陕西省咸阳市武功县2025-2026学年高三上学期11月期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1陕西省咸阳市武功县2025-2026学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFun&Low-CostActivitiesinLondonVisitingLondononatightbudget?Don’tworryYoucanstillenjoyafantasticexperienceinthecitywithoutspendingmuchmoney.Herearesomeamazingandaffordableactivities.TimeTravelatLunch,fromaround,£5Forauniquelunchbreak,stepintohistoryatPaulRothe&Son.Thisshop,openedin1900andstillrunbythesamefamily,makesawidevarietyofsandwichesandlightlunches.Everythingismadetoorderwithfriendlyservice,offeringaspecialmiddaymealanydayexceptSunday.ExploreMuseumsAfterDark,forFREE!London’smuseumsofferspecialeveningevents.SomemuseumsinSouthKensington,liketheScienceMuseumandtheVictoria&AlbertMuseum(V&A),hostmonthlyafter-darkopenings.YoucanenjoyactivitiesinspiredbytheirexhibitionsorevendancetoDJsets.Generaladmissionisfree,thoughtheScienceMuseumoffersaVIPexperiencefor£12.EnjoyEnglishFolkSongs,£4-£5OnTuesdayevenings,headtoCecilSharpHouse,hometotheUK’sfirstfolkartscentreandrunbytheEnglishFolkDanceandSongSociety.ItsSharp’sFolkClubhostsopenfolksongnightswhereyoucanlistentotraditionalsongs.Ifyou’refeelingbraveandsignuptoperform,yougeta£1discountonentry.VisitaHistoricWindmill,£5DiscoverahiddensecretinBrixton:afullyworking,200-year-oldwindmilllocatedinaquietgardennearBrockwellPark.It’snormallyclosedbutopensforoneweekendeachmonth.Youcanbookatourtoclimbitsnarrowstaircaseandlearnitssurprisinghistory.Besuretobuyabagoffreshlygroundflourbeforeyouleave!1.WhatisspecialaboutPaulRothe&Son?A.FreeSundaylunch. B.Family-runsince1900.C.NearBrockwellPark. D.Freemuseumtickets.2.WhatcanvisitorsdoattheScienceMuseum’safter-darkevents?A.Makesandwiches. B.Climbnarrowstaircase.C.Enjoymusicactivities. D.Getfreedrinks.3.HowcanvisitorssavemoneyatCecilSharpHouse?A.Performattheevent. B.Buyticketsonline.C.Visitonweekdays. D.GetVIPexperience.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍伦敦4种有趣且低成本的活动，包括历史店铺午餐、博物馆夜场、民谣欣赏和古风车参观，满足预算有限游客的游玩需求。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据TimeTravelatLunch,fromaround,£5部分中的“Thisshop,openedin1900andstillrunbythesamefamily,makesawidevarietyofsandwichesandlightlunches.(这家商店于1900年开业，至今仍由同一家族经营，供应各种各样的三明治和轻便午餐。)”可知，PaulRothe&Son的特别之处在于自1900年起就由同一家族经营。故选B项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据ExploreMuseumsAfterDark,forFREE!部分中的“YoucanenjoyactivitiesinspiredbytheirexhibitionsorevendancetoDJsets.(你可以享受受展览启发的活动，甚至可以跟着DJ的音乐跳舞。)”可知，游客在科学博物馆的夜场活动中可以参与音乐相关活动。故选C项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据EnjoyEnglishFolkSongs,£4-£5部分中的“Ifyou’refeelingbraveandsignuptoperform,yougeta£1discountonentry.(如果你足够勇敢并报名表演，入场费可以优惠1英镑。)”可知，游客通过在活动中表演的方式可以省钱。故选A项。