雨课堂学堂在线学堂云《Theory and application of data science( 南大)》单元测试考核答案

注：不含主观题第1题单选题(1分)Whatisthebasisfordata-drivendecision-making(DDD)?ASettingofdataBTheanalysisofdataCIntuitionDDataengineeringandprocessing第2题单选题(1分)WhichofthefollowingisNOTabenefitofDDD?AGreatertransparencyandaccountabilityBIthelpstogetfeedbackCFraudDetectionandPreventionDorganizationshaveconsistencyovertime第3题单选题(1分)Howmanystepscandata-drivendecisionmakingbedividedintoinpractice?A5B6C7D8第4题单选题(1分)Whatistheultimategoalofdataanalysis?AFindinginsightsandcommunicatingtheminauseful,engagingwayBDiscoverandcorrectdatafilesCAssistedDecisionMakingDDiscoverthechangingtrends第5题多选题(2分)Whichofthefollowingareasareincludedindatascience?ADatacleaningBDatapreparationCDataanalysisDDatacreation正确答案：ABC第6题多选题(2分)Whichofthefollowinggroupsaredatascienceproducts?ARawdataBAlgorithmsCDecisionsupportDAutomaticdecision-making正确答案：ABCD第7题判断题(1分)datascienceisdealingwithunstructuredandstructureddata.第8题判断题(1分)Inthenarrowsense,adatascienceproductisaproductfacilitatedwithaparticulardatasciencetechnique.Section2Test第1题单选题(1分)Thereisadatasetconsistingofthefulltextofseveralpapers.Fromthepointofviewofdatastructure,whatdatatypemightitnotbe?AstructureddataBsemi-structureddataCunstructureddataDtextdata第2题单选题(1分)WhichofthefollowingtypesofdatadoDatebelongto?AContinuousdataBDiscretedataCCategoricaldataDOrdereddata第3题单选题(1分)WhichofthefollowingdescriptionsofRectangularDataisincorrect?APythonandRcanhousesuchdatain“dataframes.”BAsingletableinarelationaldatabasewouldbeanexampleofrectangulardataCTextdataisnotnormallyconvertedtothistypeDItiseasiertoanalyzethanothertypesofdata第4题单选题(1分)WhichofthefollowingdescriptionsofExploratorydataanalysis(EDA)isincorrect?AoftenemployingdatavisualizationmethodsBprimarilyusedtoseewhatdatacanrevealbeyondtheformalmodelingorhypothesistestingtaskCdevelopedbyAmericanmathematicianJohnTukeyDcontinuetobeawidelyusedmethodinthedatacollectionprocesstoday第5题多选题(2分)UsinglongdataorwidedataformattostoreGDPdataof12countriesfrom2000to2005,itsdimensionmaybeA12*6B12*6*2C72*2D72*3正确答案：AD第6题多选题(2分)IndefaultRboxplot,itextendsthewhiskerstothefurthestpointbeyondthebox,exceptthatitwillbethe_______________timesoftheIQRA95%B100%C175%D200%正确答案：CD第7题判断题(1分)Inadensityplot,whichshowsthedistributionofdatavaluesasacontinuousline.第8题判断题(1分)Thestandardwaytovisualizetherelationshipbetweentwonumericalvariablesiswithascatterplot.Section3Test第1题单选题(1分)WhichofthefollowingdescriptionsofRisincorrect?AalanguageandenvironmentdesignedforstatisticalcomputingandgraphicsBanintegratedsuiteofsoftwarefacilitiesfordatamanipulation,calculation,andgraphicaldisplayCopen-sourcedDincludesintegrateddevelopmentenvironments第2题单选题(1分)Whichofthefollowingcode

willbeErrorinR?Alibrary(dplyr)Blibrary(“dplyr”)Clibrary(dplyr);Dlibrary(dplyr;)第3题单选题(1分)ThefollowingoptionsthatcanbeusedasvariablenamesinRisAa.B_matB'A0529.csv'C`wow`DNULL第4题单选题(1分)Whichofthefollowingcode

