2025-2026学年上海市某中学高三上学期10月月考英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1上海市某中学2025-2026学年高三上学期10月月考英语试卷I.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.NewwayofdetectingoxygenonexoplanetscouldhelpfindlifeThesearchforoxygenonotherplanetsoutsideofoursolarsystem,calledexoplanets,isthoughttobeanaidinthesearchforlifeoutsideofEarth.Now,astronomers____1____(develop)anewmethodfordetectingoxygenonexoplanets,accordingtoanewstudypublishedMonday.Thescientistsbelievetheirnewmethodcouldspeedupthesearchforlifebymaking____2____easiertotellifindividualexoplanetscouldhostlifeontheirsurfacesbylookingattheiratmospheres.Forexample,ifanalienspecieswassearchingforlifeoutsideoftheirplanet,oneofthewaysthey____3____tellEarthhostedlifeisbecauseofthepresenceofbiosignatures,suchasoxygen.IndividualorganismslikeplantsonEarthproduceoxygen____4____photosynthesis.Thenewmethodwillrelyondetectingthestrongsignal____5____(create)whenoxygenmoleculescollideintheatmospheresofexoplanets.ThemethodwillbeusedbyNASA’sJamesWebbSpaceTelescope,____6____willbeabletopeerintotheatmospheresofexoplanetsandsearchforthissignal.Thetelescopewilllaunchlaterandtakeacloserlookatmysteriousexoplanettargetsalreadyidentifiedbypreviousplanet-huntingmissionssuchasNASA’sKeplerandTESS.Thisuniquesignalproducedbyoxygenmoleculecollisionscouldactuallyhelpastronomersdecide____7____theplanethostslifeornot.Oncethisdetermination____8____(make),theycanquicklymoveoninthesearch.“Beforeourwork,oxygenatsimilarlevelsasonEarthwasthought____9____(be)undetectablewithWebb,”saidThomasFauchez,leadstudyauthoratNASA’sGoddardSpaceFlightCenter.“Thisoxygensignalisknownsincetheearly1980sfromEarth’satmosphericstudiesbuthasneverbeenstudiedforexoplanetresearch.”Thecollisionoftheoxygenmoleculesiskey____10____theyblockinfrared(红外线的)lightfromthetelescope,creatingpatternsinthespectrum(光谱)thathelpdeterminethecompositionoftheatmosphere.Tocreatetheirmethod,theresearcherscalculatedtheamountoflightexpectedtobeblockedoutbythecollisions.【答案】1.havedeveloped/aredeveloping2.it3.could4.through5.created6.which7.whether8.ismade9.tobe10.because/as/since【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了天文学家开发出一种新方法检测系外行星氧气以助力寻找外星生命。【1题详析】考查时态。句意：据周一发表的一项新研究，现在，天文学家已经开发出一种在系外行星上探测氧气的新方法。或者句意：据周一发表的一项新研究，现在，天文学家正在开发一种在系外行星上探测氧气的新方法。此处强调develop“开发”这一动作已经完成，时态用现在完成时，主语astronomers是复数，助动词用have。或者强调develop这一动作正在进行，时态用现在进行时，be动词用are。故填havedeveloped或aredeveloping。【2题详析】考查it作形式宾语。句意：科学家们认为，他们的新方法可以通过观察系外行星的大气层，更容易地判断个别系外行星的表面是否可能存在生命，从而加快寻找生命的步伐。此处用it作形式宾语，后面的不定式totellifindividualexoplanetscouldhostlifeontheirsurfacesbylookingattheiratmospheres作真正的宾语。故填it。【3题详析】考查情态动词。句意：例如，如果一个外星物种正在他们的星球之外寻找生命，他们能判断地球上有生命存在的方式之一就是因为存在生物特征，比如氧气。根据wassearching和tellEarthhostedlife可知，此处表示“过去的能力”，用情态动词could。故填could。【4题详析】考查介词。句意：像地球上的植物这样的个体生物通过光合作用产生氧气。此处表示“通过”，用介词through。故填through。【5题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：新方法将依赖于探测系外行星大气层中氧分子碰撞时产生的强信号。本句谓语为willrelyon，此处为非谓语动词，作定语，修饰signal，create“创造”与signal二者之间是被动关系，用过去分词，作后置定语。故填created。【6题详析】考查定语从句。句意：美国宇航局的JamesWebb太空望远镜将使用这种方法，它能够观察系外行星的大气层并寻找这个信号。