阅读理解记叙文知识点总结1

阅读理解记叙文知识点总结1一、英语阅读理解记叙文（含答案详细解析）1．阅读理解

ChineseFarmers'Harvest（收获，收割）FestivalisthefirstfestivalinChinaforfarmers.Thefestivalstartingfrom2018,fallsontheAutumnalEquinox（秋分）eachyear.TheAutumnalEquinoxisoneofthe24solarterms（节气）oftheChineselunarcalendarandusuallyfallsbetweenSeptember22ndand24th,duringthecountry'sharvestseason.

Asweallknow,Chinahasthelargestpopulationallovertheworld.Itwasdifficulttofeedthelargestpopulationinthepast.Afterreformandopening（改革开放）,withthedevelopmentofmodernagriculture（农业）,people'slifeisgettingbetterandbetter,andtheirlivingconditionshaveimprovedalot.ChineseFarmers'HarvestFestivalshowsthatourgovernmentispayingmoreattentiontoagricultureandfarmers'life.Itwillgreatlyencouragefarmerstofarmanddevelopfurthermodemagriculture.Chinahasalonghistoryofagriculture.ChineseFarmers'HarvestFestival,theculturalsymbol,helpstoshowChina'slongfarmingculturetotheworld.ItalsoconnectstheexcellenttraditionalChineseculturetomodemcivilization（文明）andimprovestheculturalself-confidenceandnationalpride.

Sincethefestivalisespeciallycreatedforfarmers,theyareencouragedtothinkoftheirownwaystocelebrateharvest.Someactivitiesareheldacrossthecountry,butmostofthecelebrationswilltakeplaceatalocallevelthatcomesfromlocalcustoms.Also,localgovernmentusuallyhostsallkindsofactivitiesforthefestival,suchasfolkcultureperformances,foodtastingandsoon.

Somepeoplethinkthefestivalisthehappiesttimeofayear,evenbetterthantheSpringFestival,becausefoodgivespeopleasenseofsafetyandhope.Forotherpeople,theharvestfestivalisatimetolookbackatthepastandlookforwardtothefuture.（1）WeprobablycelebratetheChineseFarmers'HarvestFestivalon______________.A.

September20th

B.

September23rd

C.

September25th

D.

October1st（2）ThemainpurposesthatChineseFarmers'HarvestFestivalwascreateddon'tinclude_______.A.

showingthelonghistoryoffarmingcultureofChinaB.

improvingChineseculturalself-confidenceandnationalprideC.

encouragingChinesefarmerstogiveuplocalcustomsD.

connectingthetraditionalChineseculturetomodemcivilization（3）Wecanlearnfromthethirdparagraphthat______________________.A.

thecelebrationswillbedifferentlybasedonlocalcustomsB.

westerncountriesalsocelebratetheFanners'HarvestFestivalC.

theFarmers'HarvestFestivalisoneoftheChinesetraditionalfestivalsD.

TheFarmers'HarvestFestivaliscreatedforbothfarmersandworkers（4）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.

TheFarmers'HarvestFestivalfallsondifferentdaysindifferentareasinChina.B.

TheFarmers'HarvestFestivalisthebesttimetoharvestcrops（庄稼）intheworld.C.

TheFarmers'HarvestFestivalhasbeencelebratedtwiceinourcountrysofar.D.

China'smodemagriculturehasgreatlydevelopedbecauseofreformandopening.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文介绍了中国的首届中国农民丰收节。节日定语中国的二十四解气的秋分，这个节日是为农民创建的，鼓励他们用自己的方式庆祝收获。有农民认为这个节日是他们一年中最快乐的时候。（1）细节理解题，根据heAutumnalEquinoxisoneofthe24solarterms（节气）oftheChineselunarcalendarandusuallyfallsbetweenSeptember22ndand24th,

可知，秋分在月22日-24日的某一天，所以庆祝丰收节应该在这个事件范围内。故答案是B。（2）细节理解题，根据Someactivitiesareheldacrossthecountry,butmostofthecelebrationswilltakeplaceatalocallevelthatcomesfromlocalcustoms.Also,localgovernmentusuallyhostsallkindsofactivitiesforthefestival,suchasfolkcultureperformances,foodtastingandsoon.

