专题06 名词性从句（知识梳理+高频考点精讲+进阶分级练）（讲义浙江专用）（原卷版及全解全析）

专题06名词性从句目录目录学考要求速览必备知识梳理高频考点精讲主语从句、宾语从句表语从句、同位语从句进阶分级练必备知识梳理 1点二：集合间的基本关系 4考点四：充分条件与必要条件 6考点五：全称量词与存在量词 7实战能力训练 核心知识掌握要求：高考明确要求考生系统掌握名词性从句的四类基本类型及用法——主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句需熟练运用，同位语从句需理解基本规则。核心考点聚焦连接词的辨析与运用，包括that（无意义不充当成分）、what（表“……的”且作成分）、whether/if（表“是否”）及wh-系列连接词（who/why/how等）的区别，同时需掌握句子语序、否定前移、时态呼应等规则，以及名词性从句与定语从句、状语从句的界限划分。例如that在主语从句、表语从句中不可省略，而宾语从句中可省略；what在从句中必作主语、宾语等成分，这是高频考查的易混点。命题形式与考查侧重：考查主要分布在语法填空、短文改错两大题型，写作中也常需运用以提升表达准确性。从命题规律看，宾语从句考查频率最高（10年17考），其次是表语从句、主语从句，同位语从句考查相对较少，但均以连接词选择为核心设问方向。近五年真题显示，what的用法考查最频繁（5年5考），who、how、why等连接词的考查累计达7次，且命题均融入具体语境，要求结合上下文判断从句类型与逻辑关系，而非单纯考查语法结构。语境运用与细节规范：高考强调名词性从句在语境中的实际运用能力，如语法填空中需根据从句成分缺失情况选择连接词（缺主语用what，缺状语用how），短文改错中常涉及that多余、whether与if误用等问题。同时注重固定句型与细节规范，如主语从句常用it作形式主语的句型（Itisobviousthat...）、表语从句的固定结构（Thereasonisthat...），以及宾语从句的时态呼应原则（主句为过去时，从句用相应过去时态，客观真理除外）。这些要求既考查基础语法知识，更侧重考生在语篇中准确运用从句的综合能力。名词性从句是高考英语语法的核心考点之一，它在句子中充当名词的角色，可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四大类。掌握其引导词用法、语序规则及特殊考点，是应对高考语法填空、单项选择和写作题的关键。一、名词性从句的核心规则1.语序要求所有名词性从句均需用陈述语序（主语+谓语），即使从句表达疑问含义，也不能用疑问语序。错误：Doyouknowwhatishisname?正确：Doyouknowwhathisnameis?（你知道他的名字是什么吗？）2.引导词分类连接代词：what,which,who,whom,whose（在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分）；连接副词：when,where,why,how（在从句中充当状语）；从属连词：that,if,whether（在从句中不充当成分，仅起连接作用；if/whether表“是否”，that无实际含义）。二、名词性从句的用法（一）主语从句：在句中充当主语主语从句可位于句首，也可借助“it”作形式主语，将真正主语从句后置（避免句子头重脚轻）。引导词类型用法说明例句that无实际含义，不充当成分，从句语义完整时用。Thathewillcometothepartyiscertain.（他会来参加派对，这是确定的。）Itiscertainthathewillcometotheparty.（形式主语结构，译文同上）what表“……的事物/内容”，在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。Whatshesaidmovedeveryonepresent.（她说的话打动了在场的每个人。）Itisimportanttorememberwhatyourparentstoldyou.（记住父母告诉你的话很重要。）whether表“是否”，从句语义不完整，需明确“是或否”，不可用if（if不能引导句首主语从句）。Whetherwewillgohikingdependsontheweather.（我们是否去徒步取决于天气。）连接副词when/where/why/how表“时间/地点/原因/方式”，在从句中作状语。Whenthemeetingwillstarthasnotbeendecidedyet.（会议什么时候开始还没决定。）Howwecansolvethisproblemisabigchallenge.（我们如何解决这个问题是个大难题。）（二）宾语从句：在句中充当宾语（常跟在动词、介词后）1.动词后的宾语从句：常见动词有say,think,believe,know,wonder,decide等。例句1：Shetoldmethatshewouldstudyabroadnextyear.（她告诉我她明年要出国留学。）（that可省略）例句2：Iwonderif/whetherhewillcallmetonight.（我想知道他今晚是否会给我打电话。）（表“是否”可用if/whether，无区别）例句3：Hedoesn’tknowwhatheshoulddonext.（他不知道接下来该做什么。）（what在从句中作宾语）2.介词后的宾语从句：常见介词有about,of,on,in等，此时不可用if，需用whether；that不可省略。例句1：Wearetalkingaboutwhetherweshouldchangeourplan.（我们正在讨论是否应该改变计划。）（不可用if）例句2：Ihavenoideaofwhatheisdoingnow.（我不知道他现在在做什么。）例句3：Sheisconfidentinthatshecanpasstheexam.（她有信心能通过考试。）（that不可省略）（三）表语从句：在句中充当表语表语从句跟在系动词后（常见系动词：be,look,seem,become,turn等），表语从句的引导词用法与主语从句基本一致，需注意两点：①表“是否”时用whether，不用if；②常用固定句型“thisiswhy…（这就是……的原因）”“thereasonisthat…（原因是……）”。引导词例句thatThefactisthathehasneverbeentoBeijing.（事实是他从未去过北京。）（that不可省略）whetherThequestioniswhetherwecanfinishtheworkontime.（问题是我们能否按时完成工作。）（不用if）whatMydreamiswhatIcanbecomeadoctorinthefuture.（我的梦想是未来能成为一名医生。）连接副词Thisiswherewemetforthefirsttime.（这就是我们第一次见面的地方。）Thereasonwhyhewaslateisthathemissedtheearlybus.（他迟到的原因是没赶上早班车。）