重难点18 阅读理解之记叙文（热点话题：寓言童话）

重难点18阅读理解之记叙文（热点话题：寓言童话）命题趋势阅读理解综合考查学生对英语语言知识的运用，题型包括词义猜测题、细节理解题、脉络理解题、推理推断题、主旨大意题等。题材广泛，包括故事、日常生活、人物传记、科普知识、社会文化、自然风光等，体裁有记叙文、议论文、说明文和应用文。本专题目的在于帮助学生提高记叙文的解题能力，以帮助同学们高效复习。来源话题12023江苏宿迁中考男孩Nello和狗狗Patrasche的故事，告诉我们人类和动物可以互相帮助。22023辽宁中考通过国王决定找出修鞋匠快乐的答案告诉我们应该对自己有信心。32023湖南怀化中考一个叫Henry的企鹅想出去看看外面的世界，他不顾妈妈的劝阻离开了南极洲，起初看到外面美丽的景色很开心，随着水温越来越暖和他不得不停止自己的旅行，并且后悔没有听从妈妈的建议。42023四川广安中考通过鸟对女士和她丈夫的不同回报，告诉我们：我们善待别人，别人也会善待我们。52023辽宁阜新中考讲了小溪如何跨越沙漠的故事。告诉我们在生活中如果要克服困难走向成功，就应该改变你自己。62023内蒙古中考讲述公主和青蛙的故事告诉我们信守承诺的重要性。72024·云南昭通·一模讲一个圆环丢失了自己的一部分，在找回全部后，它发现反而因为滚得太快而错过了许多更美好的东西。告诉我们，残缺也是一种美。82024·江苏南通·一模西西里岛上的两位密友Damon和Pythias面临着友谊的考验。最终两人的友谊经受住了考验。92024·辽宁朝阳·一模通过龟兔赛跑的故事，引出了文章的主题——慢但是坚持不懈的人往往会成功。102024·广东深圳·二模《爱丽丝梦游仙境》的节选，主要讲述了爱丽丝不慎掉入兔子洞后的奇妙经历。112024·山东潍坊·一模在男孩的成长过程中，老树为男孩付出了很多东西。这里比喻父母对孩子的付出和爱。122024·江苏盐城·一模讲述了蜘蛛Charlotte和小猪Wilbur的故事，Charlotte帮助了Wilbur并死去了，Wilbur将帮助照顾她的孩子们132024·重庆九龙坡·一模文章通过猎人抓猴子的故事，教育孩子们要明智的选择战斗，知道什么时候放弃，什么时候继续前进，什么时候放开手中的东西。142024·广东梅州·一模一位美国商人就如何挣更多的钱并早点退休过上轻松生活给一位墨西哥渔民提出建议。殊不知，渔民现在就过着商人眼中的退休后的生活。重难诠释阅读理解之记叙文1、记叙文是以记叙、描写为主要表达方式，以记人、叙事、写景、状物为主要内容的文章，简单点说就是记录事情从开始到经过到结果的文章。记叙文四要素：人物时间地点事件（起因经过结果）2、记叙文考查特点：1）多考查细节和主旨；2）首段或尾段为议论抒情句，往往点明文章主旨；3、解题思路和技巧1、先读题后读文。读题时注意从题干中找出“题眼”（即题干关键词），带着问题读文，使阅读具有明确的目标。由于记叙文中多人物，地点，人物线索，题干中多有大写信息，所以很多题可以直接通过快速定位法查找到文章相应部分，快速解题。2、读文章时，找主题句，找首段或尾段的议论、抒情句。整体把握文章的主要内容和中心意思。记叙文多为总—分—总结构，主旨会出现在首尾，即首段明主旨或尾段点题或首尾呼应；且要先做主旨题，便于猜测和把握细节内容。3、答题时，具体题目涉及到相关段落，要对这些段落反复研读。重难通关练（2023中考真题建议用时：30分钟）（2023·江苏宿迁·中考真题）InFlanders,asmalltowninBelgium,livedalittleboycalledNello.Hebecameanorphan(孤儿)attheageoftwo.Thenhelivedwithhisgrandpainasmallhouse.Lifewasharderforthem.TheirlifedependedonNello’sgrandpa.Everymorning,theoldmanwouldcollectfreshmilkfromonehousetoanother.Hethenhadtoload(装载)themilkonacartandsentittothecity.Growingupalittleolder,NellowouldtrytohelphisgrandpatotravelfromFlanderstothecity.Oneday,asNelloandhisgrandpaweregoinghomefromthecitytheysawalargedoglyingonthesideoftheroad.Thedogwasmotionless.“Whathappened?”askedNello.“Isthedogdead?”Hisgrandpatouchedthenoseofthedogwithhishandandexaminedthebodyofthedog.HethensaidtoNello,“Thedogisseriouslyill.Wehavetotakehimtoavet(兽医),orhewilldie.”Withthewords,hisgrandpaputthedogonthecartandthetwowenthome.Thefactwasthatthedogwasabandoned(抛弃)byhismasterbecauseofhisseriousillness.Seeingthedyingdog,Nellowasheart-broken.Thekindheartedboytookgoodcareofhim.EventhoughNelloandhisgrandpadidnothaveenoughtoeat,hewouldstillfeedthedogwithmilkandbread.Daybyday,thedogbegantostandonhisfeetandbecamestrongerandstronger.“Weshouldgivehimaname,”saidNelloonedaytohisgrandpa.“That’sagoodidea,”repliedhisgrandpa.“Whatnamedoyouwanttogivehim?HowaboutPatrasche?”saidNello.“Patrascheisabeautifulname,”saidhisgrandpa.Fromthenon,Patraschebecameamemberofthefamily.Oneday,asNelloandhisgrandpaloadedthecartwithmilkandwerereadytostarttheirjourneytothecity,Patraschestoodinfrontofthecart.