【英语】-八年级英语下册语法填空章节知识点总结及练习测试题

【英语】八年级英语下册语法填空章节知识点总结及练习测试题一、八年级英语下册语法填空专项练习（含答案解析）1．语法填空

Longlongago,therewasasmallvillageintheMiddleEast.Inthevillagetherewasanoldman________（call）Sthira.Helivedbyhimself.Hisonlysonhadgonefarawaytostudy.Sthirafriends________（wonder）whetherhissonwouldreturn,________Sthiraalwayssaid,"Whateverhappens,happensforgood."

Onedaytheoldman'ssonreturnedandthevillagerswereveryhappyforSthira.Hethankedthevillagersandsaid________（polite）,"Whateverhappens,happensforgood."However,laterSthira,ssonbrokehis________Onceagainthevillagerscametovisithimandonceagaintheoldmanthanked________（they）andsaid,"Whateverhappens,happensforgood."Someofthevillagersweresurprised________（hear）this.Why?Whatwasgood?Hisson'sleggotbadlyhurt!

Afterafewdays,thearmycametothevillageandforcedalltheyoungmen________（join）thearmy.Whentheyfoundhissonhada________（break）leg,theylefthimbehind.Onceagain,allthevillagerscametocongratulatehimonhis________luck.Likealways,theoldmanwasstillthankfultothemandsaid,"Whateverhappens,happensforgood."【答案】called；wondered；but；politely；leg；them；tohear；tojoin；broken；good【解析】【分析】主要讲了中东地区的一个叫做Sthira的老人总认为无论发生什么，都是好事。（1）句意：在一个村庄里有一个叫做Sthira的老人。句子已经有谓语was，man和call间表示被动，所以用动词过去分词做man的定语，call的过去分词是called，故填called。（2）句意：Sthira的朋友想知道是否他的儿子将回来。时态是一般过去时，所以用wonder的过去式wondered，故填wondered。（3）句意：但是Sthira总是说“无论发生什么，都是好事”。前后句表示转折，所以用but，但是，故填but。（4）句意：他感谢了村民，并且礼貌地说“无论发生什么，都是好事”。副词修饰实义动词，said是实义动词，所以用形容词polite的副词politely，礼貌地，故填politely。（5）句意：然而，之后Sthira的儿子摔断了他的腿。根据后文Hisson'sleggotbadlyhurt!他儿子的腿严重受伤，可知摔断的是一根腿，故填leg。（6）句意：老人再次感谢了他们，说：“无论发生什么，都是好事”。thanked，感谢，及物动词，后面用宾格，主格they的宾格是them，他们，故填them。（7）句意：一些村民听到这个很惊讶。be+形容词+todosth.做某事怎样，固定搭配，故填tohear。（8）句意：几天后，军队来到村子里，强迫所有的年轻人参军。forcesb.todosth.强迫某人做某事，固定搭配，故填tojoin。（9）句意：当他们发现他的儿子有一根腿断了时，他们把他留下了。形容词修饰名词，leg是名词，所以用动词break的形容词broken，摔断的，故填broken。（10）句意：所有的村民来庆祝他的好运。老人的运气是好的，形容词修饰名词，luck是名词，所以用形容词good，好的，故填good。【点评】考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。2．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式（最多限填3个单词）。

Doyouknowourtown?It'sverybig.Therearethreegreatclothes________

there.TrendyClothesisthebiggest________

allIthasthebestservice（服务）andalwaysmakesyou________

（feel）athomewhenshopping.GoodTimes________

quitegreat,too.Youcanalwaysbuythenewestclothesthere.Andithas________

（comfortable）seatsforyoutositon.Mr.Cool'shasthemostideaswhen________

（sell）clothes.Sometimestheyinvitesomefamoussingerstosing________

andgiveinterestingshows.Sothestoreisalways________

ofpeople.Whichstoreis________

（good）?Youmayaskthisquestion.Itis________

（real）difficulttoanswerbecauseeachstorehasitsspecials.【答案】stores；of；feel；is；themostcomfortable；selling；songs；full；thebest；really【解析】【分析】本文介绍了作者小镇上的几家店铺。（1）句意：那里有三家很棒的服装店。根据TrendyClothes可知store商店，基数词three后是名词复数，故填stores。（2）句意：时尚服装店是最大的，它有最好的服务，总是让你在购物时有宾至如归的感觉。ofall，固定搭配，所有的，故填of。（3）句意：时尚服装店是最大的，它有最好的服务，总是让你在购物时有宾至如归的感觉。makesb+动词原形，是某人……，故此处是动词原形，故填feel。（4）句意：好时光也很美好。great是形容词，此处缺少系动词be，是，主语是GoodTimes

