山东省临沂市2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省临沂市2025-2026学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWalkaroundmostlargemetropolitancitiesandyou’dbeforgivenforthinkingthatwe’relivinginabravenewworldofaffordableandeffortlessmobilityforall,withthesmartphoneinyourpocketgivingaccesstosharedmobilityservices.Butitseemsmoredifficultforthedisabledorelderly,andthoselivinginalow-incomeareaorthosewithoutasmartphoneorcreditcard.A2023U.S.studyshowedthatwhiteAmericanshaveaccesstoalmostthreetimesasmanycarsharelocationsandtwotimesasmanybikesharelocationswithinahalf-mileareaasAfricanAmericans.Whengettingridesfromtheirhome,AfricanAmericansalsowaitupto22percentlongerfortheridetoarrive.Butevenwheneffortsaremadetoexpandservicestounderservedareasofacity,otherhurdlespersist.Afifthoflow-incomeAmericansstilldon’thaveasmartphoneandalmostaquarterdon’thaveabankaccount.A2022surveyinPhiladelphia,ChicagoandBrooklynshowedthatlow-incomepeopleofcolorarejustasinterestedinbikesharingasothergroups,butlesslikelytousesuchasystem.Thankfully,totackletheseongoingissues,variousinitiativesandprojectsarefindingcreativesolutionstoreachunderservedcommunities.Herearesomeexamples.·U.S.Low-IncomeSubsidyPrograms:LaunchedbyahandfulofU.S.citiestoboostsharedmobilityuseandcutpersonalvehiclerelianceamonglow-incomegroups.·U.S.Bike&E-ScooterShareAdjustments:70%ofnearly250programs(2024survey)adoptedmeasuresforunderservedgroups,includingcashpaymentandnon-smartphoneoptions.·Austria’sGrazTimCarsharing:City-runservicewithapp,email,andphonebooking;addedwheelchair-friendlyvehiclesandfreeonrequestchildseatsforwomenandfamilies.·Women-CentricTweaks:ProposedbyMosshammer,includinge-scooterhandledesignsforsmallerhands,familyaccounts,cheaperfaresfortravelbreaks,freehelmets,andSOSbuttonsonbikesore-scooterstoaddresssafetyconcerns.1.Whatdoesthe2023U.S.studyindicate?A.Low-incomeareaspossessmorecarsharelocations.B.Inequalitiesexistinaccessingsharedmobilityservices.C.WhiteAmericanridersexperiencelongerwaitingtimes.D.SharedmobilityservicesarenowequalforallAmericans.2.Whatcanweknowaboutlow-incomeAmericansinthepassage?A.Theyshownointerestinbikesharing.B.Theyallusecashforsharedservices.C.Theyfacebarriersinusingsharedmobility.D.Theymostlylacksmartphonesandbankaccounts.3.Whichprogramisbeneficialforpeoplewithchildren?A.Austria’sGrazTimCarsharing.B.U.S.Low-IncomeSubsidyPrograms.C.Mosshammer’sWomen-CentricTweaks.D.U.S.Bike&E-ScooterShareAdjustments.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章讨论了共享出行服务在不同群体中的不平等现象，指出残疾人、老年人、低收入人群以及没有智能手机或信用卡的人在获取这些服务时面临困难，最后列举了一些旨在解决这些问题的创新项目和倡议。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“A2023U.S.studyshowedthatwhiteAmericanshaveaccesstoalmostthreetimesasmanycarsharelocationsandtwotimesasmanybikesharelocationswithinahalf-mileareaasAfricanAmericans.Whengettingridesfromtheirhome,AfricanAmericansalsowaitupto22percentlongerfortheridetoarrive.(美国2023年的一项研究显示，在半英里范围内，白人可以使用的共享汽车地点几乎是非洲裔美国人的三倍，自行车地点是非洲裔美国人的两倍。