2025-2026学年四川省部分学校高三上学期一轮复习第一次调研考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1四川省部分学校2025-2026学年高三上学期一轮复习第一次调研考试英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whodidthemangototheexhibitionwith?A.Hisfamily. B.Hisclassmates. C.Hisneighbors.【答案】C【原文】M:Hi,Sarah.Iwenttoanartexhibitionyesterday!W:Didyougowithyourfamily?Orwasitaclasstrip?M:Neither.MyfriendPaul,wholivesnextdoor,askedmetogowithhimandhisfamily.2.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.￥3,950. B.￥4,500. C.￥4,550.【答案】C【原文】M:I’dliketobuyacomputerwithapricerangingfrom3,500to5,000yuan.W:Well,wehaveaseriesofcomputersthatvaryinprice.Howaboutthisone?It’sourbest-sellingproduct.450yuanlessthanthehighestamountyou’rewillingtospend.M:OK.Iwilltakeit.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Howtopreparemeals. B.Howtorelievepressure. C.Howtokeepfit.【答案】B【原文】W:Mygrandmotherwasilllastweek,andthisweekIhaveanimportantexam.I’mstressedout.Howdoyoustaycalmattimeslikethis?M:Well,Ioftentakeuprunningorhikingduringthestressfulmoments.Ithelpsmeclearmymind.W:Thanks,that’snotabadidea.4.Whatdidthemandoattheweekend?A.Hewatchedafilm. B.Hehadapicnic. C.Hemetamoviestar.【答案】A【原文】W:Hey,Jack,howwasyourweekend?M:Itcouldhavebeenmuchbetterifithadn’trained.W:Oh,whatapity.Soyoudidn’tgoforapicnicasplanned?M:No.Insteadwesawanewly-releasedmovie.Itwassupposedtobeentertaining,butitturnedouttobequitedull.5.Whydoesthemancometothewoman?A.Toseekhelp. B.Topromoteproducts. C.Toaskforpermission.【答案】A【原文】M:Excuseme,wherecanIfindthemanager?W:Gostraighttotheendofthehallwayandthenturnright.You’llseethemeetingroomontheleft.Themanageristhereinterviewingsomejobapplicants.Areyouherefortheinterviewtoo?M:Yes,I’mreallyinterestedintheposition.W:Goodluckthen.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6.Wheredoestheconversationmostlikelytakeplace?A.Atatrafficstation. B.Atacarservicecenter. C.Inashoppingmall.7.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Waitforherturn. B.Haveanoilchange. C.Drivetothetown.【答案】6.B7.A【原文】W:Hi,Ihaveanappointmentforcarmaintenance.MynameisMonica.M:I’msorry,Ms.Monica,butwe’reprettybusynow.Wemightnotbeabletogettoyourcaruntiltheearlyevening.Wouldyouliketoputitofftotomorrowmorningifyoudon’twanttowaitthatlong?W:Oh,I’mgoingoutoftownthen.Driving,actually.That’swhyIscheduledmyappointmentforthisafternoon.Isthereanythingyoucandotospeeduptheprocess?M:Letmesee...Ourrecordssayyoudon’treallyneedanoilchangeyet.Thatmeanswecangetthejobdonemorequickly.W:Thatsoundsgood.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。8.Whydoesthewomanwanttocancelthevisit?A.Sheisstuckinatrafficjam.B.Shehasdifficultygettingthere.C.Shewillattendthemarathon.9.Whatisthecancellationpolicyofthemuseum?A.Mostcancellationsarefreeofcharge.B.Partialmoneybackforexhibitcancellation.C.Fullmoneybackiftheexhibitiscancelled.10.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodoatlast?A.Reschedulethevisit. B.Attendanotherevent. C.Getamembershipcard.