第三人称单数，全文是一般现在时，故be用is，故填is。（5）句意：它有最舒适的座位供你坐。根据thenewestclothesthere.And可知and前后都是最高级，seats是名词其前是形容词，comfortable是形容词，最高级是mostcomfortable，其前有定冠词the，故填themostcomfortable。（6）句意：酷先生卖衣服的主意最多。句子中用谓语has，故此处是非谓语动词，sell主语是主动故选，故用现在分词形式，故填selling。（7）句意：有时他们会邀请一些著名的歌手来唱歌，表演有趣的节目。sing

song，固定搭配，唱歌，表示泛指用名词复数，故填songs。（8）句意：所以店里总是挤满了人。be

fullof，固定搭配，挤满了，故填full。（9）句意：哪家商店最好？前文提到的三家服装店，故此处是最高级，good的最高级是best，最后的，其前有定冠词the，故填thebest。（10）句意：这很难回答，因为每个商店都有自己的特色菜。副词修饰形容词difficult，real是形容词，really是副词，故填really。【点评】考查语法填空，注意谓语的非谓语动词，词性，最高级搭配等多种用法。3．语法填空

NewYork,London,Parisandotherbigcitiesareexcitingplaces________（live）in.Therearemanyinterestingthingstoseeandtodo.Youcangotodifferent________（kind）ofmuseums,playsandfilms.Youcan________buythingsallovertheworld.

________thereareseriousproblemsinbigcitiestoo.________isexpensivetolivethere,andtherearemanypeopleinsomeplacesofbigcities.Everyyearmanypeoplemovetothecitiestofindjobs,tostudyatgoodschoolsandreceivegood________（medicine）care.Butsometimesthesepeoplecannotfindwork________goodplacestolivein.Alsoitishardtokeepthecitiessafeandclean.

Somepeopleenjoy________（live）inbigcities;________（other）donot.________theymovetoabigcity,theyshouldthinkabouttheproblemsoflivingthere.【答案】tolive；kinds；also；But；It；medical；or；living；others；Before【解析】【分析】本文介绍了在大城市生活的优势和缺点。（1）句意：纽约、伦敦、巴黎和其他大城市都是令人兴奋的可以居住的地方。不定式做后置定语，故填tolive。（2）句意：你可以去不同种类的博物馆、戏剧和电影。different后是名词复数，kind是名词，故填kinds。（3）句意：你可以买到世界各地的东西。此处是副词修饰动词buy，表示并列关系，位于句中，故是also，也，故填also。（4）句意：

但是大城市也有严重的问题。此处是转折关系，故用转折连词but，表示对比大城市的好和问题，故填But。（5）句意：住在那里很贵，有很多人在大城市的某些地方。it做形式主语，tolivethere是真正的主语，故填It。（6）句意：每年都有许多人搬到城市去找工作，去好学校学习，接受良好的医疗保健。care是名词，其前是形容词，medicine是名词，medical是形容词，故填medical。（7）句意：但是有时这些人找不到工作和好地方居住。根据cannot，可知连接否定关系，表示并列用连词or，故填or。（8）句意：有些人喜欢住在大城市，有些人不喜欢。enjoydoing，固定搭配，喜欢做某事，故此处是动名词，故填living。（9）句意：有些人喜欢住在大城市，有些人不喜欢。some...others，固定搭配，一些……另一些，故填others。（10）句意：他们搬到一个大城市之前应该考虑住在那里的问题。此处是连词，引导时间状语从句，考虑住在那里的问题是在去大城市之前，故是before，连词，故填Before。【点评】考查语法填空，注意谓语的非谓语动词，词性，连词搭配等多种用法。4．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。

Manhasbeeninterestedintheouterspaceforthousandsofyears.Ithasbeenalmostoverfortyyears________

man'sfirstlanding（登陆）onthemoon.Now,somepeoplebelievethatspaceexploration（探索）isawasteoftimeandmoney.Itistruethatit________

（cost）billionsofdollarstodevelopthespaceresearch,butpeoplejustget________

littleinformation.However,everycoinhastwosides.There________（be）stillalotofotherpeoplewhobelievethatspaceexplorationhasmore________（advantage）.AndIagreewiththem.Manynewproducts,such________

weatherandcommunicationsatellites（交通卫星）,arealsoproductsofspaceprograms,andtheyaregood________

peopleallovertheworld.Andwhat'smore,people________（know）aboutsomescientificknowledgeoftheouterspacealready.