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词NASA’sJamesWebbSpaceTelescope，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。【7题详析】考查宾语从句。句意：氧分子碰撞产生的这种独特信号实际上可以帮助天文学家决定这个星球上是否有生命存在。空格处引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，用whether引导该从句。故填whether。【8题详析】考查时态和语态。句意：一旦做出了这个判断，他们就可以迅速继续进行搜索。Once引导的时间状语从句描述现在的情况，时态用一般现在时，make与主语determination之间是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语determination是第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填ismade。【9题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：“在我们的研究之前，人们认为用韦伯望远镜无法探测到与地球上相似水平的氧气，”美国宇航局戈达德太空飞行中心的首席研究作者ThomasFauchez说。bethoughttodo...是固定短语，意为“被认为……”，本空用be的不定式，作主语补足语。故填tobe。【10题详析】考查状语从句。句意：氧分子的碰撞是关键，因为它们阻挡了射向望远镜的红外光，在光谱中形成了有助于确定大气成分的模式。前后句是因果关系，后句解释原因，用because/as/since引导原因状语从句。故填because/as/since。SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.literallyB.barrierC.EventuallyD.findE.examinesF.featuresG.innovationsH.meanI.professionalJ.strikingK.well-positionedTheBestCompanytoWorkForEveryyear,Fortunemagazinepublishedalistofthe‘100BestCompaniestoWorkFor’.Howdoesthemagazinechoosethecompanies?Firstly,itusesasurvey:350employeesanswer57questionsabouttheircompany.Secondly,Fortunelooksatimportant___11___ofcompanies:forexample,pay,benefits,andcommunicationbetweenworkersandmanagement.Finally,themagazine___12___theresultstofinditsTop100.WegmansFoodMarkets,whichranksNo.1onthelist,hasamotto(座右铭),‘Employeesfirst,customerssecond’,anditisalsooneofthe50largestprivatecompaniesintheUS,withannualsalesof$3.6billion,accordingtoForbesmagazine.Apparently,beinggoodtoyouremployeesisno___13___tomakingmoney.HowmuchofWegmans’successisduetothecompany’spolicies?‘Uptoapoint,thesuccessisbecauseofthefreedomtheygiveus,’saysoneemployee.‘Ontheotherhand,nocompanygetsrichjustbynotbeing___14___toitsemployees.Wegmanshasgreatmarketingstrategiesandit’s___15___withinthecommunity.I’vebeenherefor15years.Lookingback,I’dsaythatthecompany’s___16___forcustomers,suchastheShoppers’Clubelectronicdiscountprogrammeinthe1990s,havebeenjustasimportantasthebenefitstostaff.’Buttheemployeebenefitsare___17___.Fundamentally,Wegmansbelievesin___18___development.Aswellasscholarships,thecompanygivesitsemployeesbusinessopportunities.Foryears,oneemployeemadedeliciouscookiesforhercolleagues.___19___,shestartedsellingthecookiesinWegmans.‘Ijustaskedthemanager,’shesays.‘Whilelookingback,Ithinkshouldhaveaskedearlier.Icouldhavemademoremoney!’Thestaff’sfreedomtomakedecisionsisanotherthingyouwon’t____20____everywhere.Essentially,Wegmanswantsitsworkerstodoalmostanythingtopleasethecustomers.Believeitornot,anemployeeoncecookedaThanksgivingturkeyinthestoreforacustomerbecausethewoman’sturkey,boughtinWegmans,wastoobigforheroven.【答案】11.F12.E13.B14.H15.K16.G17.J18.I19.C20.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要分析了《财富》杂志每年如何选出最佳工作公司。【11题详析】考查名词。句意：其次，《财富》杂志关注公司的重要特征：例如，薪酬、福利以及员工和管理层之间的沟通。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词作宾语。根据句意，此处指“特征”，故选features。故答案为F。【12题详析】考查谓语动词。句意：最后，该杂志对结果进行检查，以找到其前100名。