三年（2023-2025）甘肃中考英语真题分类汇编专题05 阅读理解之说明文（解析版）

专题05阅读理解之说明文年份地区体裁/字数主题内容25年甘肃说明文/204本文介绍了人工智能的工作原理25年兰州说明文/302本文主要介绍了三种桥梁类型（斜拉桥、开启桥和拱桥）及其代表建筑24年甘肃说明文/164文章介绍了一项物品升级改造竞赛。通过回收利用或升级改造可以帮助我们保护地球环境。24年兰州说明文/236本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了什么是智能家居，23年甘肃说明文/200本文主要介绍了钢笔和铅笔的发展历史。23年兰州记叙文/214本文主要介绍风能发电的优势和劣势。25年中考真题+模拟试题（25·甘肃中考真题）LearningaboutAI▲AIworksbyusingalgorithms(算法),orstep-by-stepinstructions,tohelpcomputersunderstandandworkwithinformation.Forexample,ifyouwantedtoteachacomputertoknowdifferenttypesoffruits,youwouldgiveitalotofpicturesoffruitsandtellitwhichonesareapples,bananas,andsoon.Thecomputerwouldthenusethisinformationtofindoutwhatnewfruitsare.Thisprocessiscalled“machinelearning”.WhatcanAIbeusedfor?AIisalreadybeingusedinmanydifferentareas.Forexample,AIcanbeusedto:●diagnoseandtreatdiseases;●driveself-drivingcars;●recommendmoviesandTVshowsaccordingtoyourviewinghistory;●helpteachersgivemarkstopapers.TheFutureofAIInthefuture,AImaycompletelychangemanypartsofourlivesandhelpussolvesomeoftheworld’sbiggestproblems.However,it’salsoimportanttorememberthatAIisjustatool,andit’suptoustodecidehowweuseit.Withresponsibleandethical(合乎道德的)use,AIcanmaketheworldabetterplaceforeveryone!PS:ThecopyaboveiscreatedbyAI!阅读以上材料，回答下列各小题。41.Whichofthefollowingcanbeputin▲?A.WhenwasAIinvented? B.HowdoesAIwork?C.WhyisAIimportant? D.WhousesAIthemost?42.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“diagnose”probablymean?A.Spread. B.Cause. C.Recognize. D.Make.43.HowdoesAIrecommendmoviesandTVshows?A.Byguessingfreely. B.Byusingyourviewinghistory.C.Byaskingyourfriends. D.Bycreatingnewmovies.44.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.AIisn’tatoolanditcandecidehowpeopleuseit.B.AIcanmakeabetterworldifweuseitcorrectly.C.It’simpossibleforAItosolvethebiggestquestions.D.AIcannothelpteacherstomarkthepapers.45.Whowrotethepassage?A.Aworker. B.Anengineer. C.Awriter. D.AI.【答案】41.B42.C43.B44.B45.D【解析】本文介绍了人工智能的工作原理，包括使用算法和机器学习；列举了AI在诊断疾病、自动驾驶、推荐系统和教育等领域的应用。41.推理判断题。根据“AIworksbyusingalgorithms(算法),orstep-by-stepinstructions,tohelpcomputersunderstandandworkwithinformation.”可知，本段落直接阐述AI如何工作，故选B。42.词句猜测题。根据“diagnoseandtreatdiseases”可知，diagnose与treat并列，在医疗语境中意为诊断疾病，与“Recognize”同义，故选C。43.细节理解题。根据“recommendmoviesandTVshowsaccordingtoyourviewinghistory”可知，根据你的观看历史推荐电影和电视节目，故选B。44.细节理解题。根据“However,it’salsoimportanttorememberthatAIisjustatool,andit’suptoustodecidehowweuseit.Withresponsibleandethical(合乎道德的)use,AIcanmaketheworldabetterplaceforeveryone!”可知，人工智能只是一种工具，如何使用它取决于我们自己，通过负责任和道德的使用，人工智能可以让世界变得更美好！故选B。45.细节理解题。根据“PS:ThecopyaboveiscreatedbyAI!”可知，AI创造了这篇文章，故选D。