2024-2025年六年高考阅读理解之七选五真题汇编(含答案及解析)

2024-2025年六年高考阅读理解之七选五真题汇编

1【2024全国卷I】

依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Colorisfundamental

inhomedesign-somethingyoulalwayshaveineveryroom.Agraspofhowtomanagecolorinyourspaces

isoneofthefirststepstocreatingroomsyou'lllovetolivein.Doyouwantaroomthat'sfulloflife?

Professional?Orareyoujustlookingforaplacetorelaxafteralongday?36coloristhekeyto

makingaroomfeelthewayyouwantittofeel.

Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthisimportant

point.37theycangetalittlecomplex.Butgoodnewsisthatthere?rereallyonlythreekindsof

decisionsyouneedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome:thesmallones,themediumones,andthelargeones.

38.They'rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofususeto

addvisualinteresttoourrooms.Lesstiringthanpaintingyourwallsandlessexpensivethanbuyingacolorful

sofa,smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificantbenefitofbeingeasilychangeable.

Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofas,dinnertablesorbookshelves.

39.Theyrequireabiggercommitmentthansmallerones,andtheyhaveamorepowerfuleffecton

thefeelingofaspace.

Thelargecolordecisionsinyourroomsconcernthewalls,ceilings,andfloors.Whetheryou'relookingat

wallpaperorpaint,thetime,effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitaresignificant.40.

A.Whileallofthemarcuseful

B.Whateveryou'relookingfbr

C.Ifyou'reexperimentingwithacolor

D.Smallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe'remostfamiliarwith

E.It'snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpieces

F.Soitpaystobesure,becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirstlime

G.Colorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways

212024全国卷II】

依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Ityouarealreadymakingthetimetoexercise,itisgoodindeed!Withsuchbusylives,itcanbehardtotryandfindthe

timetoworkout.36Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.

Yourproductivityisimproved.Exercisingmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufbrthe

day.37

Yourmetabolism（新陈代谢）getsaheadstart.38Ifyouworkoutinthemornings,thenyouwillbegelling（he

calorie（卡路里）burningbenefitsforthewholeday,notinyoursleep.

39Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisesleptbetterthanthosewhoexercisedintheevening.

Exerciseenergizesyou,soitismoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexcited.

40Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelytosticktohealthyfoodchoices

throughouttheday.Whowouldwanttoruintheirgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?Youwillwanttocontinuetofocuson

positivechoices.

Therearealotofbenefitstoworkingout,especiallyinthemornings.Setyouralarmclockanhourearlyandpush

yourselftoworkout!Youwillfeelenergizedalldaylong.

A.Youwillsticktoyourdiet.

B.Yourqualityofsleepimproves.

C.Youpreferhealthyfoodtofastfood.

D.Thereisnoreasonyoushouldexerciseinthemoming.

E.Youcankeepyourheadclearfor4-10hoursafterexercise.

F.Afteryouexercise,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.

G.Ifyouarcplanningtodoexerciseregularly,oryou'redoingitnow,thenlistenup!

3[2024仝国卷III]

依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Beforetherewasthe

writtenword,（herewasthelanguageofdance.Danceexpressesloveandhate,joyandsorrow,lifeanddeath,andeverything

elseinbetween.

36WedancefromFlorida（oAlaska,fromnorthtosouthandseatosea.Wedanceatweddings,birthdays,office

partiesandjusttofillthetime.

“1adoredaiicing,"saysLcsicrBridges,theownerofadancestudioinIowa."Ican'timaginedoinganythingelsewithmy

life,"Bridgesrunsdanceclassesforallages."Teachingdanceiswonderful.37It'sgreattowatchthem.Formany

ofthem,it'sawayofmeetingpeopleandhavingasociallife."

38"1cantellyouaboutoneyoungcouple,'1saysBridges."They'relearningtodotraditionaldances.Theyarriveat

theclassinlowspiritsandtheyleavewithasmile.39"

So,dowedanceinordertomakeourselvesfeelbetter,calmer,healthier?AndreaHilliersays,VkDance,likethepatternof

abeatingheart,islife.Evenafteralltheseyears,1wanttogetbetterancbetter.40Ifindithardtostop!Dancing

remindsmeI'malive."

A.Sowhydowedance?

B.DanceintheU.S.iseverywhere.

C.Ifyoulikedancingoutdoors,cometoAmerica.

