《工业分析 Industrial Analysis》课件-乙醇沸点的测定（双语）

项目八：常规物理常数与性能分析任务三：沸点和沸程的测定乙醇沸点的测定课程：工业分析中文Scenario8:PhysicalconstantsandperformancetestingTask3DeterminationofboilingpointandboilingrangeDeterminationofboilingpointofethanolCourse:IndustrialAnalysisEglish一、标准方法测定乙醇沸点1-烧瓶，2-试管，3、4胶塞，5-主温度计，6-辅助温度计，7-侧孔，8-温度计1、搭建实验装置载热体为甘油，加入量为烧瓶体积一半试管内液面低于加热体液面主温度计在被测液体上20mm中文一、Standardmethodfordeterminingtheboilingpointofethanol1、ConstructionofexperimentalequipmentTheheatcarrierisglycerol,andtheamountaddedishalfofthevolumeoftheflaskTheliquidlevelinthetesttubeislowerthantheliquidleveloftheheatcarrierThemainthermometeris20mmabovethemeasuredliquidDevicediagramformeasuringboilingpointusingstandardmethods1-flask;2-testtube;3,4-rubberplugs;5-mainthermometer;6-auxiliarythermometer;7-sidehole;8-ThermometerEglish2、实验步骤

缓慢加热，当温度上升到某一数值并在相当时间内保持不变时，记录此时的温度计读数，此温度即为试样的沸点。同时记录辅助温度计读数。记录室温及大气压。中文2、ProcedureSlowlyheatup,andwhenthetemperaturerisestoacertainvalueandremainsconstantforaconsiderableperiodoftime,recordthethermometerreadingatthistime,whichistheboilingpointofthesample.Simultaneouslyrecordtheauxiliarythermometerreading.Recordroomtemperatureandatmosphericpressure.Eglish3、结果计算T1：试样沸点（沸程）的测定值；ΔT1：温度计示值校正值；ΔT2：温度计水银柱外露段校正值；ΔTp：沸点（沸程）随气压的变化值。中文3、ResultcalculationT1：Determinationvalueofboilingpoint(boilingrange)ofthesample；ΔT1：Thermometerreadingcorrectionvalue；ΔT2：Correctionvalueofexposedsectionofmercurycolumninthermometer；ΔTp：Thechangeinboilingpoint(boilingrange)withpressure.Eglish气压对沸点（沸程）的校正：

ΔTp：沸点（沸程）随气压的变化值；Cv：沸点（沸程）随气压的校正值（查表获得）；

p：经校正的气压值。pt：室温时的气压，×100pa；Δp1：气压计读数校正值（查表获得），×100pa；Δp2：纬度校正值（查表获得），×100pa。中文Theeffectofairpressureonboilingpoint(boilingrange):

ΔTp：Thechangeinboilingpoint(boilingrange)withpressure;Cv：Thecorrectionvalueofboilingpoint(boilingrange)withairpressure(obtainedbylooking

upthetable);

p：Correctedairpressurevalue.pt：Airpressureatroomtemperature,×100pa;Δp1：Barometerreadingcorrectionvalue(obtainedbylookingupthetable),×100pa;Δp2：Latitudecorrectionvalue(obtainedfromtable),×100pa.Eglish温度计水银柱外露段的校正：T2：辅助温度计读数h：内标式水银温度计外露段的高度，以温度值为单位中文Correctionofexposedsectionofmercurycolumninthermometer:T2：Auxiliarythermometerreading;h：Theheightoftheexposedsectionofaninternalstandardmercurythermometer,measuredintemperaturevaluesEglish二、毛细管法测定乙醇沸点内管，内径1mm外管，内径3-4mm数据处理同标准法装样倒扣内管固定外管固定温度计加热到连串气泡从内管逸出观察记录最后一个气泡刚要缩进内管时的温度制备内管中文二、CapillarytubemethodfordeterminingtheboilingpointofethanolInnertube,innerdiameter1mmOutertube,innerdiameter3-4mmDataprocessingisthesameasthestandardmethodLoadsamplesandinnertubesFixedoutertubeFixedthermometerHeatuntilaseriesofbubblesscape