山东省日照市2025-2026学年高三上学期期中校际联合考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省日照市2025-2026学年高三上学期期中校际联合考试英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASomeofthisyear’scoolestfallfestivalsintheUSareodd.HerearethemostdelightfullypopularonesintheUS.TrailingoftheSheepFestivalThisyearisthe29thannualTrailingoftheSheepFestival,whichrunsfromOctober8-12,2025.Thefestivalactuallyinvolvesrunningaftersheepthroughthetown,whichoccurseachyearwiththeseasonchange.It’sadirectcallbacktothearea’sherdingculture.Guestswillhavethechancetowatchsheep-dogshows,shoparoundforwoolencrafts,tastedelicioustreatsandlamb-centricmeals,andlearnaboutthehistoryandtraditionsofthetown’sshepherdingculture.SeaWitchFromOctober24-26,theRehobothBeachareacomesalivewithoneofthecountry’sliveliestautumnfestivalsandHalloweenparades.Thefestivitiesareprettyfamiliar,fromcostumeconteststofairgames,butthere’sonestaroftheshowthatyouwon’tfindelsewhere:theSeaWitch.Accordingtolocallegend,treasurehuntersflockedonawreck(残骸)backin1798.Somereturnedwithstoriesofseeingahorribleweatherwitch,whichtriedtodrownthemduringthehunt.In2025,theSeaWitchisnothingmorethanamascot(吉祥物)forthefestivities.There’sevenaSeaWitchhunt!GreenvilleGreenvilleisnotreinventingthewheelwhenitcomestopopularfallfestivalsintheUSbuttheyhaveonethingthatothersdon’t.That’sawideanddiverserangeofchefs,menus,andrestaurants.It’snottoosurprisingthatthecitywouldshowcasethestate’stopculinary(烹饪)talents.FromOctober10-12,visitorscansampleeatsfrom60restaurantsthataresellingover300menuitems.Therearealsoover50beerandwinesellers,alongwithsevenstagesthatwillhostover80musicalperformances.1.WhatisthemainpurposeoftheTrailingoftheSheepFestival?A.Toboostwoolencraftsales.B.Topresentlambcookingtraditions.C.Tokeepthelocalherdingculturealive.D.Topromotesheepfarminginthetown.2.Whatcanpeopledointhe2025SeaWitch?A.Exploreawreckback. B.Huntformascots.C.Designamagicalcostume. D.TellstoriesofaSeaWitch.3.WhatmakesGreenvilledifferentfromthefirsttwofallfestivals?A.Itisheldearlierthanotherfallfestivals.B.Itoffersthemostkindsofbeerandwine.C.Itfocusesonshowingexcellentcookingskills.D.Itholdsfantasticandcolorfulcostumecontests.【答案】1.C2.B3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了美国三个颇具特色的秋季节日，包括追羊节、海巫节和格林维尔秋季节，分别阐述了各节日的时间、特色及活动内容。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据TrailingoftheSheepFestival中的“It’sadirectcallbacktothearea’sherdingculture.Guestswillhavethechancetowatchsheep-dogshows,shoparoundforwoolencrafts,tastedelicioustreatsandlamb-centricmeals,andlearnaboutthehistoryandtraditionsofthetown’sshepherdingculture.(这是该地区放牧文化的直接回归。游客将有机会观看牧羊犬表演、选购羊毛工艺品、品尝美味佳肴和以羊肉为主的菜肴，并了解该镇放牧文化的历史和传统。)”可知，追羊节的主要目的是传承当地的放牧文化。故选C项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据SeaWitch中的“In2025,theSeaWitchisnothingmorethanamascot(吉祥物)forthefestivities.There’sevenaSeaWitchhunt!(2025年，海巫不过是节日的吉祥物。甚至还有一场海巫搜寻活动！)”可知，在2025年的海巫节上，人们可以参与搜寻吉祥物的活动。故选B项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Greenville中的“That’sawideanddiverserangeofchefs,menus,andrestaurants.It’snottoosurprisingthatthecitywouldshowcasethestate’stopculinary(烹饪)talents.