当从家里坐车时，非裔美国人的等待时间最长可达22%)”可知，这项研究表明在获取共享出行服务方面存在不平等现象，故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“A2022surveyinPhiladelphia,ChicagoandBrooklynshowedthatlow-incomepeopleofcolorarejustasinterestedinbikesharingasothergroups,butlesslikelytousesuchasystem.(2022年在费城、芝加哥和布鲁克林进行的一项调查显示，低收入有色人种和其他群体一样对共享单车感兴趣，但使用这种系统的可能性更小)”可知，美国低收入人群在使用共享交通工具方面面临障碍，故选C。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Austria’sGrazTimCarsharing:City-runservicewithapp,email,andphonebooking;addedwheelchair-friendlyvehiclesandfreeonRequestchildseatsforwomenandfamilies.(奥地利的格拉茨TimCarsharing：城市运营的应用程序、电子邮件和电话预订服务；增加了轮椅友好型车辆，并为妇女和家庭按需免费提供儿童座椅)”可知，该项目提供了“按需免费儿童座椅”，这对有孩子的家庭直接有益。故选A。BSnakesarefascinatingyetdeadlycreatures,withsnakebitescausing80,000-100,000deathsand300,000disabilitiesworldwideannually.Aboutone-thirdofadultssufferfromophidiophobia—afearofsnakes.However,thiswidespreadfearisn’tanissueforTimFriede,whohasspenttwodecadesvoluntarilylettinghundredsofdeadlypoisonoussnakesbitehim.Andlikesecretspieswhobuildimmunitytopoisonsthroughlong-termexposure,Friedeisnoweffectivelyimmunetoavarietyofsnakes.Recently,anewstudypublishedinCelldetailsanantivenom(抗蛇毒血清)developedfromFriede’suniqueantibodies.Whatwasexcitingaboutthedonorwashisonce-in-a-lifetimeuniqueimmunehistory,JacobGlanville,theleadauthorandtheCEOofthebiotechcompanyCentivax,saidinanewsrelease.“Notonlydidhepotentiallycreatethesebroadantibodies,butthiscouldgiverisetoauniversalantivenom.”Friede’sprocesswassystematicbutrisky:First,heextractssnakevenomandinjectsitintohisbody,graduallyincreasingthedosagetoallowhisbodytodevelopantitoxinantibodies.Oncesufficientlyimmune,heletssnakesbitehimdirectlytotesthisimmunity.Thisdidn’talwaysgoaccordingtoplan,likethetimewhentwinbitesfromanEgyptiancobraandamonocledcobrasenthimtothehospitalandlefthimunconsciousforfourdays.“It’salwayspainful,”FriedetoldScienceNews.Wasitamistake?Yes.Stupid?Yes.Buthis“mistakes”mayhelpmillions.Scientistsdevelopedanantivenomcocktailthatcandecreasethedeadlyeffectsofsomeoftheworld’smostdangeroussnakesfromhisantibodiesmixedwithatoxin-blockingdrug.Testsonmiceshoweditfullyprotectedagainst13snakespeciesandpartiallyagainst6more,offeringhopeforsnakebitevictims.TheteamplanstofirsttestthetreatmentondogsinAustraliaandexpandtoviperbites.“We’renowadvancingreagents(试剂)throughanrepeatedprocesstodeterminetheminimumeffectivecocktailforbroadprotectionagainstvipervenom.”PeterKwong,aleadauthorfromColumbiaUniversity,saidinapressstatement.Snakesstillbroadlyinspirefearinmostofus,butwiththehelpofbraveophiophilistslikeFriede,maybetheworldcanonedaybegintoalsolovetheamazingcreaturesattachedtothosedeadlybites.4.HowdidFriedegetuniqueantibodies?A.Byreceivingregularantivenominjections.B.Bybeingbittenbydeadlysnakesintentionally.C.Bytakingpoison-blockingmedicineregularly.D.Byextractingantibodiesfromotherophiophilists.5.Whichstatementabouttheantivenomcocktailissupportedbythepassage?A.Itoffersfullprotectionagainst19snakespecies.B.Itdependsonlyonnaturalantibodiestoresistvenom.C.IthasbeentestedsuccessfullyonhumansinAustralia.D.Itmakesuseofantibodiesfromasnake-immunevolunteer.6.Whatdoesthelastparagraphsuggestabouthuman-snakerelations?A.Attitudetowardssnakesmaysoften. B.Fearofsnakeswillneverfade.C.Ophiophilistshelpfightsnakebites. D.Coexistencewithsnakesisimpossible.7.