2025年法学学科英文面试题库及答案

2025年法学学科英文面试题库及答案

一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分）1.Whichofthefollowingisafundamentalprincipleofcontractlaw?A)GoodfaithB)TortureC)NemodatquodnonhabetD)Staredecisis2.Incriminallaw,whatisthetermforthehighestlevelofcourt?A)MagistrateB)JudgeC)SupremeCourtD)Attorney3.Whatistheprimarypurposeofastatute?A)TocreateacommonlawB)TointerpretcaselawC)ToregulatebehaviorD)Toprovidelegaladvice4.Whichlegaldoctrineholdsthatacourtshouldnotdecidecasesbasedonprecedentsthatareinconsistentwiththecurrentlaw?A)StaredecisisB)AbinitioC)RatiodecidendiD)Subjudice5.Whatisthetermforthelegalprinciplethatpreventsapartyfromenforcingalawthattheythemselvesbenefitedfrom?A)ExturpicausanonorituractionB)UltraviresC)InparidelictoD)Nemoauditurpropriamturpitudinemallegans6.Inpropertylaw,whatisthetermfortherighttouseandbenefitfrompropertyownedbyanother?A)EasementB)LeaseC)LicenseD)Tenancy7.Whatisthetermforthelegalprinciplethatstatesapersoncannotbetriedtwiceforthesameoffense?A)DoublejeopardyB)HabeascorpusC)DueprocessD)Statuteoflimitations8.Intortlaw,whatisthetermfortheintentionalactthatcausesharmtoanotherperson?A)NegligenceB)BatteryC)NegligenceperseD)Falseimprisonment9.Whatisthetermforthelegalprinciplethatallowsacourttorefusetoenforceacontractthatwasmadeunderduress?A)UndueinfluenceB)DuressC)MisrepresentationD)Lackofcapacity10.Whatisthetermforthelegalprinciplethatholdsthatapersonwhoisnotapartytoacontractcannotsueorbesuedonthecontract?A)Third-partydoctrineB)PrivityofcontractC)ConsiderationD)Promissoryestoppel二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分）1.Thelegalprinciplethatstatesapersoncannotbepunishedforanactthatwasnotillegalatthetimeitwascommittedisknownas________.2.Incriminallaw,thetermfortheactofintentionallycausingphysicalharmtoanotherpersonis________.3.Thelegaldoctrinethatholdsthatcourtsshouldfollowprecedentssetbyhighercourtsisknownas________.4.Thetermforthelegalprinciplethatallowsacourttorefusetoenforceacontractthatwasmadeunderfalsepretensesis________.5.Thelegalprinciplethatstatesapersoncannotbetriedtwiceforthesameoffenseisknownas________.6.Inpropertylaw,thetermfortherighttouseandbenefitfrompropertyownedbyanotherisknownas________.7.Thelegalprinciplethatholdsthatacourtshouldnotdecidecasesbasedonprecedentsthatareinconsistentwiththecurrentlawisknownas________.8.Thetermforthelegalprinciplethatpreventsapartyfromenforcingalawthattheythemselvesbenefitedfromis________.9.Intortlaw,thetermfortheintentionalactthatcausesharmtoanotherpersonis________.10.Thelegalprinciplethatallowsacourttorefusetoenforceacontractthatwasmadeunderduressisknownas________.三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分）1.Theterm"staredecisis"meanstostandbythedecision.2.Incriminallaw,theterm"habeascorpus"meanstohavethebody.3.Theterm"consideration"isafundamentalprincipleofcontractlaw.4.Theterm"ultravires"meansbeyondthepowers.5.Theterm"nemoauditurpropriamturpitudinemallegans"meansnoonehearstheirownturpitudealleged.6.Inpropertylaw,theterm"easement"meanstherighttouseandbenefitfrompropertyownedbyanother.7.Theterm"doublejeopardy"meanstobetriedtwiceforthesameoffense.8.Intortlaw,theterm"battery"meanstheintentionalactthatcausesharmtoanotherperson.9.Theterm"duress"meansthelegalprinciplethatallowsacourttorefusetoenforceacontractthatwasmadeunderduress.10.Theterm"privityofcontract"meansthatapersonwhoisnotapartytoacontractcannotsueorbesuedonthecontract.四、简答题（总共4题，每题5分）1.Explaintheconceptof"staredecisis"anditsimportanceinthelegalsystem.2.Describethekeyelementsofacontractundercontractlaw.3.Discusstheconceptof"dueprocess"anditssignificanceinthelegalsystem.4.Explainthedifferencebetween"negligence"and"battery"intortlaw.