(那就是拥有种类繁多的厨师、菜单和餐厅。这座城市展示该州顶尖的烹饪人才也就不足为奇了。)”可知，格林维尔与前两个秋季节日的不同之处在于它专注于展示出色的烹饪技艺。故选C项。BBythetimethenine-year-oldNicolaLatheyhadcompletedthetriptoLondonforadyslexia(阅读障碍)assessment,shehadaprettygoodideathatherbrainworkedslightlydifferentlytoherschoolfriends.Whenshewentontosecondaryschool,shestartedtostrugglemoreacademicallyandherfamilyworriedshewasgettinginwiththewrongcrowd,soagreatauntofferedtopaythefeestosendhertotheprivateHaberdashers’MonmouthSchoolinWales.LatheywentalloutanddefiedexpectationstodowellenoughinherGCSEstowinaplaceatsixth-formcollege.“Everyonewasmorethanshockedandtheystartedtoseemethroughadifferentlens.”ShemovedtoLondontostudyspeechsciencesatUniversityCollegeLondon,whereshewasconsidereda“disabledstudent”duetoherdyslexia.Aftergraduating,sheinitiallymovedbacktoWalesandgotajobworkingforthelocalNationalHealthServiceforthreeyearsbeforerealizingthattospreadherwings,shewouldhavetomovebacktothecapital.Thenextjob,attheRoyalFreehospitalinnorthwestLondon,waswhereshemetherhusbandRhodriandtheymovedtogethertoOxford,wheretheystartedtheOwlCentre.ItnowspecializesinautismandADHDdiagnoses(诊断)andspeechandlanguagetreatment.AtfirsttheirpracticetaughtEnglishtoforeignstudents,butwhenthatfailedtopaythebills,Latheystartedofferingprivatespeechtreatmentsessions.Herfather-in-lawinvested£5,000,whichwasenoughtocreateawebsite,putinaphonelineandpayforsomebasicresourcesforthechildren’sassessments.Thecompanygrewquickly,andin2015,theyhadopenedfurtherOwlCentersinHertfordshire,ManchesterandCardiff.Today,thecompanyoperatestwophysicalsitesinCheltenhamandOxford.However,thelargemajorityofassessmentsaredoneonline.“It’struethere’sbeenahugeincreaseintherateofdiagnosisacrossthecountry,particularlyamongadults,”Latheysaid.Butsheadded:“Thatisbecausethesignshavebeenmissedinchildhood,notnecessarilybecauseeveryoneisfollowingthewellbeingtrend.Wehaveverystrictdiagnosticcriteria.”4.Whatdoes“defied”probablymeaninparagraph2?A.Stressover. B.Managedown. C.Setup. D.Gobeyond.5.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Lathey’schallengesinlandingasuitablejob.B.TheroadtothefoundationofTheOwlCentre.C.ThekeytothediagnosisofautismandADHD.D.Lathey’seducationaljourneyandworkingstyle.6.WhatdoweknowaboutTheOwlCentre?A.ItoffersassessmentforautismandADHD.B.Itisanonlineassessmentplatformfordyslexia.C.ItspecializesinteachingEnglishtoforeignstudents.D.ItregainedpopularitywiththehelpofLathey’sfather-in-law.7.WhatcanweinferfromLathey’swordsinthelastparagraph?A.Peopleareseekingdiagnosesfortrendyreasons.B.Thenumberofadults’diagnoseshasincreasedsharply.C.Moreandmoreadultsfocusontheirmentalwellbeing.D.High-leveldiagnosticstandardsleadtoearlyassessments.【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了患有阅读障碍的尼古拉·拉西历经求学与工作波折，最终创办猫头鹰中心，专注相关病症诊断与治疗的历程。【4题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“LatheywentalloutanddefiedexpectationstodowellenoughinherGCSEstowinaplaceatsixth-formcollege.“Everyonewasmorethanshockedandtheystartedtoseemethroughadifferentlens.”(拉西全力以赴，defied所有人的预期，在普通中等教育证书考试中取得了优异成绩，成功进入了第六学级学院。“所有人都非常震惊，他们开始用不同的眼光看待我。”)”