（固定句型，reason后表语从句用that，不用because）（四）同位语从句：在名词后作同位语，解释说明该名词的具体内容（常见名词：fact,news,idea,plan,suggestion,truth,doubt等）引导词特点：①常用that引导，that无实际含义，不充当成分，不可省略；②表“是否”时用whether，不用if；③连接副词when/where/why可引导，需结合名词含义选择（如news后可用when/where，doubt后可用whether）。例句：Thenewsthatourteamwonthegamemadeeveryoneexcited.（我们队赢了比赛的消息让所有人都很兴奋。）（that解释news的内容，不可省略）Ihaveadoubtwhetherhewillkeephispromise.（我怀疑他是否会遵守承诺。）（doubt后用whether，表“不确定”）Heputforwardasuggestionthatweshouldholdacharitysale.（他提出了一个建议：我们应该举办一场义卖。）（that解释suggestion的内容）Doyourememberthedaywhenwevisitedthemuseumtogether?（你还记得我们一起参观博物馆的那一天吗？）（when引导同位语从句，解释day的具体时间）三、高频易错点总结1.that与what的区别：that不充当成分，无含义；what充当成分（主语/宾语/表语），表“……的事物”。错误：Hetoldmethatheneeded.（that不充当成分，从句缺宾语）正确：Hetoldmewhatheneeded.（what在从句中作宾语，表“他需要的东西”）2.if与whether的区别：引导宾语从句表“是否”时可互换，但以下情况只能用whether：①引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句；②从句后有ornot；③从句作介词宾语。正确：Whetherhewillcomeornotisunknown.（主语从句，用whether）正确：I’mnotsureif/whetherhewillcome.（宾语从句，可互换）3.reason后表语从句的引导词：reason作主语时，表语从句用that引导，不用because（because引导原因状语从句，不引导表语从句）。错误：Thereasonforhisabsenceisbecausehewasill.正确：Thereasonforhisabsenceisthathewasill.（他缺席的原因是他生病了。）考点精讲讲练1．Thepossibility_____themajorityofthelabourforcewillworkathomeisoftendiscussed.A．which B．as C．that D．what【答案】C【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：大多数劳动力将在家工作的可能性经常被讨论。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明possibility的具体内容，在从句中不做成分，仅起连接作用，应用连接词that。故选C。2．Airpollutionis________mostpeopleindevelopingcountriesareconcernedaboutnowadays,becausetheirheathisbeingthreatened.A．which B．how C．that D．what【答案】D【解析】考查表语从句。句意：空气污染是现在发展中国家大多数人关心的问题，因为他们的健康受到威胁。空处引导名词性从句作表语，表语从句about后缺少宾语，结合“Airpollution”可知，宾语指物，应用连接代词what作引导词。故选D。3．Theheadmastermadeitclear________theschoolwouldnottolerateanyformofcheating.A．what B．whether C．that D．how【答案】C【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：校长明确表示，学校不会容忍任何形式的作弊行为。该句为固定句型“makeit+宾语补足语+宾语从句”，其中“it”是形式宾语，代替后面真正的宾语从句，从句内部主谓宾结构完整，不缺少核心成分，也无需表达疑问或指代意义，因此需用无实义、仅起连接作用的连接词that引导。故选C项。1．________madehimfeelsatisfiedwas________hisstudentswereabletoread,speakandwriteinEnglish.A．That;what B．That;that C．What;what D．What;that2．________surpriseduswasthestudent’sdecisiontodonateallprizemoneytoalocalcharity.A．It B．That C．What D．Which3．Tonydiscoveredasenseofpurpose,________helpingothersgavehislifenewmeaning.A．where B．which C．why D．that4．Thequestionoursmalltownwillhostafamoussinger’sfreeconcertnextmonthhasbeenoneveryone’slips.A．if B．whether C．what D．which5．WhentalkingaboutherEnglishlearningexperience,Marysaid,“Practicingeverydayis__________myteacherhastoldme—it’sthekeytoimprovinglanguageskills.”A．how B．which C．what D．when6．Thereason________heprovidedforhisabsencewas________hehadbeengrapplingwithasuddenillness.A．why;that B．that;because C．which;that D．why;because7．Whenwefightforourgoals,wewillbedevotedto________wearedoingandtrytoimproveourselves.A．Whom B．that C．what D．when8．Knowingyourweaknessliesisoneofthefirstandmostchallengingstepsinlearningtomanageyourself.A．that B．what C．how D．where9．