2025-2026学年高二上学期期末模拟卷02（外研版）（解析版）

2/22025-2026学年高二上学期期末模拟卷02英语·全解全析（满分150分，考试用时120分钟）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.测试范围：选择性必修一+选择性必修二（外研版）。4.难度系数：0.65。5.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C.1．Whenhadthespeakersintendedtoplayvolleyball?A．OnThursday. B．OnSaturday. C．OnSunday.【答案】A【原文】M:Hello,IwonderifwecouldchangeThursday’svolleyballtoSunday.W:Isthattheonlytimeyoucanmakeit?HowaboutSaturday?2．Whatarethespeakersdoingnow?A．Playingagame. B．Doinganexperiment. C．Listeningtoalecture.【答案】B【原文】M:Tina,youmustn’tdotheexperimentlikethat.Theteachertoldustofollowhisinstructions.W:Thankyoufortellingmeaboutthat.3．Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemandofirst?A．Havethemachinerepaired.B．Readtheoperationsmanual.C．Trythebuttonsonebyone.【答案】B【原文】M:Thismachinehassomanybuttons.Ican’tfigureoutwhichonemakesitrun.W:You’dbetterreadtheinstructionsfirst.Pressingthebuttonsimproperlymaycausethemachinetobreakdown.M:Oh,Isee.4．Whatdoesthewomanmean?A．Shemissedthecomedylastnight.B．SheregretsspendingmuchtimeonTV.C．HerTVbrokedownduetoapowerfailure.【答案】A【原文】M:DidyouwatchthatcomedyonTVlastnight?Idon’tthinkIeverlaughedsohard.W:Don’teventalktomeaboutit.TheonlynightIreallywantedtowatchsomethingandwehadapowerfailureinmybuilding.5．Howdoesthewomanfindthefoodintherestaurant?A．Terrible. B．Average. C．Great.【答案】C【原文】M:Hi,Jane.Haveyoutriedthenewrestaurantintownyet?W:Yes,Iwenttherelastnightwithmymother.Ittookagesforthefoodtoarrive.Butwhenitfinallydidarrive,Ihavetosaythatitcertainlywasworthwaitingfor.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whatdoesthemanmainlyusehiscomputerfor?A．Playinggames. B．Takingnotesinclass. C．Searchingforinformation.7．Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodofirst?A．Useherlaptop. B．Getapart-timejob. C．Cleanhisroom.【答案】6．A7．C【原文】M:Ihatemycomputer.It’ssooldandslow.Ineedmorestorageandafastermemory.W:Oh,comeon!Youonlyuseyourcomputertoplaygames.Andwherewillyougetmoneytobuyanewcomputer?M:I’llgetajobatapizzaplaceeveryweekend,soIcansavelotsofmoney.Mom,ifIhaveaprettyfastlaptop,Icanbringittoclassandtakenotesonit.Thenmynoteswillbesoorganized!W:Beforethat,Iwantyoutoorganizeyourroom.Now!听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8．Whydoesthemanholdtheparty?A．Forhisbirthday. B．Forhispromotion. C．Forthehouse-warming.9．Howlongwillthepartylast?A．4hours. B．5hours. C．6hours.【答案】8．C9．B【原文】M:Listen,Alice.I’mphoningbecauseIwanttoinviteyoutoapartyatournewhouse.W:Newhouse?M:Yes.We’vejustmoved.That’swhywe’rethrowingthisparty.Weknowyou’reverybusy,butwe’dloveyoutocome.W:Yes,I’dloveto.Whenisit?M:ThisSaturdayevening.W:Well...I’llhaveatestnextMondayandanarticletohandinonTuesday.Willthepartygoonverylate?M:Untiloneinthemorning.Butyoudon’thavetostaythatlong.Howaboutit?W:Allright.I’llcome.Whendoesthepartystart?M:Comeatanytimeaftereight.W:Good.I’mlookingforwardtoseeingyouagain.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10．Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A．Thecostofatrip.B．Thedestinationoftheirtrip.C．Theirfriends’triptoLondon.11．WhatdidBettysayabouttheweatheralongthecoastatthistime?A．Warmandnice. B．Veryhot. C．Quitecold.12．Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A．Asktheirfriendforadvice.B．Makeaplanfortheirvacation.C．Consultatourguideontheirtrip.【答案】10．C11．A12．B【原文】W:ImetBettytodayonthestreet.M:Whathasshebeendoing?W:ShesaidshejustgotbackwithGeorgefromatriptoLondon.M:Theydid?SowhatdidshesayaboutLondon?W:Oh,theyhadalovelytime.Shesaidwe’dreallyenjoyitifweweretheretoo.M:Didyouaskhowtheweatherwas?W:ItseemsitwasrathercoolinLondon,butniceandwarmalongthecoast.M:Didshesaywhereshestayed?W:Shetoldme,butIdon’tremember.M:Well,didshesaythehotelswerecrowded?W:Yes,shesaidtherewerealwaystoomanytravelersatthistimeoftheyear.Sosherecommendswemakeourplansassoonaspossible.M:Well,we’dbetterdosomechecking.Doyostillhavetheguidebook?W:Yes,hereitis.IfIremember,itsaysthecheapestisaround$35aday.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13．Whatdoesthemanorder?A．Friesandbread.B．Chicken-friedsteak.C．Amediumorangejuice.14．Whatkindofdressingdoesthemanaskforhissalad?A．Frenchdressing. B．Italiandressing. C．Bluecheese.15．Whydoesthewomansaysorrytotheman?A．Thericeisnotreadyyet.B．Sheoffershimanoldmenu.C．Theydon’tservepiestoday.16．Whathappenedtothebaker?A．Hestoppedmakingpies. B．Hequithisjobhere. C．Hebrokehisleg.【答案】13．B14．A15．C16．C【原文】W:Hi.WelcometoHeavenlyPies.MayItakeyourorder?M:Uh...Yes.I’dlikethechicken-friedsteak.W:OK.Wouldyoulikefries,bread,orricewithyourmeal?M:Umm.I’lltaketherice.W:Wouldyoucareforanythingtodrink?M:Yeah.I’lltakeamediumorangejuice.W:I’msorry.Weonlyhavelargeorsmall.M:Well,inthatcase,uh,I’llhaveasmallone.W:OK.Asmalljuice.Andwhatkindofdressingwouldyoulikewithyoursalad?Itcomeswiththefriedsteak.M:Whatdressingsdoyouhave?W:WehaveFrench,Italianandbluecheese.M:Oh!French,please.W:Wouldyoulikeanythingelse?M:Well,I’dliketoseeyourpiemenu.That’sthemainreasonwhyIliketodinehere.W:Oh,I’msosorry,butwearen’tservingpiestoday.M:Huh?W:Well,itusuallyis,but,Dave,ourbakers,slippedinthekitchentwodaysago,andhurthisleg.He’llbeoutforatleasttwoweeks.Inthemeantime,we’reservingicecreaminstead.Sorry.M:Wow.I’msorrytohearthat.Well,inthatcase,I’llhaveanicecreamsundae.W:I’llbebackwithyourorderinafewminutes.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17．Whoisthespeaker?A．Aresidentadviser. B．Ahousingdirector. C．Theheadmaster.18．Whenisthetalkbeinggiven?A．Afterthefinals.B．Beforeasummervacation.C．Atthestartoftheschoolyear.19．Howmuchisthefineoffailingtoreturnthekey?A．$1. B．$3. C．$9.20．Whatshouldthestudentsfillintheform?A．Thereturntime.B．Thephonenumber.C．Theconditionofthedorms.【答案】17．B18．B19．A20．