“Outoftheway,Patrasche,”saidNello.“We’llbelate.”ButPatrascherefusedtomove.HewassimplystaringatGrandpaandwagging(摇摆)histail.“Whatdoeshewanttodo?”askedNello.Hisgrandpasmiledandsaid.“IbelieveourPatraschewantstohelppullthecart.”HearingGrandpa’swords,Patraschewaswagginghistailevenharder.Patraschehadbeenbadlytreatedbyhismasterallhislife.NeverhadanyonetreatedhimnicelyasNelloandhisgrandpa.Patraschewasthankfulforthekindnesshereceived,sohewantedtohelp,GrandpatiedastripeonPatrasche,andhestartedtopullthecartrightaway.Fromthenon,peopleintownwouldseesuchascenealargedogwaspullingacartloadedwithmilkwiththegrandpapushingbehindandNellohelpingattheside.(AdaptedfromADogofFlanders)1．HowdidGrandparaisethefamily?A．Bytakingcareofadog. B．Byworkinginthecity.C．Byservingasavetinthetown. D．Bysendingmilkwithacart.2．WhatdoesPatrascheprobablymeanbywagginghistailevenharderinthestory?A．Hebecamealittlebittired. B．Hethoughthegotanewmaster.C．HewaswellunderstoodbyGrandpa. D．Hewassatisfiedwithhisnewname.3．Whatisthecorrectorderofwhathappenedinthestory?a.Patraschehelpedtopullthecart.

b.NellonamedthedogPatrasche.c.Nelloandhisgrandpafoundasickdog.

d.Patraschebecameamemberofthefamily.A．c-b-d-a B．a-c-b-d C．c-b-a-d D．a-c-d-b4．Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A．Honestycanmakeabigdifference.B．Humansandanimalscanhelpeachother.C．Lifewillbecomesweeterthroughhardwork.D．Abandonedanimalsarerealfriendsofhumans.（2023·辽宁·中考真题）Onceuponatime,therewasaking.Healwaysworriedaboutwhatmighthappeninthefuture.Oneday,thekingnoticedacobbler(修鞋匠).Althoughheworeragged(破旧的)clothes,hewasveryhappy.Howcouldhesmilesobrightly?Thekingdecidedtofindout.Thenextday,thekingdressedinragsandfollowedthecobblerhome.“Please,sir,canyougivesomefoodtome?”askedtheking.“Ofcourse,”saidthecobbler.“Whyareyousohappy?”“TodayImadeenoughmoneybyrepairingshoestobuythebread.”“Butwhatifyoudon’tmakeenoughmoneyforfoodtomorrow?”“Ihavefaith(信心).Everythingwillbefine.”Thistouchedtheking.Buthewonderedwhatwouldhappenifthecobblercouldn’tmakeenoughmoney.Sothenextday,thekingdidn’tpermitanyonetorepairshoes.Thecobblerwaspuzzled(困惑的),buthewasn’tdown.Whenhesawsomevillagerstryingtocarrywaterhome,hehelpedthemandgotcoinsfromthem.Thateveningthekingwenttothecobbler’shouseagain.Thecobblerwashavingsoupandsmiling.“Howcouldyoupayforthefoodtoday?”askedtheking.“Imademoneybyhelpingthevillagerscarrywater.”saidthecobbler.“Butwhatwillyoudotomorrow?”“Ihavefaith.Everythingwillbefine.”“Yourfaithhasdrivenawaymyfearaboutthefuture.Thankyou.”saidtheking.5．Thekingwasunhappybecausehe________toomuch.A．caredforhispeople B．lovedhismoneyC．worriedabouthisfuture D．missedhisfamily6．Thekingfollowedthecobblerhometofindout________.A．whatheate B．whyhewashappy C．ifhehadbread D．howmuchhemade7．Theunderlined(画线的)word“permit”means“________”.A．serve B．warn C．allow D．control8．Thecobblergotthemoneyby________whennobodyrepairedshoesthatday.A．carryingsand B．