专题20虚拟语气（复习讲义）（广东小高考专用）（原卷版）

专题20虚拟语气目录考情分析与命题趋势.......................................................................................................1知识体系构建...................................................................................................................2考点精析与突破...............................................................................................................2考点一：条件句中的虚拟语气（常考点）...................................................................2考点二：名词性从句中的虚拟语气（重点）...............................................................6考点三：特殊句型中的虚拟语气（重点）...................................................................8实战精练与提升...............................................................................................................11一、考试要求根据《普通高中英语课程标准》对虚拟语气的考查主要要求考生能够在阅读和听力语篇中，准确理解虚拟语气所表达的假设、愿望、建议、遗憾等深层含义。在语法填空和书面表达中，根据语境正确运用虚拟语气的不同形式结构。高考对虚拟语气的考查正变得越来越灵活和深入。它不再是一个只需死记硬背的语法点，而是一个需要考生在真实语境中理解、判断和运用的综合能力。准确把握其“语境化、综合化、应用化”的命题趋势。二、命题分析考点考频考查内容命题趋势条件句中的虚拟语气5年4考条件句中的虚拟语气在语境化的理解预测2026年在听力、阅读和写作中考查名词性从句中的虚拟语气5年3考名词性从句中的虚拟语气在语境化的理解预测2026年在听力、阅读和写作中考查特殊句型中的虚拟语气5年2考特殊句型中的虚拟语气在语境化的理解预测2026年在听力、阅读和写作中考查（一）If条件句虚拟语气与现在事实相反与过去事实相反与将来事实相反倒装虚拟：如果if从句中含有were,had,should，可以省略if，并将这三个词提至句首，构成倒装。混合虚拟：主句和从句的动作发生时间不一致。含蓄虚拟：不用if从句，而用介词短语、副词或上下文来表示虚拟条件。（二）名词性从句虚拟语气核心结构：(should)+动词原形（should可省略）标志词动词：suggest,insist,order,mand,advise,propose,remend,demand,require,request,desire名词：suggestion,proposal,order,plan,idea,advice,demand,requirement(后的表语从句或同位语从句)that...ortant,necessary,natural,imperative,essential,strange,vital(在Itis+adj.+that...主语从句中)（三）特殊句型虚拟语气1.Wish与IfOnly的用法完全一致that...s(high/about)timethat...3.wouldrather(that)...If条件句虚拟语气考点精析与突破If条件句虚拟语气主要用来谈论与事实相反的假设或实现可能性极小的情况。其核心在于主句和从句的谓语动词形式必须遵循严格的对应关系。考点一：三种基本时间结构的构成与判断与现在事实相反 If从句谓语形式用动词过去式(be动词常用were) 主句谓语形式用would/could/might/should+动词原形 与过去事实相反 If从句谓语形式用had+过去分词 主句谓语形式用would/could/might/should+have+过去分词 与将来事实相反 If从句谓语形式用①should+动词原形②动词过去式③wereto+动词原形 主句谓语形式用would/could/might/should+动词原形 例题IfI______(be)you,Iwouldconsiderstudyingabroadaftergraduation.答案：were详解：本题考查与现在事实相反的虚拟。“IfIwereyou”是固定句式，表示“如果我是你（但我不是你）”，从句谓语用were。主句“wouldconsider”是现在虚拟的标志。变式题1Ifhe______(take)thedoctor'sadvice,hewouldbefullyrecoverednow.变式题2Ifit______(snow)nextMonday,ourflightwouldbecanceled.考点二：省略if的倒装结构为了强调或使语言更正式，可以将if从句中的were,had,should提前至句首，并省略if。这是必考考点。如果if从句中含有were,had,should，则可以省略if，并将这三个词提至句首，构成部分倒装。例题______earlier,youwouldhavecaughtthetrain.(Arrive)答案：Hadyouarrived详解：原句是Ifyouhadarrivedearlier,...。因为从句有had，故可省略if，将had提前，变成Hadyouarrivedearlier...。变式题1______inyourposition,Iwoulddothingsdifferently.变式题2______anychangetotheplan,pleasenotifymeimmediately.考点三：含蓄虚拟条件句句子中没有出现if引导的条件句，而是通过介词短语、副词、上下文等方式来暗示虚拟条件。常见标志：介词短语：without...,butfor...(要不是...),with...(如果有...)