D.Myolderstudentssayitmakesthemfeelyoung.

E.IkeeppracticingevenWhenI'mextremelytired.

F.Dancingseemstochangetheirfeelingcompletely.

G.Theystayedupallnightlongsinginganddancing.

4【2024北京卷】

依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WhyDoWeGetAngry?

Angerseemssimplewhenwearefeelingit,butthecausesofangerarevarious.Knowingthesecausescanmakeus

examineourbehavior,andcorrectbadhabits.Themainreasonswegetangryaretriggering（触发）events,personality

traits（特征）,andourassessmentofsituations.5]

Triggeringeventsforangeraresomanythattodescribethemallwouldtakehundredsofpages.Hov/ever.herearesome

examples:beingcutoffintraffic,adeadlineapproaching,experiencingphysicalpain,andmuchmore.52The

reasonwhysomeoneistriggeredbysomethingandothersarenotisoftenduetoone'spersonalhistoryandpsychological

traits.

Eachperson,nomatterwhotheyare,haspsychologicalimbalances.Peoplewhohavepersonalitytraitsthatconnectwith

competitivenessandlowupsettolerancearcmuchmorelikelytogetangry.53Also,sometimespre-angerdocsnot

havetodowithalastingcondition,butratheratemporarystatebeforeatriggeringeventhasoccurred.

54Sometimesevenroutineoccurrencesbecomesourcesofpre-anger,orangeritself.Semetimesignorance

andnegative（消极的）outlooksonsituationscancreateanger.

55However,angercaneasilytumviolent,andi（isbesttoknowthereasonsforangertoappearinorderto

preventitspresence.Withthesemainreasonsinmind,wecanevaluateourlevelofangerthroughoutthedayandpreventcases

ofoutburstsbycomprehendingthereasonsforourfeelings.

A.Ouralliludcandviewpointonsilualionscancrcalcaugurwiiliinusaswell.

B.Butsometypesofsituationscanhelpustogetridoftheoccurrenceofanger.

C.Angerisrarelylookeduponasabeneficialcharactertrait,andisusuallyadvisedtoreduceil.

D.Angerisaparticularlystrongfeelingandmaybepeoplethink（hatiheyhavereasonstofeelangry.

E.Havingthesepersonalitytraitsimpliesthepre-angerstate,whereangerisinthebackgroundofyourmind.

EUnderstandingthesereasonswillcontrolourownangerifwearewillingtoevaluateourselveswithacriticaleye.

GNoteveryoneactsthesameinresponsetoevents,andthatiswhywhattriggersonepersonmayormaynottrigger

another.

5【2024浙江卷】

依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空向处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Movingintoanewhomeinanewneighborhoodisanexcitingexperience.Ofcourse,youwanttomakesurethatyou

becomeanacceptedandvaluablepartofyourneighborhood.Theeasiestwaytoaccomplishthisistomakesureyouconduct

yourselfasagoodneighborshould.3j

Perhapsoneofthemostimportantthingsyoucandoasagoodneighboristokeepyourproperty(房产)neat,clean,andin

goodrepair.32Bychoosingtokeeptheoutsideofthehomeingreatshape,youwillhelptoimprovethelookand

feelofthearea.

Second,taketheoverallappearanceoftheneighborhoodseriously.Whengoingforawalk,takealongasmallgarbage

bag.33Thissmallactwillleiyourneighborsknow(hatyoucareaboutthearea.

34Ifaneighborisgoingtobeoutoftown,offertocollectmailandnewspapers.Ifaneighborsuffersan

illness,offertodothegroceryshopping.Letthemknowthatyouarctheretohelpinanywaythisacceptable,whilestill

respectingtheprivacyofyourneighbor.

35Byfollowingthebasicrulesofrespectingothers,takingcareofwhatbelongstoyou,andtakingpride

in(heappearanceoftheneighborhoodingeneral,youwillquicklybecomeagoodneighborthateveryoneappreciate.

A.Ingeneral,keepaneyeontheirpropertywhiletheyaregone.

B.Agoodneighborisalsoonewholikestohelpoutinsmallways

C.Beingagoodneighborismoreorlessaboutconsideratebehavior.

D.Sometimesneighborsmaygotothesupermarkettogethertodoshopping.

E.Shouldyoucomeacrosswastepaperthrownoutofapassingcar,pickitup.

F.Peopletendtotakeprideinkeepingeverythingintheirstreetfreshandinviting.

