《湿法冶金过程及设备培训》-出装槽槽面岗位实践重难点答疑

出装槽槽面岗位实践重难点答疑Q&AonKeyandDifficultQuestionsinDischargingandLoadingCellSurfacePostPractice一、常见重点问题答疑I.AnswerstoFrequentlyAskedKeyQuestions1.出装槽的核心操作流程包括哪些步骤？出槽和装板过程中需重点关注什么？1.Whatstepsdoesthecoreoperationprocessofthedischargingandloadingcellinclude?Whatshouldbefocusedonduringcelldischargingandplateloading?解答：出装槽核心操作流程如下：Answer:Thecoreoperationprocessofthedischargingandloadingcellisasfollows:出槽操作：对前2-3槽加入吐酒石溶液（出一槽加一槽）；指挥吊车吊出析出锌阴极，记录槽内接触短路并标号，随后擦亮导电铜排。Dischargingcelloperation:Addtartarsolutiontothefirst2-3cells(addtoonecelluponeachdischarging);commandthecranetoliftouttheprecipitatedzinccathode,recordthecontactshortcircuitinthecellandlabelit,andthenpolishtheconductivecopperbusbars.装板操作：指挥吊车平衡装入铝板，松开吊环提升150mm-200mm后，移动大车至下一槽挂吊出槽。Plateloadingoperation:Commandthecranetoloadthealuminumplateinabalancedway,loosentheliftingringandliftitby150mm-200mm,andthenmovethecranetothenextcelltohangitoutofthecell.重点关注事项：出槽时需准确记录短路位置，确保导电铜排清洁；装板时保证铝板平衡吊装，避免碰撞槽体或极板变形。Keymattersofconcern:Accuratelyrecordtheshortcircuitpositionduringthecelldischargingtoensurecleanconductivecopperbusbar;duringtheplateloading,ensurethatthealuminumplateishoistedinabalancedwaytoavoidcollisionwiththecellbodyordeformationofthepolarplate.2.如何识别极板导电异常？常见的导电异常问题（短路、坏腰板、错平板）应如何处理？2.Howisabnormalconductivityofthepolarplateidentified?Howarecommonconductiveabnormalproblems(shortcircuits,faultysideplates,misalignedplates)aredealtwith?解答：导电异常识别方法：通过观察电路状态判断，阳极表面冒泡多且均匀为导电良好；溶液面静止或阴极无锌析出则为导电异常。Answer:Identificationmethodofabnormalconductivity:Byobservingthecircuitstate,itcanbejudgedthattherearemanyuniformbubblesontheanodesurface,whichmeansgoodconductivity;ifthesolutionsurfaceisstillorthereisnozincprecipitationinthecathode,itisanabnormalconductivity.常见问题处理：Handlingofcommondefects:短路：出槽时记录短路位置，出装完毕后及时排查并消除接触点；Shortcircuit:Recordtheshortcircuitpositionduringcelldischarging,andcheckandeliminatethecontactpointsintimeafterdischargingandloading;坏腰板：直接更换损坏的极板，确保极板结构完整；Faultysideplate:Directlyreplacethedamagedpolarplatetoensuretheitsstructuralintegrity;错平板：矫正错位极板，必要时重新调整极板间距，避免两头搭接。。Misalignedplate:Correctthemisalignedpolarplate,andreadjustitsspacingifnecessarytoavoidoverlappingatbothends.二、常见难点问题答疑II.AnswerstoFrequentlyAskedDifficultQuestions1.指挥吊车进行极板吊出与装入时，需掌握哪些关键技巧？如何确保操作平衡、安全？1.Whatkeyskillsdoyouneedtomasterwhendirectingthecranetoliftandloadthepolarplates?Howisbalancedandsafeoperationensured?解答：吊车指挥关键技巧：Answer:Keyskillsofcranecommand:手势规范：使用标准化指挥手势（如起吊、降落、平移信号），确保与吊车工配合默契；Gesturespecification:Usestandardizedcommandgestures(suchaslifting,landingandtranslationsignals)toensuretacitcooperationwithcraneworkers;平衡控制：吊装时观察极板倾斜度，通过手势及时调整，避免极板碰撞槽壁或相互摩擦；Balancecontrol:Observetheinclinationofthepolarplatesduringhoisting,andadjustitintimethroughgesturestoavoidthepolarplatescollidingwiththecellwallorrubbingagainsteachother;位置精准：指挥吊车将极板准确对准槽口，缓慢下放，确保极板垂直入槽，间距均匀。Accurateposition:Commandthecranetoaccuratelyalignthepolarplateswiththenotchandlowerthemslowlytoensurethatthepolarplatesenterthecellverticallyandthespacingiseven.安全保障措施：操作前清理作业区域障碍物，吊车移动时人员避开机械运行范围；吊装过程中全程观察极板状态，发现晃动或偏移立即示意停车，防止极板脱落或设备损坏。。Safetyguaranteemeasures:Cleartheobstaclesintheworkingareabeforeoperation,andavoidthemechanicaloperatingrangewhenthecranemoves;duringthehoistingprocess,observethestatusofthepolarplatethroughouttheprocess,andimmediatelysignaltostopifitshakesordeviatestopreventthepolarplatefromfallingofforequipmentdamage.2.出装槽过程中若同时出现多项极板异常（如短路、坏腰板、错平板），应如何优先处理？请说明处理顺序及理由？2.Howshouldtheybedealtwithfirstifmultiplepolarplateabnormalities(suchasshortcircuit,badwaistplate,wrongplate)occuratthesametimeduringthedischargingandloadingcellprocess?Pleaseexplaintheprocessingsequenceandreasons?解答：异常处理优先级及理由：Answer:Exceptionhandlingpriorityandreason:优先处理短路问题：短路会导致局部电流过大，引发极板过热或损坏设备，甚至影响整个系列电路稳定性，需第一时间标记并消除；Prioritizehandlingofshort-circuitproblems:Short-circuitswillcauseexcessivelocalcurrent,leadingtopolarplateoverheatingorequipmentdamage,andevenaffectingthestabilityoftheentireseriesofcircuits,whichneedtobemarkedandeliminatedimmediately;其次更换坏腰板：损坏的极板可能断裂脱落，造成槽内堵塞或电路中断，需及时更换以保障极板结构完整；最后矫正错平板：错位极板虽影响导电均匀性，但短期内不会引发严重安全事故，可在短路和损坏问题处理后统一矫正。处理原则：先解决可能导致安全事故或大面积生产中断的问题，再处理影响产品质量或效率的异常，确保生产安全与稳定优先。。Secondly,replacementoffaultysideplate:Thedamagedpolarplatemaybreakandfalloff,causingblockageinthecellorcircuitinterruption,soitneedstobereplacedintimetoensurethestructuralintegrityofthepolarplate;finally,correctionofmisalignedplate:Althoughthemisalignedplateaffectstheuniformityofconductivity,itwillnotcauseserioussafetyaccidentsintheshortterm,andcanbecorrecteduniformlyaftershortcircuitanddamage