《湿法冶金过程及设备培训》-比重岗位实践重难点答疑

比重岗位实践重难点答疑Q&AonKeyandDifficultQuestionsinSpecificGravityPostPractice一、常见重点问题答疑I.AnswerstoFrequentlyAskedKeyQuestions1.比重岗位需监控的关键工艺参数有哪些？1.Whatarethekeyprocessparametersthatneedtobemonitoredforspecificgravityposts?解答：关键工艺参数及控制要求如下：Answer:Keyprocessparametersandcontrolrequirementsareasfollows:槽温：控制范围37℃～40℃，通过调整空气冷却塔流量维持稳定；Celltemperature:Thecontrolrangeis37℃~40℃,whichismaintainedstablebyadjustingtheflowrateoftheaircoolingtower;流量：总流量及各槽流量需稳定均匀，发现分配异常时及时调整管路阀门；Flowrate:Thetotalflowrateandtheflowrateofeachcellshouldbestableanduniform,andthepipelinevalveshouldbeadjustedintimewhenabnormaldistributionisfound;锌酸比：根据电解液、新液、废液中Zn与H₂SO₄含量动态调整，若电解液锌含量过高需增加新液加入量；Zinc-acidratio:ItisdynamicallyadjustedaccordingtothecontentofZnandH₂SO₄intheelectrolyte,newliquid,andwasteliquid.Ifthezinccontentintheelectrolyteistoohigh,theaddedamountofnewliquidneedstobeincreased;电解液比重：按规范操作仪器测试，通过新液与废液的配比调节比重至工艺要求范围。Specificgravityofelectrolyte:Itisnecessarytooperatetheinstrumentaccordingtothespecificationfortest,andadjustthespecificgravitytotherangerequiredbytheprocessthroughtheratioofnewliquidandwasteliquid.2.电解槽发生严重漏液或漏液导致横电时，应急处理流程是什么？2.Whatistheemergencytreatmentprocesswhenseriousliquidleakageoccursintheelectrolyzerortheleakagecausesashortcircuit?解答：严重漏液处理：立即采取临时补漏措施（如使用堵漏材料封堵漏点），同时第一时间上报车间和生产调度，做好现场围挡防止电解液扩散；Answer:Treatmentofseriousleakage:Taketemporaryleakagerepairmeasuresimmediately(suchasusingpluggingmaterialstosealtheleakagepoint),andreporttotheworkshopsupervisorandproductiondispatcherassoonaspossible,andmakeon-siteenclosuretopreventthespreadofelectrolyte;漏液横电处理：保持电解槽液面稳定，严防断电，执行横电操作维持电流通路，随后按流程上报车间，待专业人员进一步处理，期间持续监控漏液情况和电流稳定性。Treatmentofleakage-inducedshortcircuit:Keeptheliquidleveloftheelectrolyzerstable,strictlypreventpowerfailure,performshortcircuitoperationtomaintainthecurrentpath,thenreportittotheworkshopsupervisoraccordingtotheprocessforfurthertreatmentbyprofessionals,andcontinuousmonitortheliquidleakageandcurrentstabilityduringthisperiod.二、常见难点问题答疑II.AnswerstoFrequentlyAskedDifficultQuestions1.中晚班同时遇到设备维修和漏液问题时，如何协调处理以保障生产稳定？1.Howaretheycoordinatedanddealtwithtoensurestableproductionwhenequipmentmaintenanceandliquidleakageproblemsareencounteredinthemiddleandeveningshiftsatthesametime?解答：优先紧急处置漏液：立即采取临时补漏措施控制漏液扩散，同时通过电话或系统同步上报生产调度和车间，明确漏液位置、严重程度及已采取的措施；Answer:Giveprioritytoemergencydisposalofleakage:Immediatelytaketemporaryleakrepairmeasurestocontrolthespreadofleakage,andsimultaneouslyreportittotheproductiondispatcherandworkshopsupervisorbytelephoneorsystemtoclarifythelocationandseverityofleakageandmeasurestakenaccordingly;设备维修协调：向调度说明设备故障情况，确认维修人员到场时间，在维修区域悬挂警示牌，做好安全隔离；Equipmentmaintenancecoordination:Explaintheequipmentfailuretothedispatcher,confirmthearrivaltimeofmaintenancepersonnel,hangwarningsignsinthemaintenancearea,andconductsafetyisolation;生产监控：在等待处理期间，加强对槽温、流量、电流等参数的监控，必要时临时调整工艺参数（如降低局部流量）维持基本生产，避免问题扩大；Productionmonitoring:Duringthewaitingperiod,strengthenthemonitoringofcelltemperature,flowrate,currentandotherparameters,andtemporarilyadjustprocessparameters(suchasreducinglocalflowrate)whennecessarytomaintainbasicproductionandavoidtheexpansionofproblems;记录与交接：详细记录事件处理过程、参数变化及未完成事项，为接班人员做好交接准备。Recordingandhandover:Recordtheeventhandlingprocess,parameterchangesandunfinishedmattersindetail,andprepareforathoroughshifthandovertonext-shiftpersonnel.2.进行电解液比重测试时，仪器操作的关键细节是什么？如何避免测试误差？2.Whatarethekeydetailsofinstrumentoperationduringspecificgravitytestofelectrolyte?Howaretesterrorsavoided?解答：仪器准备：确保测试仪器清洁无残留，胶头完好无破损；Answer:Instrumentpreparation:Ensurethatthetestinstrumentiscleanandresidue-free,andtherubbertipisintactwithoutdamage;取样操作：吹收废液时需使小管底部胶头浮起，尾端避免触碰仪器壁，防止污染样本或影响读数；Samplingoperation:Whenaspiratingwasteliquid,therubbertipatthebottomofthesmalltubeshouldfloat,andthetailendshouldavoidtouchingtheinstrumentwalltopreventcontaminationofthesampleoraffectingthereading;读数规范：保持视线与刻度线水平，待液面稳定后读取数值，避免因操作过快导致气泡干扰；Readingspecifications:Keepthelineofsightlevelwiththescalemark,andreadthevalueaftertheliquidlevelisstabletoavoidbubbleinterferencecausedbyexcessiveoperation;误差控制：每批次测试前用标准液校准仪器，测试完成后及时清理仪器，防止残留电解液结