可知C的陈述绝对错误，故答案是C。（3）细节理解题，根据butmostofthecelebrationswilltakeplaceatalocallevelthatcomesfromlocalcustoms.可知，庆祝活动应基于当地的风土人情，故答案是A。​​​​​​​（4）正误判断题，根据

Afterreformandopening（改革开放）,withthedevelopmentofmodernagriculture（农业）,people'slifeisgettingbetterandbetter,andtheirlivingconditionshaveimprovedalot.ChineseFarmers'HarvestFestivalshowsthatour

可知，因为改革开放，中国的现代农业取得了很大的成就，故答案是D。【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及到了细节理解题和正误判断题，细节理解题一般可知直接在文中找到答案，正误判断题也是细节理解题的一种，也是基于短文内容进行判断的。2．阅读理解

Whenfacedwithdifficultsituationsintheirlives,manypeoplefindthemtoochallengingandgiveup,especiallyontheirlifedreams.ButnotforGabrielHeredia.

Gabrrelisa21-year-oldArgentineanbarber（阿根廷理发师）whowasbornwithouthands.Buthewasabletogrowuphappyandindependentbecausehealwayshadthesupportoffriendsandfamily.Infact,hisinspirationforsuchworkwashismother,whoisahairdresser.Attheageof14,hebegantotakeinterestinherworkandlearnedallkindsofhaircuttingskillsfromher.Althoughhefirstsawitasaninterest,Gabrielquicklydecidedthatthiswashisdreamjob.

Gabriel'sfamilysoonhelpedhimopenhisfirstbarbershopinSanIsidro,Peru,whichheworkedatforoneandahalfyears.There,hemetZlatanGomez,thepresidentofArgentinaCorta,anorganizationforbarberstoconnect,docharity（慈善）work,andteachhairdressing.Later,GabrielbecamepartofArgentinaCorta,offeringhisservicestopeopleofallagessotheycanbuilduptheskillstheyneedtogetajob.

GabrielthenmovedtoBuenosAires,Argentinawherehecutshairtoday.Asabrightandcaringyoungman,Gabrieltrieshardtonotonlybeabarber,butalsomakeaconnectionwiththeneighborhood.Hesays,"ThethingthatIlikethemostaboutmyjobisthatpeoplefeelcomfortableandstylishwithmycutsandthatmakesmefeelhappy."

Gabrielalwaysdoeshisbesttobeindependent.Henevergivesup.Thereisnothinghecan'tdo.Besidescuttinghair,hehaslearnedtorideabike,amotorbikeandeventodriveacar.Heisnodoubtinspiringothers.（1）WhenGabrielwasborn,whatmadehimdifferentfromothers?A.

Hewasbornwithouthands.B.

Hisspecialhaircut.C.

Hislifedream.D.

Hishappinessandindependence.（2）Atfirst,GabrielHeredialearnedhaircuttingskills________________.A.

fromZlatanGomez

B.

fromhismother

C.

fromhisfriends

D.

byhimself（3）WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutGabrielHerediaisNOTtrue?A.

Hetrieshardtomakeaconnectionwiththeneighborhood.B.

Hecannotonlycuthairbutalsodriveacar.C.

HejoinedArgentinaCortaandtaughtothershaircuttingskillsinSanIsidro.D.

HeopenedhisfirstbarbershopinBuenosAireswiththehelpofhisfamily.（4）WhatdoesGabriel'sstorymainlytellus?A.

Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending.B.

You'renevertoooldtolearn.C.

Nothingisimpossibleifyoudon'tgiveup.D.