（25·甘肃兰州中考真题）Everybridgeisasymbolofthetimes.Mostofthemlooksimilar,buttherearegreatdifferencesinthewaytheyarebuilt.Let’slearnaboutbridgesaroundtheworld.Cable-stayedbridgeTheHong-Kong-Zhuhai-MacaoBridge(HZMB)isthelongestsea-crossingbridgeandakindofcable-stayedbridge.Itwasopenedin2018.Theconstruction(建造)oftheHZMBrequirescutting-edgetechnologyandcarefulplanning.Itsopeningprovesthathumansaremakingmiracles(奇迹)withgreateffortandwisdom.DrawbridgeLondonTowerBridgehasbeenstandingovertheRiverThamessince1894.Thebridgeisknownforitsbascule(桥梁板),andthispartcanberaisedtoallowtallshipstopassthrough.Fromthetopofthebridge,youcouldenjoythebeautifulviewsoftheRiverThames.ArchbridgeOneoftheoldestarch(拱)bridgesisZhaozhouBridgeinHebeiProvince.ItwasbuiltbyLiChunofSuiDynastyabout1,400yearsago.Therearetwosmallarchesateachsideofthebigarch.Usually,theriverrunsthroughthebigarch.Whenthereisaflood(洪水),therivercanalsorunthroughthefoursmallones.Sotodaythebridgeisstillinuse.Archesplayanimportantpartinbridges.Theyareusedforspreadingtheweighttheyarecarryingout.Whynotmakeyourownmodelarch?Youjustneedsomepaperandapairofscissors.Steps:①Cutoutonelargeshapeandsixsmallshapes.②Layoutallofthepaperpieceslikethis.Makesurethelargepiecewillbeputinthecentralplaceofthisarchasitholdsthewholearchtogether.Tryit,testitandmakeitbetter!21.Howmanykindsofbridgesarementionedinthetext?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.22.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“cutting-edge”meaninparagraph2?A.High. B.Low. C.Simple. D.Old.23.HowlonghasLondonTowerBridgebeenstandingovertheRiverThames?A.Over1,400years. B.Over100years.C.Lessthan100years. D.Lessthan7years.24.Howdoesthewriterendthetext?A.Bytellingastory. B.Bylistingnumbers.C.Bymakingamodelarch. D.Byintroducingsomebridges.25.Whatisthemainpurposeofwritingthistext?A.Totellreadersthehistoryofbridges. B.Toshowreaderstheviewsonbridges.C.Toadvisereaderstoenjoyandvisit. D.Toencouragereaderstoknowandpractise.【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.C25.D【解析】本文主要介绍了三种桥梁类型（斜拉桥、开启桥和拱桥）及其代表建筑，并鼓励读者动手制作拱桥模型。21.细节理解题。根据“Cable-stayedbridge”，“Drawbridge”和“Archbridge”可知，文章共提到了三种桥。故选C。22.词义猜测题。根据“Theconstruction(建造)oftheHZMBrequirescutting-edgetechnologyandcarefulplanning.Itsopeningprovesthathumansaremakingmiracles(奇迹)withgreateffortandwisdom.”可知，港珠澳大桥的建造需要尖端技术和周密规划，它的通车证明，人类正凭借巨大的努力和智慧创造奇迹。“cutting-edge”应指“先进的，领先的”，hightechnology符合语境。故选A。23.细节理解题。根据“LondonTowerBridgehasbeenstandingovertheRiverThamessince1894.”可知，伦敦塔桥自1894年矗立至今，计算至2025年已超过100年。故选B。24.细节理解题。通读全文可知，文章结尾部分通过表格给出制作拱桥模型的步骤并鼓励读者去尝试，属于通过实践操作收尾。故选C。25.主旨大意题。全文通过介绍桥梁类型和结尾的动手实践指导，呼应最后一句“Tryit,testit...”的号召性语言，目的是鼓励读者了解和实践。故选D。（25·甘肃酒泉市一模试题）TheHexiCorridor(河西走廊),a1,000-kilometer-longhistoricaltraderouteinGansuProvince,stretchesbetweentheQilianMountainsandtheHeiheRiver.Knownasthe“GoldenSectionoftheSilkRoad,”itonceconnectedancientChinatoCentralAsia.However,overthepast50years,rapiddesertification(沙漠化)hasthreatenedthisregion.Nearly30%ofthelandhasturnedintodesert,forcingmanyvillagestorelocate(搬迁).Tosolvethisproblem,scientistsandlocalshaveworkedtogether.Step1:Fixingthesand.Theylaystrawcheckerboards(草方格)acrossthedesert.Thesegrids,madeofwheatstraw,canreducewindspeedby50%andtrapmovingsand.Step2:Plantingtrees.Drought-resistantplantslikesaxaul(梭梭树)aregrowninthegrids.Theirrootscanreach10metersdeeptofindwater.Step3:Savingwater.Farmersnowusedripirrigationsystems,whichsave60%morewaterthantraditionalmethods.Thegovernmenthasalsotakenaction.Since2020,over20,000hectares(公顷)ofdeserthavebeenturnedintogreenland.DronesandAIareusedtomonitorplantgrowth.InMinqinCounty,oncecalled“theplaceswallowedbydesert,”70%ofthedesertisnowundercontrol.Localpeopleevendevelopeco-tourism(生态旅游)—visitorsplanttreesandridecamelsthroughrestoredgrasslands.Futurechallenges:Climatechangeandlimitedwaterresourcesremainproblems.ButasMr.Wang,afarmer,said:“Mygrandchildrenwillseeagreenercorridor!”52.WhatisthemaincauseoftheHexiCorridor’sproblem?A.Floods. B.Desertification. C.Airpollution. D.Overpopulation.53.Howdostrawcheckerboardshelp?A.Bycleaningrivers. B.Bystoppingsandmovement.C.Bygrowingcrops. D.Bybuildingroads.54.Whyaresaxaultreesspecial?A.Theirrootsgrowverydeep. B.Theyproducedeliciousfruit.C.Theyneedlotsofrainwater. D.Theyattracttourists.55.Whattechnologyisusedtowatchplantgrowth?A.Robots. B.DronesandAI. C.Satellites. D.Underwatercameras.56.WhatdoesMr.Wang’swordsshow?A.Anger. B.Hope. C.Disappointment. D.Boredom.【答案】52.B53.B54.A55.B56.B【解析】本文介绍了中国甘肃省河西走廊的荒漠化问题及治理措施。52.细节理解题。根据“However,overthepast50years,rapiddesertification(沙漠化)hasthreatenedthisregion.”可知，过去50年河西走廊面临的主要威胁是快速沙漠化。故选B。53.细节理解题。根据“Thesegrids,madeofwheatstraw,canreducewindspeedby50%andtrapmovingsand.”可知，草方格的作用是降低风速50%并固定流沙。故选B。54.细节理解题。根据“Drought-resistantplantslikesaxaul(梭梭树)aregrowninthegrids.Theirrootscanreach10metersdeeptofindwater.”可知，梭梭树之所以特别是因为它的根部能深入地下10米寻找水源。故选A。55.细节理解题。根据“DronesandAIareusedtomonitorplantgrowth.”可知，无人机和人工智能可以监测植物生长。故选B。56.推理判断题。根据“ButasMr.Wang,afarmer,said:‘Mygrandchildrenwillseeagreenercorridor!’”可知，王先生说他的孙子会看到更绿的走廊，这是对未来改善的积极期待，故推测出他的话充满了希望。故选B。（25·甘肃白银市一模试题）AJOBATTHEENDOFTHEWORLDGeorgeClarkeisfromBristol,theUK.HehasworkedasthepostmasteronGoudierIslandinAntarctica(南极洲)since2024.Hisworkplaceisthesouthernmostpostofficeintheworld.Thepostofficewassetupin1944.Let’shearwhatClarkesaidbeforeheheadedtotheisland.Whatmadeyouapplyforthejob,Clarke?Ireadanarticleaboutsomeonewhohadworkedatthispostoffice.Ineverexpectedtogetthejob.ButIthought,“Whynot?Itmightbeagreatadventure.”Whatwillyourdutiesbe?Somevisitorsgotothepostofficetosendpostcardsandlettershome.Theyalsocollectstampstoremembertheirtimethere.Allofthesetaskswillbehandledbyme.Whoelsewillbegoingthere?Therearefiveofusonthecoreteam(核心团队).Somewillmonitorwildlife(监测野生生物)andrunthegiftshop.Whatareyoumostlookingforwardto?Thepenguins(企鹅),ofcourse!Therearethousandsofpenguinsontheisland.We’llbekeepinganeyeon(密切关注)themandtheirpopulationnumbers.Whatdoestherolemeantoyou?ThewholeideaistoprotectAntarctichistory.Ilovetheideaofhelpingthestoryofthisplaceliveon.阅读以上材料，根据其内容回答其后各个小题。