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Tocomparevarioustypesofvenomoussnakes.B.TocriticizeFriede’sriskyself-experimentationpractices.C.Towarnreadersofthelife-threateningrisksofsnakebites.D.Topresentapromisingbreakthroughinantivenomresearch.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了蒂姆・弗里德自愿让毒蛇咬伤以产生抗体，科学家据此研发出抗蛇毒鸡尾酒，对多种毒蛇有效，为蛇咬伤受害者带来希望。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“However,thiswidespreadfearisn’tanissueforTimFriede,whohasspenttwodecadesvoluntarilylettinghundredsofdeadlypoisonoussnakesbitehim.Andlikesecretspieswhobuildimmunitytopoisonsthroughlong-termexposure,Friedeisnoweffectivelyimmunetoavarietyofsnakes.Recently,anewstudypublishedinCelldetailsanantivenom(抗蛇毒血清)developedfromFriede’suniqueantibodies.(然而，这种普遍的恐惧对蒂姆·弗里德来说并不是问题，他花了20年的时间自愿让数百条致命的毒蛇咬他。就像秘密间谍通过长期接触毒物而建立对毒物的免疫力一样，弗里德现在对各种蛇都有效地免疫了。最近，发表在《细胞》杂志上的一项新研究详细介绍了一种从弗里德独特的抗体中开发出来的抗蛇毒血清)”可知，弗里德是通过有意地被毒蛇咬伤得到独特抗体的。故选B项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第六段中“Buthis“mistakes”mayhelpmillions.Scientistsdevelopedanantivenomcocktailthatcandecreasethedeadlyeffectsofsomeoftheworld’smostdangeroussnakesfromhisantibodiesmixedwithatoxin-blockingdrug.(但他的“错误”可能会帮助数百万人。科学家将他的抗体与一种毒素阻断药物混合，开发出一种抗蛇毒鸡尾酒，可以减少世界上一些最危险的蛇的致命影响)”可知，科学家利用弗里德的独特抗体，混合毒素阻断药物研发出抗蛇毒鸡尾酒，而弗里德是自愿接触蛇毒、获得免疫力的志愿者。故选D项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Snakesstillbroadlyinspirefearinmostofus,butwiththehelpofbraveophiophilistslikeFriede,maybetheworldcanonedaybegintoalsolovetheamazingcreaturesattachedtothosedeadlybites.(蛇仍然让我们大多数人感到恐惧，但在弗里德等勇敢的蛇类爱好者的帮助下，也许有一天，这个世界也会开始爱上这种附着在致命咬伤上的神奇生物)”可知，大多数人仍惧怕蛇，但在弗里德等勇敢的蛇类爱好者帮助下，或许有一天世界会开始喜爱这些有着致命毒液的神奇生物。由此推知，人类对蛇的态度可能会缓和。故选A项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第二段中“Recently,anewstudypublishedinCelldetailsanantivenom(抗蛇毒血清)developedfromFriede’suniqueantibodies.(最近，发表在《细胞》杂志上的一项新研究详细介绍了从弗里德独特的抗体中开发出的抗蛇毒血清)”可知，文章围绕弗里德的独特抗体展开，重点介绍科学家据此研发出广谱抗蛇毒鸡尾酒，以及该研究的进展和前景，核心是呈现抗蛇毒研究的重大突破。由此推知，文章的主要目的是展示抗蛇毒血清研究的一个有希望的突破。故选D项。CYoumayhaveseenthis:Asaneventbegins,somebodytakesthemicrophoneandlistsofftheNativeAmericantribeswhoonceinhabitedtheplacewheretheeventisheld.Such“landacknowledgments”havebecomecommonpracticeoverthepastdecade,atuniversityceremonies,rockconcerts,andeventheAcademyAwards.Theideaisthatrecognizingtheseformerinhabitantsbynameremindsusthattheywerehereandhelpstoimprovehistoricalinjustice.Butaretheyausefulpracticeforsociety,orjustemptysignals?Youcan’trightawronguntilyouadmitit.BehindeachlandacknowledgementisarecognitionthatcitiesandtownsacrosstheUnitedStatesoccupylandthatwasonceinhabitedbyotherpeoples.Thetroubledhistoryofhowthiscametobeso,andtheoftenterribleimplicationsforthosewhowereherebefore,isimplicit.Landacknowledgementsencourageustolookbackwithempathyandreflection,sharingasocietalnarrativethatishonestandbendstowardjustice.Thissimplepractice,whichcostsnothingandrequiresnospecialtraining,canchallengeustothinkmorecriticallyaboutourownhistories.It’sonlyfairthatwepracticeseeingthoseeventsthroughtheperspectivesofallparticipantsandunderstandingtheirexperiencesaswell.Andnamingthemmakesthathistorymorevisible.However,landacknowledgementsareasvainastheyoftenfeel.Theliveswelivetodayarebuiltontheresultsofdecisionsmade,actionstaken,successesachievedandlossessufferedbythosewhocamebeforeus.Evenforthosewhodon’tliketheoutcome,thereislittlewecandotochangeit.Furthermore,thepracticeoffersnosolutions.“Alandacknowledgementiswhatyougivewhenyouhavenointentionofgivingland,”GraemeWoodwritesinTheAtlantic.“It’slikeareceiptprovidedbyahighwayrobber,notingallthejewelsandgoldcoinshehasstolen.”Inreality,landacknowledgementsareaperformativeactmoreforthebenefitofthespeakerthanforthepeoplesbeingspokenfor.Specifically,landacknowledgements“becomeanexcuseforfolkstofeelgoodandmoveonwiththeirlives,”notestheNativeGovernanceCenter,withoutactuallycontributinganythingtothecommunity.8.WhydoestheauthordescribethesceneatthebeginningofParagraph1?A.Toillustratethewideapplicationofapractice.B.Toshowthehighpopularityofasocialactivity.C.Tointroducethediscussionaboutasocialphenomenon.D.Tostressthenecessityofcorrectinghistoricalmistakes.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“implicit”inParagraph2mean?A.Stated. B.Forgetten. C.Unspoken. D.Complicated.10.WhatisGraemeWood’sattitudetowardslandacknowledges?A.Ironic(讽刺的)andcritical. B.Supportiveandapproving.C.Cautiousandobjective. D.Doubtfulanddismissive.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ANewPerspectiveonNativeAmericanTribesB.LandAcknowledgments:MeaningfulorMeaningless?C.TheHistoricalInjusticebehindLandAcknowledgmentsD.TheRiseofLandAcknowledgments:FromOscarstoCampuses【答案】8.C9.C10.A11.B【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。主要讨论了“土地致谢”在各类活动中日益普遍，有人认为其能促使人们反思历史不公、彰显历史，也有人批评它空洞无实、无实际解决方案，仅为表演性行为。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Such“landacknowledgments”havebecomecommonpracticeoverthepastdecade,atuniversityceremonies,rockconcerts,andeventheAcademyAwards.Theideaisthatrecognizingtheseformerinhabitantsbynameremindsusthattheywerehereandhelpstoimprovehistoricalinjustice.Butaretheyausefulpracticeforsociety,orjustemptysignals?(在过去的十年中，这样的“土地致谢”已经成为一种普遍的做法，在大学典礼、摇滚音乐会，甚至是奥斯卡颁奖典礼上。我们的想法是，通过名字来认识这些前居民，提醒我们他们曾经在这里，并有助于改善历史上的不公正。但它们对社会是有益的实践，还是只是空洞的信号？)”可知，开篇描述“活动开场时提及原住民部落”的场景，随后点明这是“土地致谢”实践，紧接着提出核心疑问“这一做法对社会有用，还是仅为空洞信号”。由此可推知，作者描述第一段开头的场景是为了引入关于一种社会现象的讨论。故选C项。【9题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Youcan’trightawronguntilyouadmitit.BehindeachlandacknowledgementisarecognitionthatcitiesandtownsacrosstheUnitedStatesoccupylandthatwasonceinhabitedbyotherpeoples.(除非你承认错误，否则你无法纠正错误。在每一个“土地致谢”的背后，都是承认美国各地的城镇占据了曾经被其他民族居住的土地。)”以及划线单词句中“Thetroubledhistoryofhowthiscametobeso,andtheoftenterribleimplicationsforthosewhowereherebefore,is….(关于这种情况如何发生的混乱历史，以及对之前在这里的人的可怕影响，都是……。)”可知，虽然土地致谢背后表达了对“土地曾属于他人”的认可，但并未承认错误，这段历史的“问题本质及对原住民的可怕影响”并未直接说出，是“隐含的”。