Educationchangeslife.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】文章大意：很多人在面对困难时会选择放弃，但是加布里埃尔·赫雷迪亚没有放弃，他是一个理发师，生下来就没有双手，但是能够独立的成长，在家人的鼓励和支持下，实现了自己的梦想，后来帮搬到了阿根廷首都，布宜诺斯艾利斯，继续在那里理发。加布里埃尔总是尽力保持独立。他从不放弃。他什么都能做。除了剪发，他还学会了骑自行车、摩托车甚至开车。他无疑在激励别人。（1）细节理解题，根据whowasbornwithouthands.

可知，使他与众不同的是剩下了就没有双手，故答案是A。（2）细节理解题，根据

Infact,hisinspirationforsuchworkwashismother,whoisahairdresser.Attheageof14,hebegantotakeinterestinherworkandlearnedallkindsofhaircuttingskillsfromher.

可知是他的理发技艺来自他的妈妈，故答案是B。​​​​​​​（3）正误判断题题，根据Gabriel'sfamilysoonhelpedhimopenhisfirstbarbershopinSanIsidro,Peru,whichheworkedatforoneandahalfyears.可知他在家人的帮助下在秘鲁圣伊西德罗开了第一家理发店，而不是在布宜诺斯艾利斯，所以D的叙述错误，故答案是D。​​​​​​​（4）细节理解题，根据根据文章内容可知，只要不放弃，什么都能成为可能，故答案是C。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和正误判断题。细节理解题要可以直接从文中寻找答案；文章出处题需要根据文章内容确定其来源；正误判断题属于细节理解题的一种，也需要根据文章内容进行判定。3．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的几个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Whenhewasnineyearsold,AmericanboyMiloCresshadaquestion:Howmanyplasticstraws（吸管）doAmericansuseeveryday?

Hequicklylearnedtherewasn'tasimpleanswer.Theboytriedtoworkitouthimself.Throughlotsofresearch,CressfoundoutthatAmericansuseabout500millionstrawseveryday.Inhopesofreducingplasticwaste,hefoundedtheBeStrawFreeprojectin2011.

Cressstartedtheprojectinhishometown–Burlington,Vermont.Heaskedalocalrestauranttostopofferingstrawswitheverydrinkorder.Itwasasimplechange.However,itwouldsavemoney.Andbydoingthat,therestaurantwouldcutdownonitsstrawuseby50percent.

Fortheyearsthatfollowed,CresstriedtospreadhisprojectacrosstheUnitedStates.Moreandmorerestaurantsagreedtojoin.Theystopprovidingthecustomerwithastrawunlessheorsheasksforone.LastApril,SeattlebecamethefirstAmericancitytocompletelyban（禁止）plasticstraws.

Plasticpollutionhasbeenoneofthemostseriousproblemstoday.Accordingtoscientists,morethaneightmilliontonsofplasticendupintheoceaneachyear.Plasticstrawsareespeciallyterrible.Theymakeiteasyforpeopletogetcomfortablewithsingle-useplastics.

Afterhisprojectbecamepopular,Cresstookhisfindingsontheroad.Hehassincespokentotensofthousandsofstudentsaroundtheworld.Hewantstoencouragemorepeopletosaynotoplasticstraws.

"Focusing（聚焦）onstrawsisonesimplestepweallcouldtake,"Cresssays."AnditmakesmefeelthatI,asakid,couldmakeadifference,too."（1）WhendidMiloCressstarttocareabouttheproblemofstraws?A.

Tenyearsago.

B.

Intheyear2011.

C.

Intheyearthathewas9.（2）CressstartedtheBeStrawFreeprojectinorderto

.A.

getagoodscoreinscienceathisschoolB.

encouragepeopletoreduceplasticwasteC.

becomeafamouspersoninhishometown（3）WhatdidCressaskarestaurantinBurlingtontodo?A.

Stopofferingstrawstoitscustomers.B.

Preventpeoplefromusingstrawstodrink.C.

