八年级下册英语介词辨析-学习-外语学习-教育专区含解析

八年级下册英语介词辨析_学习_外语学习_教育专区含解析一、选择题1．Itissaidthat______bridgewasbuiltin______MingDynasty.A．a;aB．the;theC．a;theD．the;a2．Thissummer’sfirstheavyrainfallturnedKunming,________capitalcityofYunnanprovinceinto________worldofwater.A．a,a B．a,the C．/,a D．the,the3．---Haveyoumovedto_______newflat?---Notyet,thebuildingisunder_______construction.A．a;the B．the;/ C．/;/ D．/;the4．Johnis______Europeanbutdoesn’tknoworspeak______Englishlanguageatall.A．an，a B．a，the C．the，an D．a，不填5．Hewasmade_____captainofthespaceshipduringthevisitin______space.A．\;the B．\;\ C．the;\ D．a;the6．Nokia,_______world’slargestmobilephoneproducer,isgoingtofound_______newresearchcenterinChina.A．a;a B．a;the C．the;the D．the;a7．---Didyouseethenewmoviedirectedbythatfamousdirector?It’ssaidtobe______greatsuccess.---No,Ihavebeenbusypreparingalltheoffice______thesedays.A．/;equipments B．the;equipment C．/;equipment D．a;equipment8．—What________excitingnewsreportTomwrote!IthinkIshouldreadittoallofyou.—Really?What________goodadviceitis!A．\;a B．an;a C．an;\ D．\;\9．Tosavetime,manystudentshave_________lunchatschooleveryday.A．a B．an C．/ D．the10．Therewillbe____one﹣hourdocumentarytonightonTV．Ittellsastoryoftheboyinthemountainvillagefaraway．A．a B．an C．the D．/11．---Excuseme,isthere________bookbyMoYan?---Yes.It’son_________bookshelfoverthere.A．a;/ B．a;the C．/;the D．the;a12．ThenovelTheHunchbackofNotreDame（《巴黎圣母院》）tellsusthat________uglypersonmayhaveabeautifulmind.A．/ B．the C．a D．an13．—Isthis________newcomputeryourmothergaveyouasyourbirthdaypresent?—Yes.Ihaveneverseen________betteronebefore.A．the;a B．a;a C．a;the D．the;the14．Lifehas________valueonlywhen________hassomethingvaluableasitspurpose.A．an;/ B．the;it C．/;one D．a;it二、选择题15．Thegirlgotanewbikefromherfatherandsheloves________colourverymuch.A．it B．itself C．its D．it’s16．—Jeffreyalwaysremainedcalmandmasteredhisownfeelings.—Nowonderheisa________.A．somebody B．anybody C．nobody D．everyone17．Theyhaveprovidedseveralwaystosolvetheproblem.Wecanchoose_________tostartwith.A．it B．that C．one D．each18．Thenewworkshopcannotonlyhelpstudentslearndifferentskillsbutalsoteach_________tocareaboutothers.A．they B．them C．their D．themselves19．Thechairmanthought________necessarytoinviteProfessorJohnsontospeakatthemeeting.A．that B．it C．this D．him20．—Didyougotothepopulartouristattractionyesterday?—Yes.Afterwaitingforhourstogetin,Ifound________tootiredtofinishthetour.A．it B．me C．itself D．myself21．—Ifyouarebuyingtoday'sSuzhouDaily,couldyouget________forme?—I'mgladtohelpyou.A．it B．this C．one D．that22．—Sam,therearesomanyspellingmistakesinyourpaper.Youshouldtrynottorepeat________.—Sorry,Mr.White.I'llbemorecarefulfromnowon.A．it B．its C．them D．theirs三、选择题23．Oneperson’s________doesn’tdependonhowmuchmoneyhehasmade,butonhowmanycontributionshehasmadetoourcountry.A．experience B．value C．wealth D．career24．ThenumberofthepeopleusingHuawei_______isgettinglargerandlargerA．cultures B．customers C．histories D．products25．Thefatherputhisson’stoytogetherbyfollowingthe________.A．instructions B．inventions C．collections D．invitations26．