______surprisedeveryonewasthattherunner______asmallrockjustbeforecrossingthefinishline.A．What;trippedover B．That;felldown C．It;gotthrough D．How;walkedinto训练一、单项选择1．Notuntilhehadaccomplishedtheambitiousproject________fullycomprehend________importantteameffortswere.A．didhe;how B．hedid;what C．doeshe;what D．hedoes;how2．_____breaksthelawsmustbepunished.A．Whatever B．Nomatterwhat C．Whoever D．Nomatterwho3．—Tocreatenewthings,weneedbothnewideasandthewishtomakethemreal.—Exactly!______reallymattersisourpowerfuldesiretothinkandcreate—thisiswheretrueinventionbegins.A．That B．Which C．How D．What4．However,_______remainsimportantis_______wehaveanincredibledesiretothinkandcreate,andthat’stherealspiritofinvention.A．which,that B．what,that C．which,whether D．what,if5．______impressedmemostaboutthedocumentarywas______thescientistperseveredthroughcountlessfailurestofinallyachieveherbreakthrough.A．What;where B．It;that C．What;how D．Which;when6．________wasn’tknowntoJimmywas________therobotdogwasjustadjustedtoactasifitlovedhim.A．It;that B．What;what C．What;that D．As;which7．Thefacthasworriedmanyscientists________theearthisbecomingincreasinglywarmertheseyears.A．why B．how C．that D．when8．Thenews______abridgeovertheroadrightinfrontofourschoolwillbebuiltnextyearexcitesusgreatly.A．which B．that C．what D．whether9．However,TuYouyouhadanideaChineseherbsmightholdthesecret.A．that B．which C．what D．whether10．Let’sdiscusstheproblem________wecansavemoretimeandmoney.A．that B．what C．which D．how11．Thereissomedoubt______hewillcome.A．that B．whether C．who D．what12．Wordcame________freesouvenirswouldbegivento________comesfirst.A．that;whomever B．when;whoeverC．that;whoever D．that;nomatterwho13．Wehave________doubt________Chinahaspresentedtotheworldasuccessfulandpowerfulcountry.A．some;that B．no;that C．any;whether D．no;whether14．________hecouldn’tunderstandwas________fewerandfeweryoungpeopleshowedinterestintraditionalfolkart.A．It;that B．It;what C．What;that D．What;it15．Somepeoplesayabilityis_____anyotherpersonalqualitywhenitcomestosuccess.That’s_____Idisagreeabout.Ithinkcharactercountstoo.A．inferiorto;where B．juniorto;what C．superiorto;what D．seniorto;where16．Somepeoplewhoseintentionistomakebigmoneyappreciatebeinggivenanychancetomultiplytheirincome,believingthisis___________theirhappinesslies.A．what B．where C．when D．how17．—Ithinkonlinelearningisjustaseffectiveastraditionalclassroomteaching.—That’s______Idon’tagree.Face-to-faceinteractioniscrucialforrealunderstanding.A．where B．how C．when D．what18．Isthehotelofferedyouajobyoustayedthefirsttimeyouarrivedhere?A．theone;where B．that;where C．where;that D．thatonethat;where19．Itseems________scienceisallaroundus.A．which B．asif C．what D．whether20．ThebiggestreasonwhyhelovesChinais________heenjoysbeingwithChinesepeople.A．what B．why C．because D．that21．—Linda,doyouknowfortheschooltripthisterm?—Yes.WearegoingtotheCapitalMuseum.A．wherewearegoing B．wherewewent C．wherearewegoing D．wheredidwego22．—David,what’sthemeaningof“Apromiseisapromise”?—Ittellsus.A．whatpromisewemustkeep B．whendowemakeapromiseC．whyshouldwemakeapromise D．howimportantkeepingapromiseis23．Couldyoupleasetellme______?Ididn’thearitclearly.A．