雨课堂学堂在线学堂云《History of Western Civilization 全英文西方文明史》单元测试考核答案

注：不含主观题第1题OneofthepillarsofChineseforeignpolicytodayisPresidentXi'sinitiativeofBuildingaCommunitywithaSharedFutureforMankind.第2题WalkingStickDependencySyndromemeansyourelytoomuchonChinesetounderstandEnglish,likewalkingwithastick.第3题JosephNye’stheoryofsoftpowerreferstotheabilitytoachieveone’sgoalsbyforcenotbydiplomacy,persuasionandtheattractionofcultureandpoliticalvalue.第4题SomeonehasputforwardedthetheorythatculturalandreligiousidentitieswillbetheprimarysourcesofconflictinthePost-ColdWarworld,andtherewouldbetwomajorClashes.Whoistheman?AJosephS.Nye

BJohnJ.Mear-sheimer

CSamuelHuntington

DJohnKingFairbank第5题OneofthefoundersofWesternphilosophyoncesaid,“IknowonethingthatIknownothing.”Whoistheman?APlato

BAristotelesCSocratesDCicero1.1.3Exercises第1题Homer'sfirstepicpoem,TheIliad,startedwiththeWrathofAchilles.第2题InGreekmyth,EuropawasabeautifulprincessfromPhoenicia.Oneday,Zeus,thekingofthegods,foundherandchangedhimselfintoananimaltoseduceherridingtheanimalandflewtoanisland.WhatistheanimalZeuschangedinto?Aahorse

Babull

Casheep

Dadonkey第3题IntheepicpoemTheOdyssey,theGreekheroOdysseusmetmanydifficultiesalongthejourneyaftertheTrojanWar,oneofwhichisSiren’ssong.第4题InthestoryoftheGoldenAppleofDiscord,agoddessnamedParishadagoldenappleonlyforthebeautifulwoman,whichcausedaheatedcompetitionamongHera,AthenaandAphrodite.第5题GreeceislocatedatthecrossroadsofEurope,AfricaandAsia.ItisonthesoutherntipoftheBalkanPeninsula.WhatisthenameoftheSeatotheeast?ATheAegeanSea

BTheIonianSea

CTheseaofCrete

DTheMediterraneanSea1.2.3Exercises第1题Dionysus,sonofZeus,godofwine,festivity,ecstasyandmadness,patrongodoftheartoftheatre.

WineinGreekisveryimportant,andGermanphilosopherFriedrichNietzschebelievedthatGreekTragedywasentirelybasedonthesufferingsofDionysus.第2题Zeusisthegodofsun,light,music,artandmedicineandthepatronofDelphi.HeisalsotheleaderofeightdaughtersofZeuscalledMuses.第3题Athena,thedaughterofZeus,goddessofwisdom,knowledgeandwarfare,defeatedPoseidoninacompetitionoverpatronageofAthensandthusbecametheprotectorofAthens.第4题BecausePrometheusstolefirefromZeusandgaveittohuman,ZeuswantedtopunishPrometheusandthehuman,soheorderedthefirstwomantocarryaroundabox,whichcontainedbothhopeandmisfortunate.Atlast,thewomanopenedtheboxbutlefthopeinsidethebox.Whatdoes“Pandora’sbox”mean?AThesourceofhope

BAll-giftedthing

CThesourceofmiracle

DThesourceofdisasters第5题InDelphi,allGreeksgotoatempleofagodfororaclesandtheyaskedthegodforadviceorprophecy.Apriestesswouldgiveanansweronbehalfofthegod,whichcalledanoracle.Whoisthegod?AApollo

