2025年全国大学英语CET四级考试试卷及答案

2025年全国大学英语CET四级考试及答案PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayofnolessthan120wordsbutnomorethan180wordsonthefollowingtopic.Topic:Shouldcollegestudentsbeencouragedtostarttheirownbusinessesbeforegraduation?WriteyouressayontheAnswerSheet.【参考范文】Inrecentyears,theideaoflaunchingastart-upwhilestillwearingacampusbadgehasshiftedfromarecklessadventuretoalegitimatecareerpath.Ifirmlybelieveuniversitiesshouldactivelycultivatethisimpulseratherthanmerelytolerateit.First,entrepreneurshipimmersesstudentsinreal-worldproblem-solving,turningabstracttheoriesintotangiblevalue.Asophomorewhonegotiateswithsuppliers,codesaminimum-viableproductandfilestaxesinonesemesterlearnsmoreaboutmarketelasticitythananylecturecouldteach.Second,earlyfailureischeap:dormitoryrentislow,parentalhealthinsuranceisstillactive,andclassmatesformaninexpensivetalentpool.Finally,campusecosystems—incubators,hackathons,alumniangels—compressdecadesofnetworkingintofouryears,givingyoungfoundersanunfairheadstart.Criticsarguethatbusinessventuresdistractfromcoursework,yettheoppositecanbetrue;nothingsharpensagraspofdataanalyticsfasterthanrealizingthateverymiscalculationburnsactualcash.Therefore,insteadofforcingeverystudentdownasingleconveyorbelttowardtraditionalemployment,universitiesshouldembedacceleratorcourses,grantseedfundsandawardacademiccreditforvalidatedlearningextractedfromstart-upexperience.Indoingso,wetransformcampusesfromivorytowersintolaunchpads,sendingforthgraduateswhoarenotonlyemployablebutunafraidtocreatetheveryjobsthefutureeconomywillneed.PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)SectionANewsReportDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachreport,youwillheartwoquestions.Boththereportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.NewsReport1Arecord3.2millionsolarpanelswereinstalledonresidentialrooftopsintheEuropeanUnionlastyear,accordingtodatareleasedbySolarPowerEurope.ThesurgewasdrivenbyrisingelectricitypricesandanewEUregulationthatobligesmemberstatestostreamlinepermittingwithin48hoursforinstallationsunder50kilowatts.Analystssaythetrendcouldcuthouseholdcarbonemissionsby18percentwithinfiveyears.Question1:Whatfactorcontributedmosttotheincreaseinrooftopsolarinstallations?A.AdropinglobalsiliconpricesB.AsimplifiedapprovalprocessC.AnewgovernmentsubsidyschemeD.AtechnologicalbreakthroughinstorageQuestion2:Whatpercentagereductioninhouseholdcarbonemissionsispredicted?A.8%B.18%C.28%D.38%NewsReport2Tokyo’smetropolitangovernmentwillbeginchargingvisitorstotheShibuyadistricta500-yen“crowdingfee”onweekendeveningsstartingthisJuly.Thelevy,collectedviaasmartphoneapp,aimstoreducepedestriancongestionaroundtheiconicscramblecrossing.Revenuewillfundmultilingualsignageandadditionalsanitationstaff.Question3:Howwillthenewfeebecollected?A.ThroughhotelsurchargesB.ViaasmartphoneapplicationC.AtsubwayticketgatesD.Bystreet-sidekiosksQuestion4:Whatwillthemoneybeusedfor?A.BuildingnewpedestrianbridgesB.SubsidizinglocalshopsC.ImprovingsignageandsanitationD.PromotingtourismcampaignsNewsReport3BiologistsatKenya’sMaasaiMaraUniversityhavedecodedthealarmcallsofvervetmonkeys,revealingthattheanimalsusespecificsyllablestowarnaboutdifferentpredators.Ashort“pyow”indicatesaleopard,whilea“hack”signalsaneagle.Thefindingscouldimprovelivestock-protectionstrategiesinnearbyvillages.Question5:Whatdoesa“pyow”callsignify?A.AneagleoverheadB.AsnakeinthegrassC.AleopardnearbyD.AlionapproachingQuestion6:Howmighttheresearchhelplocalcommunities?A.ByincreasingtourismrevenueB.ByreducingpredatorattacksonlivestockC.ByinspiringnewringtonesD.ByattractinginternationalfundingSectionBLongConversationDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Conversation1W:Dr.Patel,yournewpaperclaimsthaturbannoiseaffectsplantgrowth.Howisthatpossiblewithoutears?M:Greatquestion.WemonitoredthreeparksinManchesterover18months.Sitesexposedtochronictrafficnoisehad25percentfewerpollinatorvisits.Fewervisitsmeantreducedseedset,stuntingthenextgeneration.W:Sotheplantsaren’t“hearing”;theirpollinatorsarescaredaway?M:Exactly.Beesdetectfloralelectricfields,andnoiseinterferes.It’slikestaticonaphoneline.W:Couldartificialflowerscompensate?M:Wetried.Theyattractedbeesinitially,butwithoutnectar,theinsectslearnedtoavoidthemwithin48hours.W:Anypracticalfix?M:Livingwallsmadeofivydoubleassoundinsulationandrestorequietpatches.Cityplannerslovethedualbenefit.Question7:Whatwastheprimaryfindingofthestudy?A.Noisechangessoilchemistry.B.Noisereducespollinatoractivity.C.Noiseacceleratesphotosynthesis.D.Noiseincreasespestpopulations.Question8:Howdobeesnormallylocateflowers?A.BysensingelectricfieldsB.ByfollowingultraviolettrailsC.BydetectingtemperaturegradientsD.ByrecognizingcolorpatternsQuestion9:Whydidartificialflowersfail?A.Theywerethewrongcolor.B.Theylackednectarrewards.C.Theyweretoofarapart.D.Theyoverheatedinsunlight.Question10:WhatsolutiondoesDr.Patelrecommend?A.BanningtrafficfromparksB.Plantingivy-coveredlivingwallsC.RelocatingbeehivesindoorsD.BroadcastingwhitenoiseConversation2M:Ijustbookeda“workation”inBali—twoweeksofsurfingbetweenZoomcalls.MybossinsistsItakemyannualleave,butprojectswon’twait.W:Becareful.Indonesiantaxlawtreatsanyworkperformedlocallyastaxable.Evenasingleemailsentfromabeachvillacouldtechnicallytriggerliability.M:Seriously?Ithoughtthetouristvisacoversremotework.W:Itcoversleisure,noteconomicactivity.Anewregulationenactedlastmonthclarifiesthat.Severaldigitalnomadsreceivedfinesattheairport.M:Sohowdolegitremoteworkersstaycompliant?W:Theyapplyfora“B211A”businessvisa,securealocaltaxnumber,andlimitstaysto60days.Alternatively,countrieslikeGeorgiaorCroatiaofferspecial“digitalnomadvisas”withzerolocaltaxforuptoayear.M:Georgiainwinter?Notmydreamsurfspot.W:ThenschedulepurevacationinBaliandsavethespreadsheetsforyourhomeoffice.Question11:Whatriskdoesthemanface?A.DeportationandataxpenaltyB.ConfiscationofhislaptopC.AsurfingaccidentD.LosinghisannualleaveQuestion12:Whatdoesthewomansayabouttouristvisas?A.Theypermitlimitedremotework.B.Theyforbidanyeconomicactivity.C.Theycanbeextendedonline.D.Theycostlessthanbusinessvisas.Question13:Whichcountryoffersatax-freedigitalnomadvisa?A.IndonesiaB.GeorgiaC.ThailandD.MalaysiaQuestion14:Whatcompromisedoesthewomansuggest?A.WorkfromhomeandvacationinBaliB.PayIndonesianincometaxretroactivelyC.ShortenthetriptothreedaysD.HidethelaptopincheckedluggageSectionCPassageDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwopassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreequestions.Passage1Thehumbleelevatortransformedcitiesoncebefore;nowit’spoisedtodoitagain.Thyssenkrupphasdevelopedacable-freesystemcalledMULTIthatusesmagneticlevitationtomovecabinshorizontallyaswellasvertically.Byeliminatingthe160-year-oldropeconstraint,architectscanbuildtaller,narrowertowersonsmallfootprints.Asingleshaftcanhostmultiplecabinsthatlooplikesubwaytrains,cuttingwaittimesby50percent.Fieldtrialsbeginin2026ona246-metertesttowerinRottweil,Germany.Ifsuccessful,MULTIcouldunlocktheredevelopmentofagingcitycoreswherelandisscarcebutverticalspaceabundant.Question15:WhatinnovationdoesMULTIintroduce?A.Solar-poweredcabinsB.HorizontalmovementcapabilityC.Voice-activatedfloorsD.BiometricsecuritydoorsQuestion16:Howmuchcouldpassengerwaittimesbereduced?A.15%B.30%C.50%D.70%Question17:Wherewillthefirstfull-scaletestsoccur?A.DubaiB.RottweilC.TokyoD.TorontoPassage2Forcenturies,theArctic’s“thirdice”—glazethatformsontopofsnow—wasdismissedasmeteorologicaltrivia.NewresearchfromtheAlfredWegenerInstituterevealsthisthinlayercontrolswhetherreindeercanreachlichen,theirwinterlifeline.Whenrainfallsonexistingsnowandrefreezes,itcreatesanimpenetrablecrust.Reindeerexpendtwiceasmuchenergypawingthroughit,leadingtoweightlossandlowercalfsurvival.Satellitedatashowthird-iceeventshavetripledsince2000.Indigenousherdersnowuseshort-rangeweatherforecaststomoveherdstowind-sweptridgeswheresnowstayssofter,agrassrootsadaptationcopiedbyScandinavianmilitariesforwintertrainingroutes.Question18:Whatis“thirdice”?A.AlayerofglazeatopsnowB.IcebergscalvedfromglaciersC.Seaicelessthan30cmthickD.ArtificialicefortouristattractionsQuestion19:Howdoesthirdiceaffectreindeer?A.Ithidespredators.B.Itblocksaccesstofood.C.Itimprovesfurinsulation.D.Itincreaseshooftraction.Question20:Howhaveherdersrespondedtotheincreaseinthirdice?A.ByfeedingreindeersoypelletsB.ByrelocatingherdstowindyridgesC.BysellinganimalstozoosD.ByinsulatingbarnswithstrawPartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionASelected-WordClozeDirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Eachchoiceisidentifiedbyaletter.Youmaynotuseanylettermorethanonce.Theworld’sfirst“forestcity”isunderconstructioninLiuzhou,China.DesignedbyStefanoBoeriArchitetti,the175-hectaredevelopmentwillhouse30,000residentsintowerswrappedwith40,000treesandonemillionplants.Thegreeneryisexpectedto__21__10,000tonsofCO₂annuallywhileproducingapproximately900tonsofoxygen.Farfrombeingmeredecoration,thevegetationformsalivingskinthat__22__solargaininsummerandtrapswarmthinwinter,cuttingenergyusebyupto30percent.Automateddroneswill__23__thehealthofeachspecimen,transmittingdatatoacentralplatformthatadjustsirrigationandnutrientsupplyinrealtime.Farmland__24__byurbansprawlwillbepartiallyreplacedbyverticalagronomiclayersintegratedintobalconies,yieldingvegetablesforlocal__25__.To__26__biodiversity,corridorsofnativeshrubswillconnectparks,riverbanksandrooftopgardens,allowingbirdsandpollinatorstomovefreelyacrossthe__27__.Criticsquestionwhethertheschememerely__28__