分析句子可知，空格处应填入谓语动词。根据上句“Fortunelooksatimportant______ofcompanies”可知，此处应用一般现在时，且主语是单数，谓语动词应用单数第三人称形式。根据句意，此处指“检查”，故选examines。故答案为E。【13题详析】考查名词。句意：显然，对员工好并不是赚钱的障碍。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词作表语。根据句意，此处指“障碍”，故选barrier。故答案为B。【14题详析】考查形容词。句意：另一方面，没有一家公司仅仅通过对员工不吝啬而致富。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作表语。根据句意，此处指“吝啬的”，故选mean。bemeantosb.固定短语，意为“对某人吝啬”。故答案为H。【15题详析】考查形容词。句意：Wegmans有很好的营销策略，并且在社区中定位良好。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作表语。根据句意，此处指“定位良好的”，故选well-positioned。故答案为K。【16题详析】考查名词。句意：回过头来看，我想说，该公司为客户所做的创新，如20世纪90年代的“购物者俱乐部”电子折扣计划，对员工的福利同样重要。分析句子可知，空格处应填入名词作主语。且根据谓语动词“havebeen”可知，此处应用名词复数形式。根据句意，此处指“创新”，故选innovations。故答案为G。【17题详析】考查形容词。句意：但员工福利却令人震惊。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作表语。根据句意，此处指“令人震惊的”，故选striking。故答案为J。【18题详析】考查形容词。句意：从根本上讲，韦格曼相信职业发展。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作定语修饰名词development。根据句意，此处指“职业的”，故选professional。故答案为I。【19题详析】考查副词。句意：最终，她开始在韦格曼出售饼干。分析句子可知，空格处应填入副词作状语。根据句意，此处指“最终”，故选Eventually。故答案为C。【20题详析】考查动词。句意：员工做出决定的自由是另一件你在任何地方都找不到的事情。根据空格前的情态动词“won’t”可知，空格处应填入动词原形。根据句意，此处指“找到”，故选find。故答案为D。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.“Britainmovesclosertoaself-drivingrevolution,”saidamessagefromtheDepartmentforTransportthatpoppedintomyinboxonWednesdaymorning.ThepurposeofthemessagewastoletusknowthatthegovernmentischangingtheHighwayCodeto“____21____thefirstself-drivingvehiclesareintroducedsafelyonUKroads”andto“clarifydrivers’responsibilitiesinself-drivingvehicles,includingwhenadrivermustbereadyto____22____control”.Thechangeswillspecifythatwhiletravellinginself-drivingmode,motoristsmustbereadytoresumecontrol____23____iftheyarepromptedto,suchaswhentheyapproachmotorwayexits.Theyalsosignalapuzzling____24____tocurrentregulations,allowingdrivers“toviewcontentthatisnotrelatedtodrivingonbuilt-indisplayscreenswhiletheself-drivingvehicleisincontrol”.Reassuringly,___25___,itwillstillbeillegaltousemobilephonesinself-drivingmode,“giventhegreaterrisktheyposeindistractingdriversasshowninresearch”.Asusual,theannouncementcomescoatedin____26____optimism.Itclaimsselfless-drivingisallhappening“whileboostingeconomicgrowthacrossthenationandsecuringBritain’splaceasaglobalsciencesuperpower”.Butwhat____27____isthisself-drivingcapabilitythatisbeingenabledbyourlocalsuperpower?Turnsoutit’sALKS,whichisanacronym(首字母缩略词)for“automatedlanekeepingsystems”,aninterestingtechnologythat“enablesavehicletodriveitselfinasinglelane,upto37mph,while____28____theabilitytoreturncontroleasilyandsafelytothedriverwhenrequired”.Wow!Nowfora(n)____29____check.TheSocietyofAutomotiveEngineers(SAE)definessixlevelsofdrivingautomation,rangingfrom0(fully____30____)to5(fullyautonomous).Level1iswherethecarhasasinglesystemfordriverassistance.Adaptivecruisecontrol,wherethevehicleiskeptatasafedistancebehindthenextcar,isa(n)____31____,becausethehumandrivermonitorstheotheraspectsofdriving,suchassteeringandbraking.Level2is“____32____drivingautomation”.Thecarcancontrolbothsteeringandaccelerating/decelerating.Butit____33____self-drivingbecauseahumansitsinthedriver’sseatandcantakecontrolofthecaratanytime.SowhatthegovernmentcallsALKSisactuallyaslightly____34____versionofLevel2automation,becauseit’sconfinedtospeedsof37mphorless.ButtotalkaboutthisLevel2automationas“self-driving”isquiteastretch,evenfortheJohnsongovernment.WemayonedaygettoLevel5-tovehiclesthatdonotrequire____35____andwon’tevenhavesteeringwheelsoracceleration/brakingpedals.Butitwon’thappenjustyet.21.A.deny