BEvennow,Ihavevividmemoriesofmylastdayofhighschool.Inmymind’seye,I’mcleaningoutmylocker,andthenstaringattheemptinessforafewextrabeatsbeforeslammeditshutforthelasttime.I’mwanderinginthehallswithmybestfriend,blissfullyignoringthebellsgoingoffevery50minutesonschedulebecause,justtoday,we’reallowedtobreaktherules.I’msittingonmydesk,swingingmyfeet,andchattingwithmyEnglishteacher,Mr.Carr,inawaythatmakesmefeelalmostgrownup.Itwasmaybemyfavoritedayofthewholeyear.Likethefinallayerofwatercolor,thefreedomandlightnessIfeelseeps(渗透)intomymemoriesofthatdayandturnsthemjustashaderosier.Iftheschoolyearhasn’tyetendedforyou,considerwhatyoucandotomaketheendingcount.Why?Becausewhenitcomestohumanmemory,notallmomentsarecreatedequal.Instead,ourrememberedexperiencesaredisproportionately(不成比例地)influencedbypeaks(thebestmomentsaswellastheworst)andendings(thelastmoments).NobelPrizewinnerDanielKahneman,whodiscoveredthisphenomenon,calledthisthepeak-endrule.Itsuggeststhatourjudgmentofapastexperienceislargelybasedonitsmostextremepointanditsendpoint.Itookadvantageofthepeak-endruleyearsago,whenmygirlswereyoungenoughtowantabedtimestoryeachnight.Irememberthinkingthatwhatevertroubleandstresshadoccurredthatday,Icouldmakethelastmomentscount.IcouldendonanoteofcalmandactlikethepatientmomIhadn’tquitemanagedtobejusthoursbefore.Don’tmistakeallmomentsasequalinsignificance.There’sareasonwhyyogaclassesendwithsavasana(挺卧式).There’sareasonweeatdessertlast.Doorganizeendingscarefully.AsPeteCarrollmightsay:Finishstrong.Lastimpressionsareespeciallylasting.4.Accordingtothepeak-endrule,howdopeopleusuallyjudgepastexperiences?A.Bycalculatingthetotaltimespent.B.Byrememberingeverydetailequally.C.Bycomparingthemwithothers’experiences.D.Byfocusingonthemostextremeandfinalmoments.5.Howdidtheauthorapplythepeak-endruleinherownlife?A.Sheavoidedstressfulsituationsentirely.B.Sheencouragedherchildrentostudyharderbeforeexams.C.Shemadesureherchildrenhadacalmandpleasantbedtime.D.Sheorganizedmoreactivitiesforherchildrenduringtheday.6.WhydoestheauthormentionPeteCarroll’swordsinthelastparagraph?A.Toencouragereaderstopayattentiontoendings.B.Toexplainwhydessertsaremoreenjoyable.C.Tocriticizepeople’sunhealthyeatinghabits.D.Toprovethepeak-endrulecanbeusedinsports.7.Whatdoestheauthormainlydiscussinthepassage?A.Thebestwaystoreducestressbeforebedtime.B.Thepeak-endruleanditsinfluenceonmemory.C.Theimportanceoffollowingschoolrulesstrictly.D.Howtocreateunforgettablehighschoolmemories.【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作者通过回忆高中最后一天的美好记忆，引出“峰终定律”，阐述了该定律对人类记忆的影响，并结合自身经历说明如何运用这一定律，强调精心设计“结尾”的重要性。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“NobelPrizewinnerDanielKahneman,whodiscoveredthisphenomenon,calledthisthepeak-endrule.Itsuggeststhatourjudgmentofapastexperienceislargelybasedonitsmostextremepointanditsendpoint.(诺贝尔奖得主丹尼尔·卡尼曼发现了这一现象，并将其称为“峰终定律”，它表明我们对过去经历的判断很大程度上基于其最极端的时刻和结束时刻。)”由此可知，根据“峰终定律”，人们通常通过关注最极端和最后的时刻来判断过去的经历。故选D项。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Itookadvantageofthepeak-endruleyearsago,whenmygirlswereyoungenoughtowantabedtimestoryeachnight.Irememberthinkingthatwhatevertroubleandstresshadoccurredthatday,Icouldmakethelastmomentscount.IcouldendonanoteofcalmandactlikethepatientmomIhadn’tquitemanagedtobejusthoursbefore.(几年前，当我的女儿还小，每天晚上都想听一个睡前故事时，我就利用了“峰终定律”。我记得我当时想，无论那天发生了什么麻烦和压力，我都能让最后的时刻变得有意义。我可以平静地结束谈话，表现得像个耐心的妈妈，几个小时前我没能做到。)”由此可推知，作者在生活中应用“峰终定律”是确保她的孩子们有一个平静愉快的睡前时光。故选C项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Doorganizeendingscarefully.AsPeteCarrollmightsay:Finishstrong.Lastimpressionsareespeciallylasting.(一定要仔细组织好结尾。正如皮特·卡罗尔所说：坚强地完成。最后的印象尤其持久。)”由此可推知，作者在最后一段提到皮特·卡罗尔的话是为了鼓励读者注意结尾。故选A项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第三段“NobelPrizewinnerDanielKahneman,whodiscoveredthisphenomenon,calledthisthepeak-endrule.Itsuggeststhatourjudgmentofapastexperienceislargelybasedonitsmostextremepointanditsendpoint.(诺贝尔奖得主丹尼尔·卡尼曼发现了这一现象，并将其称为“峰终定律”，它表明我们对过去经历的判断很大程度上基于其最极端的时刻和结束时刻。)”可知，本文主要介绍了“峰终定律”，即人们对过去经历的判断很大程度上基于其最极端的时刻和结束时刻，并且作者结合自身经历说明如何运用这一定律，强调精心设计“结尾”的重要性。故B项“峰终定律及其对记忆的影响”最符合文章主旨。故选B项。CStanfordassistantprofessorRuikeZhaopublishedagroundbreakingmedicalbreakthroughinNature:usingatiny2mmmicrorobot,sheincreasedthesuccessrateofbloodclot(血块)removalfromamere11%toanamazing90%,sendingshockwavesthroughthemedicalworld.Inmodernsociety,aboutoneineverydozenpeoplemayexperienceabloodclotintheirlifetime.Itiswidelyknownthatbloodclotsaretheleadingcauseofstrokesandheartattacks.Duringtreatment,theabilitytoquicklyandeffectivelyrestorebloodflowbecomesamatteroflifeanddeath.Unfortunately,traditionalmechanicalmethodshavealowsuccessrate.Theprocessisliketryingtopickupbrokentofuwithchopsticks—notonlyissuccessunlikely,butthesituationmayevenworsen.Bloodclotsmaybreakapartwhilebeingdeformed,resultinginsmallpiecesstuckinhard-to-reachareas.However,ProfessorZhao’s2mmmicro-robotentersbloodvessels(血管)and,usinghigh-speedrotation(旋转),generatesforcestoreducetheclotsizeto5%.It’slikewhenyoupressandrubsoftthings,likehair,betweenyourhands.Theforcemakesthemsticktogetherintoasmallball.Themicro-robotworkssimilarly,usingpressuretobringtheclotcomponentstogether,makingthemeasiertoremove.Thisprocessrequiresnodrugs,causesnovesseldamage,andeffectivelyreleasestrappedredbloodcellsbackintoblood.What’sastonishingisthatthisinnovationisinspiredfromsubwayTBMs,tunnel-boringmachines(盾构机).Thewaytunnel-boringmachinesefficientlyhandlehardsoilandrockinnarrowspacesinspiredthecreation.ThisbrilliantChineseresearcherminiaturizedtheenormousundergroundmachinetoasizetensofthousandsoftimessmallerandadapteditforuseinhumanbloodvessels.Currently,thetechnologyhasbeensuccessfullytestedonpigs.Whilemostofthesestudiesremaininthelaboratoryphase,thebreakthroughitselfisexciting.Thistechnologymaysoonextendbeyondbloodclotstoaddressissueslikekidneystonesorgallstones.8.What’sthefunctionofParagraph1?A.Toleadintothetopic. B.Toexplainacommonphenomenon.C.Tointroduceafamousscientist. D.Tocriticizeanewstudy.9.WhatcanweknowaboutZhao’smicro-robot?A.Itusuallyincreasestheclotsize.B.Itpreventsclotsfromformingagain.C.Ithasbeencarriedoutonrealpatients.D.Itraisessuccessrateandreducessideeffects.10.WhatdoestheauthortrytoillustratebymentioningTBMs?A.Thecostofmedicalrobotics. B.Thereasonbehindthenumeroustrials.C.Theinspirationbehindtheinnovation. D.Theimportanceofmodernmachinery.11.Wherecanweprobablyreadthepassage?A.Inageographytextbook. B.Inamedicalmagazine.C.Onaculturewebsite. D.Inatravelguide.【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了赵教授研发的一种微小机器人，它能有效清除血管中的血块，显著提高治疗成功率且副作用小。该技术借鉴了盾构机的原理，目前已在实验阶段，未来可能用于治疗更多疾病。