C【原文】Goodmorning,I’mMichael,housingdirectorhereattheuniversity.I’mvisitingallthedormitoriesthisweektoinformstudentsaboutcheck-outprocedures.Iknowyouhavealotonyourmindwithfinalscomingup,butthereareafewthingsyouneedtobeawareofasyoupreparetoleaveforyourvacation.ThisdormitorywillbeclosedduringthesummermonthsandwillreopenonSeptember1st.YoumustvacateyourroombyJune3rd.Evenifyouareregisteredforclassesduringthesummer,youmustleavethisdormbyJune3rd.Ifthisposesaproblemforyou,youshouldcontactmyofficeassoonaspossible.Youshouldremembertoturninyourroomkeybeforeyouleave.Failuretoreturnyourkeycanresultina$1fine.Youmustalsomakesurethatallofyourpersonalpropertyhasbeenclearedoutofyourroom.Iwillbepassingoutaformforyoutofilloutconcerningtheconditionofyourroom.Youshouldreportontheformofanydamagetoyourroomwhichhasoccurredoverthelastyear,suchasholesintheroom’swalls,doorsorwindows.Thatwayoursummermaintenancecrewwillknowwheretomakerepairsbeforethenextschoolyearstarts.Ifyouhaveanyquestionsduringthenextfewdays,pleaseaskyourresidentadvisersorcallmyoffice.Now,pleasetakeoneoftheformsastheyarepassedaround.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASUPPORTWORKERDoyouhavetheabilitytocareforothers?Canyouunderstandhowolderpeoplefeel?Areyouagoodcommunicator?Doyouhavegoodlisteningskills?Canyouworkweekends?IfyouhaveansweredYEStotheabove,wewouldliketohearfromyou:☆Startingrateof￡8.56perhour☆Freeuniform☆ExcellenttrainingCareers@WOWEEMAGAZINEWritersWantedWoweeMagazineislookingforwritersforitswebsite.Payisbasedonthenumberofpeoplewhoreadyourarticles.Youmayalsoreceivefreeticketstoeventsandfreeproductstotest.Thisisagreatopportunitytogetvaluableworkexperience.Wewantpeoplewhoare:chattyinterestingpassionateskilledContactusatinfo@.CALLINGALLMODELSThinkyoucouldbeamodel?Ifso,we'dliketomeetyou!Workingasasuccessfulfashionmodelisn'teasybutitisveryexcitingandcouldbeagreatopportunity.Girlsshouldbeover16withaminimumheightof172cmandboysshouldhaveaminimumheightof182cm.Ifyouareunder16anddonotyethavetherequiredheight，wewouldstillbeinterestedinmeetingyou，butyoumustbringaparent.Info@top-model-agency.ukWORKFORCOFFEEBEANSJoinBritain'snumberonecafeatCoffeeBeans,whereeverycafehasthesameaims:tocreatefamily-liketeamsandtogiveexcellentcustomerservice.Manydifferentkindsofpeoplecomeandworkwithus,sostartyourcareeratCoffeeBeanstoday:☆Choosethehoursyouwork☆Getmanagementexperience☆ShareyourloveofcoffeeJoinusasaTeamMember,AssistantManagerofCafeManager,dependingonyourskillsandexperience.Emailusatjobs@coffeebeans.co.uk.21．Whichaddressshouldyouemailatifyouwanttobeasupportworker？A．careers@ B．info@C．info@top-model-agency.uk D．jobs@coffeebeans.co.uk22．AwriterworkingforWoweeMagazinecan______.A．bringaparentB．getafreeuniformC．chooseworkinghoursD．receivefreeticketstoevents23．Whatcanwelearnaboutthejobsfromthejobpostings？A．Themodelopportunityisonlymeantforadults.B．Thereisnoneedtobetrainedasasupportworker.C．EmployeesatCoffeeBeanshavefewmanagementopportunities.D．ApplicantstoWoweeMagazineshouldbesociableandenthusiastic.【答案】21．A22．D23．D【分析】本文是一篇应用文，是四则工作招聘告示。21．细节理解题。根据第一则广告的标题SUPPORTWORKER和邮箱Careers@可知要选A项。22．细节理解题。