2006年10月全国自考英语二真题及答案

2006年10月全国自考英语二练习题及答案2006年10月全国自考英语（二）练习题Ⅰ.VocabularyandStructure(10points,1pointforeachitem)1.Ifyouwanttokeephealthy,youshould______badhabitssuchassmokinganddrinking.A.getawaywithB.getridofC.getalongwithD.getholdof2.Thedoctoradvisedhertoeatmorebeanproducts______meatwhichmightbeharmfultoherheart.A.forlackofB.bymeansofC.inplaceofD.infavorof3.______youradvice,Iwouldhavemadethewrongdecision.A.Hadn'titbeenforB.HaditnotbeenforC.IfitwerenotforD.Ifithasnotbeenfor4.Thenewsitemaboutthetrafficaccidentisfollowedbyadetailedreportmade______.A.onthespotB.onthelocationC.onthegroundD.onthesite5.Thegovernmenthaslostagreatdealof______becauseofthelargeincreaseinfoodprice.A.strengthB.supportC.agreementD.vote6.Wemust______thattheexperimentiscontrolledasrigidlyaspossible.A.ensureB.secureC.assureD.issue7.Hewasso______inreadingthenovelthatheforgottotakehisdinner.A.engagedB.lostC.absorbedD.centered8.Hedidn't______andsohefailedtheexamination.A.workenoughhardB.workhardenoughC.hardworkenoughD.hardenoughwork9.Inthepasttenyears,newbuildingshave______everywhereinthecity.A.sprungupB.broughtupC.putupD.grownup10.Themanagerassuredthecustomerthathiscomplaintwouldbeseen______immediately.A.toB.atC.onD.withⅡ.ClozeTest(10points,1pointforeachitem)Mostpeoplehavenoideaofthehardworkandworrythatgointothecollectingofthosefascinatingbirdsandanimalsthattheypaytoseeinthezoo.Oneofthequestionsthatisalwaysaskedofmeis11Ibecameananimalcollectorinthefirst12.TheansweristhatIhavealwaysbeeninterestedinanimalsandzoos.Accordingtomyparents,thefirstwordIwasabletosaywithany13wasnottheconventional“mamma”or“daddy”,14theword“zoo”,whichIwould15overandoveragainwithashrill16untilsomeone,inorderto17meup,wouldtakemetothezoo.WhenI18alittleolder,welivedinGreeceandIhadagreat19ofpets,rangingfromowlstoseahorses,andIspentallmysparetime20thecountrysideinsearchoffreshspecimensto21tomycollectionofpets.22onIwentforayeartotheCityZoo,asastudent23,togetexperienceofthelargeanimals,suchaslions,bears,bisonandostriches,24werenoteasytokeepathome.WhenIleft,I25hadenoughmoneyofmyowntobeableto26myfirsttripandIhavebeengoing27eversincethen.Thoughacollector'sjobisnotaneasyoneandisfullof28,itiscertainlyajobwhichwillappeal29allthosewholoveanimalsand30.11.A.howB.whereC.whenD.whether12.A.regionB.fieldC.placeD.case13.A.clarityB.emotionC.sentimentD.affection14.A.exceptB.butC.exceptforD.butfor15.A.reciteB.recognizeC.readD.repeat16.A.volumeB.noiseC.voiceD.pitch17.A.closeB.shutC.stopD.comfort18.A.grewB.wasgrowingC.growD.grown19.A.manyB.amountC.numberD.supply20.A.livingB.cultivatingC.reclaimingD.exploring21.A.increaseB.includeC.addD.enrich22.A.LaterB.FurtherC.ThenD.Subsequently23.A.attendantB.keeperC.memberD.aide24.A.whoB.theyC.ofwhichD.which25.A.luckilyB.gladlyC.nearlyD.successfully26.A.payB.provideC.allowD.finance27.A.normallyB.regularlyC.usuallyD.often28.A.expectationsB.sorrowsC.excitementD.disappointments29.A.forB.withC.toD.from30.A.excursionB.travelC.journeyD.tripⅢ.ReadingComprehension(30points,2pointsforeachitem)PassageOneQuestions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thefridgeisconsideredanecessity.Ithasbeensosincethe1960swhenpackagedfoodfirstappearedwiththelabel:“Storeintherefrigerator.”InmyfridgelessFiftieschildhood,Iwasfedwellandhealthily.Themilkmancamedaily,thegrocer,thebutcher(肉商),thebaker,andtheicecreammandeliveredtwoorthreetimesaweek.TheSundaymeatwouldlastuntilWednesdayandsurplus(剩余的)breadandmilkbecameallkindsofcakes.Nothingwaswasted,andwewerenevertroubledbyrottenfood.Thirtyyearson,fooddeliverieshaveceased,freshvegetablesarealmostunobtainableinthecountry.Theinventionofthefridgecontributedcomparativelylittletotheartoffoodpreservation.Avastwayofwelltriedtechniquesalreadyexisted—naturalcooling,drying,smoking,salting,sugaring,bottling…Whatrefrigerationdidpromotewasmarketing—marketinghardwareandelectricity,marketingsoftdrinks,marketingdeadbodiesofanimalsaroundtheglobeinsearchofagoodprice.Consequently,mostoftheworld'sfridgesaretobefound,notinthetropicswheretheymightproveuseful,butinthewealthycountrieswithmildtemperatureswheretheyareclimaticallyalmostunnecessary.Everywinter,millionsoffridgeshumawaycontinuously,andatvastexpense,busilymaintaininganartificiallycooledspaceinsideanartificiallyheatedhouse—whileoutside,natureprovidesthedesiredtemperaturefreeofcharge.Thefridge'seffectupontheenvironmenthasbeenevident,whileitscontributiontohumanhappinesshasbeeninsignificant.Ifyoudon'tbelieveme,tryityourself,investinafoodcabinetandturnoffyourfridgenextwinter.Youmaymissthehamburgers(汉堡包),butatleastyou'llgetridofthatterriblehum.31.Thestatement“InmyfridgelessFiftieschildhood,Iwasfedwellandhealthily.”suggeststhat______.A.theauthorwaswellfedandhealthyevenwithoutafridgeinthe1950sB.theauthorwasnotaccustomedtousingfridgeseveninthe1950sC.therewasnofridgeintheauthor'shomeinthe1950sD.thefridgewasinitsearlystageofdevelopmentinthe1950s32.Whydoestheauthorsaythatthefridge'scontributiontotheartoffoodpreservationiscomparativelylittle?A.Becausemostfooddoesn'tneedtobepreserved.B.Becausemanywaysoffoodpreservationareavailable.C.Becauserefrigerationistheleastlikelywayofpreservingfood.D.Becausethefridgehasnotimprovedmuchinthetechniqueoffoodpreservation.33.Whichofthefollowingphrasesinthefifthparagraphindicatesthefridge'snegativeeffectontheenvironment?A.“Humawaycontinuously”.B.“Climaticallyalmostunnecessary”.C.“Artificiallycooledspace”.D.“Withmildtemperatures”.34.Whatistheauthor'soverallattitudetowardfridges?A.Neutral.B.Critical.C.Objective.D.Compromising.35.Theauthortriestopersuadethereadertoaccepthisargumentmainlyby______.A.providingstatisticsB.givingexamplesC.offeringsuggestionsD.makingcomparisonsPassageTwoQuestions36to40arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thehumanbraincontains10thousandmillioncellsandeachofthesemayhaveathousandconnections.Suchenormousnumbersusedtodiscourageusandcauseustodismissthepossibilityofmakingamachinewithhumanlikeability,butnowthatwehavegrownusedtomovingforwardatsuchapacewecanbelesssure.Quitesoon,inonly10or20yearsperhaps,wewillbeabletoassembleamachineascomplexasthehumanbrain,andifwecanwewill.Itmaythentakeusalongtimetorenderitintelligentbyloadingintherightsoftware(软件)orbyalteringthearchitecturebutthattoowillhappen.Ithinkitcertainthatindecades,notcenturies,machinesofsilicon(硅)willarisefirsttorivalandthenexceedtheirhumanancestors.Oncetheyexceedustheywillbecapableoftheirowndesign.Inarealsensetheywillbeabletoreproducethemselves.Siliconwillhaveendedcarbon'slongcontrol.Andwewillnolongerbeabletoclaimourselvestobethefinestintelligenceintheknownuniverse.Astheintelligenceofrobotsincreasestomatchthatofhumansandastheircostdeclinesthrougheconomiesofscalewemayusethemtoexpandourfrontiers,firstonearththroughtheirabilitytowithstandenvironments,harmfultoourselves.Thus,desertsmaybloomandtheoceanbedsbemined.Furtherahead,byacombinationofthegreatwealththisnewagewillbringandthetechnologyitwillprovide,theconstructionofavast,mancreatedworldinspace,hometothousandsormillionsofpeople,willbewithinourpower.36.Inwhatwaycanwemakeamachineintelligent?A.Bymakingitworkinsuchenvironmentsasdeserts,oceansorspace.B.Byworkinghardfor10or20years.C.Byeitherproperlyprogrammingitorchangingitsstructure.D.Byreproducingit.37.Whatdoesthewriterthinkaboutmachineswithhumanlikeability?A.Hebelievestheywillbeusefultohumanbeings.B.Hebelievesthattheywillcontrolusinthefuture.C.Heisnotquitesureinwhatwaytheymayinfluenceus.D.Hedoesn'tconsidertheconstructionofsuchmachinespossible.38.Theword“carbon”(Line4,Para.2)standsfor______.A.intelligentrobotsB.achemicalelementC.anorganicsubstanceD.humanbeings39.Arobotcanbeusedtoexpandourfrontierswhen______.A.itsintelligenceandcostarebeyondquestionB.itisabletobeartheroughenvironmentC.itismadeascomplexasthehumanbrainD.itsarchitectureisdifferentfromthatofthehumanbrain40.