可知，拉西原本因阅读障碍被担忧，却取得优异成绩，让众人震惊，因此“defied”意为“超越、打破”，与“Gobeyond”同义。故选D项。【5题详析】主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“ShemovedtoLondontostudyspeechsciencesatUniversityCollegeLondon,whereshewasconsidereda“disabledstudent”duetoherdyslexia.Aftergraduating,sheinitiallymovedbacktoWalesandgotajobworkingforthelocalNationalHealthServiceforthreeyearsbeforerealizingthattospreadherwings,shewouldhavetomovebacktothecapital.Thenextjob,attheRoyalFreehospitalinnorthwestLondon,waswhereshemetherhusbandRhodriandtheymovedtogethertoOxford,wheretheystartedtheOwlCentre.ItnowspecializesinautismandADHDdiagnoses(诊断)andspeechandlanguagetreatment.(她搬到伦敦，在伦敦大学学院学习言语科学，由于患有阅读障碍，她被视为“残疾学生”。毕业后，她最初搬回威尔士，在当地的国家医疗服务体系工作了三年，之后意识到要展翅高飞，她必须搬回首都。下一份工作是在伦敦西北部的皇家自由医院，在那里她遇到了丈夫罗德里，两人一起搬到牛津，在那里创办了猫头鹰中心。该中心现在专注于自闭症和注意力缺陷多动障碍的诊断以及言语和语言治疗。)”可知，该段完整讲述了拉西的求学经历、工作辗转及与丈夫创办猫头鹰中心的全过程，核心是创办该中心的历程。故选B项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Thenextjob,attheRoyalFreehospitalinnorthwestLondon,waswhereshemetherhusbandRhodriandtheymovedtogethertoOxford,wheretheystartedtheOwlCentre.ItnowspecializesinautismandADHDdiagnoses(诊断)andspeechandlanguagetreatment.(下一份工作是在伦敦西北部的皇家自由医院，在那里她遇到了丈夫罗德里，两人一起搬到牛津，在那里创办了猫头鹰中心。该中心现在专注于自闭症和注意力缺陷多动障碍的诊断以及言语和语言治疗。)”可知，猫头鹰中心的创办背景及核心业务明确，其提供自闭症和注意力缺陷多动障碍的诊断服务。故选A项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的““It’struethere’sbeenahugeincreaseintherateofdiagnosisacrossthecountry,particularlyamongadults,”Latheysaid.(“全国各地的确诊率确实大幅上升，尤其是在成年人中，”拉西说。)”可知，拉西明确提到成年人的诊断率急剧上升。故选B项。CPeoplesayhonestyisthebestpolicy,butweallsometimesbendthetruth.Theaveragepersonliestwiceinthefirsttenminutesofmeetingsomeonenewandupto50percentofthetimewhenspeakingtotheirmother.Astudyshowedthat99percentofpeoplelie,andeventhefewwhoclaimednottoareprobablyalsolying.Whatif,justforaday,youwereincapableoftellingalie,nomatterhowsmall?Accordingtoanthropologists,thereisatribethatlivesinthemountainsofCentralAmericawhoareunabletolieever.TheTarahumarapeople,famedfortheirlong-distancerunning,avoidedtheinfluenceofoutsidersforthousandsofyears.Indoingso,theyalsomaintainedastrictmoralprinciplebasedonutmosthonesty.TheTarahumarastillplacethisvaluesystemaboveallelse.Somepsychologistsbelievethatovertime,theiremphasisontruth-tellingcausedchangesinbrains’chemicalmakeup.Theymayhavelessgraymatterintheprefrontalcortex,thepartofthebrainresponsibleforcreatinglies.Whatstartedasamoraldutytotellthetruthmayhavebecomeaphysiologicalfeatureofthemembersofthisuniquetribe.Sodoesthismeanthatit’spossibleforallhumanstoevolveoutoflying?Well,maybe,butitdoesn’tsoundverylikely,doesit?Accordingtosomesources,lyingwasfirstusedbyhumanstopromotecooperationandtocreatebondsbetweenindividuals.That’swhyoneofthemostcommontypesofliesisawhitelie.Oftenwhiteliesaretoldtoprotectsomeonefromhearingsomethingthatwillhurttheirfeelings.Whenlanguagedeveloped,lyingquicklybecameeasierandmorecommon.Canyouimaginehowdifficultitwouldbetoliewithoutusinganywords?Languagemakesitpossibleforhumansasyoungastwotolie.Insteadofevolvingoutoflying,exactlytheoppositeishappening.Asweevolve,weliemore.Butthere’sgoodnews!Individually,wetellfewerliesasweage.Wemaynotevolveoutoflyingasaspecies,butasindividualsoverthecourseofasinglelifetime,thereisstillhope.8.