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“StanfordassistantprofessorRuikeZhaopublishedagroundbreakingmedicalbreakthroughinNature:usingatiny2mmmicrorobot,sheincreasedthesuccessrateofbloodclotremovalfromamere11%toanamazing90%,sendingshockwavesthroughthemedicalworld.(斯坦福大学助理教授赵瑞可在《自然》杂志上发表了一项突破性的医学突破：她使用一个2毫米的微型机器人，将清除血凝块的成功率从仅仅11%提高到了惊人的90%，这在医学界引起了轰动。)”可知，这一段通过介绍一项惊人的医学突破，旨在引出文章的主题，即介绍赵瑞可教授的微型机器人及其在医学领域的应用。故选A。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“However,ProfessorZhao’s2mmmicro-robotentersbloodvessels(血管)and,usinghigh-speedrotation(旋转),generatesforcestoreducetheclotsizeto5%.(赵教授的2毫米微型机器人进入血管，利用高速旋转产生力量，将血块大小减少到5%。)”以及“Thisprocessrequiresnodrugs,causesnovesseldamage,andeffectivelyreleasestrappedredbloodcellsbackintoblood.(这个过程不需要药物，不会造成血管损伤，并能有效地将被困的红细胞释放回血液中。)”可知，赵教授的微型机器人能够提高清除血凝块的成功率，并减少副作用。故选D。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段“What’sastonishingisthatthisinnovationisinspiredfromsubwayTBMs,tunnel-boringmachines(盾构机).(令人惊讶的是，这项创新是受到地铁隧道盾构机(TBMs)的启发。)”可知，作者提到TBMs是为了说明这项创新的灵感来源。选项C“Theinspirationbehindtheinnovation.(这项创新背后的灵感)”符合题意。故选C。【11题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，文章主要介绍了斯坦福大学助理教授赵瑞可发表在《自然》杂志上的一项突破性医学研究，即使用微型机器人提高清除血凝块的成功率。文章详细描述了微型机器人的工作原理、优势以及未来的应用前景。因此，这篇文章最有可能出现在医学杂志上。故选B。DScientistsannouncedthatthepastsummerwaslikelythehottestinmodernhistory,asashockingheatwaveshatteredtemperaturerecordsglobally.ThissurgesuggeststheEarthmightbeenteringaperiodofexceptionalwarmthlastingseveralyears,primarilydrivenbyhuman-causedgreenhousegasemissionsandthereturnofElNino.TheplanethasjustexperienceditswarmestJuneonrecord,withsevereheatwavesaffectingregionslikeTexasandIndia.Alarmingchangesarealsoseeninthepolarregions:Antarcticseaicehasdroppedtoarecordlow,whiletheNorthAtlanticOceanhasshownunusuallyhightemperatures,breakingpreviousrecordsbyasignificantmargin.Thissuddentemperaturejumphassurprisedevenclimatescientists.Accordingtoananalysis,theglobalaveragetemperaturerecentlyreacheditshighestlevelsinceatleast1940.Whilethisisaglobalaverage,someareas,suchastheSouthernUSandNorthernMexico,experiencedevenmoreintenseheat,withclimatechangemakingtheheatwaveconsiderablyworse.Thelong-termwarmingtrendalignswithscientificpredictionsbasedongreenhousegasincreases.However,naturalcyclesarealsoinfluencingtherecentacceleration.TheworldistransitioningfromaprolongedLaNinaphase,whichsuppressedglobaltemperatures,intoastrongElNinophase,whichreleasesoceanheatandwarmstheatmosphere.Thisshiftsuggeststhatevenhotterconditionsmaylieahead,potentiallymakingnextyearwarmerthanthecurrentone.Otherfactorsmaybecontributing.TheNorthAtlantichasbeenexceptionallywarmsinceMarch,possiblyduetoweakenedwindsandreduceddustfromtheSahara,whichnormallyhasacoolingeffect.Somescientistsalsodebatewhetherreducedsulfurpollutionfromships,whichpreviouslyreflectedsunlight,mightbeaminorcontributingfactor.Despitetheseshort-terminfluences,climatescientistsemphasizethefundamentalroleofhumanactivities.Thecontinuousincreaseingreenhousegasesoverthepast150yearshascreatedabackgroundstatethatmakesextremeheateventsmuchmorelikelyandsevere,settingthestageforrecordstobebroken.12.Whatisthemainreasonforthecurrentperiodofexceptionalwarmthaccordingtothetext?A.Human-madegreenhousegasemissions. B.Thedecreaseinsulfurpollution.C.ThereturnoftheLaNinaphase. D.WeakenedwindsovertheNorthAtlantic.13.