由此可知，划线单词implicit为“隐含的”的意思，和C选项Unspoken“不言而喻的”意思相近。故选C项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中““Alandacknowledgementiswhatyougivewhenyouhavenointentionofgivingland,”GraemeWoodwritesinTheAtlantic.“It’slikeareceiptprovidedbyahighwayrobber,notingallthejewelsandgoldcoinshehasstolen.”(格雷姆·伍德（GraemeWood）在《大西洋月刊》（TheAtlantic）上写道：“当你无意出让土地时，你就会给予承认。”“这就像公路抢劫犯提供的收据，上面写着他偷了多少珠宝和金币。”)”可推知，格雷姆·伍德将土地致谢比作“强盗提供的收据”，暗指其“只承认侵占，却不归还土地”，用讽刺的比喻表达强烈批判态度。故选A项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段中“Theideaisthatrecognizingtheseformerinhabitantsbynameremindsusthattheywerehereandhelpstoimprovehistoricalinjustice.Butaretheyausefulpracticeforsociety,orjustemptysignals?(我们的想法是，通过名字来认识这些前居民，提醒我们他们曾经在这里，并有助于改善历史上的不公正。但它们对社会是有益的实践，还是只是空洞的信号？)”可知，文章开篇引入“土地致谢”现象，随后分别阐述支持方（有意义，促进反思、承认历史）和反对方（无意义，空洞、无实际行动）的观点，核心围绕“该做法是否有价值”展开。由此可知，文章的最佳标题是“土地致谢：有意义还是没有意义？”。故选B项。DThetinywormCaenorhabditiseleganshasabrainjustaboutthewidthofahumanhair,yetitcancoordinateandcalculatecomplexmovementsasithuntsforfood.DanielaRus,acomputerscientistatMIT,wassodeeplyimpressedbytheeleganceandefficiencyofthisworm’sbrainthatsheco-foundedacompany,LiquidAI,tobuildanewtypeofartificialintelligence.ManyresearchersincludingRusthinkmakingtraditionalAImorebrainlikecouldcreateflexibleandperhapssmartertechnology.“ToimproveAItruly,weneedtoabsorbinsightsfromneuroscience(神经科学),”saysKanakaRajan,acomputationalneuroscientistatHarvardUniversity.MikeDavies,whodirectstheNeuromorphicComputingLab,notessuchtechnologywon’tfullyreplaceordinarycomputersortraditionalAImodels—instead,manysystemswillcoexistinthefuture.Imitatingbrainsisnotanewidea.Inthe1950s,FrankRosenblattcreatedtheperceptron,ahighlysimplifiedmodelofbrainnervecellcommunicationwithasinglelayerofconnectedartificialneurons.Thisbasicdesignlaterhelpedinspiredeeplearning.Yetconsumingvastamountsofdataandenergy,mosttoday’sAImodelsareunabletoadapteasilytonewsituationsorlearnfromsingleexperienceslikeabrain,andarecriticizedas“bruteforceandinefficient.”Currently,AIdevelopmenthastwopaths—“scale-up”vs.“efficiency-focused”—withanuncertainfuturewhilebrain-inspiredneuromorphiccomputingprogresshasn’tjoinedmainstreamAI.Inspiredbytheworm,RusworkedwithRaminHasani’steamtocreateliquidneuralnetworks.Unliketraditionaldeeplearningwithfixedpost-trainingsettings,thesenetworksaremoreflexibleandcanlearnlikelivingthings.Bycopyingwormneuronswithmathematicalformulasandsolvingcomputingproblems,theycanworkinrealtime.Testsshowedwithjust34artificialneuronsasmallliquidnetworkworkedbetterthanatraditionalAIwith250,000settingsindronetasks.LiquidAIhasworkedwithDARPAtotestaircraftmodelsandlaunchedthe7-billion-settingLFM-7B,whichperformsbetterthansimilartraditionallanguagemodels.Thoughneedingmuchcomputingpowerandnotnecessarilymoreenergy-saving,liquidneuralnetworksareanimportantsteptowardrealistic,brain-likeAI.AsRussays,“I’mexcitedaboutLiquidAIbecauseIbelieveitcouldchangethefutureofAIandcomputing.”12.WhatmainlyinspiredDanielaRustoestablishLiquidAI?A.ThelimitationsoftraditionalAImodels.B.Theefficiencyofthetinyworm’sbrain.C.Theworm’scooperativefood-huntingskills.D.Thepursuitofmoreflexibleandsmartertechnology.13.WhatdoesMikeDaviessuggestaboutfutureAIdevelopment?A.Brain-liketechnologyhaslittlepracticalvalue.B.NeuromorphiccomputingwilldominatetheAIfield.C.DifferentAIsystemsmayworktogetherinthefuture.D.TraditionalAImodelswillbecompletelyabandoned.14.Whatmakesliquidneuralnetworksspecial?A.Theyhavefixedsettingsaftertraining.B.Theydependonfewmathematicalformulas.C.TheyworkworsethantraditionalAIintasks.D.Theycanlearnflexiblylikelivingcreatures.15.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.LiquidAIhasbothlimitsandvalue.B.Brain-likeAIhasbeenfullyachieved.C.TraditionalAIismorereliablethanliquidAI.D.LiquidAIwilldefinitelycontroltheAImarket.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍受线虫大脑启发，研究人员研发出液态神经网络这一新型人工智能，阐述其优势、特点，同时提及传统人工智能的局限及未来AI发展趋势。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“DanielaRus,acomputerscientistatMIT,wassodeeplyimpressedbytheeleganceandefficiencyofthisworm’sbrainthatsheco-foundedacompany,LiquidAI,tobuildanewtypeofartificialintelligence.(麻省理工学院的计算机科学家丹妮拉·鲁斯被这种线虫大脑的精巧和高效深深打动，于是与人共同创办了LiquidAI公司，旨在研发一种新型人工智能。)”可知，线虫大脑的高效是丹妮拉·鲁斯创办LiquidAI的主要灵感来源。故选B项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“MikeDavies,whodirectstheNeuromorphicComputingLab,notessuchtechnologywon’tfullyreplaceordinarycomputersortraditionalAImodels—instead,manysystemswillcoexistinthefuture.(神经形态计算实验室主任迈克·戴维斯指出，这种技术不会完全取代普通计算机或传统人工智能模型——相反，未来多种系统将共存。)”可知，迈克·戴维斯认为未来不同的人工智能系统可能会协同工作。故选C项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Inspiredbytheworm,RusworkedwithRaminHasani’steamtocreateliquidneuralnetworks.

Unliketraditionaldeeplearningwithfixedpost-trainingsettings,thesenetworksaremoreflexibleandcanlearnlikelivingthings.(受到蠕虫的启发，鲁斯与拉明·哈萨尼的团队合作创建了液体神经网络。与训练后设置固定的传统深度学习不同，这些网络更灵活，能够像生物一样学习。)”可知，液态神经网络的特别之处在于它们能像生物一样灵活学习。故选D项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“Thoughneedingmuchcomputingpowerandnotnecessarilymoreenergy-saving,liquidneuralnetworksareanimportantsteptowardrealistic,brain-likeAI.(尽管需要大量计算能力，且不一定更节能，但液态神经网络是迈向逼真、类脑人工智能的重要一步。)”可知，该段既提到了液态神经网络的局限性，也指出了其价值，即液态AI既有局限也有价值。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。AccordingtoalandmarkstudypublishedtodayinthejournalScience,totalbutterflyabundanceintheU.S.hasdeclinedby22percentacrossallspeciesbetween2000and2020.___16___Peopleshouldbeseeingthisnumberandbeingveryconcerned,notjustaboutbutterflies,butaboutthestateofinsectsingeneral.Across35monitoringprograms,scientistsandvolunteershaveidentified12.6millionbutterfliesfrom554speciesat2,478uniquelocations.Initially,researchersexpectedtoseedeclinesformanyspecies,butthatonceallthedatawasscaleduptocovertheentirenation,theyalsoexpectedtoseeenoughincreasestowashoutthebadnews.___17___“It’skindofanoverwhelmingamountoflossanddecline,”oneoftheresearcherssaid.Thisisawake-upcall.___18___Itisfoundthatmorethan100speciessawdropsgreaterthan50percentoverthetwenty-yeartimespanandthat22specieshavedeclinedmorethan90percent.