副词/连词：otherwise(否则),or(否则)上下文：通过句子逻辑关系暗示。例题______yourguidance,Icouldn'thaveachievedthismuchsuccess.答案：Without详解：Withoutyourguidance=IfIhadn'thadyourguidance。介词短语without引导了一个与过去事实相反的含蓄虚拟条件。变式题1Iwasverybusylastweek;otherwise,I______(e)toyourparty.变式题2Butforthesuddenrain,we______(have)awonderfulpicnicyesterday.考点四：混合虚拟条件句主句和从句所涉及的时间不一致（如一个对过去假设，一个对现在或将来假设）。这时，主句和从句需要根据各自的时间分别使用对应的动词形式。例题Ifyou______(receive)thetraininglastmonth,you______(know)howtooperatethemachinenow.答案：hadreceived,wouldknow详解：从句“上个月接受培训”是对过去的假设，用hadreceived；主句“现在就知道”是对现在结果的假设，用wouldknow。变式题1Ifhe______(notwaste)somuchtimeplayinggamesinthepastfewyears,he______(be)acollegestudenttoday.变式题2She______(be)deadiftheneighbors______(notcall)thepoliceimmediatelythatnight.名词性从句虚拟语气考点精析与突破在表示命令、建议、要求、愿望等主观意向的动词、名词、形容词之后的名词性从句（宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句）中，应使用虚拟语气。核心结构：(should)+动词原形，其中should可以省略。这是此类虚拟语气最根本的形式。考点一：动词后的宾语从句这是最常考的题型。当句子谓语是某些表示“建议、命令、要求”等的动词时，其后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。关键词：一坚持：insist二命令：order,mand三建议：suggest,advise,propose,remend四要求：ask,demand,require,request,desire例题Thedoctorremendedthathe______(avoid)strenuousexerciseforamonth.答案：(should)avoid详解：主句谓语动词remended（建议）是标志词之一，其后的宾语从句应使用虚拟语气，谓语形式为(should)+动词原形。变式题1Thegeneralmandedthatallthesoldiers______(be)readybeforedawn.变式题2Heinsistedthatshe______(notleave)thepany.易错点突破insist：当意为“坚持要求”时，用虚拟；当意为“坚持认为”时，用陈述语气。Heinsistedthathewasinnocent.（坚持认为，陈述事实）HeinsistedthatI(should)payatonce.（坚持要求，虚拟）suggest：当意为“建议”时，用虚拟；当意为“暗示、表明”时，用陈述语气。Hispalefacesuggestedthathewasill.（表明，陈述事实）Isuggestedthatwe(should)startearly.（建议，虚拟）考点二：名词后的表语从句和同位语从句当句子主语或中心词是某些表示“建议、命令、要求”等的名词时，其后的表语从句或同位语从句要用虚拟语气。关键词：advice,suggestion,proposal,remendation（建议）order,mand（命令）demand,requirement,request,desire（要求）plan,idea（计划/想法）例题Hissuggestionisthatwe______(hold)ameetingtodiscusstheproblem.答案：(should)hold详解：主句主语suggestion（建议）是标志词，其后的表语从句应使用虚拟语气，结构为(should)+动词原形。变式题1Whatdoyouthinkoftheideathatwe______(go)campingthisweekend?变式题2Themanagergavetheorderthatthetask______(plete)bytheendofthisweek.考点三：Itis+形容词+that...主语从句在Itis+形容词+that...句型中，当形容词表示“必要、重要、紧迫”等含义时，that引导的主语从句要用虚拟语气。关键词：necessary,important,essential,vital,imperativenatural,strangedesirable,better例题Itisessentialthateveryapplicant______(fill)outtheformpletely.变式题1Itisnecessarythathe______(return)thebookstothelibraryontime.变式题2Itisstrangethatshe______(refuse)suchagoodoffer.特殊句型虚拟语气考点精析与突破特殊句型虚拟语气主要用来表示愿望、建议、遗憾等情绪，其动词形式有固定的模式。考点一：Wish与IfOnly引导的从句表示一种难以实现或与事实相反的愿望，翻译为“但愿…”、“要是…就好了”。Ifonly的语气比wish更强烈。对现在/将来的愿望：从句谓语用过去式（be动词常用were）。对过去的愿望：从句谓语用had+过去分词或couldhave+过去分词。例题IwishI______(canspeak)Frenchfluently.答案：couldspeak详解：表示对现在情况的愿望（我现在法语不流利）。“can”的过去式是“could”，后面接动词原形“speak”。变式题1Ifonlyhe______(be)herenowtoseethis.