cannotgettheoutput“[1]6”inRconsoleA1+eger('5')B1+eger('6-1')Ceger(31/5)Das.numeric(30/5)第5题多选题(2分)forthecode“data=data.frame(a=1:3,b=4:6,c=10:12,d=5)”,whichofthefollowingcanselectcolumnsnamed“b”and“c”indata.Adata[,c(2,3)]Bdata[,-c(1,4)]Cselect(data,b,c)Ddata[,c(b,c)]正确答案：ABC第6题多选题(2分)Whichofthefollowingfunctionnamescorrespondscorrectlytofunctioncapabilitiesindplyrpackage?Amutate():addnewcolumnsthatarefunctionsofexistingcolumnsBfilter():functionallowsustoselectasubsetofrowsinadataframeCarrange():reordersdatainsteadoffilteringorselectingrowsDsummarise():performdescriptivestatisticsonthedata正确答案：ABC第7题判断题(1分)Whenprogramming,wealwaysmeetwithsomeissues.It’sagoodideaforustosolvetheissuesbyaskingothersforhelp.第8题判断题(1分)Intidyr,thegather()functionandspread()functionmaketheoppositeeffectSection4Test第1题单选题(1分)Whichchartis

usedtocomparetwoormorevalueswithonlyonevariableandareusuallyusedfortheanalysisofsmallerdatasets?ABarchartBlinechartCbubbleplotDpiechart第2题单选题(1分)Whichchartcanshowtherelationshipbetweenincome,lifeexpectancy,andpopulationnumberofresidentsondifferentcontinents?ABarchartBlinechartCbubbleplotDpiechart第3题单选题(1分)ggplot2allowsuserstobuildaplotlayer-by-layerbyspecifying.Whichonereferstothegraphicalprimitivetodrawonthefigureaccordingtothemapping?AMappingBGeomCStatDPosition第4题单选题(1分)Whichisthedatatypethatggplpt2canaccept?ADataframeobjectBMatricesCListsDArray第5题多选题(2分)Wheredoesdatavisualizationplayanimportantrole?ADatavisualizationallowsustousesomegraphicstoreflectthosecomplexinformation.Decision-makerscaneasilyinterpretthemeaningbehindthedata.BDatavisualizationhelpsorganizerstoquicklyseetrendsandoutliersthroughmulti-dimensionaldisplayandpermutationandcombination.CDatavisualizationenablesdecision-makerstotracethecausefromtheresultsbetter.Thespecificcaseisthatdatavisualizationallowsuserstotracktheconnectionbetweenoperationsandoverallbusinessperformance.DThroughthecombinationoftheabovethreepoints,datavisualizationwillhelptheorganizermakedecisions.正确答案：ABCD第6题多选题(2分)WhatarethemainadvantagesofRggplot2graphicsgrammar?ATheuseoflayerdesignisconducivetostructuredthinkingtorealizedatavisualization.BSeparatingthegraphicdetails'characterizationdatacanquicklyexpressthegraphics,makingcreativedrawingeasiertoachieve.CTheexpansionpackageisupdatedquicklyDThegraphicsarebeautiful.Theextensionpackageisrich.正确答案：ABD第7题判断题(1分)Apiechartisacircularstatisticalchartdividedintoseveralsectorstodescribetherelativerelationshipbetweenvolume,frequency,orpercentage.第8题判断题(1分)ggplot2isanRpackagefromthetidyversepackage.Section5Test第1题单选题(1分)OrdinalLeastSquareMethodisamathematicalmethodusedtofindthebestfitlinethatrepresentstherelationshipbetweenanindependentanddependentvariableinsuchawaythattheerroris（）AminimizedBnullCmaximizedDneglected第2题单选题(1分)Whenwefitalinetothedataandfindtheequationoftheline,wehavethreevariablesintotal,onedependentandtwoindependent.