Countthenumberofstrawsituseseveryday.（4）Plasticstrawsareespeciallyterriblebecause

.A.

theyarethemostseriousproblemtodayB.

scientistspaylittleattentiontotheirinfluenceC.

theyhelppeoplegetusedtousingsingle-useplastics（5）Overtheyears,Cresshas

.①spreadhisprojectacrosstheUnitedStates②askedSeattletocompletelybanplasticbags③countedtheplasticstrawsintheoceaneveryyear④spokentoteensaroundtheworldaboutplasticwasteA.

①③

B.

②③

C.

①④【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A（4）C（5）C【解析】【分析】本文介绍了塑料垃圾对环保的危害，Cress用环保吸管替代塑料吸管。（1）细节题。根据Whenhewasnineyearsold,AmericanboyMiloCresshadaquestion:Howmanyplasticstraws（吸管）doAmericansuseeveryday可知9岁的时候，米洛·克里斯开始关心吸管的问题了，故选C。（2）细节题。根据

Inhopesofreducingplasticwaste,hefoundedthe

BeStrawFree

projectin2011.可知为了鼓励减少塑料垃圾，他在2011年创建了无稻草项目，故选B。（3）细节题。根据Heaskedalocalrestauranttostopofferingstrawswitheverydrinkorder，可知他要求当地一家餐馆停止为每一份饮料订单提供吸管，故选A。（4）细节题。根据Plasticstrawsareespeciallyterrible.Theymakeiteasyforpeopletogetcomfortablewithsingle-useplastics.可知塑料吸管尤其可怕。它们让人们更容易适应一次性塑料制品，故选C。（5）细节题。根据CresstriedtospreadhisprojectacrosstheUnitedStates和Hehassincespokentotensofthousandsofstudentsaroundtheworld可知这些年来，克雷斯把他的项目推广到了美国，并向全世界的青少年讲述了塑料废料的问题，故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。4．阅读理解

Whenhedidn'tbecomefamous,AlbertEinstein,oneofthegreatestscientistsintheworld,livedahardlife,wearingcasually.Someoneremindedhimheshouldhaveadecent（得体的）coatsoastoenterthesociety.

Hesaid,"I'munknown.EvenifIwearmorehandsomely,noonewillknowme."Afewyearslater,Einsteinbecameaworld-famousscientist,whostillworecasually.Themanagainremindedheshouldhaveacoatmadequickly,oritwoulddisagreewiththefameofagreatscientist.Einsteinsaidwithasmile,"Now,evenifIwearragged（衣衫褴褛的）clothes,peoplewillknowme."

Sometimes,heevenworeasportsshirtandapairofsandalstotheUniversityofBerlinwhenheworkedasaprofessorinGermany.Hisfriendsdidn'tagreewithhim,buthesaidjokingly,"Ifthebagisbetterthanthemeatinside,itwillbeabadthing."

Indeed,manyatime,ifwedon'tadorn（修饰;装饰）ourselvesfromtheappearancebutlettheskeleton（骨架;骨骼）ofthespiritstandup,wewon'tfalloverinthisworld.（1）Einsteinwasagreat__________.A.

reporter

B.

writer

C.

scientist

D.

artist（2）Beforebecomingfamous,whensomeoneremindedhimtohaveadecentcoat.Einstein____.A.

hadadecentcoatquickly

B.

stillworecasuallyC.

quarreledwiththeperson

D.

woremorehandsomelythen（3）Whatcanwelearnfromthefourthparagraph?A.

Einsteinwasunfriendlytohisfriends.B.

EinsteinoncestudiedintheUniversityofBerlin.C.

Einsteindidn'tlikehisworkasaprofessorinGermany.D.