变式题2Shewishesshe______(notspend)somuchmoneyonclotheslastmonth.考点二：Itis(high/about)timethat...表示“早该做某事了（但到现在还没做）”，带有一种催促或建议的语气。that从句的谓语动词用过去式或should+动词原形（should不可省略）。在高考中，用过去式更为常见和优先。例题It’shightimethatyou______(make)upyourownmind.答案：made/shouldmake详解：It‘shightimethat后接从句，表示“你早该自己做决定了”。谓语动词优先用过去式made，也可用shouldmake。变式题1Don’tyouthinkit‘sabouttimewe______(go)home?变式题2Itistimethatthechildren______(go)tobed.考点三：Wouldrather后的宾语从句表示“宁愿某人做某事”，从句内容通常与事实相反。与现在或将来事实相反：从句谓语用过去式。与过去事实相反：从句谓语用had+过去分词。例题Iwouldratheryou______(tell)methetruthrightnow.答案：told详解：时间状语“rightnow”表明这是对现在或将来的愿望。“我宁愿你现在告诉我”，隐含的事实是“你现在没有告诉我”。故从句谓语用过去式told。变式题1I’dratheryou______(notmention)thistoanyoneelseinthefuture.变式题2Iwouldratheryou______(nottell)himthenewsyesterday.Nowheissoupset.考点四：Asif/Asthough引导的方式状语从句表示“好像，仿佛”。当从句描述的情况是不真实的或可能性极小的时，需用虚拟语气。与现在事实相反：从句谓语用过去式（be动词用were）。与过去事实相反：从句谓语用had+过去分词。例题HetalksaboutRomeasifhe______(be)therehimself.答案：hadbeen详解：根据语境，他本人过去并没有真正去过罗马，只是在“夸夸其谈”。所以这是对过去情况的虚拟，从句谓语用hadbeen。变式题1SheistreatingmeasthoughI______(be)astranger.变式题2Themachineismakingaloudnoiseasifit______(break)down.一、单句语法填空1．IfI(be)ateacher,Iwouldbestrictwithmystudents.2．Ifhehadehereyesterday,he(see)hisoldfriend.(所给词的适当形式填空)3．IfI(take)youradvice,Icouldhavepassedthedrivingtest.4．IwouldratherI(follow)youradviceyesterday.5．Thefirefightersfailedtosavethedog’sownerbecauseifthey(walk)ontothemud,theywouldhavesunk,too.6．shemydaughter,Iwouldn'tallowhertostudyabroad.7．Ifit//(rain)tomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.8．Shemighthavelosttheopportunityifhermotheronhergoing.(notinsist)9．Withthemoderatemeasures,we(build)aharmonioussocietyinthefuture.10．Ifit(rain)tomorrow,Iwouldn’tgotothegrocerystore.11．hetoleavetoday,hewouldgettherebyFriday.12．IfhehadspentmoretimepractisingspeakingEnglishbefore,he(be)abletospeakitmuchbetternow.13．Hadyoulistenedtothedoctor,you(be)allrightnow.（所给词的适当形式填空）14．Butforyourtimelyhelp,we(lose)thematchyesterday.15．Astronautshavetousetapetostickeverythingdownwhileworkinginspacebecauseeverything(float)offotherwise.16．Itisappropriatethatsometime(devote)tothoroughstudyoftheresultsoftheApollomission.17．Itisessentialthatthediet(vary)andbalanced.18．Itisessentialthattheseapplicationforms(send)backasearlyaspossible.19．Heinsistedthathewasrightandthathisplan(carry)outatonce.20．Healsoinsistedthatthey(leave)enoughspaceforchildren.21．ItismosturgentthatTom(help)thedoctoroperate.22．Heisright,butIcan’thelpwishingtheykeepthoseoldferries.23．Heisright,butIcan'thelpwishingthey(keep)thoseoldferries.24．It’sraretohearsomeonesay,“Iwishthatspeaker(speak)longer.”25．Wewouldratherourdaughter(stay)athomewithus,butitisherchoice.26．Myhusbandisalwaystalkingabouttheeconomy,butI’dratherhe(focus)moreonourchildren’seducation.27．—Wewillhaveameetingtomorrow.