41.WhereisGeorgeClarkefrom?A.America. B.TheUK. C.Australia. D.Canada.42.WhenwasthepostofficeonGoudierIslandsetup?A.In1944. B.In1954. C.In1964. D.In1974.43.WhatisGeorgeClarke’smainduty?A.Torunthegiftshop. B.Tomonitorwildlife.C.Tocollectstampsforvisitors. D.Tosendpostcardsandlettersforvisitors.44.WhatisGeorgeClarkemostexcitedaboutinhisnewjobonGoudierIsland?A.TheopportunitytoprotectAntarctichistory.B.Theadventureoflivinginaremotelocation.C.Monitoringthepenguinpopulationnumbers.D.Helpingthevisitors.45.Whereisthisarticleprobablyfrom?A.Atravelguide. B.Ahistorybook.C.Apaintingmagazine. D.Asportsnewspaper.【答案】41.B42.A43.D44.C45.A【解析】本文通过GeorgeClarke的视角，展示了在南极洲偏远岛屿上工作的独特体验，强调了保护历史和自然的重要性。41.细节理解题。根据“GeorgeClarkeisfromBristol,theUK.”可知，GeorgeClarke来自英国。故选B。42.细节理解题。根据“Thepostofficewassetupin1944.”可知，邮局建立于1944年。故选A。43.细节理解题。根据“Somevisitorsgotothepostofficetosendpostcardsandlettershome.Theyalsocollectstampstoremembertheirtimethere.Allofthesetaskswillbehandledbyme.”可知，GeorgeClarke的主要职责是为游客寄送明信片和信件。故选D。44.细节理解题。根据“Whatareyoumostlookingforwardto?Thepenguins,ofcourse!Therearethousandsofpenguinsontheisland.We’llbekeepinganeyeonthemandtheirpopulationnumbers.”可知，GeorgeClarke最期待的是观察企鹅及其数量变化。故选C。45.推理判断题。文章主要介绍了GeorgeClarke在南极洲的工作经历，属于旅行见闻类内容，最可能出自旅行指南。故选A。（25·甘肃兰州市一模试题）I’veownedamodelplanesinceIwasfive.NowI’ma14­-year-­oldmiddleschoolstudentandIdon’tneeditanymore.Thistoycanstillflyupintheair.SoI’dliketogiveitawaytosomeoneinneed.Mightthepersonbeyou?—JoeTobehonest,Iusedtohatemyfamilyalot.MyparentsoftenarguedandnevercaredaboutmeandmybrotherSam.Samoftenfoughtwithme.SoIstayedinmyownbedroommostofthetime.Butnoweverythinghaschangedandwe’vegotonwellwitheachother.Ilovemyfamily.—MayWhoseCoatIsThis?Salas,anAmericanwriterwroteitforkids.Accordingtodifferentcoats,thisbookintroducessomedifferentjobs.Ihavelearnedmuchfromthebook.—WangZiIoncevolunteeredtoteachinavillageprimaryschool.It’savaluableexperienceforme.Mostpupilswerefrompoorfamilies,buttheyalllovedtostudy.ItaughtthemEnglishandplayedgameswiththem.Whenseeingtheirhappyfaces,Ifeltgreat.—ZhuHe11.HowlonghasJoehadthemodelplane?A.Forthreeyears. B.Forfiveyears.C.Forsevenyears. D.Fornineyears.12.WhatmightMayenjoydoinginthepast?A.PlayingwithSam. B.Stayingaloneinherbedroom.C.Talkingwithherdad. D.Helpinghermomwiththechores.13.WhichsubjectmayZhuHebegoodat?A.English. B.Chinese. C.Math. D.History.14.Wecanlearnfromthesepassages________.A.“WhoseCoatIsThis?”isthenameofamovie.B.Mayoftenfoughtwithherparentsinthepast.C.Joe`stoystillworksnow.D.AllthestudentslovetostudyinZhuHe’sclass.15.Whatcanweknowfromtheinformation?A.Joeoftengivessomeoldthingsawaytopoorkids.B.ThereareatleastfourpeopleinMay’sfamily.C.WangZineedsagreatjobtodevelophisskills.D.ZhuHeisfromapoorfamily,butlovestostudy.【答案】11.D12.B13.A14.C15.B【分析】本文是一篇说明文。四个不同的人对自己情况的简单介绍。11.细节理解题。根据文中“I’veownedamodelplanesinceIwasfive.NowI’ma14­year­oldmiddleschoolstudentandIdon’tneeditanymore.”可推理出，Joe有这个飞机模型九年了。故选D。12.细节理解题。根据文中“SoIstayedinmyownbedroommostofthetime.”