sellingwater C．repairingshoes D．helpingvillagers9．Thepassagetellsusthatweshould_________.A．havefaith B．learntoshare C．trustothers D．remembertorelax（2023·湖南怀化·中考真题）Antarctica(南极洲)isoneofthecoldestplacesintheworld.ThereisapenguincalledHenry.Theonlythinghedoesalldayistoswiminthecoldwater.Hedoesn’tlikehislifebecauseitisboringforhim.HewantstogooutandseetheworldoutsideAntarctica.Hetellsittohismother.However,hismotherdoesn’tallowhimtogoout.ButHenryleavesAntarctica.Atfirst,heissohappybecausethewaterisstillcoldandeverythingoutsideofAntarcticaisdifferentandbeautiful.Buthedoesn’tknowhismotherisfollowinghim.Asheswimsfaraway,hefindsthatthewateriswarmerandwarmer.Andhefeelsexhausted,sohehastostophistrip.Heisafraidanddoesn’tknowwhattodo.Atthattime,heseeshismother,“Ishouldlistentoyou,Mom.”Hismothersays,“It’sOK.Iamsureyouwon’tleaveAntarcticaanymore.”Atlast,HenryswimsbacktoAntarcticawithhismother.10．WheredoesHenrylive?A．InAfrica. B．InAsia. C．InAntarctica.11．WhatdoesHenrydoallday?A．Hetalkswithhismom. B．Heswimsinthecoldwater.C．Hesingsinthewater.12．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exhausted”mean?A．疲劳的 B．兴奋的 C．羞愧的13．Whereisthispassageprobablyfrom?A．Anewspaper. B．Astorybook. C．Areport.（2023·四川广安·中考真题）Awomankeptabirdandshereallylikedit.Butonedaythebirdflewaway.Thewomanwassadandwentouttolookforitonthemountainnearherhome.Atlast,shemetthebird.Thewomansaidexcitedly,“Willyoupleasegohomewithme,mybird?”Thoughthebirdwasalsohappytoseethewoman,itshookitshead.“Takemetoyourhomeandletmeseehowyoulive.”thewomansaid.Thebirdledthewomantoitsnewhome.Shefounditlivedwellwithmanyotherbirds.Soshedecidedtogobackhomealone.Beforeshewasleaving,thebirdgaveherabasket.Whenshereturnedhome,shetoldherhusbandwhathadhappened.Herhusbandopenedthebasketandsawalotofgold.Themanwasverygreedy(贪婪的)andhewenttothebird’shome,too.“Hello,mybird.Imissyouverymuch.”criedthemanfalsely(虚伪地).Infact,heusedtotreatthebirdbadly.Thebirdsaidnothing.Ittookouttwobaskets,alightoneandaheavyone.Thebirdaskedhimtochooseoneandhecouldopenitafterhereachedhome.Ofcourse,hechosetheheavyoneandtookithomewithgreatdifficulty.However,whenheopenedthebasket,hefounditwasfullofstones!14．Whatdidthewomandoonthemountain?A．Shewantedtovisitherfriend. B．Shefoundabasketfullofgold.C．Shelookedforherlostbird. D．Shelookedforgold.15．Thewomanwentbackhomealonebecause________.A．shefoundthebirdlivedwell B．thebirdgaveherabasketC．thebirddidn’tlikeher D．herhusbandaskedhertodothat16．Whydidthewoman’shusbandgotothebird’shome?A．Becausehelovedthebird.B．Becausehewantedtobringthebirdhome.C．Becausehewantedmorebaskets.D．Becausehewantedmoregold.17．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthewoman’shusband?A．Hegottwobasketsfromthebird. B．Hemissedthebirdverymuch.C．Hegotlotsofgoldatlast. D．Hedidn’ttreatthebirdwell.18．Whatdoesthestorymainlywanttotellus?A．Weshouldtryourbesttokeepmorebirds.B．Bekindtoothersanddon’tbegreedy.C．