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.A.aftertheinstallationofagreatnumberofcellsandconnections,robotswillbecapableofselfreproductionB.withtherapiddevelopmentoftechnology,peoplehavecometorealizethepossibilityofmakingamachinewithhumanlikeabilityC.oncewemakeamachineascomplexasthehumanbrain,itwillpossessintelligenceD.robotswillhavecontrolofthevast,manmadeworldinspacePassageThreeQuestions41to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Themostimportantthingaboutfirstaidistodoquickthinkingonyourfeet.Thatistomakesurethatthevictimgetstothedoctororhospitalassoonaspossible.Whendealingwithanemergency,firstofall,youshouldstaycalm.Youwillnotbeabletohelpothersifyouarehysterical(情绪暴躁不安的).Takeadeepbreathandthinkbeforeyouact.Checkthevictimforapulseandbreathing.Lookforexternalbleeding(外出血).Ifthereisalotofbleeding,putdirectpressureonthewoundwithacleancloth.Ifthevictimisnotbreathing,youwillhavetostartmouthtomouthbreathingforhimatonce.Ifthereisnopulse,youwillhavetodochestcompressions(胸外心脏按压).Ifthevictimhasabrokenbone,youshouldkeepthebrokenpartstill.Donottrytomoveit.Ifthevictimissufferingfromaheatstroke(中暑),puthiminacoolplaceandgivehimplentyofwatertodrink.Ifthevictimhasswallowedpoison,makehimvomit(呕吐)bypressingyourfingersdownhisthroat.Inallcases,themostimportantthingistogetthevictimtothedoctororhospitalassoonaspossible.41.Themostimportantthinginfirstaidis______.A.tomakequickdecisionsB.tocallthedoctorC.toremovethecauseoftheaccidentD.topreventbleeding42.Whendealingwithanemergency,youshouldfirst______.A.examinethevictimB.callforhelpC.staycalmD.stopthebleeding43.Ifthevictimhasalotofbleeding,youshould______.A.coverthewoundwithacleanclothB.putdirectpressureonthewoundC.pressthevictim'sthroatD.keepthebrokenpartstill44.Ifthevictimisnotbreathing,youshould______.A.startmouthtomouthbreathingB.dochestcompressionsC.puthiminacoolplaceD.makehimvomit45.Thepassagemainlytellsus______.A.somebasicknowledgeoffirstaidB.howtocallthedoctorC.howtocheckthevictimD.howtopreventaccidentsⅣ.WordSpelling(10points,0.5pointforeachitem)46.绝对的47.承认48.焦虑，渴望49.平均50.电池51.边界52.粗心的53.比较54.贡献55.减少56.经济的57.相等的58.有利的59.天才60.诚实61.立刻62.正义63.知识64.缺乏65.机器66.自然的67.占据68.包，包裹69.质量70.比率71.牺牲72.技术73.失业74.暴力75.青年Ⅴ.WordForm(10points,1pointforeachitem)76.Theproblemrequires______(study)withgreatcare.77.Themorehetriedtohelpher,______(little)sheseemedtoappreciateit.78.Theoldmanisusedto______(get)upearlyinthemorning.79.Theyoungmanmadeseveral______(propose)atthemeeting.80.The______(long)oftheriverisabout500kilometers.81.The______(perform)oftheactresswasverywonderful.82.The______(discover)ofnewoilfieldsisofgreatimportancetothecountry'seconomy.83.Thestudentsarebusy______(prepare)forthefinalexam.84.Itis______(reason)toexpectpeopletoworkwithoutpay.85.The______(develop)ofscienceandtechnologyhasgreatlychangedpeople'slife.Ⅵ.TranslationfromChinesetoEnglish(15points,3pointsforeachitem)86.他的建议值得考虑。87.他们已决定提前完成这项工作。88.直到昨天我才知道他要来。89.据说这个地区已发现了一个大煤矿。90.尽管困难重重，我们仍决心执行我们的计划。Ⅶ.TranslationfromEnglishtoChinese(15points)91.Thefactthatshewasforeignmadeitdifficultforhertogetajobinthatcountry.92.ThemoreyoupracticespeakingEnglish,themo