五、讨论题（总共4题，每题5分）1.Discusstheimportanceof"consideration"incontractlawanditsroleintheformationofavalidcontract.2.Analyzetheconceptof"dueprocess"anditsapplicationinbothcriminalandcivillaw.3.Discussthesignificanceof"staredecisis"inmaintaininglegalconsistencyandpredictability.4.Analyzethedifferencesandsimilaritiesbetween"negligence"and"battery"intortlaw.答案和解析一、单项选择题答案1.A)Goodfaith2.C)SupremeCourt3.C)Toregulatebehavior4.B)Abinitio5.A)Exturpicausanonorituraction6.A)Easement7.A)Doublejeopardy8.B)Battery9.B)Duress10.B)Privityofcontract二、填空题答案1.Nullumcrimen,nullapoenasinelege2.Battery3.Staredecisis4.Misrepresentation5.Doublejeopardy6.Easement7.Abinitio8.Exturpicausanonorituraction9.Battery10.Duress三、判断题答案1.True2.True3.True4.True5.True6.True7.True8.True9.True10.True四、简答题答案1."Staredecisis"isthelegaldoctrinethatholdsthatcourtsshouldfollowprecedentssetbyhighercourts.Itisimportantinthelegalsystembecauseitpromotesconsistency,predictability,andfairnessintheapplicationoflaw.Byfollowingestablishedprecedents,courtsensurethatsimilarcasesaretreatedsimilarly,whichhelpstomaintaintheintegrityandstabilityofthelegalsystem.2.Thekeyelementsofacontractundercontractlawincludeoffer,acceptance,consideration,intenttocreatelegalrelations,andcertaintyofterms.Anofferisaproposaltoenterintoacontract,acceptanceistheagreementtothetermsoftheoffer,considerationissomethingofvalueexchangedbetweentheparties,intenttocreatelegalrelationsmeansthepartiesintendtheagreementtobelegallybinding,andcertaintyoftermsensuresthatthetermsofthecontractareclearandunambiguous.3."Dueprocess"isalegalprinciplethatensuresfairtreatmentthroughthe正常legalprocess,underwhichnopersonisdeniedlife,liberty,orpropertywithoutafairandpublictrial.Itissignificantinthelegalsystembecauseitprotectsindividualrightsandensuresthatthegovernmentactswithintheboundsofthelaw.Dueprocessappliestobothcriminalandcivillaw,ensuringthatindividualsreceivefairtreatmentandarenotsubjectedtoarbitraryactionsbythegovernment.4."Negligence"referstothefailuretoexercisereasonablecare,resultinginharmtoanotherperson.Itinvolvesadutyofcare,breachofthatduty,causation,anddamages."Battery"referstotheintentionalactofcausingphysicalharmtoanotherperson.Itisadirectandintentionalinterferencewithanotherperson'sbodywithouttheirconsent.Thekeydifferencebetweennegligenceandbatteryisthatnegligenceisafailuretoexercisereasonablecare,whilebatteryisanintentionalactofcausingharm.五、讨论题答案1."Consideration"isafundamentalprincipleofcontractlawthatreferstosomethingofvalueexchangedbetweentheparties.Itplaysacrucialroleintheformationofavalidcontractbecauseitdemonstratesthemutualexchangeofpromisesandtheintenttoenterintoalegallybindingagreement.Withoutconsideration,acontractmaybeconsideredgratuitousandnotlegallyenforceable.Considerationensuresthatbothpartieshaveastakeinthecontractandarewillingtofulfilltheirobligations.2."Dueprocess"isalegalprinciplethatensuresfairtreatmentthroughthenormallegalprocess,underwhichnopersonisdeniedlife,liberty,orpropertywithoutafairandpublictrial.Itappliestobothcriminalandcivillaw,ensuringthatindividualsreceivefairtreatmentandarenotsubjectedtoarbitraryactionsbythegovernment.Incriminallaw,dueprocessguaranteestherighttoafairtrial,protectionagainstself-incrimination,andtherighttolegalrepresentation.Incivillaw,dueprocessensuresthatindividualsaregivennoticeoflegalactionsagainstthemandhavetheopportunitytodefendthemselves.3."Staredecisis"isthelegaldoctrinethatholdsthatcourtsshouldfollowprecedentssetbyhighercourts.Itissignificantinmaintaininglegalconsistencyandpredictabilitybecauseitensuresthatsimilarcasesaretreatedsimilarly,promotingfairnessandstabilityintheapplicationoflaw.Byfollowingestablishedprecedents,courtsavoidarbit