【答案】8.B9.C10.C【原文】W:Hello.IpurchasedticketsonlineforyourexhibitthisSaturday,butthemarathonheldinthecitycenterwillcausetransportationdifficulties.Itwillbehardformetogettothemuseum.HowcanIcancelthevisitandgetmymoneyback?M:Accordingtothemuseum’spolicy,ifyourtravelplanschange,youmaycancelyourvisitonourbookingsystemandgetyourentrancefeeback.Butacancellationfeewillbechargedinmostcases,unlessyouareexperiencingasignificantschedulechangeoranexhibitioncancellation.W:CouldIchangethetickets?M:Yes,youcandothatontheofficialwebsite.Actually,ifyouplantovisitmoretimesinthenearfuture,amembership,especiallytheVIPcard,wouldbringbigcostsavingforyou.W:Oh,Ihavetoomanyfinancialburdensatthemoment.MaybeinthefutureI’llconsiderit.Thanksforyoursuggestionthough.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。11.WhatistherelationshipbetweenLisaandTom?A.Teacherandstudent. B.Strangers. C.Colleagues.12.WhatcanweknowaboutMaplewoodDramaClub?A.Itisnewly-established.B.Ithaschildrenmembers.C.Itfeatureshistoricalplays.13.Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A.Intwoweeks. B.Inthreeweeks. C.Infourweeks.【答案】11.C12.B13.A【原文】M:Hi,thisisJohnSmithspeaking.W:Hi,I’mLisaWhite.I’vejustmovedhereandI’minterestedinjoiningadramaclub.IheardaboutyourclubfromTomGreen.Iworkwithhimandhementionedyou’retheleaderofMaplewoodDramaClub.CanIlearnmoreabouttheclub?M:Yes,ourclubbeganin1957.Wecurrentlyhavearound60members.Ouryoungestmemberis10yearsold,andouroldestis78.Bytheway,tellmeabitaboutyourself.W:Well,I’vedonesomeactingbefore.IwasinafewmusicaldramaswhenIwasincollegeandahistoricalplaymorerecently.M:Wemostlyperformcomedyplays.Ouraudiencereallyenjoysthem.W:Oh,canIgoforaninterview?M:Yes,wejusthadatryoutlastTuesday.We’llhavemoreopportunitiesatournextclubmeeting,whichisintwoweeks.Therewillbeanotherchancetwoweeksafterthat.W:Alright,Icancometoyournextclubmeeting.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。14.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Makingacampussurvey.B.Hostingaradioprogram.C.Conductingajobinterview.15.WhydidthemandecidetostudyatGramwellUniversity?A.Itisnearwherehegrewup.B.Hisparentsadvisedhimtogothere.C.Itoffersanexcellentcourseinhissubject.16.Whatdoesthemansayabouthislawstudy?A.Itisworthstudyinghard.B.Itmakeshimfeelstressed.C.It’slesschallengingthanitusedtobe.17.Whatistheman’sadviceforstudents?A.Addressingchallengesbravely.B.Communicatingwithteachersactively.C.Learningtobalancestudyandpart-timejobs.【答案】14.B15.C16.A17.B【原文】W:Hello,Mark,thankyouforbeingheretoshareyourexperienceofstudyingatGramwellUniversity.I’msuremanyofourlistenerswillthinkofapplyingnextyear.M:Thanks,it’smypleasure.W:Firstofall,whydidyouchooseGramwellUniversity?M:IwantedtogotoadifferentcityandGramwellisreallyoneofthebestplacestostudylawnationwide,soIwentforitandmyparentssupportedme.W:Andwhat’sitlike,studyinglaw?M:PeopletoldmebeforeIwouldfinditverystressfulinitially.Ithasn’tbeentoobad,though—I’vereallyenjoyedthechallenge.Themoreyouputin,thebetteryoudo.W:Doyouhaveapart-timejob?M:Yes,Ishareaflatwithothers,andIneedtopaytherent.W:Andfinally,whatareyourteacherslike?Aretheyhelpful?M:ImustadmitIwasabitscaredofthemwhenIfirstarrived.Butafterchattingwiththem,Ifoundmostoftheteachersenjoygettingtoknowtheirstudents.AndIalsobenefitalotfromtheirvaluableinsights.So,Irecommendstudentshavemoreandeffectivecommunicationwiththeirteachers.W:Thankyou,Mark.Goodluckwithyourstudies!