B.ensure C.argue D.prove22.A.handover B.relyon C.takeback D.giveup23.A.inatimelyway B.onaregularbasis C.byausefulmeans D.atalonginterval24.A.limit B.solution C.approach D.shift25.A.however B.otherwise C.therefore D.besides26.A.cautious B.renewed C.false D.considerable27.A.seemingly B.potentially C.exactly D.theoretically28.A.abandoning B.enhancing C.maintaining D.questioning29.A.reality B.performance C.endurance D.risk30.A.manual B.automatic C.equipped D.grown31.A.exception B.downside C.example D.outcome32.A.partial B.full C.gradual D.virtual33.A.comesupwith B.livesupto C.fallsshortof D.zerosinon34.A.updated B.initial C.standard D.degraded35.A.regularmaintenance B.humanattention C.autonomousoperation D.greatintelligence【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.A26.D27.C28.C29.A30.A31.C32.A33.C34.D35.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了英国交通部修改《公路法规》推进自动驾驶，明确车辆安全上路及驾驶员责任，允许看车载非驾驶内容却禁玩手机。其推广的ALKS属SAE2级降级技术，远非“自动驾驶”，文章认为政府宣传有夸大，5级全自动驾驶暂难实现。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这条消息的目的是让我们知晓，政府正在修订《公路法》，旨在“确保首批自动驾驶车辆能够安全地在英国公路上投入使用”，并且“明确自动驾驶车辆中驾驶员的职责，包括何时驾驶员必须准备好重新掌控车辆”。A.deny否认；B.ensure确认；C.argue争论；D.prove证明。根据后文“thefirstself-drivingvehiclesareintroducedsafelyonUKroads”可知，修订《公路法》是为了确保首批自动驾驶车辆能够安全地在英国公路上投入使用。故选B。【22题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这条消息的目的是让我们知晓，政府正在修订《公路法》，旨在“确保首批自动驾驶车辆能够安全地在英国公路上投入使用”，并且“明确自动驾驶车辆中驾驶员的职责，包括何时驾驶员必须准备好重新掌控车辆”。A.handover交出；B.relyon依赖；C.takeback收回；D.giveup放弃。根据上文“clarifydrivers’responsibilitiesinself-drivingvehicles,includingwhenadrivermustbereadyto”以及后文“resumecontrol”（恢复控制权）可知，此处指驾驶员需要收回车辆的控制权，故选C。【23题详析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：这些规定将明确指出，在自动驾驶模式下行驶时，驾驶者必须随时准备在需要时及时接管车辆控制权，比如当车辆接近高速公路出口时就会有相关提示。A.inatimelyway及时地；B.onaregularbasis定期地；C.byausefulmeans通过有用的方式；D.atalonginterval过了一段很长的时间。根据后文“suchaswhentheyapproachmotorwayexits”可知，驾驶员需在被提示时及时恢复控制（如接近高速出口），故选A。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，这些规定还标志着一种令人费解的转变，即允许司机在自动驾驶车辆处于控制状态时，通过内置显示屏观看与驾驶无关的内容。A.limit限制；B.solution解决方案；C.approach靠近；D.shift转换，变化。根据后文“allowingdrivers“toviewcontentthatisnotrelatedtodrivingonbuilt-indisplayscreenswhiletheself-drivingvehicleisincontrol””可知，新规允许驾驶员看非驾驶内容，这与现行规定相比是“变化”，故选D。【25题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，令人欣慰的是，即便车辆处于自动驾驶模式，使用手机仍将是违法的，“因为研究表明，手机使用会更大程度地分散驾驶员的注意力”。A.however然而；B.otherwise否则；C.therefore因此；D.besides此外。前文说允许看屏幕，后文说禁止用手机，存在转折关系，“however”（然而）正确。故选A。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：和往常一样，这一消息的发布充满了十足的乐观色彩。A.cautious谨慎的；B.renewed再次发生的；C.false错误的；D.considerable十足的，相当大的。