Webelievethatitwillbringmuch________（many）advantagesinthefuture,whichwecannotevenimaginenow.That'swhyseveralcountriesaretryinghard________（carry）outspaceexplorationallthetime.Let'swaitandsee.【答案】since；costs；a；are；advantages；as；for；haveknown；more；tocarry【解析】【分析】短文大意：人们对太空探索观念不一，有人说太空探索浪费时间，但有人说太空探索有优点，太空探索已经为人类带来了很多好处。（1）句意：自从人类第一次登陆月球，已经过了40年。结合句子提到hasbeen，可知用了完成时态，空缺填入since，故答案为since。（2）句意：花费数亿资金发展太空研究是对的，但是人们仅仅得到了一点信息。根据主语为it，可知谓语用单三，填入costs，故答案为costs。（3）句意：花费数亿资金发展太空研究是对的，但是人们仅仅得到了一点信息。根据短语alittle，一点点，可知空缺填入冠词a，故答案为a。（4）句意：仍然有很多人相信太空探索有更多的优点。根据空缺后面是alotofpeople，结合therebe句型就近一致原则，可知谓语用复数，填入are，故答案为are。（5）句意：仍然有很多人相信太空探索有更多的优点。根据空缺前面有more修饰，可知名词用复数，填入advantages，故答案为advantages。（6）句意：许多新产品，比如天气和交通卫星，也是太空节目的产品。根据后文提到weather和communicationsatellites，可知此处表示举例，填入as，短语suchas，例如，故答案为as。（7）句意：并且它们为全世界人口服务。根据短语begoodfor，对……好，可知空缺填入介词for。（8）句意：更多的是，人们已经知道了外太空的一些科学知识。根据此处表示完成时态，填入haveknown，故答案为haveknown。（9）句意：我们相信在未来，会带来更多的优点，我们现在无法想象。根据空缺的意义为更多的，填入many的比较级为more，故答案为more。（10）句意：那就是为什么好几个国家尝试一直执行太空探索。根据短语trytodosth，尝试做某事，可知空缺填入tocarry，短语carryout，实行，故答案为tocarry。【点评】考查语法填空，做此类题首先熟悉文章大意，联系句子前后，确定空缺单词的意义，结合语法知识，给出单词的正确形式，即可。5．阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词或词组）或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卷的相应位置。

NowmoreandmoreChineseteenagersfindlifemoredifficultwithouttheirparents.Theydon'tknowhow________（do）housework________

theirparentsalmostdoeverythingathome.Thatisabigproblem.

Joyisafourteen-year-oldgirl.Oneday,herparentswentawayonatrip,soshewasaloneathome.Atfirstshe________（think）shewouldbehappybecauseherparentswerenotin.Shecoulddowhatsheliked.Butwhenitwassixo'clockintheafternoon,shefelt________（hunger）."Oh,it'stime________（have）dinner.WherecanIgetmydinner?"shesaidto________（she）.Latershefoundsomemeatandvegetablesinthefridge,________

shedidn'tknowhowtocookthem.Atthatmoment,shemissedherparentsverymuch.Atlastshecouldonlygotothesupermarkettobuysomefoodtoeat.

Manyteenagershave________

sameproblem.SoIthinktheyshouldlearnsomelifeskills,like________（cook）,tidyinguptheirroomsordressingthemselves.Theyshouldn'tdepend________

theirparentstoomuch.【答案】todo；because；thought；hungry；tohave；herself；but；the；cooking；on【解析】【分析】文章大意：很多中国孩子小时候被娇生惯养，Joy的父母外出，留她一个人生活，但是却不能独立自主，由此引发对青少年的担忧。（1）句意：他们不知道如何完成家务。根据短语howtodosth，如何做某事，可知空缺填入todo，故答案为todo。（2）句意：因为他们的父母在家里几乎做了所以的事情。根据句子前后描述的是因果关系，正因为父母做了事情，使得孩子无事可做，空缺填入because，故答案为because。（3）句意：起初她认为她会开心因为她的父母不在。根据后文用了would，过去式，可知空缺应该填入think的过去式，为thought，故答案为thought。（4）句意：但是当它是下午6点，她感到很饿。根据feel后面接形容词，可知应该填入hunger的形容词hungry，故答案为hungry。（5）句意；它是时候吃饭了。根据短语itistimetodosth，是时候做某事，可知空缺填入tohave，故答案为tohave。（6）句意；她对她自己说。根据家里只有她一个人，可知她只能对自己说，空缺填入反身代词herself，故答案为herself。（7）句意：但是她不知道如何烹饪。根据句子前面提到有一些肉和蔬菜，后句话提到她不知道如何烹饪，可知表示转折填入but，故答案为but。（8）句意：许多青少年有相同的问题。根据same前面加定冠词the，表示相同的，故答案为the。（9）句意：因此我认为他们应该学习一些技能，比如烹饪，整理房间或打扮自己。根据介词like，可知后面加动词ing形式，故答案为cooking。（10）句意：他们不应该太过于依赖父母。根据短语dependon，依赖，可知空缺填入on，故答案为on。【点评】考查语法填空，做此类题首先熟悉文章大意，联系句子前后，确定空缺单词，结合语法知识，给出单词的正确形式，即可。6．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适合的单词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。

