2024-2025学年上海市浦东新区高二年级下册期中考试英语试卷（含详解）

浦东新区2024学年度第二学期期中教学质量检测

高二英语试卷

（共90分钟，满分100分）I.ListeningComprehension18%

SectionA

Directions:InSectionA,youwillhearsixshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeach

conversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbe

spokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswers

onyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

1.A.Inazoo.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inasupermarket.D.Inabotanicalgarden.

2.A.Chefanddiner.B.Husbandandwife.

C.Driverandpassenger.D.Storeownerandcustomer.

3.A.$100.B.$90.C.$80.D.$50.

4.A.Shefeelssorrythatthemancan'tshowup.

B.Thepartywillnotbeginuntilthemanarrives.

C.Themanmightaswellnotgotothepartytonight.

D.Themancanfinishhisassignmentbeforetheparty.

5.A.Sleeppattern.B.Anewpolicy.

C.Homedecoration.D.Anewly,operatedtrain.

6.A.Williamisabachelornow.B.Williamwillhaveagirlfriendsocn.

C.WilliamenjoyswatchingTVverymuch.D.William'scousinisexpectingagrandchild.SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillhearoneshortpassage,andonelongerconversationandyouwillbe

askedseveralquestionsonthepassageandthelongerconversation.Thepassageandthelonger

conversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,

readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothe

questionyouhaveheard.

Questions7through10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

7.A.Westernpainting.B.Clothesmarketing.

C.Danceperformance.D.Silkcoloringtechniques.

8.A.Silkmaterial.B.Modernizedqipao.

C.Western-styledresses.D.Traditionallongdresses.

9.A.BambooPatternseries.B.Nine-ColoredDeerseries.

C.Greyish-greenJacketseries.D.StreamlineTailoringseries.

10.A.LinWanrupassedawayattheageof70.

B.LinV/annu'sqipaodesignisentirelyChinesestyle.

C.LinWannudesignedposterstosupportherstudies.

D.YunShangGe'sfirstinternationalexhibitionwasinNewYork.Questions11through14arebasedonthe

followingconversation.

11.A.ToanalyzethethemesofTheCanterburj,Tales.

B.TocompareShakespeare'sandChaucer'swritingstyles.

C.TodiscussrheMiddleAgescostumesinEnglishliterature.

D.TohighlightChaucer'sroleinestablishingEnglishasaliterarylanguage.

12.A.FolkspreferredLatinforstorytel.ing.

B.Frenchwasthedominantlanguageamongthenobles.

C.ShakespearehadalreadypopularizedEnglishliterature.

D.Englishlackedvocabularyforartisticexpressionatthetime.

13.A.ItwaswrittenbyChaucer.B.ItinspiredShakespeare^plays.

C.Itfocusedonroyalcourtthemes.D.1(wasoriginallywritteninFrench.

14.A.Wearingcostumestoenhanceengagement.

B.Memorizingthewrittentexttoavoidmistakes.

C.Readingdirectlyfromnotesloensureaccuracy.

D.Avoidingeyecontacttofocusoncontentdelivery.II.GrammarandVocabulary20%

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammatically

coiTect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;forthe

otherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

RescuingRelics(文物)

Museumsplayanimportantroleinpreservingandshowcasingculturalheritage.Buthaveyouever

wondered]museumsgetthev/orksandrelicsthattheyexhibit?Ifthemuseumissponsoredbythe

government,therelicsareprobablycollectedunderspeciallaws2(protect)historicaltreasuresrelatedto

thatcountry.However,notallmuseumsaresponsoredbythegovernment.Moreandmoremuseumssetupby

privatecollectors3(spring)upinChinasincethe1990s.Typically,4theseprivatemuseumsare

small,theygivevisitorsthechancetoseeworksandrelicsnotfoundanywhereelse.

SongtangLiisonesuchcollectorwhohasputpartofhisprivatecollectionondisplayforthepublic.

SomeofthebestexamplesofChinesefolkarthehascollectedoverhislifetime5(display)inthemuseum

heopenedinanold18thcenturyhouseinBeijing.Wheneveranoldbuildingwasbeingtorndown,Liwould

visitthesitetoseeiftherewasanythingfromthebuildingworth6(rescue).Inthisway,Limanagedto

gatherthousandsoffolkartpieces,someof7areover1.000yearsold.