GHereareafewtipstohelpyouwinovereveryoneintheneighborhoodquickly.

612024全国卷I】

依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

IfanyonehadtoldmethreeyearsagothatIwouldbespendingmostofmyweekendscamping,I

wouldhavelaughedheartily.Campers,inmyeyes,werepeoplewhoenjoyedinsectbites,ill-cookedmeals,

anduncomfortablesleepingbags.Theyhadnothingincommonwithme.36

Thefriendswhointroducedmetocampingthoughtthatitmeanttobeapionee匚37

Wesleepinatent,cookedoveranopenfire,andwalkedalongdistancetotaketheshower

andusethebathroom.ThisbriefvisitwithMotherNaturecostmetwodaysofffromwork,recoveringfrom

abadcaseofsunburnandthedoctor^billformyson'sfoodpoisoning.

Iwas,nevertheless,talkedintogoingonanotherfun-filledholidayinthewilderness.

38Instead,wehadapop-upcamperwithcomfortablebedsandanairconditioner.My

nature-lovingfriendshadrememberedtobringallthenecessitiesoflife.

39Wehavedonealotofitsince.Recently,weboughtatwenty-eight-foottravel

trailercompletewithabathroomandabuilt-inTVset.Thereisaseparatebedroom,amodernkitchenwitha

refrigerator.Thetrailerevenhasmatchingcai*petandcurtains.

40Itmustbetruethatsoonerorlater,everyonefindshisorherwaybacktonature.I

recommendthatyoufindyourwayinstyle.

A.Thistimetherewasnotent.B.Thingsaregoingtobeimproved.

C.Thetriptheytookmeonwasaroughone.D.Iwastolearnalotaboutcampingsincethen,however.

E.ImustsaythatIhavecertainlycometoenjoycamping.

F.Afterthetrip,myfamilybecamequiteinterestedincamping.

GTherewasnoshadeasthetreeswerenomorethan3feettall.

7【2024全国卷H】

依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Interruptionsareoneoftheworstthingstodealwithwhileyou'retryingtogetworkdone.

36,thereareseveralwaystohandlethings.Let'stakealookatthemnow.

37.Tellthepersonyou'resoiTyandexplainthatyouhaveamillionthingstodoand

thenaskifthetwoofyoucantalkatadifferenttime.

Whenpeopletrytointerruptyou,havesethoursplannedandletthemknowtocomebackduringthat

timeorthatyou'llfindthemthen.38.Itcanhelptoeliminate^肖退）futureinterruptions.

Whenyouneedtotalktosomeone,don'tdoitinyourownoffice.39,it'smucheasier

toexcuseyourselftogetbacktoyourworkthanifyoutrytogetsomeoneoutofyourspaceevenafter

explaininghowbusyyouare.

Ifyouhaveadoortoyouroffice,makegooduseofit.40.Ifsomeoneknocksandit'snot

animportantmatter,excuseyourselfandletthepersonknowyou'rebusysotheycangetthehint（示意）that

whenthedoorisclosed,you'renottobedisturbed.

A.Ifyou'rebusy,don'tfeelbadaboutsayingno

B.Whenyouwanttoavoidinterruptionsatwork

C.Setboundariesforyourselfasyourtimegoes

D.Ifyou'reintheotherperson'sofficeorinapublicarea

E.It'simportantthatyouletthemknowwhenyou'llbeavailable

F.Itmightseemunkindtocutpeopleshirtwhentheyinterruptyou

G.Leaveitopenwhenyou'reavailabletotalkandcloseitwhenyou'renot

812024全国卷HD

依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorning,andputtheblameonthealarmclock.Infact,the

keytoeasymorningwake-upliesinresettingyourbodyclock.36Here'showtomake

one.

•37Inordertomakeachange,youneedtodecidewhyit'simportant.Doyouwantto

getupintimetohavebreakfastwithyourfamily,getinsomeexercise,orjustbebetterpreparedforyour

day?Onceyouareclearaboutyourreason,tellyourfamilyorroommatesaboutthechangeyouwantto

make.

•Rethinkmornings.Nowthatyouknowwhyyouwanttowakeup,considerre-arrangingyour

morningactivities.Ifyouwanttimetohavebreakfastwithyourfamily,savesometimethenightbeforeby

settingoutclothes,shoes,andbags.38That'saquarter-hourmoreyoucouldbesleepingif

youboughtacoffeemakerwithatimer.