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheElNinophenomenonfromthetext?A.Ithadreacheditspeakintensity.B.Itusuallycoolsglobaltemperatures.C.Itmaycauseevenhighertemperaturesnextyear.D.ItcausedtheNorthAtlanticheatinMarch.14.Whichofthefollowingstatementsmaytheauthoragree?A.TheNorthernMexicosufferedfromlessintenseheat.B.Thewarmingtrendwasunexpectedbyscientists.C.TheAntarcticseaicelevelsincreasedthisyear.D.Theglobalaveragetemperaturerecentlyhitarecordhigh.15.Whatisthemainpurposeofthearticle?A.Topredictpreciseweatherforthenextdecade.B.Toexplainthereasonsforrecentrecordheat.C.Tocriticizethereductionofshippollution.D.Todiscussheatwaves’impactsinTexasandIndia.【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出今年夏天很可能是现代史上最热的时期，这种极端温暖现象是人类活动导致的温室气体排放、厄尔尼诺回归等因素共同作用的结果，同时短期自然周期和其他辅助因素也加剧了升温，而人类活动是背后的根本原因。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“ThissurgesuggeststheEarthmightbeenteringaperiodofexceptionalwarmthlastingseveralyears,primarilydrivenbyhuman-causedgreenhousegasemissionsandthereturnofElNino.(这一激增表明，地球可能正在进入一个持续数年的异常温暖时期，这主要是由人类活动造成的温室气体排放和厄尔尼诺现象的回归引起的)”可知，当前异常温暖时期的主要原因是人为造成的温室气体排放。故选A。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“TheworldistransitioningfromaprolongedLaNinaphase,whichsuppressedglobaltemperatures,intoastrongElNinophase,whichreleasesoceanheatandwarmstheatmosphere.Thisshiftsuggeststhatevenhotterconditionsmaylieahead,potentiallymakingnextyearwarmerthanthecurrentone.(全球正从持续已久的拉尼娜阶段过渡到强劲的厄尔尼诺阶段。拉尼娜会抑制全球气温，而厄尔尼诺会释放海洋热量并使大气升温。这种转变意味着未来可能出现更炎热的天气，明年的气温甚至有可能超过今年)”可推知，厄尔尼诺现象可能会导致明年气温更高。故选C。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Accordingtoananalysis,theglobalaveragetemperaturerecentlyreacheditshighestlevelsinceatleast1940.(根据一项分析，全球平均气温最近达到了至少自1940年以来的最高水平)”可推知，作者可能同意全球平均气温最近创下历史新高。故选D。【15题详析】推理判断题。文章第一段首先指出过去的一个夏天可能是现代历史上最热的，地球可能正进入一个持续数年的异常温暖时期，这主要是由人类活动造成的温室气体排放和厄尔尼诺现象的回归引起的，接着文章第二、三、四、五段分别介绍了影响近期气温飙升的自然因素和人为因素，最后一段强调了人类活动在长期变暖趋势中的根本作用。由此推知，这篇文章的主要目的是解释近期创纪录高温的原因。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Notallgreatthinkersaregreatcommunicators.Ifyouwanttosucceedinanyfield,it’sessentialtoconveyyourideasclearlyandeffectively.____16____Noaudienceislikelytoappreciateaspeakerwhocannotexpressthoughtsfluently.Ialwayskeeptwoimportanttoolswithinreach:agrammarguidebookandastylemanual(手册).Idon’trelyonlyonmycomputer’sgrammarchecker.____17____Whiletherearemanyonlineresourcesavailable,IstillpreferthephysicalfeelofaphysicalbookthatIcanreadatmyleisure.IuseTheElementsofStylebyStrunkandWhiteandTheChicagoManualofStyle.____18____Itshouldprovideclearexplanationsofgrammaticalrules,thushelpingyouavoidcommonmistakes.Itwillalsoofferguidanceonhowtostructuresentencesandparagraphsformaximumimpact.Inaddition,Ihaveawell-worncopyofOnWritingWellbyWilliamZinsser,whichIpickedupatausedbookstoreforabargainprice.It’snotjustaboutgrammar;it’saboutwritingwithclarity,simplicity,andhumanity.