Libegancollectingfolkartsculptureswhenhewasyoung.Thefirstpiecesinhiscollectionweretwogate

〃，夕s(门墩柱)8(carve)withhistoricaldesigns.Lithoughtof9ashistwofriends.WhenLiwas

seven,thecitytoldLi'sfamilytogetridofthepierssothatthestreetcouldberebuilt.10throwing

themaway,Li'sfatherallowedhissontokeepthem.

Today,visitorstotheSongtangzhaiFolkSculptureMuseumcanviewsomeofthebestrelicsLirescued

overtheyears.

SectionB

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Note

thatthersisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.associatedB.capacityC.closenessD.coinedE.contradictoryH

enhance

G.landscapeH.limitI.relevanceJ.sacredK.tight-knit

SocialOverload:DoYouHaveTooManyFriends?

Intennsofhumanconnection,Dunbar'snumberhaslongbeenaguidingprinciple.Traditionallysetat

around150connections,thisconcept,11byRobinDunbar,findsitsrootsintheevolutionary

developmentofthehumanbrain.

Yet,aswenavigatethevast12ofthedigitalage,oursocialconnectionsextendfarbeyond

geographicalboundaries.Thenquestionsarise:DoesDunbar'snuinberstillmaintainits13.ordoesthe

digitalerarewritetherulesofsocialconnectivity?

Dunbar'snumber,aproductofcognitiveevolution,reflectsthelimited14ofourbrainstomanage

socialties.Itspresenceinvarioussocieties,from15tribestoexpansivesocialstructures,highlightsits

university.

Itseemsthatthebrainimposesanatural16onthedepthandbreadthofoursocialcircles.

However,aswestepintothedigitalworld,thedynamicsofsocialconnectionundergoagreattransformation.

AstudypublishedinCybergychology.Behavior,andSocialNetworkingexploredtheeffectofsocial

mediausageonthesizeofsocialcirclesandthe17ofrelationships.Theresearchersfoundthatmore

timespentonsocialmediamadefbralargernumberofonline'介ends,“butnotalargeramountofoffline

friends.Further,thesefindingswerenot18withfeelingsofclosenesstowardsonlineorofflinefriends.

Ontheonehand,theseplatforms19ourabilitytoconnectwithalargeanddiversetypesof

individuals.Ontheotherhand,itisunclearwhetherthequantityofconnectionsweakensthequalityofour

relationships.Dotheselooseconnectionsprovideasenseofsocialsupport?Ordotheycontributetothe20

feelingsofsocialoverloadandisolationthathavebecomeincreasinglycommoninthedigitalage?Social

mediaplatforms,withtheirglobalreach,redefinetheboundariesofsocialcircles.Theabilitytoconnectwith

individualsacrosscontinentschallengestheveryessenceofDunbar'snumber.

IH.ReadingComprehension31%

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B.Cand

D.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

TheHiddenCostsofOverconsumption

It'sthattimeofyearagain:whenpeoplelineupatstorestogetthebestdealsoneverythingimaginable,

andretailers(零售商)pulloutallthestopstogetustobuymoreandmore.Often,thisshoppingis:gifts

forlovedones,festivedecorations,anddiscountedessentials.However,thiscontinuousurgetoshopduringthe

holidayseasoniscostingusmorethanjustour.

Overconsumptionreferstoexcessivelypurchasingandusinggoodsorresourcesbeyondwhatis

tolivecomfortably.It'saproblemcommontodevelopednations.Forinstance,betweenThanksgivingandNew

Year'sDay,Americansproduce25%morewastethanusual,sendinga(n)onemilliontonsperweekto

landfills.

IfeveryoneweretoasmuchasAmericansdo,wewouldneedtheresourcesfromover5Earthsto

sustainthatrateofconsumption.Andaccordingtothestatisticalchartbelow,thereisa(n)relationship

betweenincomelevelandcarbonemissions.