Alotofpeoplewishtobeslim（苗条）,butatthesametimetheyare________

（worry）abouttheirhealth.Infact,itisimportantforeveryone________

（lose）weighthealthily.Buthowcanyoudoit?Here'ssomegood________

（advice）.

Drinkplentyofwaterandeata（n）________

（health）diet.Ifyoufeellikeeatingsnacks（零食）,drinkaglassofwaterfirst.Ifyouarestillhungryafter15minutes,thenit'stime________

alightsnack.

________

（try）tostayawayfromfoodwithhighcalories（卡路里）,suchassweetsandfastfood.

Donoteatmorethanyoucanconsume（消耗）.Peoplegetfat________

theycan'tconsumeallthecaloriesthattheyget.Soknowinghowmanycaloriesyoureallyneed________

veryimportant.

Takeenoughexercise.The"333"isgoodforyouexercise3timesaweek.Foratleast30minutesat________

time,andpulserate（脉搏率）shouldhemorethan130mafterexercising.

Keepthethree________

（piece）ofadviceinmindandfollowtheadvice.Thenyou'llsurelyhaveaslimandstrongbody.【答案】worried；tolose；advice；healthy；for；Try；because；is；a；pieces【解析】【分析】短文大意：很多人想保持苗条，这里给了每个人三个建议，第一，喝大量的水和饮食健康，第二，不要吃太多，第三，经常锻炼。（1）句意：许多人希望苗条，但是同时他们担心健康。根据短语beworriedabout，担心，故答案为worried。（2）句意：实际上，它对每个人而言，健康减肥很重要。根据句型itisimportantforsbtodosth，对某人做某事很重要，可知空缺填入tolose，结合to后面加动词原形，故答案为tolose。（3）句意：这儿有一些好的建议。根据advice是不可数名词，可知空缺填入advice，短语goodadvice，好主意，故答案为advice。（4）句意：喝大量的水并且健康饮食。根据空缺的单词修饰diet，可知用形容词修饰，health—healthy，故答案为healthy。（5）句意：如果你15分钟后仍然很饿，是时候吃一份小吃。根据短语itistimeforsth，是时候吃，可知空缺填入介词for，故答案为for。（6）句意：尝试原理高卡路里的食物。根据短语trytodosth，尝试做某事，结合此处为祈使句，用动词原形，填入try，位于句首首字母大写，故答案为Try。（7）句意：人们之所以胖，是因为他们不能消耗掉他们得到的卡路里。根据句子前后描述的是因果关系，可知填入连词because，故答案为because。（8）句意：因此知道你需要多少卡路里是很重要的。根据主语为动名词，可知谓语应该用单数，结合句子缺少谓语，填入is，故答案为is。（9）句意：每一次至少锻炼30分钟，并且脉搏率在每次锻炼后超过130次。根据句子空缺的意义为每一次，短语atatime，每一次，故答案为a。（10）句意：把以上3个建议记在心里并且遵循这些建议。根据空缺前面有three，可知piece应该用复数，为pieces，短语threepiecesof，三种，故答案为pieces。【点评】考查语法填空，做此类题首先熟悉文章大意，联系句子前后，确定空缺单词，结合语法知识，给出单词的正确形式，即可。7．根据短文内容及括号内所给单词的提示填空

HiKaren,

InthemorningIwentshoppingwithMorn.FirstIboughtsomefruit.Iboughtsome________（watermelon）,bananasandoranges.ThenIboughtsomevegetables.I.boughtsomeonions,carrots,potatoesand________