•Keepyoursleep/wakescheduleonweekends.Ifyou'retiredoutbyFridaynight,sleepinginon

Saturdaycouldsoundwonderful.Butcompensatingontheweekendsactuallyfeedsintoyoursleepinessthe

followingweek,arecentstudyfound.39

•Keeparecordandevaluateitweekly.Keeptrackofyoureffortsandwritedownhowyoufeel.After

you'vetriedanewmethodforaweek,takealookatyourrecord.40Ifnot,takeanotherlook

atothermethodsyoucouldtry.

A.Getasleepspecialist.

B.Findtherightmotivation.

C.Abetterplanforsleepcanhelp.

D.Andconsidersettingasecondalarm.

E.Ifthestepsyoutakeareworking,keepitup.

F.Sticktoyoursetbedtimeandwake-uptime,nomattertheday.

G.Reconsiderthe15minutesyouspendinlineatthecafetogetcoffee.

9【2024浙江卷】

依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中

有两项为多余选项。

HowtoDoMan-on-thc-StrcctInterviews

Theman-on-the-streetinterviewisaninterviewinwhichareporterhitsthestreetswithacameramanto

interviewpeopleonthesport.31Butwiththesetips,yourfirstman-on-the-streetinterview

experiencecanbeeasy.

•Whenyourbossorprofessorsendsyououttodoman-on-the-streetinterviewsforastory,thinkabout

thetopicanddevelopalistofabouttengeneralquestionsrelatingtoit.Forexample,ifyourtopicisabout

environmentalproblemsinAmerica,youmightask,“Whydoyouthinkenvironmentalprotectionis

importantinAmerica?^^32

•Hitthestreetswithconfidence.33Say,“Excuseme,IworkfbrXYZNews,andI

waswonderingifyoucouldshareyouropinionaboutthistopic."Thisisaquickwaytogetpeopletowarm

uptoyou.

•Moveontothenextpersonifsomeonetellsyousheisnotinterestedintalkingoncamera.Don'tget

discouraged.

•34Eachinterviewthatyougetonthestreetshouldn'tbelongerthantenminutes.As

soonasyougettheansweryouneed,moveontothenextperson.Makesurethatasyougofrominterview

tointerview,youaregettingavarietyofanswers.Ifeveryoneisgivingyouthesameanswer,youwon'tbe

abletouseit.Asafenumberofinterviewstoconductisaboutsixtoten.35

•Ifyournewsstationorschoolrequiresintervieweestosignreleaseformstoappearontheair,don't

leaveworkwithoutthem.

A.Limityourtime.

B.Asyouapproachpeople,bepolite.

C.Ifyoudon'townacamera,youcanbuyone.

D.Fornewreporters,thiscanseemlikeachallengingtask.

E.Togetgoodandusefulresults,askthemthesamequestion.

F.Thalnumberofinterviewsshouldgiveyoualltheanswersyouneed.

G.Withaquestionlikethis,youwillgetmorethana"Yes"or"No"reply.

1（）【2024北京卷】

依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Everyanimalsleeps,butthereasonforthishasremainedfoggy.Whenlabratsarenotallowedtosleep,

theydiewithinamonth.71

Oneideaisthatsleephelpsusstrengthennewmemories.72Weknowthat,whileawake,

freshmemoriesarerecordedbyreinforcing（力口强）connectionsbetweenbraincells,butthememory

processesthattakeplacewhilewesleephavebeenunclear.

Supportisgrowingforatheorythatsleepevolvedsothatconnectionsbetweenneurons（神经元）inthe

braincanbeweakenedovernight,makingroomfbrfreshmemoriestoformthenextday.73

Nowwehavethemostdirectevidenceyetthatheisright.74Thesynapsesinthemice

takenattheendofaperiodofsleepwere18percentsmallerthanthosetakenbeforesleep,showingthatthe

connectionsbetweenneuronsweakenwhilesleeping.

IfTononi'stheoryisright,itwouldexplainwhy,whenwcmissanight's,wcfinditharderthenextday

toconcentrateandlearnnewinfonnation—ourbrainsmayhavesmallerroomfornewexperiences.

Theirresearchalsosuggestshowwemaybuildlastingmemoriesovertimeeventhoughthesynapses

becomethinner.Theteamdiscoveredthatsomesynapsesseemtobeprotectedandstayedthesamesize.