Thenewhigh-speedrailwayconnectingZhenjiangtoLianyungangisnowin________anditsavesalotoftime.A．surprise B．spirit C．silence D．service27．The________onthedeskisforyou.ItsaysMr.Leeiscomingtovisityoutomorrow.A．advice B．lesson C．paper D．message四、选择题28．—Peter,haveyouheardofthesongLetitgo?—Yes,itsounds_________andit'spopularamongyoungpeople.A．nice B．bad C．terrible D．strange29．Althoughthismaysoundlikea________process,greatcareisneeded.A．stupid B．similar C．simple D．strict30．You’vewatchedtheboringsoapoperathousandsoftimes!Whydon’tyougooutsideandfindsomething________doing?A．useful B．cheerful C．enjoyable D．worth31．HeleniswatchingabasketballmatchWhichisshown________onTV.Thoughheisnotonthescene,hecanstillcheerforhisteam.A．lively B．live C．living D．alive五、选择题32．Let’svote________China’sInspirationalRoleModels(感动中国人物)________theInternet,shallwe?A．for;in B．to;on C．on;over D．for;on33．Someofthetechnologywe’veseenonscreenis________ourabilitytocreate.Butthatmightnotbetrueforlong.A．against B．during C．beyond D．through34．AnewbridgetheYangtzeRiverinNanjingopenedtotrafficonDec.24,2020.A．through B．over C．on D．along35．Intheend，MrSongcameup____agoodmethodtosolvetheproblem．A．for B．at C．in D．with36．—It'sreportedthatStanleyHoHung-sunpassedawayonMay26thattheageof98.—Thewholecountryfeltsadaboutthat.Asasuccessfulbusinessman,hiscontributiontosocietyandloveforthemotherlandwentfar________hiswealth.A．beside B．over C．beyond D．above六、选择题37．________thewayyoutalk.Youwon’twanttomakeothersfeeluncomfortable.A．Payattentionto B．HoldontoC．Comeupwith D．Endupwith38．—Hi,Simon!Youlooksoexcited.Whathappened?—Wewonthefootballmatch,andtheresult________tobebetterthanexpected.A．turnedout B．foundout C．workedout D．cameout39．—Sorryto________yourvaluabletime.—It’sOK.A．takeoff B．takeup C．takeout D．takein七、选择题40．—________IseeyourIDcard?Wehavetocheckyourpersonalinformation.—Sure.Hereyouare.A．May B．Need C．Should D．Must八、选择题41．—CGTNcoveredthelaunchofthecorecapsule(核心舱),namedTianhe,intospace________.—________greatmomentforourmothercountry!A．lively;How B．live;Whata C．live;How D．lively;Whata42．________usefuldictionaryitis!Iwanttobuyone.A．What B．Whata C．How D．Howa43．Look!________therollercoaster________!A．Howhighspeed;ismoving B．Whathighspeed;ismovingC．Howhighspeed;ismovingat D．Whathighspeed;ismovingat44．—_________happyJohnlooks!HewonthefirstprizeintheEnglishspeechcompetition．—_________greatprogresshehasmade!HisEnglishusedtobeprettybad．A．Howa;What B．How;Whata C．Whata;How D．How;What45．________hehasprovidedforus!A．Whatausefuladvice B．WhatusefulsuggestionsC．Howusefultheadvice D．Howusefulsuggestions九、选择题46．—________isitfromyourhometothebank?—Abouttenminutes’walk.A．Howoften B．Howfar C．Howlong D．Howmuch47．－willtheinvitationsbesenttoourguests?－Inthreedays.A．Howoften B．Howsoon C．Howlong D．Howfar48．—________isitfromyourhometoschool?—It’sabouttenminutes’walk.A．Howlong B．Howfar C．Howmany D．Howmuch49．—________doesyourfatherplaytennisafterwork?—EveryTuesdayandThursday.A．Howoften B．Howsoon C．Howmuch D．Howlong十、选择题50．—WhenshallwehandinourbookreviewonTheKiteRunner?—Assoonasit________.A．completes B．iscompleted C．willcomplete D．