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.Whatisexpectedofthewildlifesession?A.Instructiveandinspiring.B.Adventurous

andeco-friendly.C.Personalizedandprofessional.19.Whichactivityisdesignedtoenrichstudents’experience?A.Variousworkshops. B.Outdoorsurvivaltraining. C.Campfireparties.20.Whatisthepurposeofthespeaker’stalk?A.Tosumupcamphighlights.B.Topromoteasummerevent.C.Toannouncethesummervacation.【答案】18.A19.C20.B【原文】Dearstudents!WeareexcitedtoinviteyoutoourupcomingSummerCamp,auniqueopportunitytoexplore,learn,andmakeunforgettablememories.Thethemeforthisyearis“NatureandDiscovery”,focusingonoutdooractivitiesandenvironmentalawareness.ThecampwillrunfromJuly15thtoJuly30thatthebeautifulGreenValleyResort.Camperswillengageinhiking,camping,andworkshopsdesignedtoenhanceleadershipandsurvivalskills.Notably,ourprogramincludesaspecialsessiononwildlifeconservation,ledbylocalexperts,whichpromisestobebotheducationalandinspiring.Toensurearichanddiverseexperience,wehaveplannedinteractivegames,creativechallengesandnightlycampfirepartieswherestoriesandsongswillbringuscloser.PleasesubmityourapplicationbyMay30thtosecureyourspot.Moredetailsandtheapplicationformcanbefoundonourschoolwebsite.Welookforwardtoanexcitingsummerfilledwithadventureandnewfriendships.Don’tmissoutonthischancetogrowandhavefuninthegreatoutdoors!第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A2026SteelDesignCompetitionAdministeredbytheAssociationofCollegeSchoolsofArchitecture(ACSA)andsponsoredbytheAmericanInstituteofSteelConstruction(AISC),thecompetitionisintendedtochallengearchitecturestudentstoexploreavarietyofdesignissuesrelatedtotheuseofsteelindesignandconstruction.Tenwinningsubmissionswillberecognizedandexhibitedatthe2027ACSAAnnualMeeting.Andthetenwinnerswillreceive$1,000cashprizesrespectively.Thecompetitionwillofferstudentstheopportunitytocompeteintwoseparatecategories:CategoryI:CommunityDanceCenterDesignaCommunityDanceCenterinanareaofyourchoice.Studentsareinvitedtosubmitdesignproposalsthataddresshowthisprogramcancontributetothecommunityasamoreessentialpartofthesocialfabric.CategoryII:OpenThiscompetitioncategoryoffersstudentstheopportunitytoselectasiteandbuildingprogramusingsteelastheprimarymaterial.ItpermitsanybuildingtypeotherthanaCommunityDanceCenter.Eachcategorywillselectfivewinningprojects.Rules·EntrieswillbeacceptedforindividualsaswellasteamsfromACSAMemberSchools.Teamsmustbelimitedtoamaximumoffivestudents.·Steelmustbeusedastheprimarystructuralmaterial.Designproposalsmustcontainatleastonespace/elementthatrequireslong-span(大跨度的)steelstructure,withspecialemphasisplacedoninnovationinsteeldesign.