BZeus

CHelios

DAthena1.3.3Exercises第1题Spartanshadareputationofcourage,roughandsimplelifeandservicetothestates.Allboyshadtojointhemilitarytrainingandcouldgetmarriedattheageof20butwerenotallowedtolivewithhiswifeuntilattheageof____finallybecameacitizen.A20B25C30D35第2题Inthe8thor7thcenturybc,Greekarmiesadoptedamilitaryinnovationknownasthephalanxformation,whichwasformedbycitizen-soldierscalledHoplites.第3题Withpopulationincreaseandurbanization,Greekpolis(city-states)emerged.Forpurposeofdefense,manycity-statesconstructakindofbuildingtoprotectthecity.Whatisthebuilding?AMetropolisBAcropolisCNecropolisDOsmopolis第4题ArchaicGreecewasthegreatestperiodoftheancientGreece,whichlaidasolidfoundationfortheClassicalperiod.第5题PlatolistedPerianderasoneoftheSevenSagesorSevenWiseMenofGreece.1.4.3Exercises第1题In490BC,PersiansinvadedGreecebuttheAtheniansdefeatedthePersiansattheBattleofMarathonwith10,000soldiers,onlyhalfoftheenemy,whichshowedtheGreekmilitarysuperiorityofthehoplitephalanxandtheinfantryformation.第2题Cleisthenesdividedthesocietyinto10tribes,eachtribehave50peopleparticipatedthe500memberCounciltheBoule.第3题Solonestablishedacouncilof_____membersdrawnfromallfourclassesandgavecitizenstherightofappeal.A200B300C400D500第4题In594BC,amerchant_____wasgiventherighttocreateanewconstitutionandhisreformslaidthefoundationsforAtheniandemocracy.APericlesBSolonCChilonDThales第5题In510BC,“thefatherofAtheniandemocracy”SocratesreformedtheAthenianconstitutionandmadeAthensademocraticstate.2.1.3Exercises第1题RomanpoliticianCicerocalledHerodotus“theFatherofHistory,”andhisbookTheHistorieswasthefoundingworkof

theHistory.第2题Thucydideswrote,“WhatmadewarinevitablewasthegrowthofAthenianpowerandthefearwhichthiscausedinSparta.”Basedonthiscomment,aHarvardprofessorGrahamAllisoncoinedthephrase“ThucydidesTrap.”第3题ThePeloponnesianWarbrokeoutin431bc,itisawarfoughtbytheDelianLeagueledbySpartaagainstthePeloponnesianLeagueledbyAthens.第4题ThefifthcenturybcofAthenscalledtheGoldenAgeofAthenswhenAthensbecamethesuperpowerwithpoliticalandeconomichegemony,andonereasonwasthatAthenshadagreatleader______.APericlesBCleisthenes

CSolon

DHerodotus第5题ClassicalGreeceopenedandclosedwithwarsagainst______,itstartedfromthebeginningofthe5thcenturyBCtothedeathofAlexandertheGreatin323bc.ASpartansBAtheniansCPersiansDPeloponnesian2.2.3Exercises第1题AlexandertheGreatcreatedtheLeagueofCorinth;itwasthefirsttimemostoftheGreekcity-statesmanagedtouniteintoasinglepoliticalentity.MembersoftheLeagueagreednevertowagewaragainsteachotherandtheywouldunitetheirarmy,undertheleadershipofPhilip,toconquerthePersianEmpire.第2题In371bc,SpartainvadedThebesbutlostthewar.NextyearThebesinvadedthePeloponnesus.TheyfirsttookMessenia,thesourceofSpartanwealth,andthenconqueredSparta,destroyeditsmilitarypower.SpartaneverrecoveredandThebesfilledthepowervacuumleftbySparta.第3题InancientGreece,hegemonymeansthepoliticalandmilitarydominanceofacity-stateoverothercity-statesratherthanaderogatoryterminChinesetranslation,whichmeanstobullyortobeatyrant.InEnglish,ithasnonegativemeaning.第4题Today’sRepublicofNorthMacedoniaincorporatesthe____partof

ancientMacedon.AeasternBsouthernCwesternDnorthern第5题TheThirtyTyrantsofAthenskilledandexiledmanydemocraticleadersandconfiscatedtheirproperty.Theymaintainedpowerfor____monthsuntiltheexilesrecapturedthecityandrebuiltthedemocracy.A5B6C7D82.3.3Exercises第1题WhoisthefounderoftheAcademyinAthens,thefirstschoolofhigherlearningintheWesternworld?ASocrates