willbecompleted51．Whenthenewcitysquare________nextyear,itwillbeagoodplaceforpeopletorelax.A．willbefinished B．isfinishing C．wasfinished D．isfinished52．—Excuseme,Mum.Whencanwehavedinner?—Notuntilit___________inhalfanhour.A．isprepared B．hasbeenpreparedC．willbeprepared D．wasprepared53．Theschoolhall________nextweektocelebratethisyear'sScience&TechnologyFestival.A．isdecorated B．willdecorate C．isdecorating D．willbedecorated54．一Myfather'sofficeisintheeastofthecity.Hespendstwohoursdrivingtoandfromworkeveryday.一Itwillbeeasierforhimwhentheroad________nextmonth.A．repairs B．isrepaired C．willrepair D．willberepaired55．—ThefilmCoco________withtheOscarAwardnotlongago.—That’sgreat!Itdeservessuchahighprize.A．presents B．presented C．ispresented D．waspresented十一、选择题56．Atpresentmoreandmorepeople_______clothesonlinetosavetimeandmoney.A．boughtB．hadboughtC．willbuyD．arebuying57．Still,poverty________peopleinAfrica.However,therearesmallvictoriesindicatingagoodstarttowardsabetterfuturebecausetheyaretaughthowtofish.A．killsB．iskillingC．haskilledD．killed58．—WhyaretheWoodssellingtheirbelongings?—Theytoanothercity.A．hadmoved B．havemoved C．moved D．aremoving59．--HaveyouseenTonyrecently?--No,butI________dinnerwithhimonSunday．A．wouldhave B．havehadC．havebeenhaving D．amhaving60．Foodsuppliesintheearthquakearea________.Wemustactimmediatelybeforethere’snoneleft.A．arebeingrunout B．arerunningoutC．haverunout D．havebeenrunout61．—Areyoufreetomorrow?Iwaswonderingifwecouldhavelunchtogether.—No,I'mafraidnot.IJohnthen.A．ammeeting B．met C．havemet D．wasmeeting62．—Helen,howwasyourEnglishcompetitiononMonday?—Ihavenoidea,I_________fortheresult.Iwastolditwouldcomeoutintwodays.A．waswaiting B．waited C．willwait D．amwaiting十二、选择题63．________heusedtobe200kilosinthepast,hehaslosttoomuchweightbyexercisingnow.A．Although B．So C．Until D．But64．Airpollutionisbecomingmoreandmoreserious,actionsmustbetakentostopit.A．so B．but C．or D．until65．Thejacketisnice,_________itdoesn’tlookgoodonme.A．so B．if C．but D．or66．Theteammetalotofdifficulties,______theynevergaveupandwonthegameatlast.A．or: B．and C．but D．so67．I'dliketostaylonger,I'mtoobusy.A．andB．butC．orD．until68．Imustgobackhomebefore11p.m.,________myfatherwillbeangrywithme.A．and B．or C．so D．but十三、选择题69．—Doyouknow_________atthistimelastnight?—Sorry,Idon’tknow.A．whatsheisdoing B．whatshewasdoingC．whatisshedoing D．whatwasshedoing70．—Couldyoutellme________?—Sure,I’llcomebackinthreedays.A．whenwillyoucomeback B．howlonghaveyoustayedthere C．whyyouwentthere D．howsoonyouwillcomeback71．—Areyoulookingforwardtothepicnictomorrow?I’mwondering________.—Let’smakeitathalfpast6.A．wherewillwehaveapicnicB．whatwewilldoandseeC．howwillweclimbupthemountainD．whenwewillmeetattheschoolgate72．—I’mexcitedaboutHuawei’snewsmartphones.Doyouknow________?—Nextmonth.A．howcanIgetone B．whenwilltheycomeoutC．howIcangetone D．whentheywillcomeout73．—AbouttheChineseDream,couldyoupleasetellus________,Mr.Wang?—Bypullingtogether.A．howcanwemakeitcometrue B．howwecanmakeitcometrueC．whencanwemakeitcometrue D．whenwecanmakeitcometrue74．–Excuseme,couldyoutellme？--Goalongthisstreetuntilyouseesomebuildingswithgoldenroofs.A．