Einsteinthoughtthethingsinsideapersonweremoreimportantthantheappearance.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D【解析】【分析】文章大意：世界著名科学家爱因斯坦成名前后都穿着随意，面对人们的劝说，他的回答发人深思。他认为：一个人内在的品质要比外表更重要。我们应该让精神的骨架站起来，才能立于不败之地。（1）细节理解题。由文中语句AlbertEinstein，oneofthegreatestscientistsintheworld可知，爱因斯坦是一位伟大的科学家。故选C。（2）推理判断题。根据第一段最后

Someoneremindedhimheshouldhaveadecent（得体的）coatsoastoenterthesociety.“有人提醒他为了融入社会他应该有一件得体的外套”；第二段语句

Hesaid,"I'munknown.EvenifIwearmorehandsomely,noonewillknowme."爱因斯坦回答“我没有名气。即便我穿得更英俊漂亮，也没有人会认识我。”由此推断，爱因斯坦没有听从别人劝告，依然穿着很随意，故选B。（3）推理判断题。阅读短文第四段可知，爱因斯坦在柏林大学工作时，穿着运动衫和凉鞋去学校，朋友们不赞同时，他说“如果袋子比里面的肉好，那将是一件坏事。”这里爱因斯坦将袋子和肉分别比作人的外在和内在，故选D。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和推理判断等常考题型，推理判断题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。5．阅读理解

Manyscientiststhinkthattheearthisgettingwarmerandwarmer.Ifthechangecontinues,thenaturalworldandhumansocietywillfacedanger.Scientistsbelievehumanactivityisresponsiblefortheclimatechange.Weproducetoomanygreenhousegases.Theykeepheatintheairandmaketheearthwarm.

Manyoftheworld'sgovernmentsagree.Andtheywanttosolvetheproblem.SofromDecember7to18,2009,theyheldaconferenceinCopenhagen,Denmarktotalkaboutglobalwarmingandclimatechange.

Representatives（代表）from192countriesandregionswenttothemeeting.Althoughtheyhavenotreachedanagreement,theCopenhagenAccord（《哥本哈根协议》）wasanimportantbeginningtosavetheearth.ItwasmadebyasmallgroupofcountriesincludingChina,theUS,India,BrazilandSouthAfrica.Someothercountriesattheconferencealsoshowedsupport.

WhatarethekeypointsoftheCopenhagenAccord?Theaccordlimitsglobaltemperatureincreasesto20Cby2050comparedtopre-1850.Scientiststhinkitcouldhelptheworldtoavoidseriousclimatechange.

Theaccordalsosaysthatdevelopedcountriesmustpromisetocutgreenhousegasemissions（排放）totheUNbyJanuary31,2010.Theaccordasksdevelopedcountriestogivemoneytohelpdevelopingcountries.

Manycountriesandorganizationsaredisappointedthattheconferencedidn'treachalegaldocument（法律约定）.Andtheythinktheaccordisnotclearenoughaboutitsgoals.

Africanleadersareworriedthatthegoalofa20Cglobaltemperatureincreaseisn'tgoodenough,becauseitwillmeanamuchhigherincreaseintemperatureacrossAfrica.Thiscouldcausebigproblemslikefoodandwatershortagesacrossthecontinent.

Still,UNSecretaryGeneralBanKi-Moonbelievestheconferencewasan"improvement".（1）Whatdoscientistsbelieveisresponsiblefortheclimatechange?A.

Humanactivity

B.

Animalsgrowing

C.

Plantsgrowing

D.

Toomanypeople（2）WhatdidmembersoftheCopenhagenMeetingNOTtalkabout?A.

Economicrecovery（经济复苏）

B.

GlobalwarmingC.

Climatechange

D.

Cuttinggreenhousegasemissions（3）What'stheattitude（态度）ofAfricanleaderstowardsthegoalofa20Cglobaltemperatureincrease?A.

Theyarehappyaboutit

B.

Theydon'tcaremuchaboutitC.

Theyareworriedaboutit

D.

Theysupportit（4）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"disappointed"mean?A.

忧虑

B.

失望

C.

害怕

D.

难过（5）WhichistrueabouttheCopenhagenAccord?A.

Developingcountriesmustpromisetocutgreenhousegasemissions.B.

Bothdevelopingcountriesanddevelopedcountriesshouldnotproduceanygreenhousegases.C.

TheEUagreedtogive＄3.6billiontohelpdevelopingcountries.D.