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphconvey?A.Lyingiscommon. B.Humansarebornliars.C.Honestyisvaluable. D.Lyingisculture-based.9.HowhastheTarahumara’svaluesysteminfluencedthemaccordingtopsychologists?A.Ithasincreasedtheirconfidence.B.Ithasstrengthenedtheirmemory.C.Ithasimprovedtheirlanguageskills.D.Ithaschangedtheirbrainchemistry.10.Whydidhumanstellliesoriginally?A.Forself-protection.B.Foravoidinghurtingothers.C.Forsocialconnection.D.Fortakingadvantageofothers.11.Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthoragreewith?A.Peopletendtobemorehonestastheygrowold.B.Honestyshouldbeplacedaboveeverythingelse.C.Biologicalevolutionwillstoppeoplefromtellinglies.D.Technologicalprogresswillmakelyingmoredifficult.【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要探讨人类说谎的普遍性，介绍中美洲塔拉乌马拉部落的诚实价值观及其对大脑的影响，追溯说谎的起源，并说明人类说谎行为的演变趋势。【8题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Theaveragepersonliestwiceinthefirsttenminutesofmeetingsomeonenewandupto50percentofthetimewhenspeakingtotheirmother.Astudyshowedthat99percentofpeoplelie,andeventhefewwhoclaimednottoareprobablyalsolying.(普通人在结识新朋友的前十分钟内会说谎两次，在和母亲说话时说谎的比例高达50%。一项研究表明，99%的人会说谎，即使是少数声称不会说谎的人可能也在说谎。)”可知，第一段通过具体数据和现象，传达了“说谎是一种普遍现象”的核心信息。故选A项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“TheTarahumarastillplacethisvaluesystemaboveallelse.Somepsychologistsbelievethatovertime,theiremphasisontruth-tellingcausedchangesinbrains’chemicalmakeup.Theymayhavelessgraymatterintheprefrontalcortex,thepartofthebrainresponsibleforcreatinglies.(塔拉乌马拉人依旧将这套价值体系置于首位。一些心理学家认为，随着时间的推移，他们对说真话的重视导致了大脑化学成分的变化。他们的前额叶皮层（大脑中负责编造谎言的部分）可能有更少的灰质。)”可知，心理学家认为塔拉乌马拉部落的价值观体系改变了他们的大脑化学构成。故选D项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Accordingtosomesources,lyingwasfirstusedbyhumanstopromotecooperationandtocreatebondsbetweenindividuals.(根据一些资料来源，人类最初使用说谎是为了促进合作，并在个体之间建立联系。)”可知，人类最初说谎是为了建立社会联系。故选C项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Butthere’sgoodnews!Individually,wetellfewerliesasweage.Wemaynotevolveoutoflyingasaspecies,butasindividualsoverthecourseofasinglelifetime,thereisstillhope.(但也有好消息！就个人而言，我们随着年龄的增长会说更少的谎。作为一个物种，我们可能不会进化到不再说谎，但作为个体，在一生的过程中，仍然有希望。)”可知，作者认为人们随着年龄增长往往会变得更诚实。故选A项。DGenerativeAIischanginghowwework.ToolslikeDeepSeekandChatGPThelppeoplewriteeverythingfromemailstoblogposts40%fasterthantheyusedto,accordingtoa2023MITstudy.Thenewtechnologiesaretransformingtechnicaljobsinparticular.AstudydeterminedthatgenAIcodingtoolscancutprogrammingtimeby56%,forinstance.Howshouldworkersusesuchtimewindfalls?Generally,thepopularviewisthatpeoplewilluseAI-generatedtimesavingstoenhancetheirpersonallives,developinnovations,orincreaseproductivity.However,twosurveysof302AIusersand57managersfromaroundtheworld,conductedbytheUniversityofLausanne,Switzerland,inearly2024,challengethatthinking.Thesurveysaskedquestionslike:DoyousavetimeusinggenAI?Doyoufeelyouhavemoretimeforotherthings?Doyourearrangetimeforpersonalorwork-relatedtasks?Howfrequentlydoyouwastethetimeyousaved?TheresearchersfoundthatgenAIsavedthemanagersabout2hoursand46minutesaweek,onaverage.Eighty-twopercentofthemsaidthatthetechnologyhelpedthemdotheirjobsfaster.Butmanyinthatgroupfailedtofullycapitalizeontheirfreed-uptime:38%ofthemadmittedtowastingmorethanhalfofit.Similarly,84%ofpeopleinthegenAIusergroupadmittedtowastingatleastaquarterofit.Fewofthemsaidtheyusedittoconnectwithothers,enjoytheirfamilies,learnnewskills,orimprovetheirphysicalandemotionalhealth.“Rearrangingtimesavingsrequirespeopletotrackwhenthey’resavingtime,”saysIsabelleEngeler,anassociateprofessorattheUniversityofLausanne.Onlyoncetheyhaveagoodideaofhowmuchthey’vegainedcantheydecidehowtobenefitfromit,sheargues.“Unfortunately,”shenotes,“manypeopledon’timmediatelynoticeit.”Tooptimize(优化)AI-relatedtimesavings,Engelersuggests,managerscanhelpemployeesimprovework-lifebalance.However,anytimerearrangementrequiresadeliberate,intentional,andongoingapproach.12.WhichwordbestdescribesgenerativeAIinparagraph1?A.Innovative. B.Time-saving. C.Ineffective. D.Cost-saving.13.WhatdothetwosurveyssayaboutAI-savedtime?A.Itwasnotfullyusedformeaningfulactivities.B.Itwasprimarilyusedforpersonaldevelopment.C.Itwaseffectivelyemployedtoenhancerelationship.D.Itwasmainlyarrangedforimprovingphysicalhealth.14.WhatcanweknowfromIsabelleEngeler’swords?A.PeopleshoulduseAItosavemoretime.B.Peopleshouldfocusontheirwork-lifebalance.C.Peopleneedtomakegooduseoftheirworktime.D.PeopleneedtomonitorandredirectAI-savedtime.15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheAIEfficiencyProblemB.TheHiddenWasteinAITimeSavingsC.TheProductivityParadoxofGenerativeAID.TheApproachestoManagingAI-relatedTime【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.B【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。介绍了生成式AI节省工作时间的效果，以及人们对这些节省出的时间的利用现状与优化建议。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“ToolslikeDeepSeekandChatGPThelppeoplewriteeverythingfromemailstoblogposts40%fasterthantheyusedto,accordingtoa2023MITstudy.Thenewtechnologiesaretransformingtechnicaljobsinparticular.AstudydeterminedthatgenAIcodingtoolscancutprogrammingtimeby56%,forinstance.(根据麻省理工学院2023年的一项研究，DeepSeek和ChatGPT等工具帮助人们写从电子邮件到博客文章的所有内容，速度比以前快40%。新技术正在改变技术工作。例如，一项研究确定，genAI编码工具可以将编程时间缩短56%)”可知，生成式人工智能具有节省时间的特点。故选B。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Butmanyinthatgroupfailedtofullycapitalizeontheirfreed-uptime:38%ofthemadmittedtowastingmorethanhalfofit.Similarly,84%ofpeopleinthegenAIusergroupadmittedtowastingatleastaquarterofit.Fewofthemsaidtheyusedittoconnectwithothers,enjoytheirfamilies,learnnewskills,orimprovetheirphysicalandemotionalhealth.(但这一群体中的许多人并没有充分利用节省下来的时间：38%的人承认浪费了一半以上的时间。同样，84%的人工智能用户承认自己浪费了至少四分之一的时间。他们中很少有人说他们用它来与他人联系，享受家庭，学习新技能，或改善他们的身心健康)”可知，使用人工智能节省下来的时间没有被充分用于有意义的活动。故选A。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段““Rearrangingtimesavingsrequirespeopletotrackwhenthey’resavingtime,”saysIsabelleEngeler,anassociateprofessorattheUniversityofLausanne.Onlyoncetheyhaveagoodideaofhowmuchthey’vegainedcantheydecidehowtobenefitfromit(洛桑大学副教授IsabelleEngeler表示：“重新安排节省下来的时间，需要人们追踪自己在什么时候节省了时间。”