ShareofGlobal

PopulationbvIncomeShareofConsumption-bAsedCO2EmkHons,2019

Therichest10%are

Popresponsiblefor50%

10%ofemissions

MiddleThemiddle40%are

40%responsiblefor43%

ofemissions

Tbepoorest50%are

Bottomresponsiblefor8%of

50%emissions

HHHHW

Ittakesalotofresourcesandmoneytotheglobalrateofconsumption.NearlyhalfofallUS

greenhousegasemissionsareassociatedwiththeenergyusedto,process,transport,anddisposeofour

goodsandfood.Onaglobalscale,wearetheplanet'sresources1.7timesfasterthanitcanregenerate.

Ifeveryonebeganemittingasmuchcarbondioxideastheworld'swealthiest1%,theremainingcarbon

wouldbegoneinfewerthanfivemonths.

So,whatarethecostsofoverconsumption?Pollution,resourcereduction,greenhousegas

emissions,risingprices,andsomuchmore.,withallthisbeingsaid,nobodyexpectseveryonetojust

stopshoppingentirelyduringtheholidayseason.Myisthatyouthinkaboutyourindividualimpact

beforeyoushop,nowmorethanever.Bymakingadjustmentstoourindividualshoppingbehavior,wecan

reduceourenvironmentalimpact.

Locally-ownedshopstendtohavelowercarbonfootprintsthanlargercoiporations.Theyalsoallowyou

tosupportthelocaleconomywhilestrengtheningcommunityresilience.Ifyouhavethe,makea

meaningfulimpactthisholidayseasonbychoosingtoshopsmallandsupportlocalorganizations.Happy

Holidays!

21.A.easily-preparedB.largely-unnecessaryC.highly-thoughtless

D.well-intentioned

22.A.emotionB.moneyC.devotionD.fate

23.A.sufficientB.optionalC.necessaryD.preferable

24.A.extraordinaryB.passiveC.controversialD.additional

25.A.consumeB.wasteC.polluteD.regulate

26.A.indirectB.mysteriousC.positiveD.encouraging

27.A.giverisetoB.keepupwithC.cutdownonD.runoutof

28.A.purchaseB.produceC.eliminateD.store

29.A.exploitingB.distributingC.looseningD.absorbing

30.A.dioxideB.budgetC.footprintD.emission

31.A.subtleB.environmentalC.economicD.hidden

32.A.HoweverB.What'smoreC.SimilarlyD.Forexample

33.A.proposalB.assumptionC.questionD.property

34.A.collectivelyB.rarelyC.humblyD.occasionally

35.A.statusB.versionC.maturityD.opportunity

SectionB

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Thepassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinished

statements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA.B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbest

accordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhaveread.

Pictureperfect:Istheresuchathingasaclassic?

The“MonaLisa"isprobablythemostrecognizablefemalefaceintheworld.Everydayaround20.00()

peoplevisitandviewI.conardodaVinci'spaintingintheLouvre.Yetitbecamefamousnotbecauseofan

engagingsemi-smile,butathief.Untilaworkerstolethemasterpiecein1911,itwasstillmostlyunknown;

viewersfloodedintoseewhataFrenchnewspapercalled“anenormous,horrific,hugevoid”.

Classicsofart,literatureandmusicaresupposedtocarrysomemysteriousappealthatenduresacrossthe

ages.ButasRochelleGurstein,ahistorian,writesinanewbookWritteninWater,the''timelessclassic”is

anythingbut“WhatIbelievedwaswritteninstonewasactuallywritteninwater/5sheargues.Classicscome

andgo.

Theriseandfallofclassicsisnotjustamatterofchangingtastes;artitselfhaschanged.Artistsusedto

strivetoexpressidealformsofbeauty.Geniuswasthe“childofimitation"，explainedJoshuaReynolds,a

Britishportraitistinthe18thcentury.Artistslearnedbystudyingandimitatingclassicalmasterpieces,often

RomancopiesofGreeksculptures.