（lettuce）.Ialsoboughtalotofbread________

（piece）.Iboughtmuch________

（cheese）andyogurtaswell.Iboughtmanyhamburgersand________

（sandwich）,too.WhydidIbuysomuchfood?Oh,someofthemareformybrotherTed'sbirthdayparty.Thepartyisat6:00p.m.tomorrow.Ifyou________

（be）free,cometotheparty.Iwouldbegladifyou________（join）us.Well,thisafternoonmycousinEmmamight________

（visit）me,butI'mnotsure.Ifshecomes,I________

（call）you.Thenwecanflykitestogetherinthepark.Please________（wait）formyphonecall.Susan8．语法填空

Everyone,rich________

poor,canhavehappiness.Youdon'tneedtothinktoomuch________

thoserichpeople.Theymayalwaysfeel________

（lone）becausetheirhousesarctoobig,andtheymaywant________

（walk）oncountryroadsbecausetheydrivetoworkeverydayinthebusycity.

Infact,happinessisalwaysaroundyou.Whenyouareunhappy,your________

（friend）willcometohelpyouandthiswillsurely________

（make）youhappy.

Whenyoustudyhardatyourlessons,youwillgetgoodgrades________

ofcourseyouwillfeelhappyaboutit.Ifyoudon'tfeel________

（good,yourparentswilltakegoodcareofyouandyouwillbehappy.Whenyouarepoor,youcanalsosayyouarehappy________

youmayhavesomethingelsethatmoneycan'tbuy.Whenyouhaveproblems,say________

（loud）thatyouarehappybecauseyouhavemorechancestochallengeyourself.Thenyoucansucceedinwhatyoudoandthismaybringyouhappiness.二、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）9．阅读理解

ItwasaSundaymorning.PeterwaswatchingTVintheroomwhilehisbrotherBillwasdoinghishomework.Attentheirmothercamebackwithabagoforanges.Peterlikedthemandwantedtoeatthemquickly.Buthismotherstoppedhim.Shegavefivetoeachsonandwenttothekitchen.Peteratehisorangessoonbuthisbrotherwasbusydoinghishomeworkanddidn'teathis.Justthen,thetelephonerangandBillrantoanswerit.Bill'sfriendsaskedhimtoplaysoccerwiththem.AndwhenBilltalkedwithhisfriend,Petertooktwoofhisorangesawayandatethem.Billfounditandcalledhimoutandbeathimbehindthehouse.Peterdidn'ttellhisparentsaboutit.

ThenextmorningPeter'steacher,MrsBall,taughtthestudentssubtraction（减法）.Peterwaslookingatthebirdinthetreeoutofthewindowandcouldn'tanswerherquestions.Theteacherstartedtogivehimanexample,"Ifyourbrotherhasfiveorangesandyoutaketwofromhim,whatwilltheresultbe?"

"He'llbeatme,teacher,"answeredtheboy.Allhisclassmatesstartedtolaugh.（1）WhendidPeter'smothercomeback?A.

Atfive.

B.

Atsix.

C.

Atseven.

D.

Atten.（2）WhatwasPeterdoingbeforetheirmothercameback?A.

WatchingTV.B.

Doinghishomework.C.

Listeningtomusic.D.

Playinginthegarden.（3）WhatdidBill'sfriendscallhimfor?A.

TheywantedBilltoplaysoccerwiththem.B.

TheywantedBilltoplaycomputergameswiththem.C.

TheywantedBilltogotothemoviewiththem.D.

TheywantedBilltogototheparkwiththem.（4）Petercouldn'tanswertheteacher'squestioncorrectlybecause________.A.

hewasnotcleverB.

hewantedtotellajokeC.

hedidn'tlistentotheteachercarefullyD.

hewasthinkingabouteatingoranges【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】文章大意：星期天早上，Peter和哥哥Bill在家里，后来Bill的朋友打电话邀请他去踢足球，第二天上课，Peter没有认真听讲，回答不出老师的问题，后来老师讲了一个笑话。（1）细节题。根据文章提到的

Attentheirmothercamebackwithabagoforanges可知，妈妈10点会来，故选D。（2）细节题。根据文章提到的

PeterwaswatchingTVintheroom可知，他在看电视，故选A。（3）细节题。根据文章提到的

Bill'sfriendsaskedhimtoplaysoccerwiththem可知，他们想让Bill去和他们踢足球，故选A。（4）细节题。根据文章提到的Peterwaslookingatthebirdinthetreeoutofthewindowandcouldn'tanswerherquestions可知，他上课没有认真听讲，故选C。【点评】考查细节题，做此类题首先熟悉文章大意，熟悉问题，带着问题到文章找出答案，即可。10．阅读下面短文，根据短文内容判断所给句子对错。

Johnnyisalovelyfish.Helivesinthesea.Heisverylonely.Hewantstofindafriend.Andthefriendlookslikehim.Johnnyseesaninkfish.Theinkfishhaseightlegs.Hedoesn'tlooklikeJohnny.SoJohnnygoesaway.