whatdidPetersay B．whatPetersays C．whatPetersaid D．whatdoesPetersay24．—NextSundayismygrandmother’sbirthday.I’mthinkingabout________.—Goodboy!Andpleasegivemybestwishestoher.A．whatpresentIgaveher B．howIcangiveherasurpriseC．ifIhadapartyforher D．wherewillmyfamilyhaveabigmeal25．—__________designshavewonpraiseforthenewtown?—Mr.Li’s.A．Who B．What C．Which D．Whose26．Itisafact________theancientcitywasonceathrivingcentreoftrade.A．that B．what C．which D．how27．Ihavenoidea________theprojectwillbecompleted.A．that B．what C．when D．whose28．Theveteransharedwithus________hehadwitnessedonthebattlefieldandtheimportantlessons________hadshapedhislifeeversince.A．what,that B．that,what C．what,what D．which,that29．Thealgorithmranks________humanintuitiononceconsideredpricelessbeyondmeasure,yetitalsolearnstoquestionwhetheritsownmetricsstillechotheheartbeatofwhatwetrulyvalue.A．how B．where C．what D．howwhat30．Itremainstobeseen______thenewlyformedcommittee’spolicycanbe______.A．why;initsway B．whether;putintopracticeC．what;sentencedtodeath D．which;leftanimpression31．Thenewcomerwenttothelibrarytheotherdayandsearchedfor________hecouldfindaboutMarkTwain.A．whichever B．whatever C．however D．whoever32．______weunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel.A．What B．Why C．Whether D．How33．Itishoped_____thenewdigitalizedtechnologieswill_____the“rebirth”oftheculturalrelics,andbringthemtomoreplacesworldwide.A．what;estimate B．that;boost C．how;react D．whether;appreciate34．AsianelephantsareamongthemosthighlyprotectedanimalsinChinaand_____drovetheelephantstomaketheirlongtripisstillnotcompletelycertain.A．that B．which C．who D．what35．People____worryaboutfoodaremorelikelytodiet.Thismaybe____theyareworriedabouttheirweight,orabouttheimpactcertainnutrientshaveontheirhealth.A．who;because B．who;why C．which;what D．which;how二、语法填空1阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Thefirstblockbuster(大片)ofChinasetinspace,“TheWanderingEarth,”opensTuesdayduringgrandexpectations36itwillrepresentthedawningofanewerainChinesefilmmaking.“TheWanderingEarth,”37(show)in3-D,takesplaceinadistantfutureinwhichthesunisabouttoexpandintoaredgiantanddevour(吞噬)theEarth.It38(adapt)fromworksbyLiuCixin,thewriter39hasledarenaissanceinsciencefictionhere,40(become)thefirstChinesewinneroftheHugoAwardin2015.Hisnovelsaresplendidand41(deep)researched.Thatmakes42(they)reasonablefantasiesabouthumanity’smeetingwithadangerousuniverse.TheopeningsalsocomeasChinareachedamilestoneinspace:thelandingofaprobeon43farsideofthemooninJanuary.AlthoughdecadesbehindRussiaandtheUnitedStates,Chinahasnowputastronauts44orbitandhasambitiousplanstojoin—orevenlead—anewageofspaceexploration.