thesymptomsofsmogratherthantacklingrootcausessuchascoaldependency.Proponentsreplythatthecityactsasalivinglaboratory,__29__replicablemodulesthatcanbe__30__toanylatitudeorurbandensity.WordBankA)absorbB)monitorsC)alleviateD)consumedE)consumptionF)enhanceG)fabricateH)metropolitanI)adaptedJ)generateK)insulatedL)reclaimM)shrinkN)sophisticatedO)urbanizedAnswers:21A22K23B24D25E26F27H28C29N30ISectionBLong-ReadingPassagesDirections:Therearetwopassagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbyfivequestions.Choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoices.Passage1PlasticbricksthatclicktogetherlikeLEGOcouldturndisasterzonesintobuildingsites—literally.ThebrainchildofKenyanengineerNzambiMatee,thebricksaremanufacturedfrompost-consumerpolypropyleneandpolyethylenethatlitterNairobi’sstreets.Mixedwithsandandheatedat350°C,themoltenslurryiscompressedintoblockstwiceasstrongasconcreteyet40percentlighter.Aschoolclassroomerectedinthreedaysusing2,000brickssequesters1.8tonnesofwasteandcostsone-fifthofaconventionalstructure.TheinnovationhasearnedMateeAfrica’stopenvironmentalprize,butscalingposeshurdles:inconsistentwastestreamscomplicatequalitycontrol,andbureaucraticapprovalfor“non-standard”materialsdragson.Still,NGOshaveordered15,000bricksforrefugeecamps,bettingthatspeedandcircularityoutweighpaperwork.Question31:WhatdistinguishesMatee’sbricksfromconventionalconcreteblocks?A.Theyarebiodegradable.B.Theyarestrongerandlighter.C.Theyrepelwatercompletely.D.Theycanbe3-Dprinted.Question32:Howmuchplasticwastedoesoneclassroomrecycle?A.0.8tonnesB.1.8tonnesC.2.8tonnesD.3.8tonnesQuestion33:Whatmainobstacleimpedeslarge-scaleadoption?A.LackofsandreservesB.HighenergycostsC.RegulatorydelaysD.Skilled-laborshortagesQuestion34:Whoaretheprimaryearlyadopters?A.LuxuryhotelchainsB.PrivatehomeownersC.HumanitarianorganizationsD.MunicipalgovernmentsQuestion35:Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor’sattitude?A.SkepticalB.NeutralC.OptimisticD.IndignantPassage2Quantumcomputingpromisestorevolutionizedrugdiscoverybysimulatingmolecularinteractionsintractableforclassicalmachines.Yettoday’ssuperconductingqubitsoperateat15millikelvin—colderthanouterspace—requiringdilutionrefrigeratorsthesizeofagardenshedandcostingmorethanaManhattanapartment.AfledglingAustralianstart-up,Q-CTRL,isbettingthaterror-corrected“softwarequbits”canbypassthecryogenicbarrier.Byshapingmicrowavepulsestocounteractdecoherence,thefirmhasextendedqubitlifetimebyafactoroftenusingroom-temperaturediamonddefectscallednitrogen-vacancycenters.EarlypartnersincludeRoche,whichseekstomodelAlzheimer’splaques,andMerck,whichneedscatalystsforgreenammonia.Skepticswarnthatsoftwarealonecannotdeliverexponentialspeed-ups;hardwarebreakthroughsremainessential.Q-CTRLcountersthathybridalgorithms—partclassical,partquantum—canalreadyacceleratecertainoptimizationloops20-fold,shavingmonthsoffdevelopmenttimelinesandsavingmillionsinwet-labexpenses.Question36:Whatlimitswidespreaddeploymentofcurrentquantumcomputers?A.ExcessiveheatgenerationB.ExtremecoolingrequirementsC.ShortageofmicrowaveengineersD.Cyber-securityvulnerabilitiesQuestion37:WhatmaterialdoesQ-CTRLuseforroom-temperaturequbits?A.SuperconductingniobiumB.GalliumarsenideC.Nitrogen-vacancydiamondD.TopologicalgrapheneQuestion38:WhichpharmaceuticalfirmisinterestedinAlzheimer’sresearch?A.PfizerB.RocheC.MerckD.NovartisQuestion39:HowmuchfasterareQ-CTRL’shybridalgorithmsforsometasks?A.2-foldB.10-foldC.20-foldD.100-foldQuestion40:Whatisthemainargumentofskeptics?A.Softwarefixescannotreplacehardwareadvances.B.Drugcompanieslackquantumliteracy.C.Room-temperaturequbitsareahoax.D.Microwavepulsesincreasecancerrisk.SectionCIn-DepthReadingDirections:Readthepassagecarefullyandanswerthequestionsthatfollow.TherewildingofabandonedfarmlandacrosssouthernEuropehassparkedanunexpectedculturalrevival:transhumance,theseasonalmigrationoflivestockalongancientdrovers’roads.InSpain’sExtremaduraregion,200kilometersofgrassyvergesknownascañadashavebeenclearedofinvasiveeucalyptusandreplantedwithnativegrasses.Shepherdswhooncetruckedanimalstohighlandpasturesnowwalk1,200merinosheepthroughsleepingsuburbs,bellsclangingatdawn.Socialmediaturnsthetrekintopop-uptheater:urbanitesvolunteerasdrovers,Airbnblists“transhumanceexperiences,”andlocalschoolssuspendclassessochildrencanwitnesstheovineparade.Ecologistsapplaudthelow-carbontransportandnaturalfertilization,whilegastronomesprizethearomaticmilkproducedfromdiversifiedforage.Yettensionssimmer.Motoristsfumeattemporaryroadclosures,andwolfreintroduction—celebratedbyconservationists—hasdoubledpredationlosses.Tobridgethedivide,regionalgovernmentssubsidizeportableelectricfencesandcompensateherders€400perverifiedwolfkill,financedbyasmalllevyonorganicyogurt.Thescheme’ssuccesshingesonwhetherconsumerswillpayanextrafivecentspercartontokeepbothwolvesandtraditionalive.Question41:Whatdoestheterm“transhumance”referto?A.PermanentconversionofpasturetocroplandB.SeasonallivestockmigrationC.ExportofwooltoglobalmarketsD.IrrigationofancientcanalsQuestion42:Whichinvasivespecieswasremovedfromcañadas?A.AcaciaB.EucalyptusC.KudzuD.TamariskQuestion43:Howdocityresidentsparticipateintranshumance?A.ByinvestinginwoolfuturesB.ByvolunteeringasdroversC.BypurchasinggrazinglandD.BylobbyingagainstwolfreintroductionQuestion44:Whatmeasureoffsetseconomiclossesfromwolves?A.SellingsheeptozoosB.Raisingmeatprices30%C.CompensationfundedbyyogurtlevyD.BanningnightgrazingQuestion45:Whatultimatelydeterminesthesustainabilityoftheprogram?A.EUagriculturalsubsidiesB.ConsumerwillingnesstopayslightlymoreC.WeatherpatternsinExtremaduraD.GlobalwooldemandPartIVTranslation(30minutes)Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassagefromChineseintoEnglish.随着数字平台的扩张，零工经济在中国城镇迅速崛起，为超过两亿人提供了灵活就业机会。外卖骑手、网约车司机、直播主播等新职业打破了传统朝九晚五的束缚，使劳动力市场呈现出前所未有的流动性。然而，这种灵活性也暴露出社会保障的缺口：大多数平台工作者无法享受工伤保险、带薪病假或企业养老金。近年来，多地政府试点“职业伤害保障计划”，由平台按单缴费，为骑手等群体提供医疗与伤残补偿。同时，全国总工会推动建立“灵活就业人员union代表制度”，通过集体协商确定最低报酬标准和算法透明度要求。专家指出，只有将算法治理纳入劳动法治框架，才能让技术红利真正惠及每一个劳动者，而非沦为资本垄断数据的新工具。【参考译文】TheproliferationofdigitalplatformshasfueledtherapidriseofthegigeconomyinChina’scitiesandtowns,offeringflexibleemploymenttomorethantwohundredmillionpeople.Newoccupationssuchasfood-deliverycouriers,ride-hailingdriversandlive-streaminghostshaveshatteredthetraditionalnine-to-fivemold,givingthelabormarketafluidi