75"Youkeepwhatmatters,vTononisays.

A.Weshouldalsotrytosleepwellthenightbefore.

B.It'sasifthebrainispreservingitsmostimportantmemories.

C.Similarly,whenpeoplegoforafewdayswithoutsleeping,theygetsick.

D.Theprocessestakeplacetostopourbrainsbecomingloadedwithmemories.

F.That'swhystudentsdobetterintestsiftheygetachancetosleepa什erlearning.

F.”Sleepisthepricewepayforlearning,“saysGiulioTononi,whodevelopedtheidea.

G.Tononi'steammeasuredthesizeoftheseconnections,orsynapses,inthebrainsof12mice.

11【2024全国卷I】

依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

Secretcodes（密码）keepmessagesprivateoBanks,companies,andgovernmentagenciesusesecretcodes

indoingbusiness,especiallywheninformationissentbycomputer.

Peoplehaveusedsecretcodesforthousandsofyears.36Codebreakingneverlags（落后）

farbehindcodemaking.Thescienceofcreatingandreadingcodedmessagesiscalledcryptography.

Therearethreemaintypesofcryptography.37Forexample,thefirstlettersof“My

elephanteatstoomanycels“Spelloutthehiddenmessage“Meetme.”

38Youmightrepresenteachletterwithanumber,Forexample,Let'snumberthe

lettersufthealphabul,inorder,from1lu26.Ifwesubstituteanumberforeachleller,ihumessage"Meet

me"wouldread“13520135.”

Acodeusessymbolstoreplacewords,phrases,orsentences.Toreadthemessageofarealcode,you

musthaveacodebook.39Forexample"bridge“mightstandfbr"meet"and"out"might

standfor"me."Themessage“bridgeout“wouldactuallymean4iMeetme."40However,it

isalsohardtokeepacodebooksecretforlong.Socodesmustbechangedfrequently.

A.Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.

B.Inanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers.

C.Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.

D.Aslongastherehavebeencodes,peoplehavetriedtobreakthem.

E.Youcanhideamessagebyhavingthefirstlettersofeachwordspellitout.

F.Withacodebook,youmightwritedownwordsthatwouldstandforotherwords.

GAnotherwaytohideamessageistousesymbolstostandforspecificlettersof

thealphabet.

12【2024全国卷II】

依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Agardenthat'sjustrightfbryou

Haveyouevervisitedagardenthatseemedjustrightforyou,wheretheatmosphereofthegarden

appearedtototalmorethanthesum（总和）ofitsparts?36.Butitdoesn'thappenby

accident.Itstartswithlookinginsideyourselfandunderstandingwhoyouarewithrespecttothenatural

worldandhowyouapproachthegardeningprocess.

•37____________

Somepeoplemaythinkthatagardenisnomorethanplants,flowers,patternsandmassesofcolor.

Othersareconcernedaboutusinggardeningmethodsthatrequirelesswaterandfewerfertilizers（月匕料）.38

.However,therearcanumberofotherreasonsthatmightexplainwhyyouwanttogarden.

Oneofthemcomesfromourearliestyears.

•Recall（回忆）yourchildhoodmemories

Ourmodelofwhatagardenshouldbeoftengoesbacktochildhood.Grandma'srosegardenandDad's

vegetablegardenmightbegoodorbad,butthat'snotwhat'simportant.39-howbeingin

thosegardensmadeusfeel.Ifyou'dliketobuildapowerfulbondwithyourgarden,startbytakingsome

timetorecallthegardensofyouryouth.40Thengooutsideandworkoutaplantotranslate

yourchildhoodmemoriesintoyourgrown-upgarden.Havefun.

A.KnowwhyyougardenB.Findugoodplacefuryourownguden

C.IfsourexperienceofthegardenthatmattersD.It'sdelightfultoseesomanybeautifulflowers

E.Stillothersmaysimplyenjoybeingoutdoorsandclosetoplants

F.Youcanproducethatkindofmagicalqualityinyourowngarden,too

G.Foreachofthosegardens,writerdownthestrongestmemoryyouhave

1312024全国卷III】

依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Everyoneknowsthatfishisgoodforhealth.16Butitseemsthatmanypeopledon't

cookfishathome.Americanseatonlyaboutfifteenpoundsoffishperpersonperyear,butweeattwiceas

muchfishinrestaurantsasathome.Buying,storing,andcookingfishisn'tdifficult.17This

textisabouthowtobuyandcookfishinaneasyway.