BPlatoCAristotle

DCicero第2题Socratesneverstoppedsearchingtruthandvirtue,andheoncesaid,“Theunexaminedlifeisnotworthliving.”第3题In343BC,PlatowasinvitedbyKingPhilipIIofMacedoniatobethetutorofhissonAlexandertheGreat.第4题Metaphysicsisthestudyofbeingandknowinginahighlyabstractway,tryingtoanswerquestionslikewhatisthereandwhatisitlike.第5题"Form"inGreekusuallymeans“shape”or“appearance”,butPlato’sFormorIdeameans_______.ATrueknowledge

BSincereheartCReallifeDGoodtime2.4.3Exercises第1题Inthefollowingchoices,whoisnotoneofthethreegreattragedians?AEuripidesBAeschylusCSophoclesDAristophanes第2题Sophocleswroteaplaynamed_______,whichtoldusasadstoryofakingofThebeskilledhisfatherandmarriedhismother.AAntigoneBOedipustheKingCPhiloctetes

DAjax第3题InGreekmythology,satyrswerecompanionsofDionysus,usuallywithpig-likeearsandtails,andapermanentexaggeratederectedpenis.第4题TheOedipuscomplexreferstoayoungchild’sunconscioussexualdesireforhis/heropposite-sexparentandhatredforhis/hersame-sexparent.第5题TherewerethreedramaticgenresinAncientGreece:tragedy,comedyandsatyrplay.2.5.3Exercises第1题CynicinGreekmeanspiglike,peoplecalledthempigsbecausetheylivedonthestreetslikepigs.第2题AlexandertheGreatdiedintheyear_____bc,whichmarkedtheendofClassicalGreeceandthebeginningoftheHellenisticworld.A330B315C323D321第3题IntheHellenisticworld,GreekculturedominatedinnotonlyGreeceandMacedoniabutalsoEgyptandwestAsia,Greekculturalinfluenceandpowerwereattheirpeak.第4题DuringtheHellenisticperiod,Hellenisticphilosophygreatlyflourished.Whichoneoftheschoolbelieve“Allmemshouldregardthemselvesasmembersofonecityandpeople,havingonelifeandorder”?ACynicismBPlatonismCStoicismDEpicureanism第5题AlexandertheGreatwastaughtbyAristotleandheiswidelyconsideredasoneofthemostsuccessfulmilitarycommandersinthehistoryandneverlostinbattle.3.1.3Exercises第1题ThehistoricaleventofRapeofLucretiamarkedtheendoftheRomanKingdomandthestartoftheRomanRepublic.第2题ThecenteroftheAncientRomancivilizationwasItaly.第3题WesternRomanEmpirecollapsedin_____.A509BCB476BCC476ADD509AD第4题RemuswasthefirstkingoftheRomanKingdom.第5题TheRomanepicTheAeneidwaswrittenby____.AHoratiusBVirgilCOvidDCicero3.2.3Exercises第1题Senatewasanadvisorybodytotheconsuls,andithadtruelegislativepower.第2题Duringanemergency,onlytheSenatecouldauthorizetheappointmentofadictator.第3题ThehighestleaderoftheRomanRepublicwastwoconsuls,electedbythecitizensandadvisedbyaSenate.Thetermofconsulshipwas_____year(s).A1B2C3D4第4题TheSocietyoftheRomanRepublicishighlyhierarchical,therulingclassisPlebeians.第5题IntheRomanRepublic,Consulswereelectedby_______.ASenateBCuriateAssemblyCTribalAssemblyDCenturiateAssembly3.3.3Exercises第1题TheRomanTriumphwasaceremonytocelebratethesuccessofamilitarycommanderwhohadledRomanarmytovictory.第2题ThelargestunitoftheRomanarmyislegion,thecommandercalledlegate,normallyanex-senator,andsoldiersinthelegioncalledlegionaries.第3题In218BC,HamilcarBarcaledthe23,000Carthaginiantroopsand18warelephantsstartedfromSpain,marchedtotheeastalongthenorthMediterraneancoast,crossedtheAlps,andreachedthePovalley.HeattackedtheRomansfromthenorth.第4题RomangodofwarMarswasregardedastheancestoroftheRomanpeople,andhewassecondinimportanceonlyto_____.AJunoBApolloCVenusDJupiter第5题ThePunicWarswereaseriesof_____warsfoughtbetweenRomanRepublicandCarthage.AtwoBthreeCfourDfive3.4.3Exercises第1题OptimateswantedtostrengthenthepowerofthePlebeianAssemblyandPlebeianTribune.第2题WhichconsulwasdeclaredanenemyofthestatebytheSecondTriumvirateandexecutedin43BC?ACiceroBCatilineCCaesarDMarius第3题MariusalliedwiththePlebeianTribuneSulpiciusRufus,forcedtheSenatepassingabilltransferringthecommandfromSullatoMarius.Sullarefusedandmarchedhissixlegionsof35,000menonRome,MariusfledtoAfirca.第4题Mariuswaselectedconsulalltogetherforseventimes.第5题InthelateRepublicthesocietywashighlyhierarchical.Onthetoptherewasagroupofpeoplecalledthe,meaningthe"bestones".AconsulsBpatriciansCoptimatesDsenators3.5.3Exercises第1题MarkAntony,CleopatraandOctavianformedthesecondTriumvirate.第2题PompeyformedanalliancewithCrassusandCaesar,whichcalledtheFirstTriumvirate.第3题OnJanuary10,49BCJuliusCaesarcrossedtheRubiconRiver,whichmarkedthestartofanotherRomanCivilWarbetweenCaesarandtheRomanSenatecontrolledbyCrassus.第4题TheSenategave______thenewtitlesofAugustusandPrinceps,whichmarkedtheendofRomanRepublicandthebeginningofRomanEmpire.AAntonyBLepidusCOctavianDCleopatra第5题_______pavedthewayforJuliusCaesartobecomethesoleruleroftheRomanRepublic.