howIcangotoTianningTemple(天宁寺)B．howoftenyougotoTianningTempleC．howsoonyouwillgotoTianningTempleD．howmanytimesyouhavebeentoTianningTemple75．Thestudentsarediscussing________.A．whytheyareoftenunderstress B．whendidTomsawadoctorC．whowouldteachthemEnglish D．whetherisstressabigproblem十四、选择题76．—It’seasytocleanupallthetrashifweeachoffertohelp.—Yes.______.A．ManyhandsmakelightworkB．ThereisnosmokewithoutfireC．Wherethereisawill,thereisawayD．Atruefriendreachesforyourhandandtouchesyourheart77．—Ispentthewholenightpreparingmyreport.—Don’tstayuptoolate,oryouwillbetiredout.Remember,.A．itneverrainsbutitpoursB．youcan’tburnthecandleatbothendsC．youcan’tputallyoureggsinonebasketD．thegrassisalwaysgreenerontheotherside78．“_________”meansthatyouhavetodosomethingbeforeothersinordertobesuccessful.A．Amissisasgoodasamile. B．Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.C．Theearlybirdcatchestheworm. D．WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.79．—Volunteerstriedtheirbesttocleantheparklastweekend.—________.Andeveryonecanmakeanefforttoprotecttheenvironment.A．Practicemakesperfect B．ManyhandsmakelightworkC．East,west,homeisbest D．Burnthecandleatbothends80．—Ihopetogetthehighestgradesinthefinalexams.—________.Youneverworkhard.A．Worklikeadog B．InyourdreamsC．Everydoghasitsday D．Putallyoureggsinonebasket81．—I'mgoingtogiveatalkontheDragonBoatFestivaltotheexchangestudents.—Great!Butdon'tforgettotellthem______.A．whatshouldtheyeatatthefestivalB．whypeopleenjoythefullmoonC．whatkindofraceisoftenheldD．Howdopeoplecelebrateit十五、选择题82．—Onlythosewhohavealotincommoncangetalongwell.—________Oppositessometimesattract.A．Ithinkso. B．Idon’tthinkso. C．Idon’tcare. D．Ihopeso.83．—Thankyouforhelpingtobuildhospitalsduringthisspecialperiod.—________!Manyhandsmakelightwork.A．Mypleasure B．Allright C．Nevermind D．Noneofmybusiness84．—ImissedthebasketballgamelastSaturdaybecauseIhadanexam.—________,butitwillberepeatedonTV.A．Takeiteasy B．Youarelucky C．That’swonderful D．Nevermind十六、选择题85．Thedriverwantedtoparkhiscarneartheroadsidebutwasaskedbythepolice________.A．nottodo B．donot C．notdo D．nottodoso86．Mr.GreafoundTomanovelinclasswhenhecamein.A．isreading B．reading C．read D．toread87．WhenTomsawhismother______forhimonacoldwinternight,hecouldn’tkeepbackhistears.A．wait B．waited C．towait D．waiting88．—Whydoyouspeakin_________aloudvoice?—BecauseIwanttomakemyself________clearly.A．such;hear B．so;heard C．such;heard D．so;hear89．Therubbish________everydayisbecomingaseriousproblemincitiesaroundtheworld.A．produce B．produced C．producer D．producing90．Thegirlissohelpfulthatshedevotedallhersparetimeshehad________others.A．tohelping B．helping C．tohelp D．helped91．Paulisreallyconsidering________himselfto________thosechildrenintheearthquake-hitarea.A．todevote,teaching B．devoting,teaching C．devoting,teach D．todevote,teach92．—Atweekends,myparentsoftengocyclingwithmearoundtheFishmouthWetlandPark.—That'sgreat!Butmyparentsaretoobusy________operationstosparemeanytime.A．todo B．done C．doing D．do93．_____aGPSwillmake_____easierforyoutovisitastrangeplace.A．Take;it B．Totake;that C．