Unit 3 语法讲解（同步课件） 九年级英语全一册同步课件（人教版）

Unit3Couldyoupleasetellmewheretherestroomsare?

语法讲练1.打扰了，你知道我在哪儿能买到药？

Excuseme,doyouknowwhere_________buysomemedicine?2.当然，顺着这条街有个超市。

Sure.There’sasupermarketdownthestreet.3.请你告诉我怎样到邮局好吗？

Couldyoupleasetellme__________gettothepostoffice?4.对不起，我不确定怎样到那儿。

______,Iam____________howtogetthere.5.你能告诉我们今晚乐队什么时候开始演出吗？

Canyoutellus______________________playingthisevening?6.晚上8点开始。

Itstarts_______8:00p.m.7.我想知道接下来我们该去哪儿。

I_______wherewe_________________.8.你应该试试那个新的骑乘项目。

You__________thatnewrideoverthere.IcanhowtoSorrynotsurewhenthebandstartswondershouldgonextshouldtryatTrytoreciteGrammarFocus.PeoplesayI’mcrazyand_______Iamblind.Riskingitallinaglance.Howyougotmeblindisstillamystery.Ican’tgetyououtofmyhead.Don’tcare______iswritteninyourhistory.Aslongasyou’reherewithme.Idon’tcare_____________,______________________,_______________.

thatwhatwhoyouarewhereyou’refromwhatyoudidEnjoyasongandfillintheblanks.We

know

him．

We

know

helikesEnglish.主s主s谓v谓v宾o宾o主s谓v宾o简单句复合句Canyoutellmethedifferencebetweenthetwosentences？

因此从上面我们看出宾语一般放在__________后。如果这个宾语用句子来替代了，这个句子就叫宾语从句。所以宾语从句通常放在___________________________________。动词、介词主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后宾语从句定义

在复合句中充当宾语的从句叫宾语从句

三要素1.引导词2.语序3.时态引导词1.that无词义，可省略2.一般疑问句用whether/if引导3.只能用whether的情况a.与ornot搭配时；b.介词后；c.与不定式todo连用时；d.做主语时4.if在宾语从句表示“是否”语序用陈述语序。即引导词+主语+谓语+其他成分时态1.主现从不限；2.主过从也过；3.真理永现在。辨析that/if/whether1.Iwonder

youlikeNBA.2.Ibelieve

youwilllikeNBA.3.Ihope

IcanwatchNBA

everyday.4.Iwanttoknow_________Iclosedthewindowsornot.if/whetherthatthatwhetherTips：1.think,say,believe,hope,wish等动词后接that引导的陈述句,2.

ask,wonder,wanttoknow,Canyoutellme等动词或词组后接if/whether或特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。注意：只用whether不用if的情况①引导介词后的宾语从句时。②与ornot连用时。如：这取决于明天是否会下雪。Itdependson____________________________.我关心的是他是否喜欢英语。I’minterestedin______________________.如：我问你的秘书她是否能来。Iaskedyoursecretary___________________________.让我知道他是否已经通过了考试。Letmeknow_________________________________.whetheritwillsnowtomorrowwhetherhelikesEnglishwhethershecouldcomeornotwhetherhehaspassedtheexamornot③与不定式连用时。④宾语从句前置，置于句首时。如：我真的不知道是接受还是拒绝。Ireallydon’tknow_________________________.下周老师会告诉我们是否考试。NextMondaytheteacherwilltellus___________________.如：他们能否按时到这里，我们不知道。________________________________,wedon’tknow.我不在乎他

们是否会来参加野营。______________________________,Idon’tcare.whethertoacceptorrefusewhethertohaveatestWhethertheycancomehereontimeWhethertheywilljoininthecamp读一读找出下列句子中的宾语从句和引导词引导词除了可以用that,whether,if，还可以用where，how，when，who等_________.特殊疑问词Presentation特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，用________________做引导词，这些词在宾语从句中_________(充当/不充当)一定的句子成分，_________(可以/不可以)省略，且宾语从句要用________语序。即_______________________________________.—I’vefoundanewpen,butIdon’tknowwhoseitis.—ItmustbeLucy’s.Sheislookingforherpen.特殊疑问词充当不可以陈述疑问词+主语+谓语+其他特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句，在句子中做成分，有意义。引导词意义what什么（指物）which哪一个（指物）who谁（人的主格）whom谁（人的宾格）where地点when时间why原因how方式三要素