AMithridaticWarBThePunicWarsCCivilWarDTheGallicWars4.1.3Excecises第1题JuliusCaesarwasOctavian'smaternalgreat-uncle.TheyhadthesamefirstnameGaius.WhenOctavianwasborn,Caesarnamedhimandmadehimashisadoptedsonandheir.第2题ThePaxRomanalastedfor200years,mainlyconsistedofthreedynasties.TheJulio-Claudiandynastywasthefirstconsistingoffiveemperors,theyruledtheRomanEmpirefrom27bcto68adwhenthelastemperorTiberiuscommittedsuicide.第3题ModeledafterHomer’sIliadandtheOdyssey,TheAeneidtoldtheheroicstoryofAeneas,thesonofaTrojanprinceAnchisesandthegoddessAphrodite,RomannameVenus.第4题ThePaxRomanainLatinmeaning“_____________.”ARomanlawBRomanpeopleCRomanPeaceDRomanPace第5题Octaviandiedin14adattheageof75.Theperiodheruledwascalled____________age.AAugustanBGoldenCOctavianDCaesar4.2.3Excecises第1题Plutarch'sGermaniadescribedthelands,laws,andcustomsofthevariousGermanictribes;hisdescriptionswereconsideredawarningoftheRomans’excessiveself-confidence.第2题MarcusAurelius’MeditationsisthefavoritebookoftheformerPrimeMinisterofChinaWenJiabao,andtheformerUnitedStatesPresidentBillClinton.第3题TheItalianRenaissancepoliticalphilosopherNiccolòMachiavelli(1469-1527)calledthefirstfiveemperorsoftheNerva–AntonineDynastyNerva,Trajan,Hadrian,AntoninusPiusandMarcusAurelius“FiveGoodEmperors.”第4题ConstructionoftheColosseumbeganundertheemperorVespasianin72adandcompletedin80adunderhisson,thenextemperor_____.ACommodusBHadrianCDomitianDTitus第5题Whichemperor'sdeathin180admarkedtheendofthe200-yearPaxRomana?ANeroBCommodusCMarcusAureliusDAugustus4.3.3Excecises第1题ConstantinetheGreatwasthefirstRomanemperorbaptizedandconvertedtoChristianity.第2题InancientRome,GermanswereconsideredbarbariansbyRomans,lesscivilizedandmorephysicallyhardened.Today“German”referrerstothepeoplelivedinGermany.第3题ConstantinetheGreatcreatedanewformofgovernmentTetrarchy,ThetermTetrarchywasusedbyhistoriansinthe19thcenturytodescribethenewformofgovernment.ItwasfromaGreektermmeaning“leadershipoffourpeople.”第4题ExternalThreatstotheRomanEmpirecamefromalldirections,butthebiggestthreatwasfromnorthandwest,______________.AtheGermanicpeoplesBtheBerbersCSasanianEmpireDtheGreeks第5题_________________alsoknownastheImperialCrisisandMilitaryAnarchywasaperiodinthehistoryoftheRomanEmpire.TheCrisislastedfor50yearsstartingfromtheassassinationofSeverusAlexanderin235to284whenDiocletianbecameemperor.ATheTetrarchyBTheCrisisoftheThirdCenturyCTheGreatPersecutionDTheGreatWars4.4.3Exercises第1题TheBibleistheholybookofChristianity.ThefirstpartistheOldTestament,basedontheHebrewBible.ThesecondistheNewTestament,writteninthecommonGreeklanguage,dealswiththelifeandteachingsofJesusChristaswellaseventsinthefirst-centuryChristianity.