TheCopenhagenAccordisn'talegaldocument,butit'sanimportantbeginningtosavetheearth.【答案】（1）A（2）A（3）C（4）B（5）D【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要讲述了气候变化以及人类为了应对气候变化所做的努力。（1）细节理解题。根据Scientistsbelievehumanactivityisresponsiblefortheclimatechange.可知人类活动是造成气候变化的原因。故答案为A。（2）细节理解题。根据Sofrom7to18December,2009,theyheldaconferenceinCopenhagen,Denmarktotalkaboutglobalwarmingandclimatechange.和Theaccordlimitsglobaltemperatureincreasesto2°Cby2050.Scientiststhinkitcouldhelptheworldtoavoidseriousclimatechange.以及Theaccordalsosaysthatdevelopedcountriesmustpromisetocutgreenhousegasemissions（排放）totheUNby31January,2010.可知哥本哈根会议谈论的内容有全球变暖，气候变化以及减少温室气体排放等went，但是没有涉及到经济复苏，故选A。（3）细节理解题。根据Africanleadersareworriedthatthegoalofa2°Cglobaltemperatureincreaseisn'tgoodenough,becauseitwillmeanamuchhigherincreaseintemperatureacrossAfrica.可知非洲领导人对于全球气温上升控制在2摄氏度以内还是很胆心，故选C。（4）词义推断题。根据

Manycountriesandorganizationsaredisappointedthattheconferencedidn'treachalegaldocument（法律约定）.Andtheythinktheaccordisnotclearenoughaboutitsgoals.可知许多国家和组织对会议未能达成法律文件感到失望。该词意为失望的，故选B。（5）理解判断题。根据theCopenhagenAccord（《哥本哈根协议》）wasanimportantbeginningtosavetheEarth.以及Manycountriesandorganizationsaredisappointedthattheconferencedidn'treachalegaldocument（法律文书）.可知哥本哈根协议不是一份法律文件，但它是拯救地球的重要开端。故选D。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文浅显易懂，层次分明，很容易把握文章中心内容。答题中注意带着问题阅读短文，一般就能顺利找出答题依据。对于不能直接找到根据的问题注意联系上下文，根据短文中心总结出正确答案。6．阅读理解

China'ssecondfemaleastronaut,WangYaping,hasgiventhecountry'sfirst-evervideolecturefromspace.Thewholelecturelastedabout40minutes.

Speakingtostudentsthroughlivevideo,fromtheTiangong-Ispacelaboratory,Ms.Wangusedspinningtops（旋转的陀螺）,aballandsomewatertoexplainphysicsinzero-gravity（失重）,withthehelpofafellowastronaut.

Ms.Wanguseddifferentexperimentstodemonstratetheconceptsofweightandmass（重量和质量的概念）inspace.Towardstheendoftheclass,Ms.Wangmadeafilm（薄膜）ofwaterusingametalring.Shethenturnedthefilmofwaterintoawaterballbypouringmorewaterontoit.

Around330primaryandsecondaryschoolstudentswatchedthelecturefromaspecialclassroominBeijing,wheretheycouldalsoaskMs.Wangquestionsthroughlivevideo.Fromtimetotime,thestudentsgreetedherlecturewithwarmapplause（掌声）.

Whenansweringastudent'squestion,Ms.Wangdescribedwhatshecouldseeinspace."Thestarsweseearemuchbrighter,buttheydonottwinkle（闪烁）,"shesaid,"Theskyweseeisn'tblue,butblack.Andeveryday,wecanseethesunrise16timesbecausewecircletheEarthevery90minutes."

About60millionstudentsandteachersaroundChinaalsowatchedthelectureliveonTV.（1）What'sthepurpose（目的）ofthespacelecture?A.

Toexplainphysicsofzero-gravityinspace.B.

Todemonstratetheconceptofweightandmassinspace.C.

Totelluswhatcanbeseeninspace.D.

ToshowthattheEarthisfarawayfromspace.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"demonstrate"inthepassagemostprobablymeaninChinese?A.

区别

B.

强调

C.

传授

D.