____19____However,ifIneedinspirationorpracticaladviceonimprovingmywriting,there’snobetterresource.Forcenturies,oneofthemostinfluentialbooksonrhetoric(修辞)andpersuasionhasbeenAristotle’sRhetoric.“Theartofpersuasionistheartofspeakinginawaythatisbothconvincingandmoving,”wroteAristotle.____20____Spendingafewminutesreadingapassagefromitcanbeenlighteningandenriching.A.Idon’toftenrefertothisbook.B.Butastylemanualcanbeajoytoexplore.C.ButIstillwouldn’ttradeitforanythingelse.D.Itdoesn’taccountforthedetailsoflanguage.E.Thatmeansclearstructureandsmoothlanguage.F.Stylemanualsdon’talwayscovereverypossiblesituation.G.Ofcourse,agrammarguideisnotjustforcorrectingerrors.【答案】16.E17.D18.G19.A20.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章强调了有效沟通的重要性，作者分享了个人在提升写作和沟通技巧方面使用工具书的心得，指出语法和风格手册的价值，并提及修辞学经典《修辞学》的启发性。【16题详析】上文提到“Ifyouwanttosucceedinanyfield,it’sessentialtoconveyyourideasclearlyandeffectively.(如果你想在任何领域取得成功，清晰有效地传达你的想法是至关重要的。)”强调了清晰表达的重要性。E选项“Thatmeansclearstructureandsmoothlanguage.(这意味着清晰的结构和流畅的语言。)”进一步解释了清晰表达的具体含义，即结构清晰和语言流畅，与上文紧密相连，符合题意。故选E。【17题详析】上文提到“Idon’trelyonlyonmycomputer’sgrammarchecker.(我不仅仅依赖电脑的语法检查器。)”表明作者不单纯依赖电脑工具。D选项“Itdoesn’taccountforthedetailsoflanguage.(它没有考虑到语言的细节。)”解释了为什么不单纯依赖电脑工具的原因，即电脑工具可能无法捕捉到语言的细节，与上文形成因果关系，符合题意。故选D。【18题详析】下文提到“Itshouldprovideclearexplanationsofgrammaticalrules,thushelpingyouavoidcommonmistakes.Itwillalsoofferguidanceonhowtostructuresentencesandparagraphsformaximumimpact.(它应该对语法规则提供清晰的解释，从而帮助你避免常见的错误。它还将提供如何构建句子和段落以获得最大影响的指导。)”详细描述了语法指南的功能和作用。G选项“Ofcourse,agrammarguideisnotjustforcorrectingerrors.(当然，语法指南不仅仅是为了纠正错误。)”引出了下文对语法指南功能的进一步阐述，符合题意。故选G。【19题详析】上文“Inaddition,Ihaveawell-worncopyof

OnWritingWell

byWilliamZinsser,whichIpickedupatausedbookstoreforabargainprice.It’snotjustaboutgrammar;it’saboutwritingwithclarity,simplicity,andhumanity.

(此外，我手边还有一本翻旧了的《写作法宝》，作者是威廉·津瑟，是我在一家二手书店淘来的特价书。这本书不仅关乎语法，更在于如何写出清晰、简洁且富有人情味的文字)”介绍了作者常用的一本语法书。A选项“Idon’toftenrefertothisbook.(我不经常参考这本书。)”与上文中的“OnWritingWell

byWilliamZinsser”形成呼应，同时与后文“However,ifIneedinspirationorpracticaladviceonimprovingmywriting,there’snobetterresource.(然而，如果我需要关于提升写作水平的灵感或实用建议，那么没有比这个更好的资源了。)”构成转折关系，表明尽管这本书有诸多优点，但作者并不经常使用它，但如果需要关于提升写作水平的灵感或实用建议，那么作者就会使用这本书。故选A。【20题详析】上文提到“Forcenturies,oneofthemostinfluentialbooksonrhetoric(修辞)andpersuasionhasbeenAristotle’sRhetoric.“Theartofpersuasionistheartofspeakinginawaythatisbothconvincingandmoving,”wroteAristotle.(几个世纪以来，对修辞和说服最有影响力的书籍之一是亚里士多德的《修辞学》。亚里士多德曾写道：“说服的艺术在于以一种既令人信服又动人心弦的方式进行表达。”)”强调了亚里士多德《修辞学》的重要地位，并强调了说服这种表达方式的重要意义。B选项“Butastylemanualcanbeajoytoexplore.”(但是一本风格手册探索起来也是一种乐趣。)与上文形成对比，虽然亚里士多德的《修辞学》很重要，说服的艺术表达风格也很重要，但作者认为探索风格手册也是一种乐趣，进一步丰富了对写作资源的讨论，符合题意。故选B。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。UPSdriverRyanArenswasmakinghisroundsnearapondinBozeman,Montana,whenheheardanunearthlysound.“Likeacryforhelp,”hesaidlater.ItwasDecember2018,andabout15feetfromthefrozenbankswasthe____21____ofthatcry—ahalf-submergedbrown-and-whitewirehairedhound,strugglingtoclingtoathinlayerofice.Howshegottherenoone____22____,butanelderlymanwasalreadythere,____23____tosaveher.Hehadenteredthepondinarowboatandwashackingawayattheicewitharockto____24____apathtothedog.Itwasslowgoing,andArens,44,thoughthehada____25____chance.