Thewritingofarthistoryhasalsochangedtastes.Inthe16thcenturyGiorgioVasari,anItalianpainter,

advancedaninfluentialexpressionofartisticprogressthatwasachievedintherealismofRaphaeland

Michelangelo.Butinthe19thcenturyJohnRuskin,acritic,calledattentiontothepre-Raphaelitemovement

whenhearguedthatthereal“OldMasters^^wereactuallymedievalChristianpainters.Seeingtoday'sdesirable

contemporary“masterpieces“soldatauction(拍卖)formillions,yonareboundtowonderhowcritics10()

yearsfromnowwillfeelaboutthem.

Muchasinart,the“classics“ofmusicandliteraturehavenotalwaysbeensetinstoneeither.Today

JohannSebastianBachisoftenregardedasthemasterofclassicalmusic.Butafterhisdeathin1750Bach's

compositionsfelloutoffashionuntilFelixMendelssohn,aGermancomposer,rediscoveredtheminthe1820s.

MsGurstein'sperspectivesshowthatthe“statusofaclassic"dependsoncritics,andisatesttothepower

ofpassionatewriterstochangethewaypeoplelookatart.Tasteevolves,anditshould.Buttruecultureliveson

onlyaslongaspeoplecontinuetoargueoverwhatcountsasaclassictoday.Thetrueenemyoftheclassicis

notrelativismorcontroversy.Itissilence.

36.Bycitingtheexampleof“MonaLisa”inParagraphOne,theauthorintendsto?

A.introduceherengagingsmileintheperfectpicture.

B.recognizeherasthemostfamousfemaleintheworld.

C.disclosetheunknownthiefofthemasterpiecein1911.

D.illustratethefameofaclassiccanarisefromunexpectedevents.

37.AccordingtoParagraphThree,howdidartistsinthepastviewartisticcreation?

A.Theyprioritizedoriginalityovertradition.

B.TheyrejectedRomanandGreekinfluences.

C.Theyaimedtoexpresstheirpersonalemotions.

D.Theybelievedinlearningbyimitatingclassics.

38.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Relativismandcontroversyarethemainthreatstotheclassics.

B.Trueculturewillsurviveregardlessofpeople'sdiscussionsaboutclassics.

C.Silencehelpsinmaintainingthestatusofclassicsasitpreservestheirmystery.

D.Classicsareshapedbyongoingdebateandtheinfluenceofcriticsandpassionatewriters.

39.Thepassageismainlyabout.

A.theriseandfallofclassicsandthecauses.

B.greatmindsandtheirrepresentativeworks.

C.world-famousart,literatureandmusicclassics.

D.criticismofabookwrittenbyRochelleGurstein.

SectionC

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Each

sentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.

ThesuccessofNeZha2

LikemanyotherChinesemovies,NeZha2isalsobasedonaChinesemythologicalfigure（神话人物）

protectivegodNeZha.Thefilm'sscriptisbasedonapopular17thcenturyChinesenovel,TheInvestitureofthe

Gods（《封神演义》）,whichisoneofthefirstmajorliteraryworkstofeature“gods"and“demons”inTaoism

andBuddhism.40

NeZha2symbolizesrebellion.TheimageofNeZhahasbeenswitchedfromthetraditionaltragichero

*"returningtohisfathef5intoamodemrebelwho“changeshisfateagainstGod'swill"，whichisinlinewiththe

spiritualdesiresoftoday'syouthsandtheirdeterminationtofightagainstlabelingandpursuetheirgoals.41

42Itcombinesmodemdialoguesandotherelementssuchasthe“Sichuan-stylePutonghua”accent

ofMasterTaiyiwhoisthetutorofNeZha.Thispracticeenablestraditionalculturalsymbolswithpopular

culture,makingthefilmappealingtotheaudience.Atthesametime,itcultivatesauniqueculturalidentity.

Theindividualandthecollectivehavemadepeaceinthefilm.43Hewishesto“destroyheavenand

Earth,,whilestrivingto“savetheciviliansofChentangguan.”

Aboveall,NeZha2hasonceagainshowcasedthebrillianceofChinesestate-of-the-artanimation,

compellingculturalstorytellingandnationalconfidence.ThefilmhasraisedhopesofChineseanimation

moviesbecomingincreasinglypopularinthefuturebothathomeandabroad.

A.Thefilmisarepresentativeofculturalsymbols.