第2题OnthethirddayafterthedeathofJesusChristcametheCrucifixion,hecamebacktolife.第3题Christianityismonotheism,believingthereisonlyoneGod,GreekandRomanreligionsarepolytheism.第4题JesusChristhasTwelveApostles,______betrayedJesus.AJudeaBJudeCJudahDJudas第5题_____wastraditionallycountedasthefirstBishopofRome‍orPope‍.ASaintJohnBSaintAndrewCSaintPeterDSaintPaul4.5.3Exercises第1题TherearetwomajorbranchesofIslam,SunniandShia.Today85–90%oftheworld’sMuslimsareShiaand10–15%areSunni.第2题ThedepositionofRomulusmarkstheendoftheRomanEmpireintheWest,theendofAncientRome,andthebeginningoftheMiddleAgesinWesternEurope.第3题In452,PopeLeoIstoppedAttilatheHunandhisarmy,itwasthePopenottheemperorsavedthecity.第4题TheByzantineEmpirewasHellenisticworld,fromtheearlysixthcentury________becametheofficiallanguage.AGreekBLatinCArabicDRoman第5题Finally,in______theOttomanEmpireconqueredConstantinople.A1450B1451C1452D14535.1.3Excecises第1题BritainwasconqueredbyRomansin43adanditbecametheRomanprovinceofBritanniauntiltheearly5thcentury.第2题ThehistoriansbelievedthattherealfounderoftheMerovingiandynastyisMerovech.第3题FrankishEmpireortheKingdomoftheFrankswasthesmallestBarbariankingdominWesternEuropeduringtheEarlyMiddleAges,whichlastedfrom481to843.第4题WhowasthefirstkingoftheKingdomofItaly?AGaiusJuliusCaesarBOdoacerCTheodorictheGreatDRomulus第5题TheEarlyMiddleAgeslastedfromthe_____centuryfollowedthedeclineoftheWesternRomanEmpiretothe10thcentury.A4thB5thC6thD7th5.2.3Excecises第1题TheCarolingiandynastyendedintheWestFranciain987whenHughCapetsucceededthelastCarolingiankingandbecamethefirstKingofanewCapetianDynasty.第2题Charlemagnewasknownasthe“FatherofEurope.”第3题The___dynastyoftheFrankishKingdomistheCarolingianDynastyfrom751to987AD.AfirstBsecondCthirdDforth第4题AfterthedeathofLouisthePiousin840,theFrankishEmpirewasdividedbyhisthreesons.Inthefuture,theEastFranksbecameFrance,theWestFranksbecameGermany,andthemiddleFranksbecameHolland,Belgium,Luxembourg,Lorraine,SwitzerlandandnorthernItaly.第5题___wasthefirstKingoftheCarolingianDynastyfrom751untilhisdeath.APepinIIBPepinIIICCharlesMartelDCharlemagne5.3.3Excecises第1题TheRomanCatholicChurch'scentraladministration,theHolySee,isintheVaticanCitywithinRome.第2题ThelargestterritoryoftheHolyRomanEmpirewastheKingdomofItaly,beginninginthe10thcenturyKingdomofItalyformedacentralpartoftheHolyRomanEmpire.第3题WhowasthefirstNormanKingofEngland?AWilliamtheConquerorBHenryIICRichardIDJohn第4题MosthistoriansregardthecoronationofCharlemagne