Taking;it D．Take;that94．—Youdon’tknowwhatgreatdifficultyIhad________thetwotickets.—Butthefilmisreallyworth________twice.A．getting;seeing B．toget;seeingC．getting;beingseen D．got;tosee95．Parentsalwayswarntheirchildren________thescissorsbecausetheyaredangerous.A．tonotuse B．notuse C．nottouse D．notusing96．—Wouldyoupleaseshowmehow______theApp“MyYancheng”?—Noproblem.A．use B．touse C．using D．used十七、选择题97．Sofar,China________theworld’slargesthighwaynetwork,withatotallengthof160,000kilometers.A．builds B．built C．willbuild D．hasbuilt98．StanLee,afamousAmericancomicbookwriter,foraboutfivemonths,butthefictionalcharactersheco-createdarestillaliveonscreen.A．died B．hasdied C．hasbeendead D．wasdead十八、选择题99．Theoretically,agoodscrewdrivershouldlastalifetime,butitrarely___________,usuallybecauseitisusedatonetimeoranotheras___________someothertool.A．should,afavorfor B．should,alackofC．does,awayof D．does,asubstitutefor100．Typically,withhigh-statusandwell-paidjobs________farmorepressurethanassumed.A．arecoming B．iscoming C．come D．comes101．Theteachertoldusthatlight________fasterthansound.A．travelled B．hastravelledC．travels D．wastravelling102．Thenumberofpeoplewho______Englishasaforeignlanguage_______morethan750million.A．learns;is B．learn;are C．learns;are D．learn;is103．Inourhometown,about1,500meterseastofmyhouse,_______anoldtemple_______backtothe17thcentury．A．stands;dating B．isstanding;datedC．standing;dated D．stand;dating104．Everytimehe______tovisitme,he______buymesomebooks.A．willcome;will B．willcome;wouldC．comes;will D．comes;would105．That’swhyIhelpbrightenpeople’sdays.Ifyou________,who’stosaythatanotherpersonwill?A．didn’t B．don’tC．weren’t D．haven’t106．Thoseeggs______,pleasethrowthemaway.A．smellgood B．aresmelledbad C．aresmelledwell D．smellbad107．Therealreasonwhyprices________,andstillare,toohighishardtounderstand,andnoonecanexplainthisproblem.A．were B．wouldbe C．havebeen D．willbe108．JennywhoI________toknowinAustraliahasworkedinChinaforayearalready.Wearegoingtomeetnextweek.A．hasgot B．willget C．got D．get109．—HaveyouheardofYangzhouHorticulturalExpo?Itisshowinggardensaroundtheworld.—Yes.I________itwithmyparentstheotherday.A．visit B．visited C．willvisit D．havevisited110．—Jenny,youlookbusyrecently.—I’mpractisingrunningthesedays.ItheNanjingMarathonthisautumn.A．wastakingpartin B．hastakenpartinC．tookpartin D．willtakepartin十九、选择题111．IwillneverforgetthethreeyearsIspentwithmyclassmatesandteachersinthemiddleschool.A．which B．when C．what D．where112．Iwillneverforgetthepeopleandthethings_______IsawontheGreatWall.A．who B．which C．whom D．that113．---Linda,canyoutellmesomethingaboutAgathaChristie?--Sure.AgathaChristiewasafemalewriter________isconsideredasthequeenofcrimenovels.A．which B．whose C．what D．who114．ThoughthedoctoradvisedAlicestronglythatsheshouldtakeagoodrest,______didn’thelp.A．she B．it C．which D．he115．Timissocleverthathecanalwaysunderstandalmostall________ourEnglishteachersaid.A．that B．what C．which D．who二十、选择题116．Everyonemakesmistakes,andnoonewillmakeprogress________heiswillingtolearnfromthem.A．unless B．if C．though D．but117．Smilingisthebestpolicy.Peoplewillsmileback________yousmileatthem.A．