Therefore,theplotis().Aone-dimensionalBtwo-dimensional

Cthree-dimensionalDfour-dimensional第3题单选题(1分)Ay1-a1x1By1-a0Cy1-a0-a1Dy1-a0-a1x1第4题单选题(1分)Which

of

the

followingsignificancelevelsisnotoftenchosenbyresearchers?()A

0.01B

0.05C

0.10D

0.50第5题多选题(2分)Whataretheapplicationscenarioofregression?()ATheregressionmightbeusedtoidentifythestrengthoftheeffectthattheindependentvariable(s)haveonadependentvariable.BTheregressioncanbeusedtoforecasteffectsorimpactofchanges.CTheregressioncanpredicttrendsandfuturevalues.DTheregressionaimsatfindinganumericalvaluethatexpressestherelationshipbetweenvariables.正确答案：ABC第6题多选题(2分)What

are

the

advantagesof

linearregression？()AItissimpletoimplementandeasiertointerpretespeciallywhentherelationshipbetweentheindependentanddependentvariableislinear.BItcanusesometechniquesandcross-validationtoavoidover-fitting.CItissusceptibletooutliersbecauseitover-simplifiesreal-worldproblemsbyassumingalinearrelationshipbetweenthevariables.DItmaynotbetrueorcomplete.正确答案：AB第7题判断题(1分)We

can

usecorrelationanalysistopredictadriver'straveltimeby

using

milestraveledandnumberofdeliveries.（)第8题判断题(1分)Forlinearregressionmodels,boththeinputvalues(x)andtheoutputvalue(y)shouldbenumeric.()Section6Test第1题单选题(1分)Whichofthefollowingisnotatypeofclassificationproblem？ABinaryClassificationBMulti-ClassClassificationCMulti-LabelClassificationDMulti-strategyclassification第2题单选题(1分)Thefirstpartoftheprogressofclassificationis____.Atheleftmostx-sequenceBtheTrainingdataCtheclassifierDthepredictedcategoryresult第3题单选题(1分)

Ifacaseisnegativeandismistakenforpositivebytheclassifier,wecallit_______.AtruepositiveBtruenegativeCfalsepositiveDfalsenegative第4题单选题(1分)Whichofthefollowingtypesofalgorithmslogisticregressionbelongto?AUnsupervisedlearningalgorithmBSupervisedlearningalgorithmCSemi-supervisedlearningalgorithmDClusteringAlgorithm第5题多选题(2分)WhichofthefollowingalgorithmsbelongtotheclassifiersofNaiveBayes?AMultinomialNaiveBayesBBernoulliNaiveBayesCLogisticNaiveBayesDGaussiannaiveBayes正确答案：ABD第6题多选题(2分)Accordingtoitsoutputdatatypes,thecategoriesoflogisticregressioninclude_____.AbinaryBordinal

CnominalDcontinuous正确答案：ABC第7题判断题(1分)"Pruning"isthemainmethodofdecisiontreealgorithmtodealwith"overfitting".Infact,itistoreduceoverfittingbyremovingsomeriskybranches.第8题判断题(1分)Logisticregressionishardtoimplementandwidelyusedinindustrialpracticebecauseofitshugecalculation.Section7Test第1题单选题(1分)Whichdistancemeasurementcancalculatethedistanceinhigherdimensions?ASMCBJaccarddistanceCEuclideandistanceDManhattandistance第2题单选题(1分)Whichdistancemeasurementisabetterchoicewhencalculatingthedistancebetweentwodocuments?ACosinedistanceBEuclideandistanceCSMCDManhattandistance第3题单选题(1分)WhichdescriptionaboutclusteringbelowisNOTtrue?AComparedtoclassification,clusteringdoesn’trequirepriorknowledge.BClusteringcanserveasapreprocessingstepbeforeregressionorclassificationtasks.CClusteringisawaytogai