in987asthebeginningsofmodernFrance,andhewasthefirstKingofModernFrance.第5题In______,ecclesiasticaldifferencesandtheologicaldisputesbetweentheGreekEastandLatinWestcausedthemutualexcommunication.Sincethen,thewesternandeasternchurchofficiallyseparated.ThisistheGreatSchismortheEast–WestSchism.A800B1054C1066D11545.4.3Excecises第1题JanHuswasthepredecessorofthefutureProtectantReformationledbyMartinLuther.第2题CharlesIVwasfromtheHouseofHabsburg.第3题In1356,CharlesIVissuedtheGoldenBull,explicitlynamedthesevenPrince-electorswhoweretochoosetheGermanKingandfutureHolyroamnEmperor.第4题TheHouseofruledasKingoftheRomansandHolyRomanemperorsfrom1308to1437.AHabsburgBLuxembourgCWittelsbachDAnjou第5题ThelateMiddleAgesfrom___wasreallyaterribletime.Aseriesofterribleeventshappened.TheywerecalledtheCrisisoftheLateMiddleAges.A5th–10thcenturyB1000–1250C1250–1500D1500–16005.5.3Excecises第1题DanteAlighieriwasanItalianpoet,hisepicpoemTheDivineComedyisthemostimportantpoemoftheMiddleAgesandthegreatestliteraryworkintheItalianlanguage.第2题JoanofArcisanationalheroinewhosavedEnglandduringtheHundredYears’War.第3题WhowasthefirstkingoftheHouseofValois?APhilipIIIBEdwardIIICCharlesIVDPhilipVI第4题TheEnglishvictorymarkedtheendoftheHundredYear’sWar.第5题___launchedtheHundredYears’War(1346-1453),andhewasfromtheHouseofPlantagenetandtransformedEnglandintooneofthemostformidablemilitarypowersinEurope.APhilipIIIBEdwardIIICCharlesIVDPhilipVI6.1.3Exercises第1题ItalianWarswereaseriesofconflictsthatinvolvedmostofthecity-statesofItaly,France,Spain,theHolyRomanEmpireaswellastheOttomanEmpire.第2题Michelangeloisregardedthe"UniversalGenius"or"RenaissanceMan"第3题Renaissancemeans"rebirth"foranItalianculturalmovementfrom15to16thcentury第4题