·StudentschoosingtouseAIasatoolmuststatethisuseintheirdesignessay.Studentsarerequiredtouseitresponsibly,whichincludesreviewingtheoutputsofanyAItoolsandconfirmingcontentaccuracy.SubmissionRequirementsThefinalentriessubmittedbythestudentsmustbeuploadedthroughtheACSACompetitionwebsiteatbeforeJune3,2026.Studentsorteamswishingtoenterthecompetitionmusthaveasupervisor,whoshouldcompletetheonlineregistrationbyApril8,2026.Thefinalsubmissionuploadmustcontain:designdrawings;adesignessayandaprogramsummarytextofspacesandareas.Thenamesofstudentparticipants,theirschoolsandsupervisorsmustNOTappearontheessay,programsummary,orinthefilename.21.Whatdoweknowaboutthe2026SteelDesignCompetition?A.ItisopentoarchitectsintheUS.B.ItisfinanciallysupportedbyACSA.C.Thecashprizesare$10,000intotal.D.WinnerswillattendACSAAnnualMeeting.22.WhatmainlydistinguishesCategoryIIfromCategoryI?A.Thelimitationofbuildingsites. B.Theflexibilityofbuildingtype.C.Therequirementofdesignfeatures. D.Thediversityofdesignproposals.23.Whataretheparticipantsrequiredtodo?A.Co-designtheworkswithaschoolmate.B.Attachapersonalprofiletothesubmission.C.SummarizedesignproposalswithoutAItools.D.Invitetheirsupervisorstofinishtheregistration.【答案】21.C22.B23.D【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了由美国大学建筑学院协会主办的2026年钢铁设计竞赛。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Tenwinningsubmissionswillberecognizedandexhibitedatthe2027ACSAAnnualMeeting.Andthetenwinnerswillreceive$1,000cashprizesrespectively.(十份获奖作品将获得认可，并在2027年ACSA年会上展出。十位获奖者将分别获得1,000美元现金奖励)”可知，10个获奖作品将在2027年ACSA年会上表彰和展出。10名获奖者将分别获得1,000美元的现金奖励。所以该比赛的奖金总额为10,000美元。故选C项。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据CategoryII说明中“Thiscompetitioncategoryoffersstudentstheopportunitytoselectasiteandbuildingprogramusingsteelastheprimarymaterial.ItpermitsanybuildingtypeotherthanaCommunityDanceCenter.(该竞赛类别为学生提供了选择场地和建筑项目的机会，要求以钢材为主要材料。除社区舞蹈中心外，允许选择任何建筑类型)”可知，CategoryII允许参赛者自由选择除社区舞蹈中心外的任何建筑类型，这体现了其在建筑类型上的灵活性。而CategoryI明确限定为“DesignaCommunityDanceCenter(社区舞蹈中心)”，二者主要区别在于建筑类型的选择范围。故选B项。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据SubmissionRequirements部分中“Studentsorteamswishingtoenterthecompetitionmusthaveasupervisor,whoshouldcompletetheonlineregistrationbyApril8,2026.

(希望参加竞赛的学生或团队必须有一名指导老师，该老师应在2026年4月8日前完成在线注册)”可知，参加比赛的学生或团队必须有一名导师，并由导师在2026年4月8日之前完成在线注册。故选D项。BAworriedmothersitsonthecouchinmyoffice.Her15-year-oldson’sgradeshavestartedtodrop.“Theonlythingheseemstocareaboutisthewrestlingteam,”shetellsme.“He’llwakeupat5a.m.totrain,butheisn’tdoinghishomework.MyhusbandandIarethinkingweshouldtakehimofftheteamuntilhisgradesturnaround.”Asbothaneducatorandtheparentofthreekids,IcertainlyunderstandthisthoughtforIhaveheardmanyversionsofthisconversationoverthepast30years.Whenachildencountersdifficulty,it’scommonforparentstofeelliketheydon’thaveenoughsolutions.Yetmyexperienceworkingwithchildren,alongwithplentyofresearchontoughness,hastaughtmeavaluablelesson:Whenakidisfallingshort,punishingthembytakingawaythethingtheycaremostaboutisnotthewaytomotivatethem.Raisinghumansisanimperfectprocess.Thecurrentparentinglandscape—formanyfamilies—isdefinedbyanever-presentworryoverachievement.Someparents’eyesmaygofirsttothelowestgradeonthereportcard.Andthentheymightnaturallypreparetohiretutorsorhelpkidsdevelopnewstudyhabitstocorrecttheperceivedweakness.Yetdecadesofresearchhaveshownthatakeytoraisingcapableyoungpeopleisn’ttotargettheirstruggles.It’storecognizeandbuildontheirstrengths—toidentifywhatexpertsinchilddevelopmentcall“islandsofcompetence”.Thattermsuggeststhateverychildpossessesdistinctareasofability,anditiseducators’andparents’jobtohelpdevelopandcelebratethosegifts.Whenyoungpeopleexperiencetheexcitementofbeingstrongandcapable—asanartist,anathlete,aleader,orafriend—theyarebetterequippedtoperseverethroughobstaclesinotherareasoftheirlife.Byidentifyingandprotectingtheir“islands”,weshowthemawaytodeepentheirownpotential.Tocorrectbehaviorthroughaffirmingandappreciatingourchildren’sstrengthsandtalentsmaynotbemanyparents’commonpractice.Butit’sreallyacompetenceworthdevelopinginourselves.24.Howdoestheauthorfeelabouttheworriedmother’ssolution?A.Familiarbutinadvisable. B.Shockedandconfused.C.Unexpectedbutsatisfied. D.Understandableandpleased.25.Whatisthecurrentparentinglandscapeaccordingtotheauthor?A.Pursuingperfecthumanity. B.Focusingonchildren’sweaknesses.C.Prioritizinginterestsoveracademics. D.Comparingchildren’sreportcards.26.Whatdoestheterm“islandsofcompetence”referto?A.Strategiesthatenhancestudies. B.Teststhatassessachild’scapabilities.C.Areaswherekidsshownaturaltalent. D.Placeswherechildrenformlearninghabits.27.Whatisthemainpurposeofthearticle?A.Tocriticizeirresponsibleparents. B.Tostressthepowerofperseverance.C.Tointroduceaneweducationalmode. D.Toargueforstrength-basedmotivation.【答案】24.A25.B26.C27.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章指出家长以取消孩子热衷的摔跤训练作为对其成绩差的惩罚实为错误的激励方式。研究指出，苛责孩子的短板无效，应聚焦“能力岛”——发掘并培养其优势领域，进而推动其全面成长。【24题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Asbothaneducatorandtheparentofthreekids,IcertainlyunderstandthisthoughtforIhaveheardmanyversionsofthisconversationoverthepast30years.Whenachildencountersdifficulty,it’scommonforparentstofeelliketheydon’thaveenoughsolutions.Yetmyexperienceworkingwithchildren,alongwithplentyofresearchontoughness,hastaughtmeavaluablelesson:Whenakidisfallingshort,punishingthembytakingawaythethingtheycaremostaboutisnotthewaytomotivatethem.(作为一名教育工作者和三个孩子的父母，我当然理解这种想法，因为在过去的30年里，我听过很多这种对话的版本。当孩子遇到困难时，父母通常会觉得他们没有足够的解决方案。然而，我与孩子相处的经验，以及大量关于韧性的研究，教会了我一个宝贵的教训：当孩子做不到时，通过拿走他们最关心的东西来惩罚他们，并不是激励他们的方式)”可知，作者认为这位母亲的做法他很熟悉，但是认为不明智。故选A项。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thecurrentparentinglandscape—formanyfamilies—isdefinedbyanever-presentworryoverachievement.Someparents’eyesmaygofirsttothelowestgradeonthereportcard.Andthentheymightnaturallypreparetohiretutorsorhelpkidsdevelopnewstudyhabitstocorrecttheperceivedweakness.(对许多家庭来说，当前的育儿环境是由对成就的担忧所决定的。一些家长的目光可能首先投向成绩单上的最低分。