—Iwouldratherwe(hold)themeetingtodaythantomorrow.28．Maryinsistedthatshe(be)rightbuthermotherinsistedthatshe(say)sorrytoAnnie.29．Theofficialdemandedthatfoodsandothersupplies(send)tothedisasterareaimmediately.30．Expertssuggestthatyoungparents(spend)sometimemunicatingwiththeirchildreninsteadofplayingwiththeirphones.31．Mysuggestionisthattheproblem(discuss)atthemeetingassoonaspossible.32．Mysuggestionisthatmorepeoplefromallwalksoflife(encourage)tofinancetheprojectwiththeirdeeperloveforthesechildren.33．Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit(be)broken.34．Hissuggestionisthatwe(go)towatchthefootballmatch.35．Mydemandisthattheinformationreferredtoinmyreport(email)toMrBrownwithoutdelay.36．Weareworkingthemandofthemanagerthatnoexpense(spare)tomakethepartyasuccess.37．Heexpressedastrongdesirethatmeasures(take)tostoppollution.38．Theteacheragreedtothesuggestionthatstudents(give)twoweekstopreparefortheexam.39．Hehasadesirethathisbooks(reach)asmanyaspossible.40．Onemajorremendationatthemeetingisthatthesetraditionalcustoms(preserve).41．Sailors,evenmilesfromtheblasts,describedfeelingheatasifthey(go)fromtheshadeintothesun,andanintenseflashoflighteventhroughdarkgoggles.42．IfelthetreatedmeasthoughIholdhimbackandprobablymakehimfailtogetanAinthecourse.43．Hethrowshisarmsandlegsoutasifhe(fly),hiseyeswidewithexcitement.44．Davidinsistedonrunningasifhe(forget)allhisweaknesses,thoughhewastrippedoverwithinafewkilometers.45．Whenapencilispartlyputintowater,itlooksasifit(break).46．Heissmilinghappilyasifnothing

(happen).47．Itistimethatwe(take)measurestostoppollution.48．Therefore,itishightimethatwe(take)effectivemeasurestoimprovethecurrentsituation.49．It’stimeyou(settle)yourdisputewithhim.50．Thenationwidesmogservesasaconstantreminder,indicatingthatit'shightimewe(reflect)onourselves.51．IfonlyI(know)hername.52．Thefilmwasboring.IfonlyI(not,see)itlastnight!53．Heisinvolvedinthetroublenow.Ifonlyhe(listen)tohisparents!54．Ifyou(e),Iwouldmeetyou.55．Lastyearitrecoveredmorethan807,500poundsoffoodbytakingdonationsandcollectingblemished(有瑕疵的)producethatotherwise(rot)infields.56．（全国卷）—IstayedatahotelwhileinNewYork.—Oh,didyou?You(stay)withBarbara.57．Thankyouforallyourhardworklastweek.Idon’tthinkwecould