根据第二则广告中的.Youmayalsoreceivefreeticketstoeventsandfreeproductstotest.可知为WoweeMagazine工作的作家可能还会得到一些活动的免费入场券，故选D项。23．细节理解题。根据第二则广告中的Wewantpeoplewhoare:chattyinterestingpassionateskilled可知WoweeMagazine想招健谈的，有趣的，热情的并且有技能的人。一个人健谈说明其擅长交际。所以申请WoweeMagazine工作的必须是善于交际，对工作热情的人，故选D项。【点睛】做细节理解题时，抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题和选项有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。比如本文第1.2小题通过题目找到原文相关的句子就直接能够选出答案。BTherecanbenodoubtthatStephenKing,NewYorkTime’sBest-Sellingauthor,hasfoundsuccessinmanyaspects,butitwasn’talwayslikethis.Kingwitnessedtragedyandhorrorsfromtheverybeginning.Whenhewas2yearsold,hisfathertoldhismomthathewasgoingouttogetcigarettesbutinfact,henevercameback,hehadabandonedhisfamily.ThislefthismotherRuthtocareforStephenandhiselderbrotherDavidonherown.Ruthwasforcedtomoveoften,desperatelylookingforworkasshewasnowtheonlyproviderofthefamily,andshehadtorelyonrelativesmostofthetime.OnedayStephenwentouttoplaywithfriendsandwhenhecameback,hewasn’tevenabletospeakasingleword,itseemedhewashurtmentallyorsomething,buthestillgotthecouragetocontinueforward.Itturnedoutthatoneofhisfriendswashitbyatrainanddied,whichleftanemotionalscaronhim.King,lateron,droppedoutofschoolduetosomeserioushealthconcernsandwastoldthathehadtoenlist(入伍)againthenextfall,whichdemotivatedhimtoo.AlthoughStephenKingdidn’tseehischildhoodassomethingextraordinaryorspecial,hedidsaythathewasalwaysfascinatedbyscarythings.PeopleusedtoacknowledgetheKingfamilybytheirloveofliterature,infactwheneverStephen’smomusedtogoout,shedidn’thireababysitter,forthekidsusedtoreadnovelstoeachothersotheywouldnotgetbored.StephenKing’sloveofstorieswasdevelopedfromaveryyoungageandhecarriedthattraditionwithhisownchildrenalongwithhiswifeTabitha.In1973,StephenKingstartedhisamazingjourneyofsuccesswhenhepublishedhisfirstnovel“Carrie”,whichisscary.TherestfollowedfromafterthatashepublishedmanyamazingbookslikeTheShining,IT,Firestarter,andCujo.Allofthesebooksbecameinstantclassicsandgottheirownmovieandtelevisionshowsadaptions.24．WhatisthemainreasonleadingStephenKingtobecomeabest-sellingauthor?A．Hisin-bornwritingtalents. B．Hisunfortunatechildhood.C．Hisexcellentpromotionskills. D．Hismom’smiserableexperiences.25．WhatleftStephenKingnotevenspeakingasingleword?A．Hewasknockeddownbyapassingtrain.B．Hewasbadlycriticizedbyacloseclassmate.C．Hewasdepressedbytheconstantmoves.D．Hewasheart-struckbythepass-awayofafriend.26．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“demotivated”inparagraph3mean?A．Discouraged. B．Refreshed.C．Embarrassed. D．Aroused.27．Whydidn’tStephen’smomhireababysitter?A．Thefamilywastoopoortohireababysitter.B．Thechildrenweretoonaughtytobelookedafter.C．Thechildrencouldactuallyentertainthemselves.D．Thechildrenwereyoungenoughtocareforthemselves.【答案】24．B25．D26．A27．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述斯蒂芬·金虽然经历了不幸的童年，然而正是这种不幸的童年使得他见证并积累了众多的写作素材，从而创作出旷世杰作。24．推理判断题。