“Ithinkthereisaveryclose45(connect)betweenChinesecinemaandthenation’sfortunes,”saidShaDan,acuratorattheChinaFilmArchive.2阅读下面短文，根据意思或所给的词，完成空格填空，使短文通顺ItwasgettingdarkwhenIgothome.ItwascoldandI46(wear)acoat.Iwalkeduptothedoorandputmyhandintomypocket47(take)outmykey48Icouldn’tfindit.IsuddenlyrememberedthatI49(leave)itonmydeskintheoffice.Itreallydidn’tmakeanydifference.Iknewmywife50(be)athomeandthechildrenmusthavecomebackfromschoolbynow,soI51(knock)atthedoor.Therewasnoanswer,soIknockedagain.Icontinuedknockingatthedoorforsometime.I52(get)angry.ThenIrememberedsomethingtheofficeboyhadtoldmeatnoon.Hesaidthatmywife53(phone)sayingthatshe54(go)shoppingintheafternoonwiththechildren.Therewasonlyonethingformetodo:Ihadtoclimein55awindow.3阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Duringthe56(twenty)century,thetemperatureoftheearth57(rise)aboutonedegreeFahrenheit.Itisarapidincreasewhencompared58othernaturalchanges.Thereisnodoubt59theearthisbecomingwarmer.Scientistsbelieve60ishumanactivitythathascausedthisglobalwarming.Theincreaseintheearth'stemperatureisduetothe61(burn)offossilfuels.Somebyproductsofthisprocess62(call)“greenhouse”gases,themostimportantoneof63iscarbondioxide.Withoutthe“greenhouseeffect”,theearthwouldbethirty-threedegreeCelsius64(cool)thanitis.So,weneedthosegases.Theproblembeginswhenweaddhugequantitiesofextracarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,causingtheglobaltemperature65(go)up.4阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Throughtravellingyoucanenjoybeautifulviewsand66(broad)yourhorizons.Insummer,you’dbettergetonacruiseinthecityofChongqingwhichwilltakeyoutotheThreeGorges,forthoseJiangyoushipsareusuallytoo67(crowd).NearYunyang,atthesteepedgeofthehills68(stand)thefamousZhangFeiTemple69(surround)bytrees.Becausesmoking70(forbid)inthecabins,youhavetogotothedecktosmoke,71youcanenjoythebeautifulscenery.Youcanseesomefishermen72thedistance.First,youwillgothroughtheQutangGorge,whichnarrowsto350feet.ThenyouwillsailthroughWuGorgeandXilingGorge.However,73impressesyoumostmaybetheDaningRiverinWuShang.Thereisimmense74(mountain)landonbothbanksofYangtzeRiverwithonlysmallareasofflat75(plain).

专题06名词性从句目录目录学考要求速览必备知识梳理高频考点精讲主语从句、宾语从句表语从句、同位语从句进阶分级练必备知识梳理 1点二：集合间的基本关系 4考点四：充分条件与必要条件 6考点五：全称量词与存在量词 7实战能力训练 核心知识掌握要求：高考明确要求考生系统掌握名词性从句的四类基本类型及用法——主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句需熟练运用，同位语从句需理解基本规则。核心考点聚焦连接词的辨析与运用，包括that（无意义不充当成分）、what（表“……的”且作成分）、whether/if（表“是否”）及wh-系列连接词（who/why/how等）的区别，同时需掌握句子语序、否定前移、时态呼应等规则，以及名词性从句与定语从句、状语从句的界限划分。例如that在主语从句、表语从句中不可省略，而宾语从句中可省略；what在从句中必作主语、宾语等成分，这是高频考查的易混点。命题形式与考查侧重：考查主要分布在语法填空、短文改错两大题型，写作中也常需运用以提升表达准确性。从命题规律看，宾语从句考查频率最高（10年17考），其次是表语从句、主语从句，同位语从句考查相对较少，但均以连接词选择为核心设问方向。近五年真题显示，what的用法考查最频繁（5年5考），who、how、why等连接词的考查累计达7次，且命题均融入具体语境，要求结合上下文判断从句类型与逻辑关系，而非单纯考查语法结构。语境运用与细节规范：高考强调名词性从句在语境中的实际运用能力，如语法填空中需根据从句成分缺失情况选择连接词（缺主语用what，缺状语用how），短文改错中常涉及that多余、whether与if误用等问题。同时注重固定句型与细节规范，如主语从句常用it作形式主语的句型（Itisobviousthat...）、表语从句的固定结构（Thereasonisthat...），以及宾语从句的时态呼应原则（主句为过去时，从句用相应过去时态，客观真理除外）。这些要求既考查基础语法知识，更侧重考生在语篇中准确运用从句的综合能力。名词性从句是高考英语语法的核心考点之一，它在句子中充当名词的角色，可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四大类。掌握其引导词用法、语序规则及特殊考点，是应对高考语法填空、单项选择和写作题的关键。一、名词性从句的核心规则1.语序要求所有名词性从句均需用陈述语序（主语+谓语），即使从句表达疑问含义，也不能用疑问语序。错误：Doyouknowwhatishisname?正确：Doyouknowwhathisnameis?（你知道他的名字是什么吗？）2.引导词分类连接代词：what,which,who,whom,whose（在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分）；连接副词：when,where,why,how（在从句中充当状语）；从属连词：that,if,whether（在从句中不充当成分，仅起连接作用；if/whether表“是否”，that无实际含义）。