“Animalsaremyweakness,”heexplained,tellingwhyhe____26____downtohisunderwearandsocksandtookovertherowboat.His____27____beatingfast,Arensslidclosertothedogandusedtherocktosmashawayattheice.____28____,allofasudden,heslippedofftheboatintothe____29____water.Heresurfaced____30____toseethedoggoingunder.Usingenergytokeepwarm,heswamtowardher,____31____hercollar,andpulledhertotheice.Hethenboostedthedogintotheboatandslidbacktoshore,____32____bystanderscarriedthedogtoahouse.Onceinside,Arensjumpedintoawarmshowerwiththedoguntiltheyboth____33____.Thenextday,thedog’sownerthankedhimforsavingSadie.SadieboltedoutofthepickupandmadeabeelineforArens,____34____onhimhappily.“Thatspecialdelivery,”saidArens,“wasthe____35____ofmyUPScareer.”21.A.cause B.point C.source D.nature22.A.likes B.criticizes C.recommends D.knows23.A.reluctant B.determined C.afraid D.unable24.A.follow B.leave C.climb D.clear25.A.real B.fair C.slim D.good26.A.stripped B.beat C.bowed D.came27.A.arms B.heart C.eyes D.legs28.A.However B.Moreover C.Thus D.Furthermore29.A.fresh B.salty C.dirty D.icy30.A.intime B.ontime C.attimes D.atatime31.A.adjusted B.grabbed C.loosened D.fixed32.A.innocent B.casual C.anxious D.indifferent33.A.frozeup B.sleptin C.warmedup D.melteddown34.A.hurting B.sitting C.attacking D.leaping35.A.pity B.highlight C.insight D.lesson【答案】21.C22.D23.B24.D25.C26.A27.B28.A29.D30.A31.B32.C33.C34.D35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了UPS司机瑞安・阿伦斯在蒙大拿州博兹曼市送货时，听到结冰池塘传来狗的求救声，随后与一位老人合力救助被困冰水中的猎犬萨迪的故事，这次救援也成为他UPS职业生涯中最难忘的亮点。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是2018年12月，在距离结冰的河岸约15英尺的地方，传出了那声呼喊的源头——一只半浸在水中的棕白相间的硬毛猎犬，正挣扎着抓住一层薄冰。A.cause原因；B.point点；C.source源头；D.nature自然。根据上文“whenheheardanunearthlysound.“Likeacryforhelp”和下文“ahalf-submergedbrown-and-whitewirehairedhound”可知，呼喊声的源头是一只猎犬。故选C。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：没人知道她是怎么到那里的，但一位老人已经在那里，决心要救它。A.likes喜欢；B.criticizes批评；C.recommends推荐；D.knows知道。根据上文“Howshegotthere”可知，没人知道她怎么到那里的。故选D。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没人知道她是怎么到那里的，但一位老人已经在那里，决心要救它。A.reluctant不情愿的；B.determined下定决心的；C.afraid害怕的；D.unable不能的。根据下文“Hehadenteredthepondinarowboatandwashackingawayattheice”可知，老人决心救狗狗。故选B。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他划船进入池塘，用石头砸冰，想清理出一条通向狗的路。A.follow跟随；B.leave离开；C.climb爬；D.clear清理。根据下文“apathtothedog”可知，凿冰的目的是为狗清理一条通路。故选D。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：进展很慢，44岁的阿伦斯认为他成功的可能性很小。A.real真实的；B.fair公平的；C.slim微小的；D.good好的。根据上文“Itwasslowgoing”可知，老人凿冰速度慢，因此成功的可能性小。故选C。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“动物是我的软肋，”他解释道，并说明了为什么他脱下衣服，只剩下内衣和袜子，接过了划船的任务。A.stripped脱去；B.beat打败；C.bowed鞠躬；D.came来。根据下文“downtohisunderwearandsocks”可知，只剩下内衣和袜子，说明是脱下了其他衣物。故选A。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：阿伦斯的心跳得飞快，慢慢划向狗狗，继续用石头砸冰。A.arms胳膊；B.heart心脏；C.eyes眼睛；D.legs腿。根据下文“beatingfast”和常识可知，救援过程紧张危险，应是心跳加速。故选B。【28题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，突然间，他从船上滑了下来，掉进了冰冷的水中。A.However然而；B.Moreover此外；C.Thus因此；D.Furthermore而且。