引导词1Presentation特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句TheDragonBoatFestivaliscoming.Couldyoutellmehow

youusuallycelebratethefestival?作方式状语TheYouthCeremony(青年盛典)washeldsuccessfully!Couldyoutellmewhoseshowmadeyouthemostexcited?作定语Iwanttoknowwhatkindofpeopleyouwanttomakefriendswith.作定语Presentation特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句Thisfamoussaying“WhenIwalkalongwithtwoothers,theymayservemeasmyteachers”tellsuswhowecanlearnfrom.作宾语—Sarah,doyouknowwhenWorldBookDayis?—It’sonApril23.作时间状语—CanyoutellmewhyyouwentforaholidayalongtheSilkRoad?—Ithelpedmeunderstandthehistoryofthemaincities.作原因状语Presentation特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句__________如what，which，whose，whom等,在从句中作主语、宾语、定语等。__________如When(指时间)，where(指地点)，why(表原因)，how(表方式)等，在从句中作状语。连接代词连接副词—The2022WinterOlympicswasheldinChina.Doyouknowwhichcitiesitwasheldin?—Yes.InBeijingandZhangjiakou.Presentation特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句疑问代词疑问副词无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，也无论主从句是什么引导词，宾语从句一律用__________，即“__________________________”。陈述语序引导词+主语+谓语+其它who,whom,whose,which,what,等when,where,why,how等引导词语序特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句—Excuseme,couldyoutellmewhentheconcertwillstart?—At7o’clockintheevening.练习：引导词的选择1.Idon’tknow_______heisdoing.2.Iwonder_____Alicestudiessohard.3.Iremember______hegavemeabookyesterday.4.Iwonder_________hecomeswithustomorrow.5.Wewanttoknow

________thebandstartsplayingthisevening.6.Doyouknow________willgiveareport?7.Iamnotsure________teamwillwinthematch.what,which,why,when,if,that,whowhatwhythatifwhenwhowhichExercise1.Heaskedme_______Icouldsingthesong“MyHeartwillGoOn.”A.if

B.weather

C.what

D.that2.Theydon’tknow_______theirparentsare.A.that

B.what

C.why

D.which3.Doyouknow_____theylistenedtoyesterdayevening?

A.whatB.whenC.whyD.how

4.Theydon’tknow______theirparentswillcomeornot.

A.thatB.whatC.ifD.whether

5.Hesays________hecanspeakEnglish.A.ifB.thatC.whatD.whereABADB三要素

语序2Whendoesthebandstartplayingthisevening?Couldyoutellme?Couldyoutellmewhenthebandstartsplayingthisevening?改写后发生了什么改变？在特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句中,特殊疑问词后面的句子是______.一般疑问句语序陈述语序陈述句T&F：判断宾语从句的语序1.Ireallydon'tknowwhyheissonervous.2.MyfriendaskedmehowdidIgethomethatnight.3.Let'sdiscusswherewillwegoafterourexam.4.Idon'tknowhowIshoulddoitnext.5.Couldyoupleasetellmewherewewillhaveameeting?howIwenthome...wherewewill...PresentationObserveandfindouttherulesExcuseme,doyouknowwhereIcanbuysomemedicine?Sure.There’sasupermarketdownthestreet.Couldyoupleasetellmehowtogettothepostoffice?Sorry,I’mnotsurehowtogetthere.Couldyoutelluswhenthebandstartsplayingthisevening?Itstartsat8:00p.m.Iwonderwhereweshouldgonext.Youshouldtrythatnewrideoverthere.特殊疑问词+动词不定式含有宾语从句的复合句与简单句转换①Ihaven’tdecidedwhereIwillgo=Ihaven’tdecidedwheretogo②HeaskedmewhatIbought=Heaskedmewhattobuy.当主句的主语和从句的主语一致时，则原本由疑问词引导的宾语从句可以变成“疑问词+动词不定式”［练习］Idon’tknowwhatIshalldonext.＝Idon’tknow

next.whattodo

当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who等疑问词作主语时，也就是说特殊疑问句句子的主语是特殊疑问词，语序不变：What’swrong?

