2025年英语四级阅读理解主旨题专项训练试卷

2025年英语四级阅读理解主旨题专项训练试卷考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______PartVReadingComprehensionDirections:Thereare2passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneTheriseofthedigitaleconomyhasprofoundlyreshapedthetraditionaljobmarket,creatingbothunprecedentedopportunitiesandsignificantchallengesfortheglobalworkforce.Ononehand,thedigitalagehasbirthedentirelynewindustriesandjobrolesthatwereunimaginableafewdecadesago.Fieldslikeartificialintelligence,datascience,anddigitalmarketingnowemployhundredsofthousandsofprofessionals,drivinginnovationandeconomicgrowth.Theflexibilityofferedbyremotework,facilitatedbydigitaltools,hasalsoallowedmanyindividualstobreakfreefromgeographicalconstraintsandengageintheglobaljobmarket,providinggreaterwork-lifebalanceforsome.Ontheotherhand,therapidadvancementoftechnologyisleadingtotheautomationofnumerousjobspreviouslyperformedbyhumans.Routinetasksinmanufacturing,administrativesupport,andevencertainareasoffinanceareincreasinglybeinghandledbymachinesandalgorithms,leadingtoconcernsaboutjobdisplacement.Whilenewjobsarecreated,theskillsrequiredforthesepositionsoftendiffervastlyfromthoseneededintraditionalindustries,leavingmanyworkersunabletotransitionwithoutsignificantretraining.Thisskillsgaprepresentsamajorbarriertoequitableparticipationinthedigitaleconomy.Furthermore,theriseofgigeconomiesandplatform-basedworkhasintroducedinstability,withmanyworkersfacinguncertainincomesandlimitedbenefitscomparedtotraditionalemployment.Societiesaregrapplingwithhowtomanagethistransition.Governmentsandeducationalinstitutionsareunderpressuretoreformcurriculaandvocationaltrainingprogramstoequiptheworkforcewithrelevantdigitalskills.Initiativespromotinglifelonglearningandreskillingarebecomingcrucial.Additionally,thereisagrowingneedforpoliciesthatensurethebenefitsofthedigitaleconomyaresharedmoreequitably,suchassocialsafetynetsfordisplacedworkersandregulationsthatpromotefairtreatmentinthegigeconomy.Ultimately,harnessingthepotentialofthedigitalagewhilemitigatingitsrisksrequiresaconcertedeffortfrombusinesses,educationalsystems,andgovernmentstoadaptandsupporttheevolvingnatureofwork.Questions:1.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeofthebenefitsbroughtaboutbythedigitaleconomy?3.Whatchallengesdoestheadvancementoftechnologyposetothecurrentjobmarket?4.Whatsolutionsaresuggestedinthepassageforaddressingtheissuesraised?5.Theword"profoundly"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:PassageTwoUrbanizationisoneofthedefiningtrendsofthe21stcentury,withmillionsofpeoplemigratingtocitiesinsearchofbetteropportunities,education,andservices.Whilecitiesofferaconcentrationofeconomicactivities,culturalamenities,andsocialinteractions,theyalsopresentuniqueenvironmentalandsocialchallenges.Thesheerconcentrationofpeopleinlimitedspacesleadstosignificantpressureoninfrastructure,includinghousing,transportation,andsanitation.Trafficcongestion,airandnoisepollution,andinadequatepublicservicesarecommonproblemsinrapidlygrowingurbancentres.Equallypressingarethesocialissuesthataccompanyurbanization.Theincreasinggapbetweentherichandthepoor,oftenmanifestingasstarkcontrastsbetweenaffluentneighbourhoodsandimpoverishedslums,createssocialtensions.Accesstoqualityeducation,healthcare,andgreenspacesisoftenunevenlydistributed,exacerbatinginequalities.Moreover,thefast-pacedurbanlifestylecanleadtosocialisolationandasenseofrootlessnessamongresidents,particularlythosewhohavemigratedfromruralareas.Thelossoftraditionalcommunitystructuresinfavourofanonymousurbanlivingcannegativelyimpactmentalwell-being.However,urbanizationalsodrivesinnovationandofferssolutions.Thedensityofcitiesfacilitatestheexchangeofideas,fosteringtechnologicalandculturaladvancements.Urbancentresareoftenthehubsforentrepreneurshipandjobcreation.Furthermore,citieshavethepotentialtobecomemodelsforsustainablelivingifproperlymanaged.Investmentsinpublictransportation,renewableenergysources,greenbuildingpractices,andsmartcitytechnologiescanmitigatemanyofthenegativeenvironmentalimpactsofurbanization.Effectiveurbanplanning,whichprioritizesaffordablehousing,accessiblepublicservices,andgreenspaces,iscrucialforensuringthatcitiesremainvibrant,inclusive,andsustainableplacesfortheirinhabitants.Collaborationbetweengovernments,businesses,andcitizensisessentialtoshapethefutureofurbandevelopment.Questions:6.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscussabouturbanization?7.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeoftheenvironmentalproblemsassociatedwithurbanization?8.Whatsocialissuesarehighlightedaschallengesinurbansettings?9.Whatpotentialbenefitsdoesthepassagesuggestthatcitiescanoffer?10.Theword"exacerbating"intheseventhparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:试卷答案1.B解析思路：文章首段提出数字经济的双重影响，第二段具体阐述其带来的好处和挑战，第三段讨论社会如何应对这一转变。文章结构清晰，旨在全面分析数字经济对就业市场的影响，故主旨是数字经济对就业市场的双重影响及其应对。选项B（Theimpactofthedigitaleconomyonthejobmarketandthechallengesitpresents）最能概括全文内容。2.A解析思路：根据文章首段第二句，数字经济的兴起创造了新的行业和职位，如人工智能、数据科学和数字营销。这些是数字经济发展带来的直接好处。选项A（Thecreationofnewindustriesandjobroles）与原文信息一致。3.C解析思路：文章第二段明确指出，技术进步导致许多以前由人类完成的常规工作被机器和算法自动化，这导致了工作岗位的流失。此外，新工作需要的技能与传统行业差异很大，许多工人无法过渡。因此，技术进步带来的主要挑战是工作自动化导致的岗位流失和技能差距。选项C（Automationofjobsandtheskillsgap）最能概括这些挑战。4.D解析思路：文章第三段提出了应对这些问题的方法。包括改革教育和职业培训项目以提供相关数字技能（政府和教育机构改革），推广终身学习和再培训计划（个人和培训机构努力），以及制定政策确保更公平地分享数字经济的好处，如为失业工人提供社会安全网和规范零工经济（政府政策支持）。选项D（Reformofeducationandtraining,promotinglifelonglearning,andimplementingsupportivepolicies）综合了这些解决方案。5.B解析思路：“Profoundly”意为“深刻地，根本地”。根据上下文，数字经济对传统就业市场产生了根本性的变化。选项B（Deeply）在语义上与“profoundly”最为接近。6.A解析思路：文章首段指出城市化是21世纪的主要趋势，人们移居城市寻求机会、教育和服务。第二段讨论了城市化带来的环境和社会问题。第三段则谈到了城市化的潜在好处和解决方案。文章旨在全面探讨城市化及其相关的挑战和机遇，故主旨是城