可知，May过去可能喜欢一个人呆在卧室里。故选B。13.推理判断题。根据文中“ItaughtthemEnglishandplayedgameswiththem.”可推理出，朱和可能擅长英语。故选A。14.细节理解题。根据文中“Thistoycanstillflyupintheair.”可知，Joe的玩具现在还能用。故选C。15.推理判断题。根据文中“MyparentsoftenarguedandnevercaredaboutmeandmybrotherSam.”可推理出，May家至少有四口人。故选B。DoyouknowAI?It’stheshortformofartificialintelligence(人工智能).Withtheprogress(进步)ofAI,ourlifeisbecomingeasierandeasier.AIhaslotsofgoodpoints.Theyareveryusefultopeople.First,AIcanhelphumanstododangerousworksoitcanpreventpeoplefromdanger.Second,AIcanalsohelpustodoboringwork.Andwecanhavemorefreetimetodowhatwelovetodo.Weareproductive(富有成效的)onlyabout3to4hoursinaday.Wealsoneedbreaksafterwork.ButAIcanworkwithoutbreaks.AIcanalsochangeotherlanguagesintoChinesesothatwecantravelaroundtheworldandtalkwithpeoplefromothercountrieswithoutlearningthelanguagesoftheircountries.Third,itcanmakefewermistakesandhavebetteraccuracy(精确).Anexampleofitistheuseofroboticsurgerysystems(机器人手术系统),loweringtherisksofhumanmistakesandimprovingpatients’safetyinhealthcare.However,AIalsohassomedisadvantages.MakingAIneedsbigcosts.ManypeoplewilllosetheirjobsbecauseofAI.AIismakinghumanslazierandlazier.Inshort,AImakeshumanprogressandourlifecanbemuchmorecolorfulwithAI.16.Howlongarehumansproductiveinadayaccordingtothetext?A.Only1hour. B.Morethan8hours.C.About10hours. D.About3to4hours.17.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytellus?A.AIcanhelphumansdomuchworkwithoutabreak.B.Weneedtolearnnewlanguagesifwetraveltoothercountries.C.AIcanhelphumansfinishtheworkinthreetofourhours.D.AIisproductivewhilehumansaren’t.18.Whatkindofexampledoesthewriteruseaboutmakingfewermistakesandhavingbetteraccuracy?A.Roboticsurgerysystems. B.Languagelearning.C.Doingboringwork. D.Travelingaroundtheworld.19.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph5?A.AIcostslessmoney. B.AIalsohasdisadvantages.C.Manypeoplewillfindjobs. D.Peoplewillbelessuseful.20.What’sthewriter’sattitude(态度)towardsAI?A.Disappointed. B.Negative(消极的). C.Hopeful. D.Worried.【答案】16.D17.A18.A19.B20.C【解析】本文介绍了人工智能（AI）的优点和缺点，但总的来说，AI促进了人类进步，使我们的生活更加丰富多彩。16.细节理解题。根据“Weareproductive(富有成效的)onlyabout3to4hoursinaday.”可知，人类一天只有3到4个小时是有效率的。故选D。17.主旨大意题。通读第三段并根据“AIcanalsohelpustodoboringwork.”以及“ButAIcanworkwithoutbreaks.”可知，第三段主要讲了人工智能可以帮助人类不间断地做很多工作。故选A。18.细节理解题。根据“Third,itcanmakefewermistakesandhavebetteraccuracy(精确).Anexampleofitistheuseofroboticsurgerysystems”可知，作者举了机器人手术系统的例子来说明人工智能的精准。故选A。19.主旨大意题。通读第五段并根据“However,AIalsohassomedisadvantages.”可知，第五段主要讲述了人工智能的一些缺点。故选B。20.观点态度题。根据“Inshort,AImakeshumanprogressandourlifecanbemuchmorecolorfulwithAI.”可知，作者认为人工智能使人类进步，有了人工智能，我们的生活可以更加丰富多彩。由此可知作者对于人工智能是充满希望的。故选C。（25·甘肃酒泉二模试题）Who’sthecoolestkidintraditionalChinesefolkstories?ManypeoplewouldsayNeZha.Duringthisyear’sSpringFestival,theChinesecartoonmovieNeZha2wonpeople’shearts.PeopleloveditsomuchthatitmademoremoneythananyothermovieinChinesehistory.Italsobecameabigculturalcelebration.Herearesomehottalkingpointsaboutthismovie.WhydoesTaiyiZhenrenuselotusroots(莲藕)torebuildNeZha’sbody?Theuseoflotusrootsisspecial.Lotusrootsareverystrong.Theycangrowupto1meterwithoutbreaking.AsthefamousChinesesayinggoes.