What’sthematter?What'sinthedesk?What’shappening?Whichisthewayto……?eg:Idon’tknowwhat’sthematter.

Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?三要素

时态3010203主现从不限主过从也过真理永现在Shesaidshemissedusverymuch.Myfathersaidtheearthgoesaroundthesun..She

says

she

will

gotoBeijingtomorrow.考点二宾语从句的时态MyfatherasksmeifIclosedthewindowsjustnow.Ourteacher

says

itisimportanttolearnEnglishwell.

Jennyknows

whatthemanwasdoingatthattime.

他知道那时那个人什么。

YouwillunderstandwhyIdiditoneday.总有一天你会明白我为什么那样做。Billwonders

whethertheywillhavezongziagainnextyear.比尔想知道是否他们明年再吃到粽子。Rule1:如果主句是一般现在时或一般将来

时,宾语从句的时态不受限制,可根据实际表达的需要来确定。

需要性原则主现从不限Ithought

(that)hehadgonetothetownthatday.我以为他那天进城去了。Hetoldmewherehewasgoingthissummervacation.他告诉我今年暑假他要去哪里度假。考点二宾语从句的时态HewonderedifIcouldhelphim.Hetoldmethathewasbornin1996.Rule2:如果主句是一般过去时,宾语从句用过去时态的某种形式。呼应性原则主过从也过主句是_______________，宾语从句可以是_________________。当从句是客观真理/定义/公理/定理时，从句只能用______________宾语从句时态主句是_________________________，宾语从句可以是________________。一般现在时/或一般将来时任意时态一般过去时相应的过去时态一般现在时主过从必过真理永一现主现从任意MyfatherasksmeifIclosedthewindowsjustnow.Ihearthat

Tomwillcometomorrow.OurteachersaysitisimportanttolearnEnglishwell.

Rule1:当主句是一般现在时，从句的时态___________________。根据实际情况而定考点二时态Myteacheraskedme

ifIhadfinishedmyhomework.HewonderedifIcouldhelphim.Hetoldmethathewasbornin1996.Rule2:当主句是一般过去时，从句通常也用相应的_____________。过去时态Myteachertellsmethatlighttravelsfastersound.Ourteachertoldusthattheearthgoesroundthesun.Rule3:当从句是客观真理或事实时，从句只能用

。一般现在时陈述句语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语+其他”Summary宾语从句引导词1.陈述句—that2.一般疑问句—if/whether3.特殊疑问句—特殊疑问词。语序时态1.当主句是一般现在时，从句的时态根据实际情况而定2.当主句是一般过去时，从句通常也用相应的过去时态3.当从句是客观真理或事实时，只能用一般现在时宾语从句口诀：宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制；主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether，特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。Practicemakesperfect1.—Doyouknow______thegirlinblueis?—I’mnotsure.Maybeateacher.whose

B.how

C.what

D.which2.Ihope________itwillsnowthiswinter.A.When

B.if

C.whether

D./3.Ican’tremember______Ihaveseenhimbefore.A.WhetherB.whyC.that D.howCDA4.—Doyouknow________？I’mgoingtoseehim.—Sorry，Idon’tknow.A.wheredoesMr.Lilive B.wheredidMr.LiliveC.whereMr.Lilives D.whereMr.Lilived5.Couldyoutellme