二、名词性从句的用法（一）主语从句：在句中充当主语主语从句可位于句首，也可借助“it”作形式主语，将真正主语从句后置（避免句子头重脚轻）。引导词类型用法说明例句that无实际含义，不充当成分，从句语义完整时用。Thathewillcometothepartyiscertain.（他会来参加派对，这是确定的。）Itiscertainthathewillcometotheparty.（形式主语结构，译文同上）what表“……的事物/内容”，在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。Whatshesaidmovedeveryonepresent.（她说的话打动了在场的每个人。）Itisimportanttorememberwhatyourparentstoldyou.（记住父母告诉你的话很重要。）whether表“是否”，从句语义不完整，需明确“是或否”，不可用if（if不能引导句首主语从句）。Whetherwewillgohikingdependsontheweather.（我们是否去徒步取决于天气。）连接副词when/where/why/how表“时间/地点/原因/方式”，在从句中作状语。Whenthemeetingwillstarthasnotbeendecidedyet.（会议什么时候开始还没决定。）Howwecansolvethisproblemisabigchallenge.（我们如何解决这个问题是个大难题。）（二）宾语从句：在句中充当宾语（常跟在动词、介词后）1.动词后的宾语从句：常见动词有say,think,believe,know,wonder,decide等。例句1：Shetoldmethatshewouldstudyabroadnextyear.（她告诉我她明年要出国留学。）（that可省略）例句2：Iwonderif/whetherhewillcallmetonight.（我想知道他今晚是否会给我打电话。）（表“是否”可用if/whether，无区别）例句3：Hedoesn’tknowwhatheshoulddonext.（他不知道接下来该做什么。）（what在从句中作宾语）2.介词后的宾语从句：常见介词有about,of,on,in等，此时不可用if，需用whether；that不可省略。例句1：Wearetalkingaboutwhetherweshouldchangeourplan.（我们正在讨论是否应该改变计划。）（不可用if）例句2：Ihavenoideaofwhatheisdoingnow.（我不知道他现在在做什么。）例句3：Sheisconfidentinthatshecanpasstheexam.（她有信心能通过考试。）（that不可省略）（三）表语从句：在句中充当表语表语从句跟在系动词后（常见系动词：be,look,seem,become,turn等），表语从句的引导词用法与主语从句基本一致，需注意两点：①表“是否”时用whether，不用if；②常用固定句型“thisiswhy…（这就是……的原因）”“thereasonisthat…（原因是……）”。引导词例句thatThefactisthathehasneverbeentoBeijing.（事实是他从未去过北京。）（that不可省略）whetherThequestioniswhetherwecanfinishtheworkontime.（问题是我们能否按时完成工作。）（不用if）whatMydreamiswhatIcanbecomeadoctorinthefuture.（我的梦想是未来能成为一名医生。）连接副词Thisiswherewemetforthefirsttime.（这就是我们第一次见面的地方。）Thereasonwhyhewaslateisthathemissedtheearlybus.（他迟到的原因是没赶上早班车。）（固定句型，reason后表语从句用that，不用because）（四）同位语从句：在名词后作同位语，解释说明该名词的具体内容（常见名词：fact,news,idea,plan,suggestion,truth,doubt等）引导词特点：①常用that引导，that无实际含义，不充当成分，不可省略；②表“是否”时用whether，不用if；③连接副词when/where/why可引导，需结合名词含义选择（如news后可用when/where，doubt后可用whether）。例句：Thenewsthatourteamwonthegamemadeeveryoneexcited.（我们队赢了比赛的消息让所有人都很兴奋。）（that解释news的内容，不可省略）Ihaveadoubtwhetherhewillkeephispromise.（我怀疑他是否会遵守承诺。）（doubt后用whether，表“不确定”）Heputforwardasuggestionthatweshouldholdacharitysale.（他提出了一个建议：我们应该举办一场义卖。）（that解释suggestion的内容）Doyourememberthedaywhenwevisitedthemuseumtogether?（你还记得我们一起参观博物馆的那一天吗？）（when引导同位语从句，解释day的具体时间）三、高频易错点总结1.that与what的区别：that不充当成分，无含义；what充当成分（主语/宾语/表语），表“……的事物”。错误：Hetoldmethatheneeded.（that不充当成分，从句缺宾语）正确：Hetoldmewhatheneeded.（what在从句中作宾语，表“他需要的东西”）2.if与whether的区别：引导宾语从句表“是否”时可互换，但以下情况只能用whether：①引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句；②从句后有ornot；③从句作介词宾语。正确：Whetherhewillcomeornotisunknown.（主语从句，用whether）正确：I’mnotsureif/whetherhewillcome.（宾语从句，可互换）3.reason后表语从句的引导词：reason作主语时，表语从句用that引导，不用because（because引导原因状语从句，不引导表语从句）。错误：Thereasonforhisabsenceisbecausehewasill.正确：Thereasonforhisabsenceisthathewasill.（他缺席的原因是他生病了。）考点精讲讲练1．Thepossibility_____themajorityofthelabourforcewillworkathomeisoftendiscussed.A．which B．as C．that D．what【答案】C【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：大多数劳动力将在家工作的可能性经常被讨论。