她认为，只有当他们清楚地知道自己获得了多少，他们才能决定如何从中受益)”可知，人们需要监控并合理分配人工智能节省的时间。故选D。【15题详析】主旨大意题。文章第一段肯定了生成式AI在提升工作效率、节省工作时间方面的显著能力；第二段则笔锋一转，引入研究挑战了“人们会将节省的时间用于提升自我或改善生活”的普遍看法；第三段通过具体调查数据揭示出核心问题：大多数管理者与员工承认浪费了相当一部分由AI节省下来的时间；第四、五段进一步分析了这一现象的原因并给出建议。全文层层递进，其核心论述并非泛谈AI的效率，而是集中揭露了“时间节省背后存在隐性浪费”这一关键发现。因此，选项B“AI所节省时间中的隐性浪费”精准地概括了文章主旨，最适合作为文章标题。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Itisyourfirstdayatthenewschool.Maybeyourmindgoesblank,andyourstomachfeelsfullofbutterflies.Youkeepcheckingtheclockandyourthroatsuddenlygoesdry.____16____They’renotsignsofweakness,butyourbody’swayofpreparingyouforanewenvironmentandsocialchallenges.Inunfamiliarsituations,ourbodygoesthroughseveralchangestohelpusadapt.Increasedalertnessandsensitivityallowustoprocessnewinformationfaster.____17____Bybecomingmoreobservant,wenoticeimportantdetailsaroundus.Ourbodyreleasesspecialchemicalstoimproveconcentrationandmemory.Thesereactionsarepartofwhat’scalledthealertnessresponse,thebody’swayofdealingwithneworunknownenvironments.They’reautomaticallyactivatedbyournervoussystem,whichhelpsusfaceuncertainty.Thissystemsharpensoursenses,enhanceslearningreadiness,andhelpsusmakequickdecisions.____18____Thisnaturaladaptationsystemhelpedourancestorsrecognizenewterritoriesandpotentialopportunities.Nowadays,weencounterverydifferentsituationsfromthoseourancestorsfaced.____19____Itactivateswhenwemeetnewpeople,joinanewclub,ortryadifferentlearningmethod,helpingusadjusttochangesinourlives.____20____Whenthenewsituationbecomesfamiliar,ourbraintypicallysignalsourbodytorelaxthroughanotherpartofournervoussystem.Ourbreathingdeepensandslowsdown,muscletensiondecreases,andcomfortablefeelingsgraduallyreturn.Thenwefeelmoreateaseandconfident.Thisshiftbacktoa"calmingmode"isjustascrucialastheinitialalertness,allowingforrecoveryandlong-termadaptation.The"alertmode"andthe"calmingmode"worktogethertohelpusnavigatethroughvariouslifeexperiencessmoothly.A.Therefore,itplaysavitalroleinourlife.B.Moreover,allofthesefeelingsarequitenatural.C.However,this"alertmode"doesn’tstayonforever.D.Oursensesbecomesharpertotakeinmoreinformation.E.Eachchangeservesanimportantpurposeforadaptation.F.Yetthisalertnesssystemremainsactiveandessentialinourdailylives.G.Thesephysicalsignalsmightmakeyounervous,butthey’retemporary.【答案】16.B17.D18.A19.F20.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍人在陌生环境中的警觉反应，说明其产生原因、作用及后续的放松适应过程，帮助人们理解身体的自然适应机制。【16题详析】根据前文“Itisyourfirstdayatthenewschool.Maybeyourmindgoesblank,andyourstomachfeelsfullofbutterflies.Youkeepcheckingtheclockandyourthroatsuddenlygoesdry.(这是你在新学校的第一天。也许你脑子一片空白，心里七上八下。你不停地看表，喉咙突然变干。)”和后文“They’renotsignsofweakness,butyourbody’swayofpreparingyouforanewenvironmentandsocialchallenges.(这些不是软弱的表现，而是你的身体为新环境和社交挑战做准备的方式。)”可知，此空应强调这些感受是自然的，B选项“Moreover,allofthesefeelingsarequitenatural.(而且，所有这些感受都是非常自然的。)”中的“allofthesefeelings”指代前文“脑子空白、心里七上八下、喉咙干”等状态，“quitenatural”承接后文“不是软弱的表现”，符合语境。故选B项。【17题详析】根据前文“Inunfamiliarsituations,ourbodygoesthroughseveralchangestohelpusadapt.Increasedalertnessandsensitivityallowustoprocessnewinformationfaster.