18Freshfishshouldsmellsweet:youshouldfeelthatyou'restandingattheocean's

edge.Anyfishyorstrongsmellmeansthefishisn'tfresh.19Whenyouhaveboughtafish

andarrivehome,you'dbetterstorethefishintherefrigeratorifyoudon'tcookitimmediately,butfreshfish

shouldbestoredinyourfridgefbronlyadayortwo.Frozenfishisn'tastastyasthefreshone.

Therearemanycommonmethodsusedtocookfish.20First,

cleanitandseasonitwithyourchoiceofspices.Putthewholefishonaplateandsteamitinasteampotfor

8to10minutesifitweighsaboutonepound.(Alargeronewilltake

moretime.)Then,it'sreadytoserve.

A.Donotbuyit.

R.Theeasiestistosteamit.

C.Thisishowyoucandoit.

D.Itjustrequiresalittleknowledge.

E.Thefishwillgobadwithinhours.

F.Whenbuyingfish,youshouldfirstsmellit.

G.Thefatsinfisharethoughttohelppreventheartdisease.

1412024北京卷】

依据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。

TheScienceofRisk-Seeking

SometimesWedecidethatalittleunnecessarydangerisworthitbecausewhenweweightheriskand

thereward,theriskseemsworthtaking.71Someofusenjoyactivitiesthatwouldsurprise

andscaretherestofus.Why?Expertssayitmayhavetodowithhowourbrainswork.

Thereasonwhyanyofustakeanyrisksatallmighthavetodowithearlyhumans.Risk-takerswere

betterathunting,fighting,orexploring.72AsthequalityofRisk-takingwaspassedfrom

onrationtothenexthumansendedupwithasenseofadventureandatoleranceforrisk.

Sowhyaren'twealljumpingoutofairplanesthen?Well,even200,000yearsago,toomuch

risk-takingcouldgetoneKilled.Afewdaringsurvived,though,alongwithafewstay-in-the-cavetypes.As

aresult,humansdevelopedarangeofcharactertypesthatstillexiststoday.Somaybeyoulovecarracing,or

maybeyouhateit.73

Nomatterwhereyouareontherisk-seekingrange,scientistssaythatyourwillingnesstotakerisks

increasesduringyourteenageyears.74Tohelpyoudothat,yourbrainincreasesyour

hungerfornewexperiences.Newexperiencesoftenmeantakingsomerisks,soyourbrainraisesyour

toleranceforriskaswell.

Meantakingsomerisks,soyourbrainraisersyourtoleranceforriskaswell.

75Fortherisk-seekersapartofthebrainrelatedtopleasurebecomesactive,

whilefortherestofus,apartofthebrainrelatedtofearbecomesactive.

Asexpertscontinuetostudythescienceofrisk-seeking,we'llcontinuetohitthemountains,thewavesor

theshallowendofthepool.

A.Italldependsonyourcharacter.

B.Thosearetherisksyoushouldjumptotake.

C.Beingbetteratthosethingsmeantagreaterchanceofsurvival.

D.Thus,thesewell-equippedpeoplesurvivedbecausetheywerethefittest.

E.Thisiswhenyoustarttomoveawayfromyourfamilyandintothebiggerworld.

F.However,wearenotallusingthesamereferencestandardtoweighrisksandrewards.

G.Newbrainresearchsuggestsourbrainsworkdifferentlywhenwefaceanervoussituation.

15【2024四川卷】

依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Bothmenandwomenarelivinglongerthesedaysinindustrializedcountries.36In

generaltheycanexpecttolivesixorsevenyearsmorethanmen.Onereasonforthisisbiological.

Oneimportantbiologicalfactorthathelpswomenlivelongeristhedifferenceinhormonesbetween

menandwomen.37Betweentheagesofabout12and5（）,womenproducehormonesthat

areinvolvedinfertility（生育实力）.Thesehormonesalsohaveapositiveeffectontheheartandbloodflow.

Infact,womenarelesslikelytohavehighbloodpressureortodiefromheartattacks.

38Theyhelpthebodydefenditselfagainstsomekindsof

infections.Thismeansthatwomengenerallygetsicklessoftenandlessseriouslythan

men.Thecommoncoldisagoodexample:women,onaverage,getfewercoldsthanmen.39

—Scientistsarcstill