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明possibility的具体内容，在从句中不做成分，仅起连接作用，应用连接词that。故选C。2．Airpollutionis________mostpeopleindevelopingcountriesareconcernedaboutnowadays,becausetheirheathisbeingthreatened.A．which B．how C．that D．what【答案】D【解析】考查表语从句。句意：空气污染是现在发展中国家大多数人关心的问题，因为他们的健康受到威胁。空处引导名词性从句作表语，表语从句about后缺少宾语，结合“Airpollution”可知，宾语指物，应用连接代词what作引导词。故选D。3．Theheadmastermadeitclear________theschoolwouldnottolerateanyformofcheating.A．what B．whether C．that D．how【答案】C【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：校长明确表示，学校不会容忍任何形式的作弊行为。该句为固定句型“makeit+宾语补足语+宾语从句”，其中“it”是形式宾语，代替后面真正的宾语从句，从句内部主谓宾结构完整，不缺少核心成分，也无需表达疑问或指代意义，因此需用无实义、仅起连接作用的连接词that引导。故选C项。1．________madehimfeelsatisfiedwas________hisstudentswereabletoread,speakandwriteinEnglish.A．That;what B．That;that C．What;what D．What;that【答案】D【解析】考查主语从句和表语从句。句意：让他感到满意的是他的学生们能够用英语读、说和写。“________madehimfeelsatisfied”是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，应用what引导主语从句，在从句中作主语；“________hisstudentswereabletoread,speakandwriteinEnglish”是表语从句，从句中不缺少成分，且意义完整，应用that引导表语从句。故选D。2．________surpriseduswasthestudent’sdecisiontodonateallprizemoneytoalocalcharity.A．It B．That C．What D．Which【答案】C【解析】考查主语从句。句意：令我们惊讶的是这个学生决定把所有奖金都捐给当地的一家慈善机构。“________surprisedus”是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“令我们惊讶的事情”，应用连接代词what引导从句。故选C项。3．Tonydiscoveredasenseofpurpose,________helpingothersgavehislifenewmeaning.A．where B．which C．why D．that【答案】D【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：托尼发现了一种使命感，即帮助他人给他的生活带来了新的意义。空处引导同位语从句，用来解释说明asneseofpurpose，且从句句意完整不缺少任何成分，应用that引导同位语从句，故选D。4．Thequestionoursmalltownwillhostafamoussinger’sfreeconcertnextmonthhasbeenoneveryone’slips.A．if B．whether C．what D．which【答案】B【解析】考查同位语从句。句意：大家都在谈论我们小镇下个月是否会举办著名歌手的免费演唱会。______oursmalltownwillhostafamoussinger’sfreeconcertnextmonth是同位语从句，从句不缺少任何成分，缺少“是否”之意，应用whether引导，if虽有“是否”之意，但是不能引导同位语从句，故选B。5．WhentalkingaboutherEnglishlearningexperience,Marysaid,“Practicingeverydayis__________myteacherhastoldme—it’sthekeytoimprovinglanguageskills.”A．how B．which C．what D．when【答案】C【解析】考查表语从句。句意：当谈到她的英语学习经历时，玛丽说：“每天练习是我的老师告诉我的——这是提高语言技能的关键。”空处引导表语从句，且在从句中作told的直接宾语，指“告诉的内容”，需用连接代词what。故填C。6．Thereason________heprovidedforhisabsencewas________hehadbeengrapplingwithasuddenillness.A．why;that B．that;because C．which;that D．why;because【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：他提出缺席的理由是他一直在与一场突如其来的疾病作斗争。第一空引导定语从句，代替先行词reason在从句中作provide的宾语，应用关系代词which/that作引导词；第二空引导表语从句，从句成份和意义都完整，应用连接词that作引导词。故选C。7．Whenwefightforourgoals,wewillbedevotedto________wearedoingandtrytoimproveourselves.A．Whom B．that C．what D．when【答案】C【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：当我们为我们的目标而奋斗时，我们会专注于我们正在做的事情并努力提高自己。“________wearedoing”是宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示“……的事情”，应用连接代词what引导从句。故选C项。8．Knowingyourweaknessliesisoneofthefirstandmostchallengingstepsinlearningtomanageyourself.A．that B．what C．how D．where【答案】D【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：知道你的弱点在哪里是学习自我管理的第一步也是最具挑战性的步骤之一。“yourweaknesslies”是宾语从句，表示“你的弱点在哪里”，用连接副词where引导宾语从句，在从句中作地点状语。故选D项。9．