根据后文“Itclaimsselfless-drivingisallhappening“whileboostingeconomicgrowthacrossthenationandsecuringBritain’splaceasaglobalsciencesuperpower”.”可知，政府宣称自动驾驶能“促进经济增长、巩固科技强国地位”，体现“极大的乐观”，故选D。【27题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但我们本地“超级算力”所赋能的这种自动驾驶功能，究竟具体是什么？A.seemingly似乎；B.potentially可能地；C.exactly恰好地；D.theoretically理论上。后文“Turnsoutit’sALKS,whichisanacronymfor“automatedlanekeepingsystems””解释ALKS的具体含义，此处是问“到底是什么”自动驾驶技术，“exactly”（确切地）正确。故选C。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：结果发现是ALKS，它是“自动车道保持系统”的缩写，这是一种颇具创新性的技术，“能让车辆在单个车道上自动驾驶，最高时速可达37英里，同时维持能在需要时轻松、安全地将控制权交还给驾驶员”。A.abandoning抛弃；B.enhancing加强；C.maintaining维持；D.questioning质疑。根据后文“theabilitytoreturncontroleasilyandsafelytothedriverwhenrequired”可知，ALKS需保持在必要时将控制权交还给驾驶员的能力，“maintaining”（维持）正确。故选C。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在来进行一次现实情况的检验。A.reality现实；B.performance表现；C.endurance持久力；D.risk风险。后文“rangingfrom0(fully)to5(fullyautonomous)”可知，SAE等级划分揭示技术真实水平，是现实检验，故选A。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：美国汽车工程师协会（SAE）将驾驶自动化水平分为六级，从0级（完全手动驾驶）到5级（完全自动驾驶）。A.manual手工的；B.automatic自动地；C.equipped装备齐全的；D.grown长大的。根据后文“to5(fullyautonomous)”可知，完全自动驾驶之前是手动驾驶。故选A。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：自适应巡航控制就是一种例子，在这种模式下，车辆会与前方车辆保持一定安全距离行驶。而人类驾驶员则会关注驾驶的其他方面，比如转向和刹车操作。A.exception例外；B.downside缺点；C.example例子；D.outcome结果。根据上文“Level1iswherethecarhasasinglesystemfordriverassistance.(级别1表示汽车仅配备一套辅助驾驶系统)”可知，自适应巡航控制是1级辅助驾驶的例子，故选C。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二级是“部分驾驶自动化”。A.partial部分的；B.full满的；C.gradual逐渐的；D.virtual虚拟的。根据后文“becauseahumansitsinthedriver’sseatandcantakecontrolofthecaratanytime”可知，2级自动驾驶需人类随时接管，是部分自动化，故选A。【33题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：但它还无法实现完全的自动驾驶，因为驾驶座上仍坐着一名驾驶员，且驾驶员随时都可以掌控车辆。A.comesupwith提出；B.livesupto实现；C.fallsshortof做不到，达不到；D.zerosinon集中注意力。根据后文“becauseahumansitsinthedriver’sseatandcantakecontrolofthecaratanytime”可知，驾驶座上仍坐着一名驾驶员，且驾驶员随时都可以掌控车辆，说明无法做到完全自动驾驶室。故选C。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以政府所说的“ALKS”实际上只是二级自动化技术的一种略微退化的版本，因为它仅适用于时速37英里或更低的行驶速度。A.updated更新的；B.initial开始的；C.standard标准的；D.degraded退化的。根据后文“becauseit’sconfinedtospeedsof37mphorless”可知，ALKS仅限37英里/小时以下，比标准2级功能受限，是“降级版”，故选D。【35题详析】考查名词短语辨析。句意：或许在未来某一天，我们能够达到第五级——即实现无需人类注意、甚至无需方向盘和油门/刹车踏板的车辆。A.regularmaintenance定期维护；B.humanattention人类关注；C.autonomousoperation自动化运作；D.greatintelligence伟大智慧。根据后文“andwon’tevenhavesteeringwheelsoracceleration/brakingpedals”可知，5级是完全自动驾驶，无需人类关注，且无方向盘和踏板，故选B。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingtwopassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)VisitorstoHENN-NA,arestaurantoutsideNagasaki,Japan,aregreetedbyanoddsight:theirfoodbeingpreparedbyarowofhumanoidrobotsthatlookliketheTerminator.H.I.S.,thecompanythatrunstherestaurant,aswellasanearbyhotelwhererobotscheckguestsintotheirroomsandhelpwiththeirluggage,turnedtoautomationpartlyoutofnecessity.Japan’spopulationisshrinking,anditseconomyisbooming;theunemploymentrateisonly2.8percent.