___19___Butterfliesarenottheonlyinsectsindanger,andtheirdeclinesconnecttobiggerconcerns.Itcouldbebroadlyindicativeoftheoverallbiodiversitycrisis.ItisestimatedthatthreebillionbirdshavebeenlostinNorthAmericasince1970.Whilescientistssaythebutterflylossescanbeattributedtomanyfactors,includinghabitatloss,climatechange,andpesticideuse,therearesomethingsindividualscandotohelpbutterflies.___20___Becauseinsectshaveshortgenerationspans,evenmodestchangestotheenvironment—suchasplantingnativeflowersorcreatinghabitat-canhaveahugeimpactontheincreaseinpopulation.That’soneofthemostoptimisticthings.Butterfliesdohavetheabilitytobounceback,ifpeopleputtheeffortintoconservationactions.A.Unfortunately,thatwasnotthecase.B.Evencommonspeciesareintrouble.C.Suchfindingsarejustthetipoftheiceberg.D.Thesituationreflectsawiderecologicaldisaster.E.Therealitymaybeworsethanthenumberssuggest.F.Thatmeansaboutoneinfivebutterflieshavevanished.G.Creatinginsect-friendlyenvironmentscanyieldrapidbenefits.【答案】16.F17.A18.C19.D20.G【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究显示2000-2020年美国蝴蝶总数降22%，部分物种降幅惊人，这反映广泛生态灾难，而个人打造昆虫友好环境可助其恢复。【16题详析】根据前文“AccordingtoalandmarkstudypublishedtodayinthejournalScience,totalbutterflyabundanceintheU.S.hasdeclinedby22percentacrossallspeciesbetween2000and2020.(根据今天发表在《科学》杂志上的一项具有里程碑意义的研究，2000年至2020年间，美国所有物种的蝴蝶总数下降了22%。)”明确“2000-2020年美国蝴蝶总数量下降22%”，F选项“Thatmeansaboutoneinfivebutterflieshavevanished.(这意味着大约五分之一的蝴蝶已经消失了。)”将抽象百分比转化为“约五分之一蝴蝶消失”的直观表述，既解释了数据含义，又自然承接后文“Peopleshouldbeseeingthisnumberandbeingveryconcerned,(人们应该看到这个数字并非常关注。)”逻辑连贯。故选F项。【17题详析】根据前文“Initially,researchersexpectedtoseedeclinesformanyspecies,butthatonceallthedatawasscaleduptocovertheentirenation,theyalsoexpectedtoseeenoughincreasestowashoutthebadnews.(最初，研究人员预计会看到许多物种的数量下降，但一旦所有数据扩大到覆盖整个国家，他们也预计会看到足够的增长来抵消坏消息。)”提到研究者最初预期“全国范围数据中，部分物种的增长能抵消衰退的坏消息”，后文““It’skindofanoverwhelmingamountoflossanddecline,”oneoftheresearcherssaid.Thisisawake-upcall.(“这是一种压倒性的损失和衰退，”一位研究人员说。这是一个警钟。)”却引用研究者的话强调“损失和衰退令人震惊”。A选项“Unfortunately,thatwasnotthecase.(不幸的是，事实并非如此。)”以“不幸地是，事实并非如此”转折，完美衔接“预期”与“实际结果”的矛盾，推动情节发展。故选A项。【18题详析】根据后文“Itisfoundthatmorethan100speciessawdropsgreaterthan50percentoverthetwenty-yeartimespanandthat22specieshavedeclinedmorethan90percent.(研究发现，在过去的20年里，超过100个物种的数量下降了50%以上，其中22个物种的数量下降了90%以上。)”说明蝴蝶数量下降并非个例，而是更广泛危机的一部分。C选项“Suchfindingsarejustthetipoftheiceberg.(这些发现只是冰山一角。)”恰好引出后文更深层的物种衰退情况，体现问题的严重性。故选C项。【19题详析】根据后文“Butterfliesarenottheonlyinsectsindanger,andtheirdeclinesconnecttobiggerconcerns.Itcouldbebroadlyindicativeoftheoverallbiodiversitycrisis.ItisestimatedthatthreebillionbirdshavebeenlostinNorthAmericasince1970.(蝴蝶并不是唯一处于危险中的昆虫，它们的减少与更大的问题有关。这可以广泛地反映出整个生物多样性危机。据估计，自1970年以来，北美已经失去了30亿只鸟类。)”提到蝴蝶并非唯一濒危昆虫，其减少指向生物多样性危机，北美鸟类也大量减少。D选项“Thesituationreflectsawiderecologicaldisaster.(这种情况反映了更广泛的生态灾难。)”概括了这一核心，将蝴蝶衰退与整体生态危机关联，衔接自然。故选D项。【20题详析】根据前文“Whilescientistssaythebutterflylossescanbeattributedtomanyfactors,includinghabitatloss,climatechange,andpesticideuse,therearesomethingsindividualscandotohelpbutterflies.