Kindpeoplecangeteverythingtheywant.D．Wecangetlotsofgoldifwearefriendlytobirds.（2023·辽宁阜新·中考真题）Littlestream(小溪)randownfromahighmountainthroughmanyvillagesandforests.Thenitreachedadesert.“Iwentthroughsomanydifficulties.Ishouldhavenoproblemcrossingthedesert,”shethought.Asshestarted,shefoundherselfslowlydisappearingintothesand.Aftermanytries,shestillfailed.“MaybeIcan’treachtheocean,”shesaidsadlytoherself.Atthistime,adeepvoicesaid,“Ifabreeze(微风)cancrossthedesert,socanariver.”Itwasthevoiceofthedesert.Butthelittlestreamanswered,“That’sbecauseabreezecanfly,butIcannot.”“That’sbecauseyoucan’tgiveupwhatyouare.Letyourselfevaporate(蒸发)intothebreeze,anditcantakeyouacross,”saidthedesert.“GiveupwhatIamnow?No!No!”Thelittlestreamcouldnotacceptthisidea.“Thebreezecancarrythevapor(蒸汽)acrossthedesertandletitleaveasrain.Therainwillformariveragain,”saidthedesert.“Andwhetheryou’reariverorvapor,yournatureneverchanges.”Hearingthis,thelittlestreamwentintotheopenarmsofthebreeze.Itcarriedhertothenextstageofherlife.Thecourseofourlivesisliketheexperienceofthelittlestream.Ifyouwanttogothroughdifficultiesinyourlifetoheadforsuccess,youshouldalsochangethewayyouare.19．Whichplacedidthelittlestreamwanttoreachfinally?A．Theforest. B．Theocean. C．Thedesert. D．Theriver.20．Thelittlestream________beforeshegottothedesert.A．didn’tmeetmuchdifficulty B．wasworriedaboutherselfC．wasconfidentaboutherself D．knewwellaboutthedesert21．Atfirst,thelittlestreamdidn’tacceptthedesert’sadvicebecause________.A．shewasn’tabletofly B．shefailedmanytimesC．shewasafraidofthebreeze D．shewouldn’tgiveupwhatshewas22．Thelittlestreamfinallycrossedthedesertby_________.A．evaporatingintothebreeze B．formingariverC．disappearingintothesand D．changinghernature23．Whatdoesthestorymainlytellus?A．Theroadtosuccessisnotalwayseasyandsmooth.B．Whateverotherssay,weshouldalwaysbeourselves.C．Tosucceed,weshouldchangethewayweareifnecessary.D．Wemayexperiencedifficultyinlifejustlikethelittlestream.（2023·内蒙古通辽·中考真题）Narrator:Thereoncewasaprettyprincesswhosefavoritetoywasagoldenball.Onedaytheprincesstossedtheballtoohigh,anditlandedinthewell.Astheprincesscriedoverherlosttreasure,sheheardsomeoneaskaquestion.Frog:Whyareyousosad,prettyprincess?Narrator:Theprincesslookedaroundandsawonlyafrog.Princess:Myfavoritegoldenballfellintothewell.Frog:Icanretrieveitforyou,butfirst,youmustagreetoonecondition.Youmustpromisetotakemehomeandbemyfriend.Narrator:Theprincessdidn’twanttobefriendswithafrog,butshepromisedanyway.Whenthefrogbroughthertheball,theprincesssnatcheditfromhimandhurriedhome.Frog:Whataselfishprincess!I’mcertainthatshehasforgottenherpromise.I’lljusthopovertothecastletoremindher.Narrator:Thefroghop-hop-hoppedthroughthegrassandknockedontheheavydoorofthecastle.Princess:Whatareyoudoinghere,youbumblingfrog?Frog:Dearprincess.Iamheretoremindyouofthepromiseyoumade.Narrator:Theprincessslammedthedoorinthefrog’sfacewithabigBANG.King:Iheardadoorslam.What’shappening?Ifyoumadeapromise,youmusthonorit.Narrator:Theprincesswasangrybutobeyedherfather.So,theking,theprincess,andthefrogenjoyeddinnertogether.Itwasmuttonstew,thecook’sspecially.Frog:Iwashungry,butnowI’mfull.Thankyoufordinner.Kindlyshowmetomybednow.Narrator:Theprincessdidasshewasasked,butthefroglookedsad.Frog:Youhavewelcomedmeintoyourhome,butIcantellthatyoudon’twanttobemyfriend.Narrator:Theprincess’sfacewentred,forwhatthefrogsaidwastrue.Shebentdowntokissthefrog,butendedupkissingaprince.Frog:Iamaprincewhowasturnedintoafrog,andyourkissturnedmeback.Thankyou,dearfriend.Narrator:Theprinceandprincesswerewonderfulfriendsfromthatdayonandlivedhappilyeverafter.24．Thereadingmaterialaboveis________.A．aplay B．apoem C．asurvey D．aninterview25．What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“retrieve”?A．putaway B．bringback C．carryaway D．cutdown26．Whydidthefroghopovertothecastle?A．Toaskthekingforhelp. B．Toenjoydinnerwithhisfriend.C．Togivetheballtotheprincess. D．Toremindtheprincessofherpromise.27．Whatistherightorderofwhattheprincessdidinthestory?①Shewentbacktothecastle.②Shebentdowntokissthefrog.③Shegothelpfromthefrogandmadeapromise.④Sheobeyedherfatherandatethemealwiththeguest.A．①③②④ B．②④③① C．③①④② D．③④①②28．Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A．Weshouldn’tbeafraidofmakingfriends.B．It’sapleasuretoseefriendsfromfaraway.C．Weshouldaskforhelpwhenweareintrouble.D．Onceyoumakeapromise,youmustkeepit.培优争分练（2024年最新模拟题建议用时：30分钟）（2024·云南昭通·一模）Once,acirclebroke.Itmissedasmallpartofitself.Thecirclewantedtobewhole,soitwentaroundandlookedforitsmissingpiece.But,becauseitwasn’tcomplete,itcouldroll(滚动)onlyveryslowly.Itsmelledtheflowersalongtheway.Ittalkedwiththeworms.Itenjoyedthesunshine.Itfoundlotsofdifferentparts,butnoneofthemfit.Itleftthemallbythesideoftheroadandkeptonsearching.Oneday,thecirclefoundaperfectpiece.Itwassoglad.Itcouldbewhole,withnothingmissing.Itfixeditselfandbegantoroll.Nowthatitwasaperfectcircle,itcouldrollveryfast,buttoofasttonoticetheflowersortotalktotheworms.Thecirclemissedtheflowersandtheworms.Itleftitsperfectpiecebythesideoftheroadandrolledslowlyaway.Perhapswearemorewholewhenwearemissingsomething.Insomeways,amanwhohaseverythingisapoorman.Hewillneverknowwhatitfeelsliketodreamofsomethingbetter.Hewillneverknowtheexperienceoffindingsomethinghehasalwayswantedandneverhad.29．Atfirst,thecirclerolledveryslowlybecauseit________.A．wantedtosmelltheflowers B．wastoosmalltorollquicklyC．wantedtoenjoythesunshine D．gotbrokenandwasn’twholeanymore30．Howdidthecirclefeelwhenitfoundtheperfectpiece?A．Happy. B．Upset. C．Angry. D．Surprised.31．Withtheperfectpieceon,thecirclefoundthat________.A．itrolledevenmoreslowly B．itcouldn’tenjoylifeanymoreC．thewormsdidn’twanttotalktoit D．theflowersweremorebeautiful32．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Thecircledidn’tliketheflowersandtheworms.B．