演示（3）Towardstheendofthelecture,WangYapingmadeafilmofwatersoasto

.A.

playwithit

B.

useametalringC.

turnitintoawaterball

D.

pourmorewaterontoit（4）About

studentsandteacherswatchedthelecturebothfromaspecialclassroomandonTV.A.

330

B.

60,000,000

C.

6,000,330

D.

60,000,330（5）WhichisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.

WangYapingisChina'ssecondfemaleastronaut.B.

WangYapinggavethelecturefromspaceallbyherself.C.

Thelecturewaswarmlywelcomedbythestudents.D.

Theskyisn'tbluebutblackwhenastronautsseeitinspace.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）C（4）D（5）B【解析】【分析】文章大意：中国的第二位女宇航员王亚平已经在空间上发表了全国第一个视频讲座。数以千万计的学生通过看电视观看精彩的表演。学生对太空和科学产生了很大的兴趣，他们梦想自己成为一个航天员。（1）细节理解题，根据文中的语句Ms.Wangusedspinningtops（旋转的陀螺）,aballandsomewatertoexplainphysicsinzero-gravity（失重）,withthehelpofafellowastronaut.理解可知，太空实验的目的就是来解释零重力下的物理。故选A。（2）词义理解题，根据文中的语句Ms.Wanguseddifferentexperimentstodemonstratetheconceptsofweightandmass（重量和质量的概念）inspace.理解可知女士用不同的实验演示了太空中重量和质量的概念。故选D。（3）细节理解题，根据文中的语句Shethenturnedthefilmofwaterintoawaterballbypouringmorewaterontoit.理解可知，王女士拍电影的目的就是将它变成一个小水珠，故选C。（4）细节理解题，根据文中的语句

Around330primaryandsecondaryschoolstudentswatchedthelecturefromaspecialclassroominBeijing,以及

About60millionstudentsandteachersaroundChinaalsowatchedthelectureliveonTV.理解可知，全国将有60,000,330人观看了这堂讲座，故选D。（5）细节理解题，根据文中的语句

Ms.Wangusedspinningtops（旋转的陀螺）,aballandsomewatertoexplainphysicsinzero-gravity（失重）,withthehelpofafellowastronaut.理解可知，王女士在同伴的帮助下，给全国的观众上了这堂课，而不是她自己，选项B的描述是错误的，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，词义推断题，推理判断题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；词义推断题以及判断题都需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项7．阅读理解

Todaytherearepolicemeneverywhere,butin1700,Londonhadnopolicemenatall.Afewoldmenusedtoprotectthecitystreetsatnightandtheywerenotpaid.

About300yearsago,Londonwasstartingtogetbiggerandmoreandmorepeoplebegantolivethere.Thecitywasverydirtyandmanypeoplewerepoor.Thereweresomanythieveswhostolemoneyinthestreetsthatpeoplestayedintheirhousesasmuchaspossible.

In1749,HenryFieldingstartedtopayagroupofpeopleforstoppingthieves.Theywerelikepolicemenandwerecalled"BowStreetRunners"becausetheyworkednearBowStreet.

Fiftyyearslater,therewereabout120"BowStreetRunners",butLondonhadbecomeverybigandneededmorepolicemen.Soin1829,thefirstMetropolitan（orLondon）PoliceServicewasstartedwithabout3,000officers.Mostofthemenworkedonfoot,butafewrodehorses.Today,Londonpolicearequitewell—paidandforthefewpoliceofficerswhostillridehorses,thepayisevenhigherthanfortheothers.（1）In1700,themenwhoprotectedthestreetsinLondonwerepaid_______.A.

afew

B.

nothing

C.

alittle

D.

alot（2）About300yearsago,manypeople_______.A.

wantedtoleaveLondon

B.

hadbighousesinLondonC.

becamepolicemen

D.

cametoliveinLondon（3）Peopledidn'tleavetheirhousesbecause_______.A.

theyhadnomoney

B.

theywereafraidoflosingmoneyC.

thecitywasnotclean

D.

theylikedhomes（4）The"BowStreetRunners"_______.A.

