宾语从句语法总结人教版（2012）九年级英语全册

人教版（2012）英语九年级全册宾语从句核心语法总结宾语从句三要素（一）引导词1.引导陈述句的宾语从句，用that连接，that在句中无实际含义，通常可省略。Shesays（that）shewilllearntoplaythepiano.（她说她要学弹钢琴）Webelieve（that）hardworkleadstosuccess.（我们相信努力会带来成功）。2.引导一般疑问句的宾语从句，用if或whether连接，两者均表“是否”。Heasksif/whetherwewillattendthemeetingtomorrow.（他问我们明天是否参加会议）Iwonderif/whethertheshopisopenonweekends.（我想知道这家店周末是否营业）。注意有些场景只能用whether，比如介词之后、todo不定式之前，以及与ornot连用。I’mworriedaboutwhetherIcanpasstheexam.（我担心自己能否通过考试，介词后用whether）Shecan’tdecidewhethertogoabroad.（她无法决定是否出国，todo前用whether）Couldyoutellmewhetheryoulikethegiftornot?（你能告诉我你是否喜欢这份礼物吗，与ornot连用）。3引导特殊疑问句的宾语从句，用特殊疑问词（who/whom/whose/which/what/when/where/why/how等）连接。Hedoesn’tknowwherehiskeysare.（他不知道他的钥匙在哪里）Sheaskedhowshecouldimproveherlisteningskills.（她问如何能提高听力水平）。若主句和从句的主语一致，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+todo”结构。10.Shewondershowshecangettothestation.=Shewondershowtogettothestation.（她想知道怎么去车站）Hedoesn’tknowwhatheshoulddonext.=Hedoesn’tknowwhattodonext.（他不知道接下来该做什么）。（二）语序宾语从句必须用陈述句语序，即“引导词+从句主语+从句谓语”，不能保留原疑问句的倒装语序。正确：Doyouknowwherehelives?（你知道他住在哪里吗，从句用陈述句语序helives）错误：Doyouknowwheredoeshelive?（三）时态主句是一般现在时，从句的时态根据实际语境灵活选择，可根据需要用一般现在时、一般将来时、现在完成时等。Ourteachertellsusthatpracticemakesperfect.（老师告诉我们熟能生巧，从句表客观事实用一般现在时）IhearthattheyhavevisitedBeijingtwice.（我听说他们已经去过北京两次了，从句用现在完成时）Hesayshewillgohikingnextmonth.（他说他下个月要去徒步，从句用一般将来时）。3.主句是一般过去时，从句通常要用相应的过去时态，保持时态一致。Shesaidshewouldetotheparty.（她说她会来参加派对，主句过去时，从句用过去将来时）Theytoldmetheyhadfinishedtheirhomework.（他们告诉我他们已经完成作业了，主句过去时，从句用过去完成时）配套练习一、选择合适的引导词填空（that/if/whether/what/when/where/why/how）1.Idon’tknow______hewilletothepartyornot.2.Sheasked______Iboughtthebookyesterday.3.Couldyoutellme______thenearestpostofficeis?4.Hetoldus______hehadvisitedthreecountriesbefore.5.Theywonder______theycansolvetheproblemquickly.二、改正下列句子中的错误（语序或时态问题）1.Doyouknowwhereisthenearestbank?2.HesaidthathewillgotoShanghainextweek.3.Iwanttoknowwhatdidshedolastnight.4.Myteachertoldmethatthemoonwentaroundtheearth.三、将下列句子改为宾语从句1.Willtheyhaveapicnicthisweekend?Sheasks.2.HowcanweimproveourEnglish?Wediscuss.3.Thesunrisesintheeast.Ourteachertoldus.四、将下列宾语从句简化为“疑问词+todo”结构1.Shedoesn’tknowhowshecangettotheairport.2.Heisthinkingaboutwhatheshouldbuyforhismother.练习答案一、选择合适的引导词填空1.whether2.if/whether3.where4.that5.how二、改正下列句子中的错误1.Doyouknowwherethenearestbankis?（语序错误，改为陈述句语序）2.HesaidthathewouldgotoShanghainextweek.（时态错误，主句过去时，从句用过去将来时）3.Iwanttoknowwhatshedidlastnight.（语序错误，改为陈述句语序）4.Myteachertoldmethatthemoongoesaroundtheearth.（时态错误，客观真理用一般现在时）三、将下列句子改为宾语从句1.Sheasksif/whethertheywillhaveapicnicthisweekend.2.WediscusshowwecanimproveourEnglish.3.Ourteachertoldusth