wasthecenterofRenaissanceculture,oneofthewealthiestcitiesinEurope.AVeniceBFlorenceCPapalstatesDKingdomofNaples第5题Whowascalled"FatherofHumanism"and"fatheroftheRenaissance"?AMasaccioBBrunelleschiCPetrarchDDonatello6.2.3Exercises第1题"BloodyMary"wasthelastmonarchoftheHouseofTudorruledfrom1558to1603.第2题HenryTudor,alsocalledHenryVII,wasthesecondkingfromtheHouseofTudor.第3题TheProtestantReformationstartedbythepublicationofthe95Thesesby

in1517.AMartinLutherBZwingliCJohnCalvinDnoneofthem第4题TheEnglishReformationledHenryVIIIbecamethesupremeheadoftheChurchofEnglandandownerofitsvastwealth.第5题TherewasaseriesofcivilwarbetweentheHouseofLancasterandtheHouseofYork,whichwas______.AtheEnglishCivilWarBTheThirtyYears’WarCTheSecondEnglishReformationDTheWarofRoses6.3.3Exercises第1题IvanIIIorIvantheGreatwascalled“theGathereroftheRus'lands.”第2题Overthe16thand17thcenturies,SpainwascontrolledbythehouseofHabsburg.第3题MarriageofMaryandMaximilianofHabsburginitiatedtwocenturiesofcontentionbetweenItalyandtheHabsburgs.第4题WhoestablishedtheSpanishInquisition,intendedtoidentifyhereticsamongthosewhoconvertedfromJudaismandIslamtoCatholicism?AMaryandMaximilianofHabsburgIBCharlesVCCharlesVIIIDQueenofCastileIsabellaandKingofAragonFerdinand第5题TheItalianWarsfrom1494to1559wasactuallythepowerstrugglebetweenFranceand______.ASpainBItalyCRussiaDRoman6.4.3Exercises第1题DuringtheMingDynasty,ChineseexplorerZhengHeledsixexpeditionaryvoyagestoSoutheastAsia,SouthAsia,WesternAsia,andEastAfrica.第2题PortuguesePrinceHenrytheNavigatorisregardedasthemaininitiatoroftheAgeofDiscovery.第3题______firststartedtheslavetrade,followedbytheotherpowers.AAmericanBPortugueseCFranceDSpain第4题Magellan’sCircumnavigationfirstprovedtheworldisround,alsoprovedthevastnessofthePacificOceanmadeawesternroutetoIndiapossiblebutuneconomical.第5题ThemotiveofWesternexplorersduringtheAgeofDiscoverycanbesummarizedinthreewords:______,God,andGlory.AGoldBPowerCMoneyDLand6.5.3Exercises第1题In1576,themutinousSpanishtroopssackedAntwerp,7,000peoplewereslaughtered,andonethirdofthecitywasburned.Thiswascalled“theSpanishFury.”第2题DuringRussia’sTimeofTrouble,SigismundledPolisharmyinvadedRussiain1610.第3题TheFrenchWarofReligionisthedeadliestreligiouswarinEuropeanhistory,3millionpeoplewerekilled.第4题Spanisharmyinvaded______ledbyDukeofAlba,heestablishedamilitarycourt,whichwascalled“theCouncilofBlood”becausetheyexecutedmanyProtestants.AtheNetherlandBPortugueCFranceDRussia第5题HenryIVissuedanEdictthatupheld’spositionastheestablishedreligionofFrance,whichendedthewarandbroughtpeacetothecountry.AChristianityBProtestantismCHuguenotismDCatholicism7.1.3Exercises第1题In1632,attheBattleofLützeninSaxony,theDanishKingGustavusAdolphuswasseriouslywoundedanddied.第2题TheThirtyYears’WarendedbythePeaceofWestphaliawhichrecognizedthecoexistenceofthetworeligionsinEurope,ProtestantinthesouthandCatholicinthenorth.第3题TheeventknownastheDefenestrationofPraguein1618markedthebeginningoftheBohemianRevoltandthefirststageoftheThirtyYears’War.