unless B．although C．until D．when118．—WhatdoyouthinkofMr.Green,Tim?—Heissoboring.Hedoesn'thaveanyhobbies________youcallwatchingTVahobby.A．if B．unless C．since D．though119．Maxgotlostandwastrappedintheforestfor10hours_______afarmernearbyfoundhim.A．if B．since C．until D．after120．Plentyofideaswereconsidered________theartistdecidedonthedesignofthesculpture.A．before B．so C．unless D．because【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．B解析：B【解析】【详解】考查冠词。句意：据说，这座桥建于明朝。根据句子的语境，bridge是指具体某一座桥，属特指，故用the；某个朝代的前面要用the。故选B。2．C解析：C【解析】试题分析：句意：今年夏天的首次大雨使云南的省会昆明成了一个水的世界。特指云南的省会用the或不填，指一个水的世界用a，故选C。考点：考查冠词。3．B解析：B【解析】考查情景交际和冠词。“你已经搬到那个新公寓了吗？”“还没有，那栋大楼正在建设中。”此处特指那个新公寓，用the；underconstruction是固定搭配，“在建设中”。故选B。4．B解析：B【解析】考查冠词：第一空填a，因为是泛指，还有European是辅音开头的单词，第二空填the，特指英语语言，句意是：约翰是一个英国人，但是根本不知道或者不说英语。选B。5．B解析：B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查冠词。句意：在访问太空期间，他被任命为宇宙飞船的船长。被任命为飞船的船长，船长不需要特指，故不用填写冠词。Inspace为固定的表达方式，意为“在太空中”，中间无需接冠词。故选B项。6．D解析：D【解析】【详解】考查冠词。句意：全球最大的手机生产商诺基亚将在中国找到一个新的研究中心。形容词最高级前用定冠词the，所以第一空填the；第二空表示泛指“一个新的研究中心”，所以使用不定冠词。故选D。7．D解析：D【解析】【详解】考查冠词和名词复数。句意：---你看过那位著名导演，导演的新电影了吗?据说非常成功。---没有，这些天我一直在忙着准备所有的办公设备。success为不可数名词，但asuccess强调是“一件〔个〕成功的事或人。这是抽象名词的具体化的用法。equipment为不可数名词，没有复数形式，不要不定冠词来修饰。故D选项正确。【点睛】抽象名词是指表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念的名词。抽象名词一般为不可数名词，如success，progress，pity，surprise等。但是，在一定场合下，某些抽象名词和某些物质名词可以具体化为个体名词，这时它们具有可数名词的功能，这种情况我们称之为抽象名词具体化。现将中学阶段常见的这类名词归纳如下：一、表示抽象的特性、状态、思维以及动作行为的一次、一种、一场、一类等的名词，有时可具体化为可数名词。这时常组成“a／an＋形容词＋抽象名词”结构。如：HehasagreatinterestinEnglish．他对英语显得很感兴趣。二、表示具有某种特性、状态、情感、情绪的人或物，这类名词有的已经完全转化为可数名词，词义也有所变化。如：抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态、感情情绪的人或事。如：抽象名词（不可数）具体化（个体名词，可数名词）insurprise惊讶地asurprise一件令人惊讶的事winsuccess获得成功asuccess一个(件)成功的人(事)分析句子可知，success为不可数名词，但asuccess强调是“一件〔个〕成功的事或人。这是抽象名词的具体化的用法。equipment为不可数名词，没有复数形式，不要不定冠词来修饰。故D选项正确。8．C解析：C【详解】句意：——汤姆写的新闻报道真令人兴奋！我想我应该读给大家听。——真的吗？多好的建议啊！考查冠词。a/an一个，不定冠词，表示泛指；/零冠词；根据句意理解可知，第一空修饰的是名词report，是一个可数名词，所以需要用冠词修饰，而空格后的词exciting是一个元音音标开头的单词，所以应该用an，而第二空修饰的是名词advice，是一个不可数名词，不可数名词前不需要用冠词，所以这里填零冠词，故选C。【点睛】不定冠词用在单数可数名词，表示泛指或数量“一”。a/an的用法要根据所修饰单词的发音来判断而不是字母。元音音标开头的单词用an，辅音音标开头的单词用a。比如：anapple，animportantmeeting，ausefulbook，auniversity9．C解析：C【详解】句意：为了节省时间。每天许多学生们在学校吃午饭。a/an是不定冠词，表示泛指，a用在以辅音音素开头的名词前，an用在以元音音素开头的名词前。the表示特指，根据have+三餐，中间不加任何冠词，短语havelunch表示吃午饭。根据题意，故选C。【点睛】不定冠词a，an与one同源，表示微弱的“一”的概念，但并不强调数量，用来表示不特定的人或事物。a用于辅音音素开头的词前；an用于元音音素开头的词前。auniversity一所大学aEuropeancountry一个欧洲国家anunfinishedtask一项未完成的任务anhonestperson一个诚实的人定冠词的用法1）定冠词和名词连用，表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。如：Mothercarvedthemeatintoslices.妈妈把肉切成了片。2）定冠词用于可数名词前，表示一类人或东西。如：Thehorseisausefulanimal.马是一种有用的动物。3）定冠词用于第二次出现的名词之前。如：Igotaletteryesterday.Theletterwassentbye-mail.我昨天接到了一封信。那信是电子邮件。不用冠词的情况1）表示独一无二的职务、身份前一般不用冠词。如：ElizabethII,QueenofEngland英国女王伊丽莎白二世Hewaselectedchairmenofthecommittee.他当选为协会主席。2）表示球类、棋类的运动项目不加冠词。如：playfootball踢足球playchess下象棋3）在一日三餐名词前不用冠词。如：havebreakfast/lunch/supper吃早饭/午饭/晚饭4）交通工具名词前不用冠词bycar坐汽车byship坐船10．A解析：A【详解】句意：今晚在电视上将有一个一小时的纪录片，它讲述了一个男孩在遥远的山村里的故事。