(在陌生环境中，我们的身体会经历一系列变化来帮助我们适应。警觉性和敏感度的提高让我们能更快地处理新信息。)”和后文“Bybecomingmoreobservant,wenoticeimportantdetailsaroundus.(通过变得更善于观察，我们会注意到周围的重要细节。)”可知，此空应说明身体变化中感官变得更敏锐，D选项“Oursensesbecomesharpertotakeinmoreinformation.(我们的感官变得更敏锐，以接收更多信息。)”中的“sensesbecomesharper”呼应前文“sensitivityallowustoprocessnewinformationfaster”和后文“becomingmoreobservant”，符合语境。故选D项。【18题详析】根据前文“Thesereactionsarepartofwhat’scalledthealertnessresponse,thebody’swayofdealingwithneworunknownenvironments.They’reautomaticallyactivatedbyournervoussystem,whichhelpsusfaceuncertainty.Thissystemsharpensoursenses,enhanceslearningreadiness,andhelpsusmakequickdecisions.(这些反应属于所谓的警觉反应，是身体应对新环境或未知环境的方式。它们由我们的神经系统自动激活，帮助我们面对不确定性。这个系统能敏锐我们的感官，提高学习准备状态，并帮助我们快速做出决定。)”可知，此空应总结警觉反应系统的重要性，A选项“Therefore,itplaysavitalroleinourlife.(因此，它在我们的生活中扮演着至关重要的角色。)”中的“it”指代前文“thealertnessresponsesystem”，“Therefore”承接前文的系统作用，点明其核心价值，符合语境。故选A项。【19题详析】根据前文“Thisnaturaladaptationsystemhelpedourancestorsrecognizenewterritoriesandpotentialopportunities.Nowadays,weencounterverydifferentsituationsfromthoseourancestorsfaced.(这种自然适应系统帮助我们的祖先识别新的领地和潜在的机会。如今，我们遇到的情况与祖先们面临的大不相同。)”和后文“Itactivateswhenwemeetnewpeople,joinanewclub,ortryadifferentlearningmethod,helpingusadjusttochangesinourlives.(当我们结识新朋友、加入新俱乐部或尝试不同的学习方法时，它会被激活，帮助我们适应生活中的变化。)”可知，此空应强调警觉系统在现代生活中依然重要，F选项“Yetthisalertnesssystemremainsactiveandessentialinourdailylives.(然而，这种警觉系统在我们的日常生活中仍然活跃且至关重要。)”中的“Yet”形成转折，承接前文“情况不同”，“remainsactiveandessential”引出后文现代生活中的激活场景，符合语境。故选F项。【20题详析】根据后文“Whenthenewsituationbecomesfamiliar,ourbraintypicallysignalsourbodytorelaxthroughanotherpartofournervoussystem.Ourbreathingdeepensandslowsdown,muscletensiondecreases,andcomfortablefeelingsgraduallyreturn.(当新环境变得熟悉时，我们的大脑通常会通过神经系统的另一部分向身体发出放松的信号。我们的呼吸加深变慢，肌肉紧张度降低，舒适的感觉逐渐恢复。)”可知，此空应说明警觉模式不会一直持续，C选项“However,this“alertmode”doesn’tstayonforever.(然而，这种“警觉模式”并不会一直持续下去。)”中的“However”形成转折，引出后文“放松模式”的切换，符合语境。故选C项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。WhatdoPortugal’smonsterwaves,Arctic-circlecoldness,andIndonesia’stropicalswellshaveincommon?They’veallbeenovercomebya____21____whorideswithonelegandzerolimits.“Pegleg”Bennettwasbornwithabirthdefectthatledtothe____22____ofhisleftfootwhenhewasababy.Despitethis,heneverletitstophimfrom____23____hispassion:surfing.Bennett,now55yearsold,hastraveledthe____24____,surfinginfamousplaceslikeHawaii,Indonesia,andPortugal.Heeven____25____hiscountryinaparasurfingchampionshipandhelpedadeviceresearchcenterto____26____betterprosthetic(假体的)legsforsurfers.Bennett’s____27____forwaterbeganearly,thankstohisfather,aswimmer.Growingup,he____28____tosurfwithaspecialprostheticleg,whichhelpedhimbecomea(n)____29____surfer.Asaresult,he____30____thelimitsofwhathecoulddoonthewaves.In2015,thefirstAdaptiveSurfingWorldChampionshipswereheld,____31____aturningpointforparasurfing.Sincethen,thesporthasgrown____32____,andBennetthasbeenakeyfigure,coachingpeoplewithvarious____33____.Hebelievesthatnomatterthechallenge,anyonecansurfiftheyhavetherightsupport.Althoughparasurfingdidn’tmakeittothe2028Paralympics,thereishopethatitwillbe____34____in2032.Bennett’sstoryshowsthatwithdeterminationandtherightattitude,no____35____istoobigtoovercome.21.A.sailor