Thecirclestoppedsearchingaftertryinglotsofdifferentparts.C．Thecirclethrewtheperfectpieceawayatlast.D．Beingperfectistheonlypurposeinourlives.33．Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A．Beingbrokenisworsethanbeingperfect. B．Beingperfectiseasyintheworld.C．Beingbrokenisanotherkindofbeauty. D．Thecirclebecamehappyafterfixingitself.（2024·江苏南通·一模）Longago,DamonandPythias,twoclosefriendsontheislandofSicily,facedatestoftheirfriendship.Dionysius,thekingofSicily,wasawfulycruel.Hehadmanyenemiesamonghispeople.Pythiaswasoneofthem.HeplannedtokillthekingandfreeSicilyfromhisrule.Dionysiusgotthewindofit,caughtPythiasandsentencedhimtodeath.“Doyouhaveanythingtosaybeforeyoudie?”askedDionysius.“Yes,”saidPythias.“Iwouldaskthatyougivemefivemoredaysoflife.Iwanttosaygoodbyetomyfamily.”“DoyouthinkIamstupid?”Dionysiuslaughed.“HowdoIknowyou’llcomeback?”“Youhavemyword.”“Doyouexpectmetotrustyou?Ineedsomeonetodieinyourplaceifyoudonotreturn.Doyouhavesuchafriend?”Aloudvoicecamefromthecrowd.“Yes!”Damonrushedforward.“I’mhisfriendDamon.I’llstayinprisonuntilhereturns,andI’lldieforhimifIhaveto.”Dionysiusstudiedthetwofriendssilently.“Well,”hefinallysaid.“Butyou’reafool!”“He’llkeephisword,”Damonreplied.PythiaswasthenallowedtoleaveandDamonwasthrownintoprison.Afterafewdays,Pythiashadn’tshownup.ThekingwenttotheprisontoseeifDamonregrettedhisdecision.“Yourtimeisalmostup.”Dionysiuslaughed.“Whatafoolyouare!”“He’llbeback,”Damonreplied.Thefinaldaycame.Atnoon,Damonwastakenfromhisprison.“Whatdoyouthinkofyourfriendnow?”askedDionysius.“Itrusthim,”Damoncalmlyanswered.“He’llbehere.”Fivehourspassed.ThekinglaughedatDamonagain.“Youvaluehislifemorethanyours!”Theexecutioner(行刑人)raisedhisaxe(斧子).Butjustbeforetheblow,avoicewasheardinthedistance:“SetDamonfree!”Pythiasrushedtohisfriend.“Myshipwasbroken.Somerobbersattackedme.IranasfastasIcould.Finally,I’mhere!”HeturnedtoDionysiusandsaid,“Freemyfriend!I’mreadytomeetmyexecutioner.”Dionysiusfoundhimselfstrangelymoved.“I’veneverseensuchafriendship,”saidtheking.“▲”34．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“gotthewindof”mean?A．gotangryat B．becameawareof C．wasinfearof D．wereworriedabout35．Whichisthecorrectorderofthefollowingevents?a.Damonwasputintoprison.b.Pythiasplannedtokilltheking.c.DamonwasabouttodieintheplaceofPhythias.d.Phythiaswasattackedbysomerobbers.e.Pythiasaskedthekingtogivehimfivedaysoflife.A．b-a-e-d-c B．b-a-c-d-e C．a-b-e-c-d D．b-e-a-d-c36．Whatmightthekingsayattheendofthestory?A．Bothmustdie!Theyareenemies. B．Neithershalldie!Theirfriendshipshalllive.C．Damonshalldie!Heissuchafool. D．Pythiasmustdie!Hevalueshisownlifemore.37．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．Thekingandhisfriend. B．AcruelKing.C．Everlastingfriends. D．Aselfishfriend.