stoppedpeoplefromstealing

B.

stolemoneyC.

paidpeopleforstealing

D.

stoppedpeopleridinghorses【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要讲述了伦敦警察的发展史，起初伦敦没有警察，但随着越来越多的人来到伦敦居住，小偷变得多了起来。Henry就花钱雇佣一些人来防止小偷，伦敦的警察就产生了。后来警察的数量越来越多了，报酬也越来越高了。（1）细节理解题。根据文中语句butin1700,Londonhadnopolicemenatall.Afewoldmenusedtoprotectthecitystreetsatnightandtheywerenotpaid.可知，在1700年，伦敦根本没有警察，少数的老人来保护城市的街道，而且题目没有报酬。故选B。（2）细节理解题。根据文中语句About300yearsago,Londonwasstartingtogetbiggerandmoreandmorepeoplebegantolivethere.可知，在大约300年前，伦敦变得越来越大，越来越多的人来到伦敦居住。故选D。（3）细节理解题。根据文中语句Thereweresomanythieveswhostolemoneyinthestreetsthatpeoplestayedintheirhomesasmuchaspossible.可知，在300年前，伦敦的街道上有很多的小偷，所以人们都尽可能的呆在自己的家里。故选B。（3）细节理解题。根据文中语句In1750,HenryFieldingstartedtopayagroupofpeopletostopthieves.Theywerelikepolicemenandwerecalled“BowStreetRunners”becausetheyworkednearBowStreet.可知，在1750年，HenryFielding开始付钱请一些人来防止小偷。他们就像今天的警察一样，他们被叫做BowStreetRunners，因为他们在BowStreet这个街道附近工作。故这些人是来防止小偷的。故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。8．阅读理解

Thisisahappyfamily.Therearethreepeopleinit.

Hi!MynameisDaTou.Ihaveabigheadandtwosmallhands.Ihavetwobigeyes.IamwearingayellowT-shirt.Ihavenobrothersorsisters.Myparentslovemeverymuch.

Thisismyfather.Heisalsomygoodfriend.Hehasasmallheadandtwobighands.Hewearsapairofglasses.Heisareporter（记者）,soheknowsalot.Heoftenplaysgameswithme.

Thisismymother.Sheisalittlefat.Sheoftenwearsanapron.Sheisgoodatcooking.Sheworksinashopnearourhouse.Mymotherisakindwoman.（1）WhatdoesDaToulooklike?A.

Hehasasmallhead.

B.

Hehastwobighands.C.

HeiswearingagreenT-shirt.

D.

Hehastwobigeyes.（2）DaTou'smotherisgoodat________________.A.

reading

B.

cooking

C.

writing

D.

playinggames（3）Whatdoestheword"apron"mean（意思）inChinese?A.

头饰

B.

围裙

C.

女性帽子

D.

眼镜（4）WhatisDaTou'sfather?A.

Aworker

B.

Areporter

C.

Aplayer

D.

Ateacher（5）What'sthebesttitle（标题）ofthepassage（文章）?A.

Agoodreporter.

B.

DaTouandhisfriends.

C.

Ahappyboy.

D.

Ahappyfamily.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）B（4）B（5）D【解析】【分析】本文是作者家人介绍和自我介绍。（1）细节题。根据Ihavetwobigeyes，可知大头长了2只大眼睛，故选D。（2）细节题。根据Sheisgoodatcooking，可知大头的妈妈擅长烹饪，故选B。（3）词义猜测题。根据Sheoftenwearsan

apron.Sheisgoodatcooking她经常穿着......。她擅长烹饪，可知，做饭穿的是围裙，故apron是围裙的意思，故选B。（4）细节题。根据

Heisareporter，可知大头的父亲是记者，故选B。（5）主旨题。根据Thisisahappyfamily.Therearethreepeopleinit这是一个幸福的家庭。里面有三个人，可知Ahappyfamily适合做标题，故选D。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。二、中考英语完形填空（含答案详细解析）9．阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选