“UsingrobotsmakesalotofsenseinacountrylikeJapan,”saidCEOHideoSawada.Sawadapredictsthat70percentofthejobsatJapan’shotelswillbeautomatedinthenextfiveyears.“Ittakesaboutayeartotwotogetyourmoneyback,”hesaid.“Butsinceyoucanworkthem24hoursaday,andtheydon’tneedvacation,eventuallyit’smorecost-efficienttousetherobot.”Thismayseemlikeavisionofthefuturebestsuited—perhapsonlysuited—toJapan.ButaccordingtoMichaelChui,apartnerattheMcKinseyGlobalInstitute,manytasksinthefood-serviceandaccommodationindustryareexactlythekindthatareeasilyautomated.Chui’slatestresearchestimatesthat54percentofthetasksworkersperforminAmericanrestaurantsandhotelscouldbeautomatedusingcurrentlyavailabletechnologies.Therobots,infact,arealreadyhere.Chowbotics,acompanyinRedwoodCity,California,manufacturesSally,aboxyrobotthatpreparessaladsorderedonatouchscreen.Botlr,arobotbutler,nowbringsguestsextratowelsandtoiletriesindozensofhotelsaroundthecountry.Thisseemstobeworrying.America’seconomyisn’tdevelopingnearlyassmoothlyasJapan’s,andoneofthefewbrightspotsinrecentyearshasbeenemploymentinrestaurantsandhotels,whichhaveaddedmorejobsthanalmostanyotherindustry.Thatgrowth,infact,hashelpeddulltheblowthatautomationhasdeliveredtootherindustries.Thefood-serviceandaccommodationindustrynowemploys13.7millionAmerican.Since2013,ithasaccountedformorejobsthanmanufacturing.Thesenewpositionsonceseemedsafefromrobotsbecausetheyrequiredahumantouchinawaythatmanufacturingorminingjobsdidnot.Whenorderingacoffeeorcheckingintoahotel,humanbeingswanttointeractwithotherhumanbeings—orsowethought.Thecompaniesbringingrobotsintotheserviceindustryarebettingthatwe’llbehappytotradeourrelationshipwithhumanwaitersorclerksforgreaterefficiency.They’realsoconfidentthataddingrobotswon’tnecessarilymeancuttinghumanjobs.36.Accordingtothewriter,whywasitpartlyoutofnecessitythatH.I.S.turnedtoautomation?A.It’shardtofindemployeesinJapan.B.TheJapaneseareusedtousingrobots.C.RobotictechnologyisadvancedinJapan.D.Japan’seconomydevelopslessfastthanexpected.37.AccordingtoMichaelChui,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Itisnoeasyjobtoautomatetasksinthehotelindustry.B.Restaurantworkerscanbeeasilyreplacedbyrobots.C.Technologiesneedupgradingtopavethewayforroboticwaiters.D.Robotsnowperform54%ofthetasksinAmericanrestaurantsandhotels.38.WhydoestheautomationinAmericanrestaurantsandhotelsseemworrying?A.Themanufacturingindustryiswaitingtobeautomated.B.America’seconomyisdevelopingatanunexpectedrate.C.Automationhasalreadyhadanegativeeffectontheserviceindustry.D.ThesetwoindustriescontributemuchtoAmerica’semploymentrate.39.Itcanbeinferredthatcompaniesbringingrobotsintotheserviceindustrythinkthat________.A.thehumantouchmaynotmatterthatmuchB.profitismoreimportantthancustomersatisfactionC.manufacturingorminingjobsrequirehumaninteractionD.robotswillrobhumansoftheirjobsatthecostofefficiency【答案】36.A37.B38.D39.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章作者介绍了日本有名的HENN-NA餐馆使用机器人为人们提供服务，并分析了人工智能带来的利与弊。【36题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“H.I.S.,thecompanythatrunstherestaurant,aswellasanearbyhotelwhererobotscheckguestsintotheirroomsandhelpwiththeirluggage,turnedtoautomationpartlyoutofnecessity.Japan’spopulationisshrinking,anditseconomyisbooming;theunemploymentrateisonly2.8percent.“UsingrobotsmakesalotofsenseinacountrylikeJapan,”saidCEOHideoSawada.”（经营这家餐厅的公司H.I.S.，以及附近一家由机器人为客人办理入住手续并帮助他们搬运行李的酒店，在一定程度上转向自动化，是出于需要。日本的人口在减少，经济却在蓬勃发展；失业率只有2.8%。首席执行官HideoSawada表示:“在日本这样的国家，使用机器人很有意义。”）可知，根据作者的说法，H.I.S.转向了自动化在一定程度上是出于必要因为在日本很难找到员工。故选A。【37题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“ButaccordingtoMichaelChui,apartnerattheMcKinseyGlobalInstitute,manytasksinthefood-serviceandaccommodationindustryareexactlythekindthatareeasilyautomated.Chui’slatestresearchestimatesthat54percentofthetasksworkersperforminAmericanrestaurantsandhotelscouldbeautomatedusingcurrentlyavailabletechnologies.”（但麦肯锡全球研究所的合伙人MichaelChui认为，食品服务和住宿行业的许多工作都是很容易自动化的。Chui的最新研究估计，美国餐馆和酒店中54%的工作可以通过现有技术实现自动化。）可知，根据MichaelChui，餐厅工作人员很容易被机器人取代。故选B。【38题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Thisseemstobeworrying.America’seconomyisn’tdevelopingnearlyassmoothlyasJapan’s,andoneofthefewbrightspotsinrecentyearshasbeenemploymentinrestaurantsandhotels,whichhaveaddedmorejobsthanalmostanyotherindustry.Thatgrowth,infact,hashelpeddulltheblowthatautomationhasdeliveredtootherindustries.Thefood-serviceandaccommodationindustrynowemploys13.7millionAmerican.Since2013,ithasaccountedformorejobsthanmanufacturing.”（这似乎令人担忧。美国经济发展远没有日本那么顺利，近年来为数不多的亮点之一是餐饮业和酒店业的就业，这两个行业创造的就业机会几乎超过了其他任何行业。事实上，这种增长有助于减轻自动化给其他行业带来的冲击。食品服务和住宿行业现在雇佣了13人。700万美国人。自2013年以来，它提供的就业岗位已经超过了制造业。）可知，美国餐馆和酒店的自动化看起来令人担忧因为这两个行业对美国的就业率贡献很大。故选D。【39题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thesenewpositionsonceseemedsafefromrobotsbecausetheyrequiredahumantouchinawaythatmanufacturingorminingjobsdidnot.Whenorderingacoffeeorcheckingintoahotel,humanbeingswanttointeractwithotherhumanbeings—orsowethought.Thecompaniesbringingrobotsintotheserviceindustryarebettingthatwe’llbehappytotradeourrelationshipwithhumanwaitersorclerksforgreaterefficiency.They’realsoconfidentthataddingrobotswon’tnecessarilymeancuttinghumanjobs.”（这些新岗位一度似乎不会受到机器人的影响，因为它们需要人的接触，而制造业或采矿业的工作则不需要。当点一杯咖啡或入住酒店时，人类想要与他人互动——至少我们是这么认为的。将机器人引入服务行业的公司打赌，我们会很乐意放弃与人类服务员或职员的关系，以换取更高的效率。他们还相信，增加机器人并不一定意味着减少人类的工作）可推知，将机器人引入服务行业的公司认为，人类的接触可能并不那么重要。故选A。BForlargeprintversionsandaccessinformation,pleaseaskattheInformationDeskintheGreatCourtcall+44(0)3073238299,orvisitOpeningtimesGreatCourtSaturday—Thursday09:00—18:00Friday09:00—20:30GalleriesandspecialexhibitionsSaturday—Thursday10:00—17:30Friday10:00—20:30Pleasenotethatgalleriesstartclosing10minutesbeforethepublishedclosingtimes.TheMuseumisclosedon1January,GoodFridayand24—26December.AccessMostgalleries,eventsandfacilitiesattheBritishMuseumhavelevelaccessincludingallthecafesandtherestaurant.Thelocationsoflevelaccesstoiletsareshownonthemap,andliftsintheGreatCourtprovideaccesstoalladjacentfloorlevels.WheelchairscanbeborrowedfreeofchargefrombothentrancesorbookedinadvancefromtheInformationDesk.TemporaryexhibitionsareregularlyaccompaniedwithtactileimagesandBraille.Audiodescriptionisprovidedforsometemporaryexhibitions.Allmajortemporaryexhibitionshavelargeprintinformationavailableforuse.MagnifyingglassesareavailabletoborrowfromtheInformationDesk.TheMuseumregularlyprogrammescuratorial-ledhandlingsessionsforblindandpartially-sightedvisitors.Forfurtherdetails,contacttheLearning,volunteersandAudiencesDepartmentat+44(0)2073238510/8850orlearning@.Britishsignlanguage-interpretedgallerytalkstakeplaceeverymonth.Fordetails,seetheMuseum’sbi-monthlyguide,What’sOn,orcontacttheinformationDesk.Amultimediaguidewithsignedvideocommentariesforover200highlightobjectsoftheMuseumisavailablefromtheMultimediaGuideDesk.Asoundenhancementsystemwithportableinductionloopsisavailableformostgallerytalksandtosupportsign-interpretedtours.FamilyactivitiesFamilyeventsareregularlyheldatweekendsandduringschoolholidays.Formoredetails,pickupaFamiliesleaflet.FamilybackpacksandtrailsareavailablefromthefamiliesDeskintheGreatCourtatweekendsandeverydayduringschoolholidays.Afamilysouvenirguidebook.ExploretheBritishMuseum,andChildren’sMultimediaGuidearealsoavailable.EventsprogrammeTheeventsprogrammeincludesawiderangeoflectures,films,specialeventsandcourses,includingadultlearning,familyactivitiesandmore.Forfulldetails,pickupWhat’sOnfromtheInformationDeskintheGreatCourt.RegulationsforvisitorsKeepmobilesinsilentmodeanddon’ttakecallsingalleryspacesDon’ttouchtheobjects(youcanhandleselectedobjectsattheHands-Ondesks—askattheInformationDeskfordetails)Don’tsmokeonthepremisesDon’teatordrinkinthegalleriesSketchingwithpencilinthegalleriesisallowed.Photographyispermittedinselectedgalleries,fornon-commercialuses.CCTVisinoperationatalltimesintheBritishMuseum.FacilitiesCloakroomsThemaincloakroomistotheleftoftheMainentrance,asecondcloakroomislocatedbytheMontaguePlaceentrance.Thecloakroomsdonotacceptlargeluggage(maximumdimensions:40×40×50cm).(Copyright2002,2007and2008theTrusteesoftheBritishMuseum.PrintedinItaly.)40.Wherecanyoumostprobablyfindthisarticle?A.TheofficialwebsiteoftheBritishMuseum.B.ThemapwithcolorplansandvisitorinformationoftheBritishMuseum.C.AleafletdistributedonthestreetsneartheBritishMuseum.D.ThenoticeboardattheentranceoftheBritishMuseum.41.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutaccesstotheMuseum?A.Wheelchairscanbeborrowedandbookedinadvancewithadeposit.B.Somemajortemporaryexhibitionsdon’tprovidelargeprintinformationbutaudiodescriptionisavailable.C.TheMuseumprovidescuratorial-ledhandlingsessionsforblindandpartially-sightedvisitorsifrequired.D.Visitorscanborrowamultimediaguideandasoundenhancementsystemisavailabletosupportsign-interpretedtours.42.IfafamilywithtwoadultsandthreeteenagersfromtheUnitedStateswanttotakepartinthefamilyactivitiesoftheMuseum,theyshouldpayattentiontothefollowinginformationEXCEPTonemisleadingpiecethat__________.A.theMuseumisclosedatChristmasandonNewYear’sDayandGoodFridaybutnotonschoolholidaysB.familiesareallowedtotouchtheselectedobjectsattheHands-OndesksintheMuseumC.teenagerscansketchwithpencilandtakephotosinselectedgalleriesfortheirschoolworkD.all