（2024·辽宁朝阳·一模）Iamsureyouknowthestoryoftheturtle(乌龟)andtherabbit.Ittaughtpeoplemanylessons.Oneoftheselessonsisthatpeoplewhohavealltheadvantages(thefast-jumpingrabbit)canbebeatenbythosewhohavenothingbutinner(内心的)strength(theslowturtle).Itistruethattheraceoflife,justliketheonebetweentherabbitandtheturtle,isoftenunfair.Somekidshavealltheluck.Theywerebornhealthyandtheirparentsarerich.Thesekidswearniceclothesandalwayshavemuchmoneytospendonanythingtheylike.Manyotherkids,however,havenoneofthesethings.Someofthemwereevenbornwithdisabilities.Theyhavetodependontheirinnerstrengthalone.Whilemanypeoplebelievethe“rabbits”arealwayssuccessful,thisisnottrue.Infact,the“turtles”—kidsfrompoorfamilies—havesomeofthemost.importantthingsforsuccess.Theyarehumble(谦逊的)anddetermined(有决心的).Theymarchforwardslowlybutwithgreatinnerstrength.AstudentfromTsinghuaUniversitysharedhispersonalexperienceonline.Insteadofhavingfunwithhisclassmatesoutside,hechosetogetapart-timejobandstudyhard.Heknewtherewouldbeplentyoftimeforfunoncehehadovercomeallofthedifficulties.Hisstorymayhaveencouraged“turtles”.Theraceoflifeislong.Evenifyougetofftoaslowstart,youcaneasilycatchupifyoumakeupyourmindtodoso.38．Whatcanwelearnfromthestoryoftheturtleandtherabbit?A．Onewhohasadvantagescansucceed.B．Onewhofearsnothingcansucceedeasily.C．Onewhohasinnerstrengthcangetsuccessfinally.D．Onewhoworkswithoutrestcangetsuccessmoreeasily.39．Whydoesthewritersay“theraceoflifeisoftenunfair”?A．Becauseeveryonewantstowintherace.B．Becausepeoplearetreateddifferentlyinlife.C．Becauseallthepeoplehavedifferentdreams.D．Becausenoteveryone’sstartingpointisthesame.40．WhyisastudentfromTsinghuaUniversitymentionedintheend?A．Tointroducehishardexperiencetous.B．Toencourageustoentergooduniversities.C．Toshowustheimportanceofstudyingintheuniversity.D．Tosupporttheideathatpoorstudentshavespecialthingsforsuccess.41．What’sthepurposeofwritingthetext?A．Toadviseustotrynewthings. B．Totellushowtosucceedquickly.C．Toshowusthepowerofinnerstrength. D．Toencourageustotakeraces.（2024·广东深圳·二模）“IfIgettaller,Icanreachthekeyonthetable.AndifIgetsmaller,Icanenterthegarden.”saidAlice.Thenshefinishedapieceofcake.Soonshegrewuptothreemetrestall.Shehurriedtothegardendooraftergettingthekey.Butshewastootall.Shecriedandfoundalargepoolofsaltwateraroundher.Suddenly,sheheardavoice.ItwastheWhiteRabbitagain.Hewashurryingdowntheroomwithapairofglovesandafan.“Hi,sir...”Alice’svoicefrightenedtheRabbit.Hedroppedtheglovesandthefanandranawayquickly.Alicepickedthemup.Shesaid,“Oh!Howstrange!ShallIgetsmalleragain?”Shefeltverylowagain.Feelingtoohot,Alicecooleddownwiththefan.Surprisingly,shefoundherselfwearingoneglove.“HowdidIgetit?”Shethought.“Oh,I’mgettingsmallernow.Howtostopit?”“Itmustbethefan!”SoAlicedroppeditquickly.“Thingsaregettingworse,”thoughtpoorAlice.Sheturnedawayfromthedoorandfellintosaltwaterthatwasthepoolofhertears.Aliceswamaroundandlookedforawayoutbutfailed.Thenshesawananimal,lookingbigbutonlyamouse.“ShallIspeaktoit?”thoughtAlice.