通读全文，从斯蒂芬·金的生活经历可知，斯蒂芬·金经历了不幸的童年：2岁时父亲离家而去、见证母亲独自抚养作者及其哥哥的艰辛、亲历好友被火车撞倒离世、虽因病辍学，随后一年又不得已被征入伍等等，他见证并积累了众多的写作素材，从而创作出旷世杰作，所以斯蒂芬·金成为畅销书作家的主要原因是他不幸的童年。第三段“AlthoughStephenKingdidn’tseehischildhoodassomethingextraordinaryorspecial,hedidsaythathewasalwaysfascinatedbyscarythings.(虽然斯蒂芬·金不认为自己的童年有什么特别的，但他确实说过他总是被可怕的东西迷住了。)”和最后一段“In1973,StephenKingstartedhisamazingjourneyofsuccesswhenhepublishedhisfirstnovel“Carrie”,whichisscary.(1973年，斯蒂芬·金出版了他的第一部小说《魔女嘉莉》，开始了他惊人的成功之旅，这部小说是恐怖的。)”也印证了这一推断。故选B。25．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Itturnedoutthatoneofhisfriendswashitbyatrainanddied,whichleftanemotionalscaronhim.(原来，他的一个朋友被火车撞死了，这给他留下了情感上的伤疤。)”可知，一位朋友的去世使斯蒂芬·金非常伤心。故选D。26．词句猜测题。根据划线词前半句“King,lateron,droppedoutofschoolduetosomeserioushealthconcernsandwastoldthathehadtoenlist(入伍)againthenextfall,(后来，金因为一些严重的健康问题而辍学，并被告知他必须在第二年秋天再次入伍，)”可知，金后来因为一些严重的健康问题而辍学，这是一件令人泄气的事，所以demotivated意为Discouraged“使泄气”之意。故选A。27．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“PeopleusedtoacknowledgetheKingfamilybytheirloveofliterature,infactwheneverStephen’smomusedtogoout,shedidn’thireababysitter,forthekidsusedtoreadnovelstoeachothersotheywouldnotgetbored.(人们过去常常以他们对文学的热爱来承认金一家，事实上，每当斯蒂芬的妈妈出去时，她都不会雇保姆，因为孩子们过去常常互相读小说，这样他们就不会感到无聊。)”可知，孩子们通过给彼此读故事来“自娱自乐”（entertainthemselves），不需要成人照顾。故选C。CWhileformanyachef,servingupthefanciest(最优质的)andmostdeliciousmealsisthefinalaim,RudolfBrandhasanextraaim:fightingfoodwaste.Hebelievesthatwithhisdishes,hecanhaveabiginfluenceonpeople’swayofthinkingaboutfoodandfoodwaste.With22yearsofexperience,includingMichelin-starredrestaurantsinLondonandAmsterdam,hehasseenalotoffoodwastedinhiscareer.Sowhatisthebestwaytostopthis?Forhim,itreallycomesdowntooneimportantthing:“Ratherthanthinkaboutwhatyouwanttocook,lookattheleftthings,what’savailable(可利用的),andthenmakeamenu.Thisiswhateverychefshoulddo.”He’sclearonhissolution.“Losethatfanciness,andlookatthequalityoftheproductandtheflavor(风味),”Rudolfexplains.“Therearetoomanychefswhoaretryingtomaketheirdishtoofancy.Theywanttohaveonlythebiggestseafish.Ortheymakeadishwithonlytheheartofthecabbage,onlyusingthebestleaves,andthentheythrowawaytherest.”Heshakeshisheadattheideaofsuchwaste.Heknowsthatoneofhissuppliers—alocalfarm—isleftwithagrowingfoodmountainwhentopMichelin-starredchefsonlybuytheprizedcutsofmeatinsteadoforderingthewholeleg.Injustthreeorfourweeks,thefarmisleftwith1,000legsoflambinthefreezer.“Andthat’sjustonesupplier,”hesays.Whileotherchefswillonlyacceptthebestingredients(原料)fromtheirsuppliers,ifsomethingissmallerordamagedorhasafewblackbits,Rudolfisstillgoingtouseit.“JustbecauseI’llacceptproduceofaslightlylowerqualitydoesn’tmeanI’mgoingtoservefoodofalessquality.It’smyjobtoturnthatintogoodqualityfoodontheplate,”hesays.Asachef,hethinkshehasadutynotonlytocookdeliciousfood,butalsotoreducefoodwaste.28．WhatisRudolf’sextragoalwithhisdishes?A．Tocreatethefanciestmealsever. B．Toeducatethepubliconfoodwaste.C．Toencouragepeopletocookbythemselves. D．TostartacareerinMichelin-starredrestaurants.29．