______surprisedeveryonewasthattherunner______asmallrockjustbeforecrossingthefinishline.A．What;trippedover B．That;felldown C．It;gotthrough D．How;walkedinto【答案】A【解析】考查名词性从句和动词短语辨析。句意：令每个人惊讶的是，那位赛跑者在即将冲过终点线时被一块小石头绊倒了。分析句子结构并结合语意可知，第一空，“______surprisedeveryone”为主语从句，且从句中缺少主语，表示“所……的事情”，应用连词代词what引导，指代“令人惊讶的事情”，而that在主语从句中不充当成分，只起连接作用；it不能引导主语从句；how在从句中作状语，均不符合语法。第二空，trippedover意为“被……绊倒”，符合“跑步者在冲过终点线前被一块小石头绊倒”的语义。felldown意为“摔倒”，后面不接宾语；gotthrough意为“通过，接通”；walkedinto意为“走进，撞上”，均不符合语意。故选A项。训练一、单项选择1．Notuntilhehadaccomplishedtheambitiousproject________fullycomprehend________importantteameffortswere.A．didhe;how B．hedid;what C．doeshe;what D．hedoes;how2．_____breaksthelawsmustbepunished.A．Whatever B．Nomatterwhat C．Whoever D．Nomatterwho3．—Tocreatenewthings,weneedbothnewideasandthewishtomakethemreal.—Exactly!______reallymattersisourpowerfuldesiretothinkandcreate—thisiswheretrueinventionbegins.A．That B．Which C．How D．What4．However,_______remainsimportantis_______wehaveanincredibledesiretothinkandcreate,andthat’stherealspiritofinvention.A．which,that B．what,that C．which,whether D．what,if5．______impressedmemostaboutthedocumentarywas______thescientistperseveredthroughcountlessfailurestofinallyachieveherbreakthrough.A．What;where B．It;that C．What;how D．Which;when6．________wasn’tknowntoJimmywas________therobotdogwasjustadjustedtoactasifitlovedhim.A．It;that B．What;what C．What;that D．As;which7．Thefacthasworriedmanyscientists________theearthisbecomingincreasinglywarmertheseyears.A．why B．how C．that D．when8．Thenews______abridgeovertheroadrightinfrontofourschoolwillbebuiltnextyearexcitesusgreatly.A．which B．that C．what D．whether9．However,TuYouyouhadanideaChineseherbsmightholdthesecret.A．that B．which C．what D．whether10．Let’sdiscusstheproblem________wecansavemoretimeandmoney.A．that B．what C．which D．how11．Thereissomedoubt______hewillcome.A．that B．whether C．who D．what12．Wordcame________freesouvenirswouldbegivento________comesfirst.A．that;whomever B．when;whoeverC．that;whoever D．that;nomatterwho13．Wehave________doubt________Chinahaspresentedtotheworldasuccessfulandpowerfulcountry.A．some;that B．no;that C．any;whether D．no;whether14．________hecouldn’tunderstandwas________fewerandfeweryoungpeopleshowedinterestintraditionalfolkart.A．It;that B．It;what C．What;that D．What;it15．Somepeoplesayabilityis_____anyotherpersonalqualitywhenitcomestosuccess.That’s_____Idisagreeabout.Ithinkcharactercountstoo.A．inferiorto;where B．juniorto;what C．superiorto;what D．seniorto;where16．Somepeoplewhoseintentionistomakebigmoneyappreciatebeinggivenanychancetomultiplytheirincome,believingthisis___________theirhappinesslies.A．what B．where C．when D．how17．—Ithinkonlinelearningisjustaseffectiveastraditionalclassroomteaching.—That’s______Idon’tagree.Face-to-faceinteractioniscrucialforrealunderstanding.A．where B．how C．when D．what18．Isthehotelofferedyouajobyoustayedthefirsttimeyouarrivedhere?A．theone;where B．that;where C．where;that D．thatonethat;where19．Itseems________scienceisallaroundus.A．which B．asif C．what D．whether20．ThebiggestreasonwhyhelovesChinais________heenjoysbeingwithChinesepeople.A．what B．why