第4题ThePeaceofWestphalia,aseriesofpeacetreatieswhichendedtheThirtyYears’War,grantedeachprincetherighttodeterminethe

ofhisownstate.AgovernmentBlawCreligionDboundary第5题ThePeaceofAugsburg,atreatythatofficiallygrantedstateswithintheHolyRomanEmpiretherighttochoosetheirofficialreligion,wassignedin_____.A1555B1632C1635D16487.2.3Exercises第1题Bytheendof1640,aScottisharmyinvadedEngland.Inordertocollectmoneytosuppresstherebellion,CharlesIsummonedtheParliament.第2题TheEnglishCivilWar,aseriesofarmedconflictsbetweenParliamentariansandRoyalists,startedin1642.第3题In1653,OliverCromwelldissolvedtheRumpParliamentandservedaspresidentoftheCommonwealthofEngland,Scotland,andIrelandfrom1653untilhisdeathin1658.第4题OnJanuary30,1649,______wasbeheaded,andEnglandwasdeclaredacommonwealthgovernedbytheRumpParliament.ACharlesIBWilliamIIICJamesIIDHennyII第5题TheRevolutionin1688wascalledthe_______Revolution.AEnglishBBloodlessCProtestantDBourgeois7.3.3Exercises第1题ThePalaceofVersaillesisthefirst-mostvisitedmonumentinParis,followedbytheLouvreandtheEiffelTower.

第2题Constitutionalmonarchyisaformofmonarchyinwhichonerulerhassupremeauthorityandthatauthorityisnotrestrictedbyanywrittenlaws,legislature,orcustoms.第3题Duringthereignof

,FrancereplacedSpainasthegreatestnationinEurope.ALouisXIIIBLouisXIVCCharlesIVDCharlesIII第4题Knownforhismilitaryandpoliticalachievements,FrederickWilliamofBrandenburg-Prussiabuiltupastrongarmytodefendhiscountry.第5题In1721,______becamethefirstEmperoroftheRussianEmpire.APetertheGreatBMichaelRomanovCIvantheTerribleDIvantheGreat7.4.3Exercises第1题TheNetherlandshadthebestlocationforthetradewithinEurope,becauseitisonthehalfwaybetweentheBayofBiscayandtheBalticSea.第2题TheDutchGoldenAgewasaperiodinthehistoryoftheNetherlands,inwhichNetherlandsbecametheforemostmaritimeandeconomicpowerintheworld.第3题HollandortheNetherlandsisabeautifulcountryfamousforitswindmillsandroses.第4题_____isoftencreditedwithbeingthe“FatherofModernPhilosophy”.AImmanuelKantBG.W.F.HegelCLudwigFeuerbachDRenéDescartes第5题In1477,BurgundywasdefeatedbytheSwissarmy,thelastDukeofBurgundyCharlestheBoldwaskilled,andthen_______annexedmostofthelandofBurgundy.

AFranceBSwitzerlandCBritainDSpain7.5.3Exercises第1题Messiah,WaterMusic,andMusicfortheRoyalFireworks

arefamousworksbyJohannSebastianBach.第2题_____formulatedamodeloftheuniversethatplacedtheSunratherthantheEarthatthecenteroftheuniverse.AJohannesKeplerBNicolausCopernicusCTychoBraheDGalileoGalilei第3题TheworksofWilliamShakespeareandtheKingJamesBibleareconsideredtobethemodelsofModernEnglish.第4题JohannesKepler,a/an______astronomer,discoveredthatplanetsorbitedthesuninanellipticalratherthanacircularpath.AGermanBFrenchCDanishDPolish第5题

said,“LetPlatobeyourfriend,andAristotle,butmoreletyourfriendbetruth.”AFrancisBaconBIsaacNewtonC

NicolausCopernicusD

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