Johnnymeetsashark.Hewantstosayhellototheshark.Butthesharkopenshisbigmouthandwantstocathim.Johnnyrunsawayquickly.

Johnnyistiredandhungry.Hewantstohavearest.Thenheseesaroundfish.Shesaystohim."Hello!Wouldyouliketobemyfriend?"

Johnnyanswers,"Ofcourse!Butyouareround,Iamfat.Youdon'tlooklikeme."Theroundfishsays,"Butwearebothfishes."

Johnnythinksandsays,"Youareright.Let'sbefriends."Theybecomegoodfriends.（1）Johnnywantstohaveafriendbecausehefeelslonely.（2）Theinkfishdoesn'tlikeJohnny.SoJohnnygoesaway.（3）Johnnymeetsfourfishesinthepassage.（4）It'sclearthattheroundfishdoesn'tlooklikeJohnny.（5）TheroundfishbecameJohnny'sfriendatlast.【答案】（1）1（2）0（3）0（4）1（5）1【解析】【分析】文章大意：Johnny找朋友，最后与圆鱼成了好朋友。（1）根据文中的语句Heisverylonely.Hewantstofindafriend.

可知，Johnny感到孤独，所以想结交朋友，故选正确。（2）根据文中的语句Theinkfishhaseightlegs.Hedoesn'tlooklikeJohnny.SoJohnnygoesaway.理解可知，墨鱼有八条腿，与Johnny的长相不一样，Johnny就走开了，故选错误，（3）通读全文可知，Johnny遇到了墨鱼，鲨鱼和圆鱼共三种鱼，故选错误。（4）根据文中的语句Johnnyanswers,"Ofcourse!Butyouareround,Iamfat.Youdon'tlooklikeme."可知，圆鱼与Johnny长得不一样，故选正确。（5）根据文中的语句Johnnythinksandsays,"Youareright.Let'sbefriends."Theybecomegoodfriends.理解可知，圆鱼与Johnny成为了好朋友，故选正确。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。11．阅读理解

Intheuniverse,asweknow,thereisthesun,themoon,theearthandagoodmanystars.Throughourgeographylessons,weknowtheearthgoesroundthesun,andthemoongoesroundtheearth.Wehavedayandnightbecausetheearthkeepsturningallthetime.Whenourpartoftheearthturnstothesun,itisday.Whenourpartoftheearthturnsawayfromthesun,itisnight.

Justbecausethemoonisclosertotheearththanthesun,itlooksmuchbiggerthanthesun.Bigthingswilllooksmallerwhentheyarefarther,andsmallthingsalsolookbiggerwhentheyarenearer.

Thesunisbrightenoughtogiveoutverystronglight.Themooncan'tgiveanylightatall,butitlooksquitebright,too.Why?Infact,thelightfromthemooncomesfromthesun.Themoonlooksmuchbiggerandbrighterthanthestars.Butactually（事实上）thestarsaremuchbiggerandbrighterthanthemoon.Theylooksmallerthanthemoonalsobecausetheyarefartherawayfromtheearth.

Therearestillmanyotherplanetsintheuniverse.

Butofalltheseplanets,onlyontheearththerearelivingthingsandpeoplecanonlyliveontheearth,too.Butat9：00amonOctober15th,2003,ChinesepilotYangLiweiwassentuptospace.Hestayedtherefor21hours.ItwasthefirsttimeforChinesetogetintospace.（1）Whenourpartoftheearthturnsawayfromthesun,theotherpartoftheearthis

.A.

night

B.

day

C.

evening

D.

Sunday（2）Whendidthepilotfromourcountryreturntotheearth?A.

OnNovember15th,2002.

B.

OnOctober16th,2003.C.

OnMay15th,2004.

D.

OnOctober15th,2003.（3）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.

Themoongoesroundtheearth,anditcan'tgiveoutanylightatall.B.

Themoongoesroundthesun,anditslightisfromthesun.C.

Theearthmovesroundthemoon,andpeoplecanliveonlyontheearth.D.