B.ThefilmdemonstratesthetechnologicalcapabilitiesofChineseanimators.

C.HowcomefilmsbasedonChinesemythhavebecomebighitsattheboxoffice?

D.WhydoestheChinesefilmappealtosomanywesternaudiencestogotothecinema?

E.NeZhatransformsfromarebelliousfigureintoonewhoshouldersgreatresponsibilities.

F.Thiskindofrolechangebreaksthecharacter's"sacrcdncss"myth,enablingittoechowiththeaudience.

SectionDSummaryWriting6%

44.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassagein

nomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

BeyondtheCanvas:ExploringArt'sImpactonBrainFunction

Youprobablyknowlotsofthingsthataregoodforyourbrain.Readingandworkingpuzzles,forinstance.

Gettingenoughexerciseandsleep.Eatinghealthyfoods.Nowhere'ssomethingelsetoaddtothelist:arts.

Engaginginartsactivities,suchasplayingmusic,drawing,dancing,orevenappreciatingart,cansignificantly

benefityourbrain.

Activitiesthattapintothesebraintaskscouldboostskillsthatarcusefulinothersituations,too.Jessica

Bone,anexpertinhealthstatistics,recentlyco-wroteareportthatreviewedstudiesontheartsandwell-being.

Overall,takingpartinartsactivitiescanreducesignsofdepressionandboostmotivationinkidsandteens,she

finds.Shealsofoundresearchthatlinkedengaginginartthroughclubsorotheractivitieswithfewernegative

behaviors,suchasskippingschoolandsubstanceabuse.

Butartmayevenleadtochangesinyourbrain.Thebrain'sprefrontalcortex(前额叶)controlsthingslike

decision-making,planningandpayingattention.Ithelpsyoucontrolimpulses,organizeyourtimeandthink

creativelyaboutproblems.Together,allofthesetasksfallintoacategoryknownasexecutivefunction.Training

inartsmayaffecthowthebrainhandlesthesetasks.AssalHabibi,aneuroscientist,studiesthebrainatthe

UniversityofSouthernCalifornia.Herworkfocusesonhowmusicaffectsthebrain.Kidsinmusicprograms

tendtomanageexecutive-functiontasksbetterthankidswhoaren'tinvolvedinmusic,hergrouphasshown.

Theyarebetterattakingturns,payingattentiontoothersandlisteningbeforetheyspeak.

Doyourportraitsofpeoplelooklikestickfigures?Doyoursongsmakeyourfriendsembarrassed?None

ofthatmatterswhenitcomestolearning,Habibisays.Youdon'thavetobetrainedortalented,shesays,to

makeorenjoyart.Justincludeitinyoureverydaylife.Sovisitmuseums.Gotoconcerts.Watchplays.Allof

thesemayhelpboostbrainpowerinbeneficialways.Letyourinnerartistshine.

IV.Translation10%

Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.

45.在讨论过程中，突然出现一个新的问题,需要我们立即解决。（arise）（汉译英）

46.随着肥胖率逐年攀升，我们应该重视体重管理，科学甩肉。（As）（汉译英）

47.教育戏剧可以运用到课堂上，学生根据课堂内容做一个动作反映一个场景，从而加深对课文的理解。

（where）（汉译英）

V・GuidedWriting15%

48.Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin100-120wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowin

Chinese.

随着人，智能技术的飞速发展，社会各界对其影响展开了热烈讨论。有人担忧A1会引发失业，隐私安全等

社会问题,也有人认为人机协作（human-machinecooperation）将创造更美好的生活。请畅想“30年后的人类

社会”，表达看法。

内容需要包括：

1.你所设想的30年后社会生活图景（可从日常生活，工作方式，教育医疗等角度展开）

2.联系自身经历或观察，阐述你对人机关系的看法。

1.where2.protecting3.havssprung4.although##though##while5.aredisplayed6.rescuing

7.which8.carved9.them10.Ratherthan

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了博物馆在保存和展示文化遗产方面的重要作用，介绍了不同博物馆获取文物