B.captain C.swimmer D.surfer22.A.pain B.loss C.damage D.failure23.A.consuming B.decreasing C.following D.discovering24.A.world B.country C.sea D.island25.A.mentioned B.represented C.praised D.recommended26.A.collect B.return C.sell D.develop27.A.love B.respect C.demand D.desire28.A.started B.promised C.learned D.remembered29.A.proud B.expert C.energetic D.devoted30.A.pushed B.set C.tested D.recognized31.A.breaking B.predicting C.avoiding D.marking32.A.naturally B.frequently C.speedily D.occasionally33.A.hobbies B.disabilities C.ambitions D.diseases34.A.included B.submitted C.replaced D.sponsored35.A.difference B.fear C.injury D.barrier【答案】21.D22.B23.C24.A25.B26.D27.A28.C29.B30.A31.D32.C33.B34.A35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了独腿冲浪者“Pegleg”Bennett克服身体障碍，追逐冲浪梦想并激励他人的故事。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们都被一位独腿冲浪者克服了，他冲浪时没有限制。A.sailor水手；B.captain船长；C.swimmer游泳者；D.surfer冲浪者。根据后文“surfing”和“surfer”可知，此处指冲浪者。故选D。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“Pegleg”Bennett出生时就有缺陷，导致他婴儿时期左脚缺失。A.pain痛苦；B.loss失去；C.damage损坏；D.failure失败。根据后文“ofhisleftfoot”以及“surfwithaspecialprostheticleg”可知，此处指“失去左脚”，thelossof表示“……的缺失”。故选B。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，他从未让它阻止自己追随自己的热情：冲浪。A.consuming消耗；B.decreasing减少；C.following追随；D.discovering发现。根据后文“hispassion:surfing”可知，身体的残缺没能够阻止他追随冲浪的热情，followone’spassion为固定搭配，意为“追寻某人的热爱”。故选C。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现年55岁的贝内特周游世界，在夏威夷、印度尼西亚和葡萄牙等著名冲浪胜地冲浪。A.world世界；B.country国家；C.sea海洋；D.island岛屿。根据后文“surfinginfamousplaceslikeHawaii,Indonesia,andPortugal”可知，他周游世界冲浪。故选A。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他甚至代表国家参加了残疾人冲浪锦标赛，并帮助一家设备研究中心为冲浪者开发更好的假肢。A.mentioned提及；B.represented代表；C.praised赞美；D.recommended推荐。根据后文“hiscountryinaparasurfingchampionship”可知，他代表国家参加比赛，在体育赛事中representacountry“代表一个国家”是固定表达。故选B。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.collect收集；B.return返回；C.sell出售；D.develop发展，开发。根据前文“adeviceresearchcenter”和后文“betterprostheticlegsforsurfers”可知，研究中心的职责是“研发”产品，他应该是帮助开发更好的假肢。故选D。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：贝内特对水的热爱始于很小的时候，这要归功于他的游泳运动员父亲。A.love爱；B.respect尊重；C.demand要求；D.desire渴望。根据前文“hispassion:surfing”和后文“forwaterbeganearly”可知，他热爱和水有关的活动。故选A。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在成长过程中，他学会了用一条特殊的假腿冲浪，这帮助他成为了一名冲浪专家。A.started开始；B.promised承诺；C.learned学习；D.remembered记得。根据后文“tosurfwithaspecialprostheticleg”可知，他学会了用假腿冲浪。故选C。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.proud骄傲的；B.expert熟练的，专家的；C.energetic精力充沛的；D.devoted忠诚的。根据上文“tosurfwithaspecialprostheticleg,whichhelpedhim”结合后文他参加锦标赛、指导他人可知，学会用假腿冲浪，这帮助他成为了一名冲浪专家。故选B。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，他突破了自己在海浪中能做什么的极限。A.pushed推动，突破；B.set设置；C.tested测试；D.recognized识别。根据后文“thelimitsofwhathecoulddoonthewaves”可知，他克服身体的残疾，突破极限，pushthelimits是固定搭配，意为“突破极限”。故选A。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2015年，首届适应性冲浪世界锦标赛举行，标志着残疾人冲浪的转折点。A.breaking打破；B.pre