“Lotusgrowsoutofthemud(淤泥)unstained.”ThelotusshowsNeZha’spowertofightagainstbadthings.Soitisagoodchoiceformakinghisbodyagain.▲Inthemovie,TaiyiZhenren’sSichuandialect(方言)makespeoplelaugh.“HelivesattheQianyuanMountaininJiangyou,SichuanProvince.Soit’snormalforhimtospeaktheSichuandialectinthefilm.”saidZhangJiaming,thevoiceactorforTaiyiZhenren阅读以上材料，根据其内容回答其后各个小题。52.WhatcanwelearnaboutNeZha2accordingtoParagraph1?A.Onlykidslikeit.B.It’sasoapopera.C.It’sfromatraditionalChinesefolkstory.D.Ithasmademoremoneythananyothermovieintheworld.53.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unstained”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Strong. B.Uncleaned. C.Fast. D.Notinfluencedbybadthings.54.Whichsentencecanbeputin________?A.WhoisthevoiceactorforTaiyiZhenren?B.WhydoesNeZha2winsomanypeople’shearts?C.WhydoesTaiyiZhenrenspeaktheSichuandialect?D.WhydoesNeZha2becomeabigculturalcelebration?55.What’sthebesttitleforthispassage?A.NeZhaandHisFriend.B.NeZha2MakesCultureEvenCooler.C.AncientChineseStoriesaboutLotusRoots.D.NeZha2MakesUsKnowMoreaboutSichuan.56.Thepassageisprobably________.A.aletter B.apoem C.anovel D.anewsreport【答案】52.C53.D54.C55.B56.D【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了中国动画电影《哪吒2》在春节期间的巨大成功及其文化意义，包括电影中莲藕象征的深层含义、角色方言设计的合理性等热点话题。52.细节理解题。根据文章第1段“ManypeoplewouldsayNeZha...theChinesecartoonmovieNeZha2wonpeople’shearts”和“itmademoremoneythananyothermovieinChinesehistory”可知，《哪吒2》改编自中国传统民间故事，且创下中国电影票房纪录，但未提及是全球纪录或仅受儿童喜爱。故选C。53.词句猜测题。根据文章第2段“Lotusgrowsoutofthemudunstained”及后文“ThelotusshowsNeZha’spowertofightagainstbadthings”可知，“unstained”与“出淤泥而不染”对应，强调莲花虽生长于淤泥但不受污染，象征哪吒抵御恶势力的能力。A项“强壮”、B项“未清洁”、C项“快速”均不符语境。故选D。54.推理判断题。空缺处后文提到“TaiyiZhenren’sSichuandialectmakespeoplelaugh”并引用配音演员解释“他在四川江油乾元山修行，说四川方言很合理”，因此填入的问题应与方言使用原因相关。A项询问配音演员是谁，偏离主题；B、D项讨论电影成功或文化庆典原因，与段落内容无关。故选C。55.最佳标题题。全文围绕《哪吒2》的文化影响力展开：票房成功、莲藕的文化象征、方言设计体现地域文化。A项“哪吒与朋友”未提及；C项“莲藕的古代故事”片面；D项“让观众了解四川”过度缩小范围。B项“《哪吒2》让文化更酷”涵盖电影与文化结合的核心理念，最适合做本文的标题。故选B。56.推理判断题。文章以热点电影为切入点，结合文化符号分析和主创采访，呈现客观事实与大众反响，符合新闻报道特征。A项“信件”、B项“诗歌”、C项“小说”均不符合文体风格。故选D。（24·甘肃中考试题）阅读以上材料，根据其内容回答其后各个小题。46.WhocanjointheUpcycleCompetition?A.Aboywhoiseightyearsold.B.Agroupwhichhasfiveteenagers.C.Afamilyofparentsandtwokids.D.Ateamthathasthree12-year-olds.47.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutthecompetition?A.Onecansendhiscompetitioninformationafter25July2024.B.Thebestcreations’photoswillbeputonwww.earthhelper.co/upcycle.C.Ifyourteamwinsthesecondplace,youcanget600dollars.D.Youcansendemailtohi@earthhelper.cotoknowmorerequirements.48.Whatisthemainpurposeofshowingthedifferencesofrecyclingandupcycling?A.Tomakesurethatreadersknowwhattheyneedtocreateforthecompetition.B.Tohelpreaderschoosethebetterwaytosavetheearth.C.Totellthereaderstothinkwiselybeforedecidingtoenterthecompetition.D.Toletthereadersdomoreupcyclingactivities.49.Whichofthefollowingpictureshouldbeputinthe