然后，他们可能会自然地准备聘请导师或帮助孩子培养新的学习习惯，以纠正察觉到的弱点)”可知，目前很多家庭更多地关注孩子的不足和弱点（如成绩单上的最低分），而非他们的优势。故选B项。【26题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“It’storecognizeandbuildontheirstrengths—toidentifywhatexpertsinchilddevelopmentcall“islandsofcompetence”.(这是为了认识并建立他们的优势——确定儿童发展专家所说的“islandsofcompetence”)”以及第四段“Thattermsuggeststhateverychildpossessesdistinctareasofability,anditiseducators’andparents’jobtohelpdevelopandcelebratethosegifts.(这个词表明，每个孩子都有不同的能力领域，教育工作者和父母的工作是帮助开发和赞美这些天赋)”可知，“islandsofcompetence”这个术语表明每个孩子都拥有独特的能力领域，由此可知，“islandsofcompetence”指的是孩子们表现出天赋的领域。故选C项。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Tocorrectbehaviorthroughaffirmingandappreciatingourchildren’sstrengthsandtalentsmaynotbemanyparents’commonpractice.Butit’sreallyacompetenceworthdevelopinginourselves.(通过肯定和欣赏孩子的长处和才能来纠正孩子的行为，可能不是很多父母的常见做法。但这确实是一种值得我们培养的能力)”以及纵观全文可知，作者通过结合自己的工作经验和相关研究分析育儿误区，强调应识别并培养孩子的优势，以此激励并推动他们全面成长。故选D项。CYellowstone’swolvesarehelpinganewgenerationofyoungaspen(山杨)treestogrowtallandjointheforest—thefirstnewgenerationofsuchtreesinYellowstone’snorthernrangein80years.GraywolveshaddisappearedfromYellowstoneNationalParkby1930followingextensivehabitatloss,humanhuntingandgovernmentwolf-killingprograms.Withoutthesewolves,populationsofdeergrewquickly.Attheirpeakpopulation,anestimated18,000deerrangedacrossthepark,livingongrassesaswellastheleavesoftreeslikeaspen.Thispreventedyoungtreesfromestablishingthemselves,andsurveysinthe1990sfoundnoyoungaspentrees.Butwhenwolveswerereintroducedin1995,thepicturebegantochange.Aswolfnumbersrose,thedeerpopulationintheparkdroppedsharply,anditisnowdowntoabout2,000.Inthenewstudy,publishedinthejournalForestEcologyandManagement,LukePainterandhiscolleaguesfromOregonStateUniversitysurveyedaspenstands.“We’reseeingsignificantnewgrowthofyoungaspenandthisisthefirsttimethatwe’vefounditinourplotssincethe1940s,”Paintersaid.However,whileYellowstone’saspenarerecovering,theyaren’toutofthewoodsjustyet.Thedeerpopulationhasdeclined,butbison(野牛)numbershaveincreasedinrecentyears.Bisonarealotharderforwolvestotakedown,saidPainter,soincreasingnumbersofbisonmaybeemergingasanewrestrictiononaspeninsomeareas.There-emergenceofaspenhaswidespreadeffects,Paintersaid.“Aspenareakeyspeciesforbiodiversity.Theaspentreesletmoresunlightthroughtheirleaves,whichcreatesahabitatthatsupportsalotofdiversityofplants.”“ThepapershowstheimportantecologicalbenefitsoccurringfromtherestorationofwolvestoYellowstoneNationalPark,”DominickSpracklen,aprofessorattheUniversityofLeeds,said.“Ecosystemsthatlacklargecarnivores(食肉动物)areoftenincreasinglyoutofbalance.Whilereintroducingcarnivoresraisesimportantchallengesaroundhuman-wildlifecoexistence,thisworkbringsthesignificantecologicalbenefitsinthelongrun.”28.WhatcanbeinferredaboutYellowstoneParkbefore1930accordingtothetext?A.Deerpopulationreacheditspeak.B.Humanactivitiesslightlyaffectedwolves.C.Bisonwerethemainspeciesinthepark.D.Graywolvesexistedwithdeerthere.