?wherethetwinswere

B.wherethetwinsare

C.wherearethetwins6.Tellme

.whatwrongiswithhim

B.what'swrongtohimC.whatthematteriswithhim

D.what'sthematterwithhimPracticemakesperfectCBD6.Iwonder________AhowwillyoucelebrateThanksgivingBthattheWaterFestivalisreallyfunCwhatdopeopleeatontheMid-AutumnFestivalDwhetheryouwillmakearesolutiononNewYear’sDay7.–Excuseme.Couldyoutellme_______aboutthelocalhistoryandculture?-Ofcourse.Youcancheckitonthiscomputer.AhowcanIgettheinformationBwhatinformationdidIgetCwhereIcangettheinformationDthatIgottheinformationPracticemakesperfectCD做题三部曲123引导词陈述语序时态Task2Whichsentenceismorepolite?WherecanIbuysomemedicine?Excuseme,doyouknowwhereIcanbuysomemedicine?Excuseme,doyouknowwhereIcanbuysomemedicine?1.Excuseme,canyoupleasetellme.......2.Pardonme,doyouknow......3.Couldyoutellme......Speakmoresentencespolitely.

如何改为宾语从句

Whatisshedoing?Canyoutellme?

Wheredoesshelive?Doyouknow?

Canyoutellmewhatsheisdoing?Doyouknowwhereshelives?规律总结1.含有宾语从句的句子结构：“主句+引导词+宾语从句”2.特殊疑问句的引导词不变，就是特殊疑问词。一般疑问句用if/whether连接。3.引导词后面的句子由一般疑问句语序变为陈述语序。（be动词和情态动词开头的特殊疑问保留；助动词开头的特殊疑问去掉）4.改写后句子，标点符号随主句。把下列的句子改为宾语从句

1.“Whoishe?”Doyouknow?

2.“Canyoufinishitbyyourself?”heasks.

Doyouknow

who

heis?Heasks

if/whether

youcanfinishitbyyourself.把下列的句子改为宾语从句

3.“Ishereading?”Doyouknow?

4.“DoesTomworkhard?”heasks.

Doyouknow

if/whether

heisreading?Heasksif/whether

Tomworkshard.把下列的句子改为宾语从句

3.“Whichplacedidhegoto?”

Doyouknow?

4.“Wheredoeshecomefrom?”heasks.

Doyouknowwhichplacehewentto?Heaskswhere

hecomesfrom.巩固练习将下列句子合并为一句：1.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.2.“Ishedoinghishomework?”Jimasked.3.“Whenwillhecomeback?”Tomasked.4.“HowcanIgettothestation?”Couldyoutellme?5.“Whyisthetrainlate?”Wouldyoutellme?6.“WhereisTom?”Theyasked.Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.Jimaskedifhewasdoinghishomework.Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?TheyaskedwhereTomwas.

4.直接引语变间接引语的人称变化人称的变化规则：_______________________________。一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新❶

一随主：引号内的第一人称变间接引语后与主句主语的人称保持一致。如：Hesays,“Ilikemathverymuch.”他说：“我非常喜欢数学。”Hesaysthat_____________________.helikesmathverymuch❷

二随宾：引号内的第二人称变间接引语后与主句宾语的人称保持一致。如：HesaidtoLily,“youmustgetupearly.”他对莉莉说：“你必须早起。”HetoldLilythat____________________________.❸第三人称不更新：引号内的第三人称在变间接引语后人称不变如：Shesaidtome,“Theywanttohelphim.”她对我说：“他们想帮助他。”Shetoldmethat______________________.shemustgetupearlytheywantedtohelphim将所给直接引语变为间接引语，每空一词。Exercise1.“Iamhavingsupper,”hesaid.Hesaidthat______________havingsupper.2.“I’veseenthefilm,”Ginasaidtome.Gina_______methatshe______________thefilm.3.“Iwenthomewithmysister,”shesaid.Shesaidthat_____________________homewithhersister.4.Theteachersaid,“Thesunisbiggerthanthemoon.”Theteachersaidthatthesun_______biggerthanthemoon.5.“Imetheryesterday,”hesaidtome.Hetoldmethathe_______methertheday_______.6.“Youmustcomeherebeforefive,”hesaid.HesaidthatI_______togo_______beforefive.7.“Iboughtthecomputertwoweeksago,”shesaid.Shesaidthatshe_______boughtthecomputertwoweeks_______.hewastoldhadseenshehadgoneishadhadtherebeforebeforehad宾语从句否定转移