的方式。

1.考杳连接词。句意:但是你有没有想过博物馆展出的作品和文物是从哪里来的？wonder后接宾语从句，表示“地点”,

用连接词where。故填where。

2.考查动词不定式。句意：如果博物馆是由政府赞助的，那么这些文物可能是根据保护与该国有关的历史宝藏的特殊法

律收集的。空出为非谓语动词,speciallaws与protec〔为主动关系,用现在分词作定语。故填protectingo

3.考查的语法知识点：现在完成时。句意：自20世纪90年代以来越来越多由私人收藏家建立的博物馆在中国涌现

出来。sincethe1990sM是现在完成时的时间标志词，主语“Moreandmoremuseums”是复数，现在完成时结构为

u

have/has+过去分词”,spring的过去分词是sprung,所以用havesprung0故填havesprung。

4.考查连词。句意：通常情况下，尽管这些私人博物馆规模较小，但它们为游客提供了看到在其他任何地方都看不到的

作品和文物的机会。前后句之间存在让步关系，”这些私人博物馆小”和“它们能提供独特展品”形成对比,所以用

although/ihough/while引导让步状语从句。故填although/though/while(>

5.考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：他一生中收集的一些中国民间艺术的最佳范例在他在北京一座18世纪的老房

子里开办的博物馆里展出。“SomeofthebestexamplesofChinesefblkart”是句子主语，与display之间是被动关系，即

”范例被展出”,且句子描述的是现在的客观情况，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为uam/is/are+过去分词”,主语是

复数,be动词用are,display的过去分词是displayed(>故填aredisplayed。

6.考查固定搭配。句意：每当有一座老建筑被拆除时，李都会去现场看看这座建筑里是否有什么值得拯救的东西。固

定搭配beworthdoingsth.,表示“值得做某事”，所以这里用rescuing0故填rescuing。

7.考查定语从句.句意：通过这种方式，李设法收集了数千件民间艺术品，其中一些已有1000多年的历史。先行词是

“thousandsoffolkarlpieces”,指物,在定语从句中作介词of的宾语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。

8.考查过去分词。句意：他收藏的第一批藏品是两根雕刻有历史图案的门墩柱。“twogatepiers”和carve之间是被动

关系，即’‘门墩柱被雕刻''，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填carved。

9.考杳代词。句意：李把它们当作他的两个朋友。of是介词.后接宾语.这里指代前面的“twogatepiers”,所以用宾格代

词them。故填them。

10.考查介词短语。句意：李的父亲没有把它们扔掉，而是允许他的儿子保留它们。Raiherihan表示“代替，而不是“，后

接动名词throwingo首字母大写。符合句意。故填Ratherthano

11.D12.G13.I14.B15.K16.H17.C18.A19.F20.E

【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了在数字时代，邓巴数字是否仍然具有相关性，以及社交媒体对社交圈子和人际关系

的影响。

11.考查动词过去分词。句意：传统上设定为大约150个连接，这个由罗宾•邓巴创造的概念，其根源在于人类大脑的

进化发展。根据“byRobinDunbai”可知,coin”创造（新词语）”符合句意,thisconcept与coin之间是逻辑上被动关系，过去

分词短语coinedbyRobinDunbar作后置定语。故填D。

12.考查名词。句意：然而，当我们在数字时代的广阔领域中航行时，我们的社会联系远远超出了地理边界。"landscape”

有”（社会，政治等的）形势,局面”的意思，符合句意Jthevastlandscapeofihedigitalage”表示“数字时代的广阔领域”。

故填G。

13.考查名词。句意：那么问题来了：邓巴数字是否仍然保持其相关性，还是数字时代改写了社会连接的规则？根据下

文“ordoesthedigitalerarewritetherulesofsocialconnectivity?”可知,"relevance”意为“相关性，重要性''符合句意，作宾语。