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph4mean?A.Theaspentreesaretooyoungtomakeaforest.B.Theaspentreescannotgetridofsurvivalthreat.C.Othertreespeciesmayholdbackaspen’srecovery.D.Yellowstoneisnotthebesthabitatforaspentrees.30.WhatisProfessorSpracklen’sattitudetowardcarnivorerestorationinecosystems?A.Favorable. B.Skeptical. C.Disapproving. D.Worried.31.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheHistoryofGraywolvesinYellowstoneB.TheReturnofGraywolvesRevivesAspenTreesC.TheChallengesofHuman-WildlifeCoexistenceGrowD.TheRestorationofLargeCarnivoresinNationalParks【答案】28.D29.B30.A31.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了黄石公园中灰狼群的重新引入如何帮助山杨树恢复生长，并强调了恢复大型食肉动物对生态系统平衡的重要生态效益。【28题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“GraywolveshaddisappearedfromYellowstoneNationalParkby1930followingextensivehabitatloss,humanhuntingandgovernmentwolf-killingprograms.Withoutthesewolves,populationsofdeergrewquickly.(由于栖息地大量丧失、人类捕猎和政府的灭狼计划，灰狼在1930年从黄石国家公园消失。没有了这些狼，鹿的数量迅速增长。)”可知，1930年前灰狼尚未消失，那时灰狼和鹿是共存的。故选D项。【29题详析】词句猜测题。根据第四段“However,whileYellowstone’saspenarerecovering,theyaren’toutofthewoodsjustyet.Thedeerpopulationhasdeclined,butbison(野牛)numbershaveincreasedinrecentyears.Bisonarealotharderforwolvestotakedown,saidPainter,soincreasingnumbersofbisonmaybeemergingasanewrestrictiononaspeninsomeareas.(然而，尽管黄石公园的山杨正在恢复，但theyaren’toutofthewoodsjustyet。鹿的数量有所减少，不过近年来野牛的数量却在增加。潘特（Painter）表示，野牛对狼群来说要难对付得多，因此在部分区域，不断增多的野牛可能正逐渐成为山杨生长的新制约因素。)”可知，“theyaren’toutofthewoods”指山杨仍面临野牛带来的新威胁，即“无法摆脱生存威胁”。故选B项。【30题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段““ThepapershowstheimportantecologicalbenefitsoccurringfromtherestorationofwolvestoYellowstoneNationalPark,”DominickSpracklen,aprofessorattheUniversityofLeeds,said.“Ecosystemsthatlacklargecarnivores(食肉动物)areoftenincreasinglyoutofbalance.Whilereintroducingcarnivoresraisesimportantchallengesaroundhuman-wildlifecoexistence,thisworkbringsthesignificantecologicalbenefitsinthelongrun.”(利兹大学教授多米尼克・斯普拉克伦（DominickSpracklen）表示：“该研究论文表明，黄石国家公园重新引入狼群后，产生了重要的生态效益。缺乏大型食肉动物的生态系统，往往会越来越失衡。尽管重新引入食肉动物会给人兽共存带来重大挑战，但从长远来看，这项举措能带来显著的生态效益。”)”可知，斯普拉克伦教授认可食肉动物恢复带来的生态效益，态度是“支持的”。故选A项。【31题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文特别是第一段“Yellowstone’swolvesarehelpinganewgenerationofyoungaspen(山杨)treestogrowtallandjointheforest——thefirstnewgenerationofsuchtreesinYellowstone’snorthernrangein80years.(黄石公园的狼群正助力新一代山杨幼苗长得高大，并融入森林——这是80年来黄石公园北部区域首批这样的新一代山杨树。)”可知，文章开篇点明“黄石的狼帮助新一代山杨生长”，接着介绍1930年狼消失后山杨因鹿过量而无法生长，1995年狼回归后鹿减少、山杨恢复，还提及山杨面临的新威胁及狼回归的生态意义，核心是“灰狼回归促进山杨复苏”。故选B项。DFightingfiresusuallyuseswaterorfoam,butthesecanmakeamessandharmthesurroundings.Toaddressthis,engineersatOhioStateUniversityhavenowmadehandheldtoolsthatputoutfirescleanlywith“ionic(离子的)wind”andvortex(涡流)rings.Ifyou’veeverblownoutabirthdaycandle,you’llknowthataquickburstofaircanbeenoughtoputoutaflame.Itworksbyseparatingtheheatfromthefuelsoitcan’tstartagain.Butblowingonacampfiredoesn’thelp—it’stoobig,andyoujustaddoxygen.Thenewdeviceislikeabiggerversionofthebirthdaycandletrick.First,itshootsavortexringofairthatcreateswildairflowtosplitheatandfuel.Atthesametime,thevortexcarriestinyconductiveparticles(导电颗粒)thationizetheairandmakeevenmorevortex.Inpractice,firefighterswouldaimthishandheldtoolatafireandshootthese“ionicwind”ringstoputitout.Thatwouldalsoreducetheexpenseandcleanup.