Ofalltheplanets,onlytheearthmovesroundthesun.【答案】（1）B（2）B（3）A【解析】【分析】短文大意：此篇文章介绍的是太空中，宇宙意味着地球，太阳，月亮和星星及其它们之间的空间。以及之间的关联。（1）细节理解题。根据Whenourpartoftheearthturnstothesun,itisday.Whenourpartoftheearthturnsawayfromthesun,itisnight.

当地球上我们的部分转向太阳时，是白天。当地球上我们的部分转离太阳时，是晚上，可知地球的另一面是白天。故选B。（2）细节理解题。根据

Butat9：00amonOctober15th,2003,ChinesepilotYangLiweiwassentuptospace.Hestayedtherefor21hours.

但是在003年10月15日上午九点钟，中国飞行员杨利伟被发射到太空。在那里呆了21个小时。可知他是2003年10月16日离开的。故选B。

（3）推理判断题。根据Throughourgeographylessons,weknowtheearthgoesroundthesun,andthemoongoesroundtheearth.Themooncan'tgiveanylightatall,butitlooksquitebright,too.

可知月亮绕着地球转。月亮本身不发光。故选A。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。此题涉及细节理解和推理判断题。对于细节理解题。我们先分析问题，弄清题意。然后仔细阅读短文，从短文的细节中找到和问题相关的语句，确定问题答案。对于推理判断题，我们在理解问题后仔细阅读短文，从短文的细节中推理判断问题的正误。12．阅读理解

Inmodernsocietythereisalotofdisagreementaboutcompetition.Somevalueithighly,believingthatitisgoodforsocialprogress.Otherssaythatcompetitionisbad.Itsetsonepersonagainstanother.Anditleadstounfriendlyrelationshipbetweenpeople.

Ihavetaughtmanychildrenwhobelievethattheirself-worthdependedonhowwelltheydidattennisandotherskills.Forthem,playingwellandwinningareoftenlife-anddeathmatters.Intheirsingle-mindeddreamofsuccess,thedevelopmentofmanyotherhumanqualities（品质）issadlyforgotten.

However,whilesomeseemtobelostinthedesire（渴望）tosucceed,otherstakeadifferentattitude.Inaculturewhichvaluesonlythewinners,theyarestronglyagainstcompetition.Amongthemostvocalareyoungsterswhoareundercompetitivepressures（压力）fromtheirparentsorsociety.Theyarealwaystoldtobethetopones,buttheythinkit'sreallyhard.WhenIteachtheseyoungpeople,Ioftenfindtheminadesiretofail.Theyseemtosearchforfailure（失败）bynottryingtowinorachievesuccess.Bynottrying,theyalwayshaveanexcuse:"Imayhavelost,butitdoesn'tmatterbecauseIreallydidn'ttry.IfIhadtriedandlost,thatwouldmeanalot."

Clearly,thisbeliefisthesameasthatofthetruecompetitorswhotrytoprovethemselves.Botharebasedonthemistakenbelief.Theythinkone'sself-respectdependsonhowwellonedoescomparedwithothers.Bothareafraidofnotbeingvalued.Onlyasthisfearbeginstodissolve（消除）canwediscoveranewmeaningincompetition,（1）Whydosomepeoplewelcomecompetitionaccordingtothepassag?A.

Itpushessocietyforward.B.

Itimprovesone'sabilities.C.

Itdevelopshumanqualities.D.

Itbuildsupfriendlyrelationship.（2）Theunderlinedphrase"themostvocal"inParagraph3means

.A.

thosewhotrytheirbesttowinB.

thosewhovaluecompetitionmosthighlyC.

thosewhodependonothersmostforsuccessD.

thosewhoareagainstcompetitionmoststrongly（3）Whichofthefollowingmaythewriteragreeto?A.

Everyeffortshouldbepaidback.B.

Competitionshouldbeencouraged.C.

Winningshouldbealife-and-deathmatter.D.

Fearoffailureshouldbetakenawayincompetition.（4）Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout?A.

Competitionhelpstosetupself-respect.B.

Competitionisbadforsocialdevelopment.C.

Ideasaboutcompetitionaredifferentamongpeople.D.