a，an，the．三者都是冠词．a，an是不定冠词，表泛指，译为"一个"，用来修饰可数名词的单数，a用在辅音音素开头的单词前面；an用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the是定冠词，表特指．译"这个，那个，这些，那些"．由题干"纪录片"，是一个可数名词的单数形式，用不定冠词来修饰，是泛指．"一个"用不定冠词．因one﹣hour是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以空格用a。故选A。【点睛】11．B解析：B【解析】句意：冠词是一种虚词，在英语中只能和名词一起使用。不定冠词用在可数单数名词前，表示泛指任何一个。定冠词用在名词前表示特指某一个。在专有名词及表示泛指的复数名词前一般不要冠词，叫做零冠词。应用中需结合一定的语境来判断是用不定冠词还是用定冠词。打扰了，有一本莫言写的书吗？——是的，在那边的书架上。结合语境可知上文泛指任何一本莫言写的书，故用不定冠词。下文特指那边的书架，故用定冠词，选B。考点：冠词12．D解析：D【详解】句意：小说《巴黎圣母院》告诉我们一个丑陋的人可能有一个美丽的心灵。考查冠词辨析。/不填；the定冠词，表示特指等；a不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以辅音因素开头的单词之前；an不定冠词，表示泛指，用于以元音因素开头的单词之前。根据句意，空处的冠词表示泛指，且ugly是以元音因素开头，故应用不定冠词an。故选D。13．A解析：A【详解】句意：——这台新电脑是你妈妈送给你的生日礼物吗？——是的。我从没见过比这更好的。考查冠词。a/an不定冠词，表泛指；the定冠词，表特指；第一个空后的newcomputer被“yourmothergaveyouasyourbirthdaypresent”限定，因此，此处的新电脑表示特指，用定冠词the；第二个空是：否定词+比较级，表示最高级。故选A。14．D解析：D【详解】句意：生命只有在以有价值的东西为目的时才有价值。考查冠词和不定代词。第一空泛指有一种价值，value以辅音音素开头，其前用不定冠词a；第二空用it指代前面出现过的“Life”。故选D。二、选择题15．C解析：C【详解】句意：女孩从爸爸那得到一辆新自行车，她非常喜欢它的颜色。考查代词辨析。it它，人称代词；itself它自己，反身代词；its它的；it’s它是。此空修饰名词colour，用形容词性物主代词。故选C。16．A解析：A【详解】句意：——杰弗里总是保持冷静，控制自己的情绪。——难怪他是个大人物。考查代词辨析。somebody大人物；重要人物；anybody任何人；nobody没有人；everyone每个人。根据“Jeffreyalwaysremainedcalmandmasteredhisownfeelings”和“Nowonderheisa...”可知，上一句是称赞杰弗里，所以空处是指难怪她是个大人物，只有somebody符合语境。故选A。17．C解析：C【详解】句意：他们已经提供了几种解决问题的方法。我们可以选择一种方法开始。考查代词辨析。it指上文提到的同一事物，与前面名词是同一个，表特指。that指代远处的事物、指代前边提到的东西、也用于比较句型中指代前边提到的名词，that也可指代不可数名词。one指代前边提过的同一类但不同一个的东西，表泛指。each表示每一个。此处泛指“away一种方式”，故用one。故选C。18．B解析：B【详解】句意：新的工作坊不仅可以帮助学生学习不同的技能，还可以教会他们关心他人。考查代词辨析。they他们，主格；them他们，宾格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；themselves他们自己，反身代词。根据“alsoteach...tocareaboutothers”可知，teachsb.todosth.表示“教某人做某事”，sb.用代词宾格形式。故选B。19．B解析：B【详解】句意：主席认为邀请约翰逊教授在会上发言是有必要的。考查形式宾语。根据句子结构可知，空处的词是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式“toinviteProfessorJohnsontospeakatthemeeting.”；作形式宾语的词只能是it。故选B。20．D解析：D【详解】句意：——你昨天去了那个受欢迎的旅游景点吗？——是的。等了几个小时才进去，我发现自己太累了，没法完成这次旅行。考查反身代词。it它；me我；itself它自己；myself我自己。根据“Ifound…tootiredtofinishthetour.”可知，此处需用反身代词，主语是I，因此反身代词用myself。故选D。21．C解析：C【详解】句意：——如果你要买今天的《苏州日报》，能帮我买一份吗?——我很乐意帮助你。考查代词用法。it特指上文提到的同一对象，同一事物，是“同类同物”；this这、这个；one泛指上文提到的同类事物中的一个，是“同类不同物”；that那、那个；根据题干可知，此处是泛指《苏州日报》中的一份，是“同类不同物”，因此用one；故选C。22．C解析：C【详解】句意：——Sam，你的论文中有这么多拼写错误。你应该尽量不要重复它们。——对不起，White先生。从现在开始我会更加仔细。考查代词的用法。it它；its它的；them它们，they的宾格；theirs它们的，名词性物主代词。根据句意不要重复去犯这些错误，又因为mistakes为可数名词复数，所以用them来代替mistakes，them代指这些错误。故选C。三、选择题23．B解析：B【详解】句意：一个人的价值不取决于他挣了多少钱，而是取决于他为我们的国家做了多少贡献。考查名词和语境辨析。experience经历；value价值；wealth财富，财产；career职业，工作。根据“doesn’tdependonhowmuchmoneyhehasmade,butonhowmanycontributionshehasmadetoourcountry”可知，一个人的价值体现在为国家的贡献，故选B。24．D解析：D【详解】句意：使用华为产品的人数越来越多。考查名词辨析。cultures文化；customers顾客；histories历史；products产品。根据句意可知，空处是表达“使用华为产品的人”。故选D。25．A解析：A【详解】句意：父亲按照说明把儿子的玩具组装了起来。考查名词词义辨析。instructions指示、说明；inventions发明；collections收藏；invitations邀请。根据句中“Thefatherputhisson'stoytogether”可推知，应是按照说明。故选A。26．D解析：D【详解】句意：连接镇江和连云港的新高速铁路现已投入运营，节省了大量时间。考查名词辨析。surprise惊讶；spirit精神；silence沉默；service服务。