WhatdoesRudolfsayaboutmanychefs?A．Theycaretoomuchaboutflavor. B．Theyaretoochoosyaboutingredients.C．Theysatisfycustomers’needstothefull. D．Theywouldliketotryoutnewcookingmethods.30．WhatproblemdofoodsuppliersfaceaccordingtoRudolf?A．Theyoverproducegreatly. B．Theystruggletowinorders.C．Theyfailtostoretheirproductsproperly. D．Theyhavemanyunwantedleftingredients.31．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesRudolf?A．Influential. B．Energetic. C．Poor. D．Responsible.【答案】28．B29．B30．D31．D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了厨师RudolfBrand在制作美食的同时，还有对抗食物浪费的额外目标，他想要影响人们对食物和食物浪费的看法。28．细节理解题。根据第一段“Whileformanyachef,servingupthefanciest(最优质的)andmostdeliciousmealsisthefinalaim,RudolfBrandhasanextraaim:fightingfoodwaste.Hebelievesthatwithhisdishes,hecanhaveabiginfluenceonpeople’swayofthinkingaboutfoodandfoodwaste.(虽然对于许多厨师来说，提供最优质、最美味的饭菜是最终目标，但RudolfBrand还有一个额外的目标：与食物浪费作斗争。他相信，通过他的菜肴，他可以对人们对食物和食物浪费的看法产生很大的影响。)”可知，RudolfBrand做食物的额外目标是与食物浪费作斗争，他想通过自己做的食物来影响人们对食物和食物浪费的看法，由此可知，他想要教育公众关于食物浪费的问题。故选B。29．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Therearetoomanychefswhoaretryingtomaketheirdishtoofancy.Theywanttohaveonlythebiggestseafish.Ortheymakeadishwithonlytheheartofthecabbage,onlyusingthebestleaves,andthentheythrowawaytherest.(有太多的厨师试图让他们的菜太花哨。他们只想吃最大的海鱼。或者他们只用卷心菜的心，只用最好的叶子做一道菜，然后把剩下的扔掉。)”可推测出，许多厨师对食材太过挑剔。故选B。30．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Heknowsthatoneofhissuppliers—alocalfarm—isleftwithagrowingfoodmountainwhentopMichelin-starredchefsonlybuytheprizedcutsofmeatinsteadoforderingthewholeleg.Injustthreeorfourweeks,thefarmisleftwith1,000legsoflambinthefreezer.(他知道，当米其林星级厨师只购买珍贵的肉块而不是订购整条腿时，他的供应商之一——一家当地农场——留下了越来越多的食物山。在短短三到四周的时间里，农场的冰箱里就剩下了1000条羊腿。)”可知，由于米其林星级厨师只购买珍贵的肉块而不是整条羊腿，这导致供应商的农场里剩下了许多羊腿，由此可推测，食物供应商面临的问题是他们剩下了许多不被需要的食材。故选D。31．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“JustbecauseI’llacceptproduceofaslightlylowerqualitydoesn’tmeanI’mgoingtoservefoodofalessquality.It’smyjobtoturnthatintogoodqualityfoodontheplate(仅仅因为我会接受质量稍低的农产品，并不意味着我会提供质量较低的食物。我的工作就是把它变成盘子里的优质食物)”和“Asachef,hethinkshehasadutynotonlytocookdeliciousfood,butalsotoreducefoodwaste.(作为一名厨师，他认为自己不仅有责任做美味的食物，还有责任减少食物浪费。)”可知，Rudolf虽然会接受质量较次的食材，但他依然会把这些食材做成优质食物提供给顾客，他认为自己有责任在做美味食物的同时减少食物浪费，由此可推测出，他是一个有责任心的人。故选D。DInanagewheresmartphonesgoverndailyroutines,researchersareuncoveringsubtlecognitivetrade-offs(权衡)associatedwithover-relianceondigitaltools.A2023CambridgeUniversitystudytracking1,200participantsrevealedthathabitualusersofnavigationappsshowed23%weakerspatialmemorycomparedtotraditionalmapreaders.FunctionalMRI(磁共振成像)scansdemonstratedreducedhippocampal(海马体的)activityinGPS-dependentindividualswhenrecallingroutes,whiletraditionalnavigatorsexhibitedstrongerneuralconnectionsinmemory-relatedregions.Thecognitiveimpactextendsbeyondnavigation.Languagelearnersusingappswithautomatedtranslationfeaturesscored15%lowerinspontaneoussentenceconstructionteststhantextbook-basedpeers,accordingtoaTokyoUniversityexperiment.Dr.EleanorRichards,acognitivescientistatOxford,explains:“Ourbrainsadapttotechnologicalshortcutsbyweakeningunderusedneuralpathways—likemusclesatrophy(萎缩)withoutexercise.”Thisawarenesshassparkedcounter-movementsinbotheducationandcorporatesectors.Germany’sTechSphereGmbH,asoftwaredevelopmentcompany,implemented“AnalogFridays”in2022,requiringemployeestousepapernotebooksandphysicalwhiteboardseveryFriday.Post-implementationsurveysshoweda19%increaseinmeetingparticipationand27%reductioninself-reportedmentalfatigue.“We’renotanti-technology,”clarifiesCEOMarkusWeber,“butstrategicseparationhelpsreclaimcognitivebandwidth(认知带宽).”Similarpolicieshavebeenadoptedby12%ofSiliconValleystartupsasper2023industryreports.Educationalreformsmirrorthisshift.TheUniversityofAmsterdamnowmandates(授权)handwrittenlecturenotesforfirst-yearstudents,resultingin14%higherexamscorescomparedtolaptopusers.StationerymanufacturerMoleskinereported40%growthinplannersalessince2021,with35%purchasedbytechprofessionalsseekingscreen-freeproductivitymethods.Neuroscientistsproposebalancedsolutions.Dr.Richardsadvocates“cognitivezoning(认知分区)”:usingdigitaltoolsfordatastoragewhilereservinganalogmethodsforcriticalthinkingtasks.AsAIintegrationaccelerates,thechallengeliesnotinrejectingtechnology,butindesigninghybridsystemsthatpreserveessentialhumancognitivecapacities.32．WhatdidtheCambridgestudyfindaboutGPSusers?A．Decreasedhippocampalactivity. B．Enhancedmemoryretentionby23%.C．Improvedrouteplanningspeed. D．Strongerneuralconnections.33．WhatpolicydidTechSphereGmbHapply?A．Programsforweeklydigitaltraining. B．Requiredweeklypapertoolsuse.C．Smartphonesbannedinmeetings. D．Screentimeextendedforallowances.34．Whatdoes“cognitivezoning”recommend?A．Restrictingdigitaltoolstoprotecthumancognitivecapacities.B．Prioritizingdatastorageefficiency.C．Distinguishingtasktypesfordigitaloranalogprocessing.D．IncreasingAIintegrationspeed.35．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsdigitaltools?A．Critical. B．Supportive. C．Objective. D．Unfavorable.【答案】32．A33．B34．C35．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是过度依赖数字工具对人类认知能力的影响，以及如何通过平衡使用数字与传统工具来保护大脑功能。32．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“FunctionalMRIscansdemonstratedreducedhippocampalactivityinGPS-dependentindividualswhenrecallingroutes,whiletraditionalnavigatorsexhibitedstrongerneuralconnectionsinmemory-relatedregions.(功能性磁共振成像显示，依赖GPS的人在回忆路线时海马体活动减少，而传统导航者在记忆相关区域表现出更强的神经连接。)”可知，剑桥大学的研究发现，GPS用户的海马体活动减少。故选A项。33．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Germany’sTechSphereGmbH,asoftwaredevelopmentcompany,implemented“AnalogFridays”in2022,requiringemployeestousepapernotebooksandphysicalwhiteboardseveryFriday.(德国软件开发公司TechSphereGmbH在2022年实施了“模拟星期五”政策，要求员工每周五使用纸质笔记本和实体白板。)”可知，TechSphereGmbH实施了“模拟星期五”政策，要求员工每周五使用纸质工具。故选B项。34．细节理解题。