“Everythingisverystrangehere,soperhapsitcanspeaktoo.”Thenshebegan,“Oh,Mouse,doyouknowthewayoutofthispool?”Themouselookedatherbutsaidnothing.“Perhapsit’saFrenchmouse.”RememberingthefirstsentenceinherFrenchbook,shesaid,“Where’smycat?”Thenthemousejumpedoutofthewaterangrily.42．WhathappenedtoAliceaftercompletingapieceofcake?A．Shebecamesmaller. B．Shefellintoapool.C．Shegrewtaller. D．Sheenteredthegarden.43．WhydidAlicebecomeunhappyagainwhentheWhiteRabbitranaway?A．Becauseshewasscaredaboutthefanandthegloves.B．BecauseshewasfrightenedthattheWhiteRabbitwouldcomebackagain.C．Becauseshewasworriedaboutgettingsmalleragain.D．Becauseshefeltstrangeaboutthepoolofsaltwater.44．WhatisthecorrectorderofwhathappenedtoAliceinthestory?a.Alicedroppedintothesaltwater.b.Alicemetamouseandspoketoit.c.AliceheardtheWhiteRabbithurryingdowntheroom.d.Alicegotthekeyandwenttothedoorinahurry.A．c-a-d-b B．c-d-b-a C．d-c-a-b D．b-d-a-c45．Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A．Alicegotthroughthedoorbeforefallingintothewater.B．Alicedidn’tstopgrowingsmalleraftershedroppedthefan.C．AlicementionedthecatinFrenchbecauseshewantedtofrightenthemouse.D．ThemousegotmadbecauseAlicespokeimpolitely.46．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthestory?A．TheWhiteRabbit’sgarden. B．Thestrangeroomandthekey.C．Anangrymouseandalittlegirl. D．Alice’sstrangeexperience.（2024·山东潍坊·一模）Onceuponatime,therelivedabigmangotree.Alittleboylovedtocomeandplayoniteveryday.Timewentby.Thelittleboygotabitolderandhenolongerplayedonthetree.Oneday,theboycamebacktothetreewithasadlookonhisface.“Comeandplaywithme,”thetreeaskedtheboy.“Iamnolongerakid.Idon’tplayontreesanymore.”theboyreplied.“Iwanttoys.Ineedmoneytobuythem.”“Sorry,Idon’thavemoney.Butyoucanpickmymangoesandsellthem,soyouwillhavemoney.”Theboywasexcited.Hepickedallthemangoesonthetreeandlefthappily.Twentyyearslater,theboyhadgrownintoaman.Hereturnedtothetreeagain.“Comeandplaywithme,”thetreesaid.“Idon’thavetimetoplay.Ihavetoworkformyfamily.Weneedahouse.”“Sorry,Idon’thaveahouse,butyoucancutoffmybranchestobuildyourhouse.”Themancutallthebranchesoffthetreeandlefthappily.Thetreewasgladtoseehimhappy.Fortyyearslater,themanreturned.Hewasmucholder.“Sorry,myboy,butIdon’thaveanythingforyouanymore,exceptmydyingroots(根),”thetreesaid.“Idon’tneedmuchnow,justaplacetorest.Iamtiredafteralltheseyears,”themanreplied.“Good!Oldtreerootsarethebestplacetoleanon(依靠)andrest.Comeandsitdownwithme.”Themansatdown.Thetreewasgladtoseehimonceagain.47．Whydidtheboypickallthemangoesonthetree?A．Becausehewantedtoeatthem.B．Becauseheneededmoneytobuytoys.C．Becausehedidn’twantotherpeopletoeatthem.D．Becausehewantedtosharethemwithhisfamily.48．Whendidthemanusuallycomebacktothemangotree?A．Wheneverhewasonholiday. B．Wheneverhemissedit.C．Wheneverheneededmoney. D．Wheneverhewasunhappy.49．Whatdidthetreewantfortheboy?A．Happiness. B．Health. C．Wealth. D．Success.50．Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A．Weshouldbethankfulfo