上文“slidclosertothedogandusedtherocktosmashawayattheice”与下文“slippedofftheboat”形成转折。故选A。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，突然间，他从船上滑了下来，掉进了冰冷的水中。A.fresh新鲜的；B.salty咸的；C.dirty脏的；D.icy冰冷的。根据上文“December2018”和“frozenbanks”可知，12月的池塘水必然冰冷。故选D。【30题详析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：他及时浮出水面，看到狗狗正在下沉。A.intime及时；B.ontime按时；C.attimes有时；D.atatime一次。根据下文“toseethedoggoingunder”可知，他及时浮出水面看到了这一幕。故选A。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他靠着仅存的体力抵御严寒，向狗狗游去，抓住她的项圈，把她拖到冰面上。A.adjusted调整；B.grabbed抓住；C.loosened放松；D.fixed修理。根据“hercollar”可知，要拉狗上岸，首先需要抓住她的项圈。故选B。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后他把狗抱到船上，滑回岸边，焦急的旁观者把狗抱到了一所房子里。A.innocent无辜的；B.casual随意的；C.anxious焦急的；D.indifferent冷漠的。根据下文“bystanderscarriedthedogtoahouse”可知，看到狗被救的过程，旁观者应该是焦急的。故选C。【33题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一进屋，阿伦斯就和狗一起跳进温暖的淋浴中，直到他们都暖和过来。A.frozeup冻住；B.sleptin睡过头；C.warmedup暖和起来；D.melteddown熔化。根据上文“jumpedintoawarmshower”可知，跳进温暖的淋浴中是为了暖和起来。故选C。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：萨迪从皮卡车上跳下来，径直冲向阿伦斯，高兴地跳到他身上。A.hurting伤害；B.sitting坐；C.attacking攻击；D.leaping跳跃。根据上文“SadieboltedoutofthepickupandmadeabeelineforArens”可知，狗见到救命恩人，开心地扑上去，leaping表示“跳跃、扑向”，符合狗的兴奋状态。故选D。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“那次特殊的投递，”阿伦斯说，“是我UPS职业生涯中的高光时刻。”A.pity遗憾；B.highlight亮点，高光时刻；C.insight洞察力；D.lesson教训。根据上文“Thatspecialdelivery”以及全文讲述阿伦斯冒险救狗的暖心经历可知，这次救援经历对他来说是很特别的，是职业生涯中的高光时刻。故选B。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AYankeeontheYangtzeisatravelbookbyAmericangeographerWilliamEdgarGeil,____36____(base)onhisjourneythrough13provincesinChinain1903.UnlikemanyWesternexplorersofhistime,GeilgaveafairanddetailedaccountofChinesesociety,____37____(cover)landscapes,localcustomsandeverydaylife.Whatimpressesmemost____38____(be)hisunbiasedattitude.HisrespectforChinesecultureisalsoclearinhisloveforliterature.Onequoteheadmiredwas,“Fourhundredeightysplendid____39____(temple)stillremain.OfSouthernDynastiesinthemistandrain,”whichmatchedhis____40____(impress)ofNanjing.Thisbookisnotjustahistoricalrecord—italsooffers____41____freshviewofChinesecivilization.GeildescribedtheChinesespiritasvaluingharmonyandmutualbenefit.HeencouragedAmericanstocooperatewithothersratherthantakeadvantageofthem,alesson____42____stillmatterstoday.Hisreflectionsencouragemetorethinkculturalbias.Manyideas,such____43____culturalarroganceorfeelingsofinferiority,aresocommonthatweoftendon’tquestionthem.Hisobservationsremindme____44____(view)differentcultureswithanopenmind.Asahighschoolstudent,thishelpsmeimprovemycross-culturalcommunicationskillsanddevelopamuch____45____(wide)globalperspective.【答案】36.based37.covering38.is39.temples40.impression41.a42.that/which43.as44.toview45.wider【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍美国地理学家威廉·埃德加·盖尔的《扬子江上的美国人》，及其公平视角、文化价值与对作者的启发。【36题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：《扬子江上的美国人》是美国地理学家威廉·埃德加·盖尔的一本旅行书，基于他1903年穿越中国13个省份的旅程。此处为非谓语动词，atravelbook与base为被动关系，用过去分词based作状语。故填based。【37题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：与他那个时代的许多西方探险家不