Failuresarenecessaryexperiencesincompetition.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】短文大意：人们对比赛的态度不一，很多孩子过于重视成功与失败，以至于失去了其他人格品质，一些人抵触比赛，每次比赛失败后，总是找出一个借口，作者呼吁应该消除害怕失败的情绪。（1）细节题。根据文章提到的Somevalueithighly,believingthatitisgoodforsocialprogress可知，比赛促进社会进步，故选A。（2）推断题。根据文章提到的Inaculturewhichvaluesonlythewinners,theyarestronglyagainstcompetition可知，该词组的意义为强烈抵触比赛的这些人，故选D。（3）细节题。根据文章提到的Bothareafraidofnotbeingvalued.Onlyasthisfearbeginstodissolvecanwediscoveranewmeaningincompetition可知，作者认为对害怕失败的情绪应该消除，故选D。（4）主旨题。根据文章主要介绍了人们对比赛态度不一，可知文章谈论了关于比赛的想法，不同人的观点不一样，故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。13．阅读理解

Asspacesciencedevelops,manhaslearnedmoreandmoreaboutspace.Spaceisnotonlyamazingbutalsodangerous.Whileworkinginspace,spacemenarefacingdanger.

Scientistshavefoundoutthatradiation（辐射）isthegreatestdangertospacemeninspace.Whenspacemenareworkinginspace,theyareindangerofradiationfromthesunandotherstars,whichisbadfortheirhealth.Somespecialmedicinemayworkalittle,butthere'snoreallyhelpfulmedicine.

Spacejunkisalsothoughtagreatdangertospacemen.It'sreportedthatthereare9,000man-madethingsflyinginspace.About30%oftheseareman-madesatellites（卫星）,10%arespaceships,andtherestarespacejunk.Anexplosion（爆炸）in1996madeacloudof300,000fragments（碎片）,eachatleast4mminsize,andevenasmallpieceoftheseknockedagainstaspaceshipwindowanddidsome

damage.Scientistsareworkingonhelpfulwaystodowithspacejunk.

Althoughspaceisreallydangerous,itinterestseveryoneontheearth.Inthenearfuture,itmaybecomeusualforpeopletospendafewdaysinaspacehotel.Wemayevenchoosetoleavetheearthandliveinspaceforafewyears.Soweshouldcareforspaceanddosomethingtohelpimprovethespaceenvironment.（1）________ofman-madethingsinspacearespacejunk.A.

10%

B.

30%

C.

60%

D.

80%（2）_______is/arethemostdangeroustospacemen.A.

Satellites

B.

Radiation

C.

Fragments

D.

Spacejunk（3）Whatcanpeopledoinspaceinthenearfuture?________A.

Theycanonlyliveandtravelinspace.B.

Theycangrowsomefruitandvegetablesinspace.C.

Theycanfindoutwaystosolvealltheproblemsinspace.D.

Theycanspendafewdaysorliveforafewyearsinspace.（4）Thepurpose（目的）ofthewriterwhowritesthepassageismainlyto_________.A.

introducewhatthespaceisliketousB.

talkaboutsomeimportantspacetravelsC.

tellusthespaceenvironmentandtocareforspaceD.

showushowinterestingthelifeofthespacemeninspace【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文是科普文，介绍了神奇太空的危险环境，呼吁人们关心太空并做一些事情来帮助改善太空环境。（1）考查数学计算。根据About30%oftheseareman-madesatellites（卫星）,10%arespaceships,andtherestarespacejunk.，可知100%—30%—10%=60%，故选C。（2）考查细节理解。根据Scientistshavefoundoutthatradiation（辐射）isthegreatestdangertospacemeninspace.（科学家们已经发现，辐射对太空中的宇航员来说是最大的危险），可知对于太空人来说，辐射是最危险的，故选B。（3）考查细节理解。根据Inthenearfuture,itmaybecomeusualforpeopletospendafewdaysinaspacehotel.Wemayevenchoosetoleavetheearthandliveinspaceforafewyears.，可知Theycanspendafewdaysorliveforafewyearsinspace.说法正确，故选D。（4）考查主旨理解。根据文章主题句Soweshouldcareforspaceanddosomethingtohelpimprovethespaceenvironment.，可知介绍的是神奇太空的危险环境，呼吁人们关心太空并做一些事情来帮助改善太空环境，故选C。【点评】此题考查阅读理解。我们先阅读短文，理解短文大意。我们在分析问题后，带着问题阅读短文，从短文的细节中找出和问题相关的语句，找出细节理解问题答案，对于主旨大意题，要根据文章的主题句确定。14．阅读理解

Ilovetogobiking!TwoyearsagoIboughtanexercisebike（健身脚踏车）.ButsoonIgotboredwithbeingathome,soIboughtausedbikeandstartedgoingforshortrides.NowIplandaytripsinmyneighborhood（街区）.Whenyoudriveacar,youmissmanythings.It'ssurprisinghowmuchmoreyoucanseewhenyou'rebiking.—Sam

Myfavouritethingtodoatw