“Usingionicwindandvortexringtechnology,wefoundamoreefficientwaytosolveanenvironmentalproblemthatwillimprovelives,”leadresearcherJohnLaroccosaid.Oneofthebiggestadvantagesofthisdeviceisthatitallowsfirefighterstoputoutflamesfromasaferdistance,reducingtheriskofinjury.Sincevortexringscancarrychemicalsoverlongdistances,firefighterswouldn’tneedtogetdangerouslyclosetofires.Muchmoreworkstillneedstobedone,however.Foronething,thedevicesweretestedongroupsofcandles,whicharen’tlikerealhouseorforestfires.Testingthemagainstmorerealisticfiresisapriorityforfutureexperiments.Still,theteamthinksthistechnologycouldreallyworkintherealworld.Theresearchersalsobelievethisdevicecouldbeimprovedwithsmartsensorsandimageanalysis,makingitmorepreciseindetectingdifferenttypesoffires.Beyondfirefighting,thistechnologycouldhavefutureapplicationsinaerospaceandindustrialsafety.32.WhydidengineersatOhioStateUniversityinventthenewhandheldtools?A.Totakefulladvantageofwaterandfoam. B.Toenhancefirefighters’professionalskills.C.Toabandontraditionalfirefightingmethods. D.Toreducetherescuedamagetotheenvironment.33.Whatdoestheauthortrytoillustratebymentioningthebirthdaycandleinparagraph2?A.Theprincipleofputtingoutaflamebyair.B.Theefficientwaytoblowoutabirthdaycandle.C.Thedifferencebetweenasmallflameandacampfire.D.Thereasonwhyblowingonacampfiredoesn’twork.34.Whycanthenewdevicelowertheriskofinjuries?A.Itcreatesstrongerwindthanothertools. B.Itabsorbsharmfulsubstancesinthesmoke.C.Itenablesuserstostayfartherfromthefire. D.Itallowsfirementoavoidusingchemicals.35.Whatistheresearchers’expectationforthenewdevice?A.Itwillpreventalltypesoffire. B.Itwillreformtheaerospaceindustry.C.Itwillbemoreintelligentandaccurate. D.Itwillbewidelyusedbyordinarypeople.【答案】32.D33.A34.C35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员发明了一种新型灭火工具。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据“Fightingfiresusuallyuseswaterorfoam,butthesecanmakeamessandharmthesurroundings.Toaddressthis,engineersatOhioStateUniversityhavenowmadehandheldtoolsthatputoutfirescleanlywith“ionic(离子的)wind”andvortex(涡流)rings.(灭火通常会使用水或泡沫，但这些方法可能会造成混乱并对周围环境造成损害。为了解决这个问题，俄亥俄州立大学的工程师们现在研制出了手持式工具，它们利用“离子风”和涡旋环来干净地扑灭火灾。)”可知，文章第一段提到传统灭火方式会造成混乱并破坏周围环境，为解决这一问题，工程师们制造出一种新型手持工具。故选D。【33题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Ifyou’veeverblownoutabirthdaycandle,you’llknowthataquickburstofaircanbeenoughtoputoutaflame.Itworksbyseparatingtheheatfromthefuelsoitcan’tstartagain.Butblowingonacampfiredoesn’thelp—it’stoobig,andyoujustaddoxygen.(如果你曾经吹灭过生日蜡烛，你就会知道，一股快速吹出的气流就足以扑灭火焰。其原理是将热量与燃料分离开来，这样火焰就无法再次燃烧了。但对着篝火吹气却没什么效果——篝火太大了，你这样做只会增加氧气的供应。)”可知，作者提及生日蜡烛意在说明通过空气扑灭火焰的原理。故选A。【34题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Oneofthebig