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?A. B. C. D.50.Howarerecyclingandupcyclinggoodfortheenvironment?A.Newproductsarecreatedoutofoldones.B.Peoplewillmakemoreusefulproducts.C.Morespaceontheearthwillbefreed.D.Therewillbelessharmfulgreenhousegas.【答案】46.D47.B48.A49.C50.D【解析】，文章介绍了一项物品升级改造竞赛。通过回收利用或升级改造可以帮助我们保护地球环境。46.细节理解题。根据“Whocanenterthecompetition?Ages9-15Youshouldcreateateam(≤4membersinateam)”可知，参赛人员的年龄是9-15岁，且小于等于4名成员组队参加。故一个有三名12岁的组可以参赛。故选D。47.细节理解题。根据“Photosofwinners’creationswillbeputonwww.earthhelper.co/upcyclc.”可知，最佳作品的照片将发布在www.earthhelper.co/upcycle上。故选B。48.推理判断题。通读“RECYCLINGVS.UPCYCLING”部分内容可知，文章介绍了回收利用以及升级改造两种不同方式的制作流程以及最终成品的概念，目的是为了让读者知道他们需要为竞赛创造什么。故选A。49.推理判断题。根据“creationofproductwithnewpurpose&greatervalue!”可知，升级改造的目的是创造具有新目的和更大价值的产品。C选项中的具有多种功能的箱子比起初的硬纸板具有新目的及更大价值，故此处应填入C选项中的图片。故选C。50.推理判断题。根据“ItalsohelpstostopbadairthatmakestheEarthtoohot.”可知，回收利用以及升级改造可以阻止产生使地球“发热”的坏空气，即会减少有害温室气体的产生。故选D。（24·甘肃兰州市中考试题）Smarthomesarebecomingmoreandmorepopularthesedays.Whatisasmarthome?Asmarthomeisalivingspacewithadvancedtechnology.Itallowsyoutocontroldifferentdevices(装置)inyourhomebyjusttappingonyoursmartphone—whetheryou’reathomeoronyourwaytowork.Smarthomesincludesmartdevicesandsystems,suchaslocks,fridges,bulbs,washingmachines...Youmaywonderhowtheywork.Smartspeakersareusedtoplaymusicoranswerquestionswithvoices.Smartlightingsystemcanbecontrolledremotelyaccordingtoyourschedule.Smartfridgesmightsuggestrecipesandevenorderfoodsyouneed.Allthesedevicesworktogetherasonetomakeyourhomesmarterandyourlifeeasier.Whataretheadvantagesofasmarthome?Firstly,itisconvenient.Youcancontrolyourhomewithsmartphonesorvoices.Secondly,it’shelpfultoavoidtheunnecessarywaste,soitpossiblybenefitstheenvironment.Thirdly,ifanythingunusualhappensaroundyourhome,thesystemsmaybegintoworktoprotectyouandyourhomeimmediately.However,itmaynotbeforeverybody.Smartdevicesaretypicallymoreexpensivethanthetraditionalones.What’smore,smarthomesystemsrelyonconnectivityanddata(数据)collection,soprivacyconcernsmayarise.Eachcoinhastwosides,sodosmarthomes.It’suptoyoutodesignyourownlivingenvironment.21.Whatisasmarthomeaccordingtothepassage?A.Alivingspacewithbulbs. B.Alivingspacewithfridges.C.Alivingspacewithwashingmachines. D.Alivingspacewithadvancedtechnology.22.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inparagraphIreferto?A.Asmarthome. B.Asmartspeaker. C.Asmartsystem. D.Asmartlock.23.Whyaresmarthomesbecomingmoreandmorepopularthesedays?A.Becausetheyfitallthepeople.B.Becausetheymaycollectdataeasily.C.Becausetheyarecheaperthanthetraditionalones.D.Becausetheycanmakeyourlifesafe,convenientandenvironmentallyfriendly.24.Whatisthestructureofthepassage?A. B. C. D.25.Inwhichsectionofawebsitecanyouprobablyreadthepassage?A.Sports. B.Technology. C.Nature. D.Art.