(虽然科学家们说蝴蝶的减少可以归因于许多因素，包括栖息地的丧失、气候变化和农药的使用，但个人可以做一些事情来帮助蝴蝶。)”提出“个人可采取措施帮助蝴蝶”，后文“Becauseinsectshaveshortgenerationspans,evenmodestchangestotheenvironment—suchasplantingnativeflowersorcreatinghabitat-canhaveahugeimpactontheincreaseinpopulation.(因为昆虫的繁殖周期很短，即使是对环境的轻微改变，如种植本地花卉或创造栖息地，也会对种群的增长产生巨大的影响。)”解释“昆虫繁殖周期短，环境的微小改善就能大幅促进种群增长”。G选项“Creatinginsect-friendlyenvironmentscanyieldrapidbenefits.(创造适合昆虫的环境能快速见效。)”既呼应前文“个人措施”，又为后文的原因解释铺垫，逻辑闭环。故选G项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenDr.NickMondeklearnedhiscancerhadreturnedthisspring,hedidn’tknowthathis10-year-oldsonStephenwouldeventuallybecomehislifesavinghero.Mondek,aLosAngelesfatheroftwo,hadpreviously____21____chemotherapyandastemcelltransplantforacutebloodcancer.HisolderbrotherDavehad____22____hisstemcellstohimin2022.Thistime,insteadMondekturnedto____23____familymembersandtheNationalBoneMarrowRegistry,buthedidn’tfindanysuitable___24___.“ItwassoseriousthatIneededadonorimmediately,buttherewasnoone____25____,”Mondeksaid.Peoplewithacutebloodcancertypicallyneedtreatmentsoonerthanlater,asthecancermay____26____quickly.Doctorsmaytreatthecancerinvariousways,butforMondek,anotherstemcelltransplant____27____beinghislasthopeafterchemotherapyandradiation.“Iwasn’tsureifmysonwouldbetheone,butIdidbringituptomy____28____,”Mondekrecalled.“Coulda9-year-oldwho’sonly70poundspotentiallygetus____29____stemcellstomakethisasuccessfultransplant?”Asadoctorandparent,Mondekdidn’twantStephentofeelobligedor____30____.Hedidn’teventellStephentheyweredowntohimastheirlast____31____.Startingtheconversationwithhisyoungsonwas“nerve-wracking”butultimatelyledtothebest____32____.“Wouldyouconsiderpotentiallygetting____33____toseeifmaybeyoucouldbeadonor?”Mondekasked.Without____34____,Stephen,describedasa“shy”and“quiet”boy,said,Whendowego?DoctorsatCedars-Sinaisuccessfully____35____stemcellsfromStephen,andMondekreceivedhissecondstemcelltransplantonJuly30.Bothfatherandsonarenowoutofthehospital.Mondeksaid,Stephenisdoinggreat.Heismyhero.21.A.developed B.undergone C.tolerated D.prescribed22.A.donated B.submitted C.assigned D.sacrificed23.A.concerned B.extended C.close D.anxious24.A.cure B.measure C.match D.method25.A.dependable B.qualified C.willing D.available26.A.recover B.occur C.transform D.worsen27.A.endedup B.accountedfor C.caredabout D.heldon28.A.physician B.advisor C.colleague D.nurse29.A.healthy B.effective C.enough D.suitable30.A.troubled B.separated C.forced D.occupied31.A.destination B.option C.schedule D.stage32.A.experience B.outcome C.discovery D.treatment33.A.started B.volunteered C.inspired D.tested34.A.hesitation B.preparation C.patience D.negotiation35.A.borrowed B.delivered C.pumped D.extracted【答案】21.B22.A23.B24.C25.D26.D27.A28.A29.C30.C31.B32.B33.D34.A35.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了尼克・蒙德克的癌症复发后找不到合适的干细胞捐赠者，10岁儿子斯蒂芬毫不犹豫同意捐赠。医生成功提取其干细胞完成移植，父子均已出院，儿子成了他的救命英雄。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：蒙德克是两个孩子的父亲，在此之前，他曾因急性血癌接受过化疗和干细胞移植。A.developed发展；B.undergone经历；C.tolerated容忍；D.prescribed开处方。根据前文“Dr.NickMondekl