf("");}for(j=1;j<=2*i-1;j++) {printf("%d",i);}printf("\n"); }return0;}AI助你教与学方法二：#include<stdio.h>intmain(){intday=1;floatdayup=1.0,daydown=1.0,dayfactor=0.01;for(day=1;day<=365;day++) {if((day-1)%7+1==6||(day-1)%7+1==7) dayup=dayup*(1-0.01); else dayup=dayup*(1+0.01);}printf("一周向上5天向下2天的力量值=%.2f\n",dayup);return0;}习题6选择题1234567BDDCDDD二、读程序写结果1234852852XYZ98768三、编程题1.#include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> #defineSNUM10 intmain() { inti,score[SNUM],sum=0; floatave; printf("请输入学生成绩：\n"); for(i=0;i<SNUM;i++) { scanf("%d",&score[i]); sum+=score[i]; } ave=(float)sum/SNUM; for(i=0;i<SNUM;i++) { if(score[i]>ave) printf("%d",score[i]); } system("pause"); return0; } 2.参考程序#include<stdio.h>#include<stdlib.h>intmain(){ inta[10],i,j,temp; for(i=0;i<10;i++) scanf("%d",&a[i]); for(i=0,j=9;i<j;i++,j--) { temp=a[i]; a[i]=a[j]; a[j]=temp; } for(i=0;i<10;i++) printf("%d",a[i]); system("pause"); return0;}3.#include<stdio.h>#include<stdlib.h>intmain(){ inta[10],i,Max,pMax,Min,pMin; for(i=0;i<10;i++) scanf("%d",&a[i]); Max=Min=a[0]; pMax=pMin=0; for(i=1;i<10;i++) { if(a[i]>Max) { Max=a[i]; pMax=i; } if(a[i]<Min) { Min=a[i]; pMin=i; } } printf("最大值为：%d；下标为：%d\n",Max,pMax); printf("最小值为：%d；下标为：%d\n",Min,pMin); system("pause"); return0;}4.#include<stdio.h>#include<stdlib.h>intmain(){ charstr[80]; inti,a[4]={0}; gets(str); for(i=0;str[i]!='\0';i++) { if(str[i]>='A'&&str[i]<='Z') a[0]+=1; elseif(str[i]>='a'&&str[i]<='z') a[1]+=1; elseif(str[i]>='0'&&str[i]<='9') a[2]+=1; else a[3]+=1; } printf("大写字母个数为：%d\n",a[0]); printf("小写字母个数为：%d\n",a[1]); printf("数字字符个数为：%d\n",a[2]); printf("其它字符个数为：%d\n",a[3]); system("pause"); return0;}5、#include"stdio.h"intmain(){ chara[70],b[70],c[70]; gets(a); gets(b); if(strlen(a)>strlen(b)) {strcpy(c,a);strcpy(a,b);strcpy(b,c);} printf("a=%s\nb=%s\n",a,b); strcat(a,b); strcpy(c,a); printf("c=%s\n",c);return0；} 6． #include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> intmain() { inta[3][3]; inti,j,sum=0; for(i=0;i<3;i++) { for(j=0;j<3;j++) { printf("请输入第%d行、第%d列的元素的值：",i+1,j+1); scanf("%d",&a[i][j]); } } for(i=0;i<3;i++) sum=sum+a[i][i]; printf("主对角线元素之和是：%d\n",sum); system("pause"); return0; } 习题7选择题123AAB二、读程序写结果1250，80，13030，20，1084三、编程题1.#include<stdio.h>#include<stdlib.h>intsum(intx){ ints=0; while(x) { s+=x%10; x=x/10; } returns;}intmain(){ intn,s; printf("请输入一个整数:\n"); scanf("%d",&n); s=sum(n); printf("%d的各位数字之和为:%d\n",n,s); system("pause"); return0;}2．#include<stdio.h>#include<stdlib.h>intchange(intm){ ints=0; while(m) { s=s*10+m%10; m=m/10; } returns;}intmain(){ intn; scanf("%d",&n); printf("%d\n",change(n)); system("pause"); return0;}3．#include<stdio.h>intnum(intn){ intm; if(n==10) m=1; else m=2*num(n+1)+1; returnm;}intmain(){ printf("%d\n",num(1));}4．#include<stdio.h>#include<stdlib.h>#defineF(m,n)m=m+n,n=m-n,m=m-nintmain(){ intm,n; printf("请输入两个整数："); scanf("%d%d",&m,&n); F(m,n); printf("m=%d,n=%d\n",m,n); system("pause"); return0;}习题8选择题123456CABBAB二、读程序写结果123a=0b=7-1-5,-12,-7三、编程题1.#include<stdio.h>#include<stdlib.h>intmain(){inta[10],*p,i,sum=0; floatave; p=a; for(i=0,p=a;i<10;i++,p++) { scanf("%d",p); sum=sum+*p; } ave=sum/10.0; printf("平均值为：%f\n",ave); printf("小于平均值的数为："); for(i=0,p=a;i<10;i++,p++) { if(*p<ave) printf("%d",*p); } system("pause"); return0;}2.#include<stdio.h>#include<stdlib.h>intmain(){ inta[10],i,j,*p,*q,temp; for(p=a;p<a+10;p++) scanf("%d",p); for(p=a,q=a+9;p<q;p++,q--) { temp=*p; *p=*q; *q=temp; } for(p=a;p<a+10;p++) printf("%d",*p); system("pause"); return0;}3.#include<stdio.h>#include<stdlib.h>intmain(){ charstr[80],*p=str; gets(p); while(*p!='\0') { if(*p>='A'&&*p<='Z') *p=*p+32; elseif(*p>='a'&&*p<='z') *p=*p-32; p++; } p=str; puts(p); system("pause"); return0;}习题9一、判断题1234错错错对二、选择题1234CDBD三、编程题1.（略）2.#include"stdio.h"#include"malloc.h"structYangtzeRiver{intnum;charname[10]; charcity[100];structYangtzeRiver*next;};structYangtzeRiver*creat(intn){structYangtzeRiver*head,*pf,*pb;inti;for(i=0;i<n;i++){pb=(structYangtzeRiver*)malloc(sizeof(structYangtzeRiver));printf("请输入编号城市名称城市简介\n");scanf("%d%s%s",&pb->num,&pb->name,&pb->city);if(i==0)pf=head=pb;elsepf->next=pb;pb->next=NULL;pf=pb;}return(head);}voidprint(structYangtzeRiver*head){printf("编号\t城市名称\t城市简介\n");while(head!=NULL){printf("%d\t%s\t%s\n",head->num,head->name,head->city);head=head->next;}}intmain(){structYangtzeRiver*head;intn;printf("请输入城市的个数:");scanf("%d",&n);head=creat(n);print(head);return0;}习题10一、选择题12345BDAAA二、编程题1.2