根据“Thenewhigh-speedrailwayconnectingZhenjiangtoLianyungangisnowin…”可知，此处指高铁在使用中；inservice“在使用中，运行中”。故选D。27．D解析：D【详解】句意：桌上的留言是给你的。上面说李先生明天要来看你。考查名词辨析。advice建议；lesson课程；paper纸；message信息，留言。留言的作用是提醒某人某事，而根据“ItsaysMr.Leeiscomingtovisityoutomorrow.”可知“李先生明天来访”是提醒人的事情，所以桌上放的应是留言。故选D。四、选择题28．A解析：A【详解】句意：——彼得，你听过歌曲《Letitgo》么?——是的，它听起来很棒，在年轻人中很流行。考查形容词。nice好的；bad坏的；terrible糟糕的；strange奇怪的。根据“it'spopularamongyoungpeople”可知此处用褒义的形容词，用形容词nice表示“听起来不错”。故选A。29．C解析：C【详解】句意：虽然这听起来像是一个简单的过程，但需要非常小心。考查形容词辨析。stupid愚蠢的；similar相似的，相像的；simple简单的；strict严格的。根据连词“although”和后半句“greatcareisneeded”可知，前后句意之间表示转折，指虽然简单，但是仍需小心。故选C。30．D解析：D【详解】句意：这部无聊的肥皂剧你已经看了几千遍了！你为什么不出去找点值得做的事呢？考查形容词辨析。useful有用的；cheerful令人愉快的；enjoyable愉快的；worth值得的。根据前句“You’vewatchedtheboringsoapoperathousandsoftimes!”和空后动词“doing”的形式可知，空处应是worth，值得的。故选D。31．B解析：B【详解】句意：海伦正在看一场电视直播的篮球赛，虽然没有在现场，但是仍然可以为他的球队加油。考查形容词辨析。lively活泼的，活跃的，充满生气的；live活着的，实况转播的；living活着，尚在人间的；alive活着。根据句意，因为海伦没有在现场，所以只能看电视直播，所以用live。故选B。五、选择题32．D解析：D【详解】句意：让我们在互联网上为“感动中国人物”投票，好吗？考查介词辨析。for给；为了；in在……里面；on在……上面；to到；over在……之上。根据“Let’svote...China’sInspirationalRoleModels”可知，第一空是指给某人投票，用介词for；ontheInternet在网上，固定搭配。故选D。33．C解析：C【详解】句意：我们在屏幕上看到的一些技术超出了我们的创造能力。但这种情况可能不会持续太久。考查介词辨析。against反对；during在……期间；beyond超过；through通过。根据“Someofthetechnologywe’veseenonscreenis…ourabilitytocreate”可知，此处指“超出我们的能力”，故选C。34．B解析：B【详解】句意：南京长江上的一座新桥于2020年12月24日通车。考查介词。through从内部穿过；over在……上；on在……上面；along沿着；根据句意可知，桥是在河流上方的，应该用介词over，表示在正上方，与物体表面不接触，故选B。35．D解析：D【详解】句意：最后，宋先生想出了一个解决问题的好办法。考查介词。for为了；at在一具体的点；in在……里；with和。根据“agoodmethodtosolvetheproblem”可知此处用动词短语comeupwith表示“想出，提出”。故选D。36．C解析：C【详解】句意：——据报道何鸿燊于5月26日去世，享年98岁。——整个国家为此感到难过。作为一个成功的商人，他对社会的贡献和对祖国的热爱远远超过了他的财富。考查介词辨析。beside在旁边，over从一边到另一边，beyond超出，above以上。根据句意可知他对社会的贡献和对祖国的热爱远远超过了他的财富，gofarbeyond意为“远远超越”，故选C。六、选择题37．A解析：A【详解】句意：注意你说话的方式。你不会想让别人感到不舒服的。考查动词短语。payattentionto注意；holdonto坚持；comeupwith想出，提出；endupwith以……结束。根据“Youwon’twanttomakeothersfeeluncomfortable.”，可知应是注意说话的方式，才能不让别人感觉不舒服。故选A。38．A解析：A【详解】句意：——你好，西蒙！你看起来很兴奋。发生了什么事？——我们赢得了足球比赛，结果比预期的还要好。考查动词短语。turnout结果是；findout查明；workout算出；comeout出现；根据“tobebetterthanexpected”可知，此处说的是结果是……，用turnouttobe表示，故选A。39．B解析：B【详解】句意：——很抱歉占用你宝贵的时间。——没事的。考查动词短语辨析。takeoff起飞；takeup占用；takeout取出；takein领会。根据“Sorryto...yourvaluabletime.”可推断，空格处表达“占用”时间。故选B。七、选择题40．A解析：A【详解】句意：——我可以看你的身份证吗？我们必须检查一下你的个人信息。——当然可以。给你。考查情态动词。may可以，表请求或许可；need需要，指有必要；should应该，表建议；must必须，强调主观意愿。根据答语“Sure.Hereyouare”，可推断问句是征求对方的许可，故选A。八、选择题41．B解析：B【详解】句意：——中国国际电视台(CGTN)直播了名为“天河”的核心太空舱发射升空的过程。——对我们祖国来说，这是多么伟大的时刻啊！考查副词和感叹句。lively活泼的；live在现场直播，副词；what开头的感叹句后接名词或名词性短语；how开头的感叹句后接形容词或副词。cover电视报道，动词需用副词修饰，前空可排除AD两项；greatmoment是形容词短语，需用what开头的感叹句。结合选项，故选B。42．B解析：B【详解】句意：多有用的字典啊！我想买一本。考查感叹句。what引导的感叹句，修饰的中心词为名词；how引导的感叹句，修饰的中心词为形容词或副词。本句中心词dictionary“字典”为名词，故应用what引导感叹句，其句式结构为：What+a+形容词useful+可数名词单数dictionary+主谓!。故选B。43．D解析：D【详解】句意：看！过山车在以多么高的速度在运行呀！考查感叹句。感叹句主要有：how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语+其他！what+a/an（形容词）+单数名词+主语+谓语+其他！或者what+（形容词）+名词复数/不可数名词+主语+谓语+其他！该句中感叹名词speed，所以用what引导的感叹句，speed不可数名词；“以……速度”用介词at，故选D。44．D解析：D【详解】句意：约翰看起来多快乐啊！他在英语演讲比赛中得了一等奖。他取得了多大的进步啊！他的英语以前很差。考查感叹句what和how的用法。1.what+a/an+单数可数名词或名