Ithink,“sheisn’tclever.”（否定句）=I_____think__________clever.don’tsheis主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来。Idon’tthinkhewillcomewithyou.我认为他将不和你一起来。附连词if和when在宾语从句和状语从句中的区别1.Doyouknowifit_____tomorrow?Ifit_____,wewon’tgotothepark.A.rains,willrainB.rains,rainsC.willrain,rainsD.willrain,willrainC2.Idon’tknowwhenhe_________(come).Ican’twaithereanymore.Whenhe_______(come),pleaseaskhimtocallme.willcomecomesLookatthesentences.Arethesequestionspoliteorimpolite?Doyouthinkthesequestionsaremorelikelyaskedbetweenfriendsorbetweenstrangers?1.WherecanIbuysomegrapesorotherfruit?2.HowdoesthisCDplayerwork?3.HowdoIgettotheCentralLibrary?4.IstheItalianrestaurantnearbyopenonMondays?Rewritethequestionstomakethemmorepolite.4a

WherecanIbuysomegrapesorotherfruits?2.HowdoesthisCDplayerwork?3.HowdoIgettotheCentralLibrary?4.IstheItalianrestaurantnearbyopenonMondays?CouldyoutellmewhereIcanbuysomegrapesorotherfruits?CouldyoutellmehowthisCDplayerworks?Couldyoutellmehow

togettotheCentralLibrary?CouldyoutellmewhethertheItalianrestaurantnearbyisopenonMondaysornot?Whatshouldeachpersonaskinthefollowingsituations?1.Timisveryhungry.CouldyoutellmewhereIcangetsomethingtoeat?Excuseme,canyoutellmehowIcangettoanearbyrestaurant?Pardonme,doyouknowifthereisarestaurantaroundhere?4b2.Sallyneedstomailaletter.Excuseme,canyoutellmewherethenearestpostofficeis?Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmehowIcangettothepostoffice?Pardonme,wouldyoumindtellingmehowtogettothepostoffice?CouldyoutellmewhereIcanmailaletter?3.Helenneedstoknowwhenthebikeshopcloses.Couldyoutellmewhenthebikeshopcloseseveryday?Excuseme,canyoutellmewhenthebikeshopcloseseveryday?Excuseme,wouldyoumindtellingmewhenthebikeshopcloseseveryday?Pardonme,Iwonderwhenthebikeshopcloseseveryday?4.Beniswonderingifthere’sabankintheshoppingcenter.Excuseme,wouldyoumindtellingmeifthere’sabankintheshoppingcenter?Couldyoupleasetellmewherethebankisintheshoppingcenter?Pardonme,Iwonderifthereisabankintheshoppingcenter.Writefourquestionsthatatouristmightaskaboutyourtown/city.Thenrole-playconversationswithyourpartner.A:Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmewherethenearestbankis?B:Sure.Yougoeastalongthisstreet...1.

Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmeifthere’sarestaurantaroundhere?2.

Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmewheretherestroomsare?4c3.

Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmeifthereisabusstoparoundhere?4.

Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmehowIcangettoahotel?5.

Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmewhereisthefamouspark?Pleaseshowthemtheway.Supposeoneofyouwasoneofthem,theotherwasalocal,role-playconversations.A:Couldyoupleasetellme…?Excuseme,doyouknow…?Pardonme,doyouhaveanyidea…?Wouldyoumindtellingme…?B:Sure.YougonorthalongLongStreet,….

restaurantbankpostofficebikeshopNorthEastsouthwestgonorth向北走goeastrestaurantbankpostofficebikeshopNorthEastsouthwestLet’stalk.Timisnewhere.Heisveryhungry.