故填U

14.考查名词。句意：邓巴数字是认知正化的产物，它反映了我们大脑处埋社会关系的有限能力。capacity”能力，容量”符

合句子，作宾语,“thelimitedcapacityofourbrains”表示“我们大脑的有限能力”。故填B。

15.考查形容词。句意：它在从紧密联系的部落到庞大的社会结构等各种社会中都有体现，这凸显了它的普遍性。根据

下文“expansivesocialstructures”可知,light-knit意为“紧密结合的，关系紧密的”符合句意，修饰“tribes”,表示“紧密联系

的部落”。故填Ko

16.考查名词。句意;似乎大脑对我们社交圈子的深度和广度施加了一种自然的限制。“limit”有“限制，限度”的意思,

作宾语，符合句意。“imposesanaturallimit”表示“施加一种自然的限制”。故填H。

17.考查名词。句意：一项发表在《网络心理学，行为和社交网络》上的研究探讨了社交媒体使用对社交圈子大小和人

际关系亲密度的影响。“closeness”意为“亲密，密切”，作宾语，符合句意。故填C。

18.考查形容词短语。句意：此外，这些发现与对线上或线下朋友的亲近感无关。"beassociatedwith”是固定短语，意为

“与……有关”符合句意。故填A。

19.考查动词。句意:一方面，这些平台增强了我们与大量不同类型的人建立联系的能力。"enhance”有“提高，增强”的

意思，符合语境。陈述客观事实，为一般现在时。故填F。

20.考查形容词。句意：或者它们是否导致了在数字时代越来越普遍的相互矛盾的社会过载和孤立感？-contradictory-意

为“相互矛盾的，对立的”,修饰“feelings”,表示“相互矛盾的感觉”。作定语，符合句意。故填E。

21.D22.B23.C24.D25.A26.C27.B28.B29.A30.B31.D32.A

33.A34.A35.D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了过度消费对环境和资源造成的负面影响,并呼吁人们在购物时考虑个人行为

对环境的影响，支持本地购物以减少环境足迹。

21.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通常，这种购物是出于好意的：给所爱的人买礼物，节日装饰品和打折的必需品。A.

easily-prepared容易准备的,B.largely-unnecessary很大程度上不必要的,C.highly-thoughtless欠考虑的、D.well-inteniioned

出于好意的。根据下文“giftsforlovedones,festivedecorations,anddiscountedessentials”可知，这些购物的目的是好的，是有

意义的。故选D。

22.考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在假期里这种持续购物的冲动让我们付出的不仅仅是金钱。A.emotion情感,B.money

金钱,C.devotion奉献,D.fate命运。根据上文“thisshopping”可知，购物需要花钱。故选B。

23.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：过度消费是指过度购买和使用超出舒适生活所需的商品或资源。A.sufficient足够的,B.

optional可选择的,C.necessary必要的,D.preferable更可取的。根据下文“Forinstance,betweenThanksgivingandNew

Year'sDay,Americansproduce25%morewastethanusual,sendinga(n)4onemilliontonsperweektolandfills.”

可知,购买和使用超出舒适生活所必需的东西。故选Co

24.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，从感恩节到元旦，美国人产生的垃圾比平时多25%,每周额外向垃圾填埋场输送

100万吨垃圾。A.extraordinary非凡的,B.passive被动的,C.controversial有争议的,D.additional额外的,根据上文“produce

25%morewastethanusual”可知,是比平上寸多产生的垃圾，也就是额外的垃圾0故选D。

25.考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果每个人都像美国人一样消费，我们需要5个地球以上的资源来维持这种消费速度。

A.consume消费,B.waste浪费,C.pollute污染,D.regulate调节。根据上文“Overconsumptionreferstoexcessivelypurchasing

andusinggoodsorresourcesbeyondwhatis3tolivecomfortably.”可知，文章主要讲的是过度消费的问题，这里说

的是如果每个人都像美国人那样消费。故选A。

26.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：根据下面的统计图表，收入水平和碳排放之间存在着正相关关系。A.indirect间接的,B.

mysterious神秘的,C.positive积极的,D.encouraging鼓舞人心的。根据下文“Ifeveryonebeganemittingasmuchcarbon

dioxideastheworld'swealthiest1%,theremainingcarbon...”和图表内容可知，收入高的人群碳排放也高，所以是正相关关

系。故选C。

27.考查动词短语辨析。句意：要跟上全球消费速度需要大量的资源和金钱。A.giveriset。引起,B.k?epupwith跟上C

cutdownon减少,D.runouto「用完。根据“Nearl