【答案】21.D22.A23.D24.C25.B【解析】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了什么是智能家居，以及智能家居的优缺点。21.细节理解题。根据“Whatisasmarthome?Asmarthomeisalivingspacewithadvancedtechnology.”可知，智能家居是一个拥有先进技术的生活空间。故选D。22.推理判断题。根据“Asmarthomeisalivingspacewithadvancedtechnology.Itallowsyoutocontroldifferentdevices(装置)inyourhomebyjusttappingonyoursmartphone…”可知，智能生活家居允许你只要轻点智能手机，就可以控制家里的不同设备，划线部分It指代前文中提到的Asmarthome。故选A。23.细节理解题。根据“Firstly,itisconvenient…Secondly…soitpossiblybenefitstheenvironment.Thirdly…thesystemsmaybegintoworktoprotectyouandyourhomeimmediately”可知，智能家居现在越来越受欢迎的原因是：它能让人们的生活更方便、环保、安全。故选D。24.篇章结构题。通读文章可知，文章第一段总起全文，介绍文章主题：智能家居；第二、三、四段分别介绍了智能家居的优势、劣势；最后一段总结全文，点明智能家居的两面性。故选C。25.推理判断题。本文主要介绍了智能家居的相关知识，属于“科学技术”范畴，故在“技术”版块可看到此文章。故选B。（23·甘肃中考试题）PencilsandPensNooneknowswhoinventedpencilsorwhenithappened.ASwissdescribedapencilinabookin1565.Hesaiditwasapieceofwoodwithleadinsideit.(Leadisaveryheavy,soft,darkgraymetal.)Pencilsweren’tpopular,andpeoplecontinuedtowritewithpens.Theyusedbirdfeathersaspens.Then,in1795,someonestartedmakingpencilsfromgraphite(石墨),andtheybecameverypopular.Onepencilcanwrite50,000Englishwordsormakealine55kilometerslong.Peoplewrotewithfeatherpensandthenusedpenswithmetalpoints.Theyhadtodip(蘸)thepointintoinkaftereveryfewletters.Next,someoneinventedafountainpenthatcouldholdinkinsideit.Afountainpencanwriteseveralpagesbeforeyouhavetofillitagain.TwoHungarianbrothers,LadislaoandGeorgBiro,inventedtheballpointpen.Englishpilotslikedthepens.Theycouldn’twritewithfountainpensinairplanesbecausetheinkleakedout.Later,aFrenchcompanycalledBicboughttheBiros’company.Somepeoplecallballpointpens“Bics.”Australianscallthem“Biros.”Whateverwecallthem,weusethemeveryday.阅读以上材料，根据其内容回答其后各个小题。41.A________describedapencilin1565.A.Canadian B.German C.Swiss D.Japanese42.Thefirstpenswere________.A.feathers B.stone C.graphite D.wooden43.Onepencilcanwrite________Englishwords.A.1,795 B.50,000 C.55 D.1,94344.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Afountainpencanholdinkinsideit.B.Ballpointpenaregoodforwritinginairplanes.C.Fountainpensmayleakink.D.Biros’companyboughtBic.45.What’sthemainideaofthispassage?A.Weusepensandpencilseveryday.B.Thereweremanykindsofpensbeforeballpointpens.C.Pensandpencilsareveryusefulinventions.D.Penswereinventedearlierthanpencils.【答案】41.C42.A43.B44.D45.C【解析】本文主要介绍了钢笔和铅笔的发展历史。41.细节理解题。根据“ASwissdescribedapencilinabookin1565”可知，一位瑞士人在1565年的一本书中描述了铅笔，故选C。42.细节理解题。根据“Theyusedbirdfeathersaspens”可知，最早是用鸟的羽毛作笔，故选A。43.细节理解题。根据“Onepencilcanwrite50,000Englishwordsormakealine55kilometerslong”可知，一支铅笔可以写5万个英语单词，故选B。44.推理判断题。根据“Later,aFrenchcompanycalledBicboughttheBiros’company.”可知，一家名为Bic的法国公司收购了Biros的公司，D表述错误，故选D。45.主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了钢笔和铅笔这两种发明的发展历史，故选C。（23·甘肃兰州市中考试题）Thereisagreatneedtosearchforcleanandrenewable(可再生的)energytomeetourneeds.Itseemsthatwindenergyisagoodch