根据尾段中的“Neuroscientistsproposebalancedsolutions.Dr.Richardsadvocates“cognitivezoning(认知分区)”:usingdigitaltoolsfordatastoragewhilereservinganalogmethodsforcriticalthinkingtasks.(神经科学家提出了平衡的解决方案。理查兹博士提倡“认知分区”：使用数字工具进行数据存储，同时保留模拟方法用于批判性思维任务。)”可知，“认知分区”建议区分任务类型进行数字或模拟处理。故选C项。35．推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是尾段中的“AsAIintegrationaccelerates,thechallengeliesnotinrejectingtechnology,butindesigninghybridsystemsthatpreserveessentialhumancognitivecapacities.(随着人工智能整合的加速，挑战不在于拒绝技术，而在于设计能够保留人类核心认知能力的混合系统。)”可知，作者并未完全否定数字工具，而是强调需要设计混合系统来保护人类的认知能力，表明其态度是客观的。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Napping(小憩)duringthedayisanancientcustomthatispracticedworldwide.Shortnaps,whichlastfrom20to30minutesattherighttime,canbenefitvitalityandoverallhealthincountlessways.Shortnapscanstrengthenmentalfunctioningandmemory,aswellasimproveenergy,attentionandreactiontime.36Becausenappingseemstoimprovecreativethinking,somecompanieshaveattemptedtointroducenappingrooms.What’smore,itappearsthebrainusesnaptimetoprocessinformationgatheredthroughouttheday.37Astudyrevealedthatshortnapsalsohelpedpeoplebecomemoreconfidentandsensible,whichresultedinbetterfocusandefficiencyatwork.Nappingmayalsoleadtoanimprovedabilitytolearnnewskills,suchasagolfswing.Thisisbecausethesememoriesorskillsarestrengthenedinthebrainduringsleep.38Studiesshowthatmoreconsistentsleepwillhelplower“fightorflight”chemicalsinourbodies.Asaresult,ourbloodpressureandheartratesarenormalized.Nappingappearstohelpthisprocessforsomepeople.39Oneconditionrelatedtonappinglongerthan30minutesissleepinertia(睡后迟钝).Thiscanharmcognitive(认知的)functionfromseveralminutesuptohalfanhour.Longorlateafternoonnapscanleadtodifficultiesfallingasleepduringthenight.40So,tomaximizebenefitswhilereducingrisks,pleasekeepnapsshortintheearlyafternoontoavoidsleepinertiaandnighttimesleepdisorder.A．Butnappingcancomewithdrawbacksaswell.B．Thereasonforthisphenomenonismostlyunknown.C．Therefore,thatappearstoimproveproblem-solvingabilities.D．Nappingshouldnotserveasanoptionforenoughnighttimerest.E．Shortnapsarealsolinkedtoincreasedproductivityandcreativity.F．Nappingcanalsobeconnectedtoareducedriskofheartdiseases.G．Besides,forthoseaged60andup,longernapsmayincreasetheriskforheartdiseases.【答案】36．E37．C38．F39．A40．G【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了白天小憩这一古老习俗在全球的普遍性，并阐述了短时间小憩的益处及负面影响。36．根据上文“Shortnapscanstrengthenmentalfunctioningandmemory,aswellasimproveenergy,attentionandreactiontime.(短时间小憩可以增强精神功能和记忆力，还能提高精力、注意力和反应时间。)”可知，上文阐述了短时间小憩的益处，E选项“Shortnapsarealsolinkedtoincreasedproductivityandcreativity.(短时间小憩还与提高生产力和创造力有关。)”进一步说明了短时间小憩的另一个益处，即提高生产力和创造力，与上文内容紧密相连，符合语境。故选E项。37．根据上文“What’smore,itappearsthebrainusesnaptimetoprocessinformationgatheredthroughouttheday.(此外，大脑似乎会利用小憩时间来处理一整天收集到的信息。)”以及下文“Astudyrevealedthatshortnapsalsohelpedpeoplebecomemoreconfidentandsensible,whichresultedinbetterfocusandefficiencyatwork.(一项研究表明，短时间小憩还能帮助人们变得更加自信和理性，从而提高工作中的专注力和效率。)”可知，上文提到大脑利用小憩时间处理信息，下文则说明短时间小憩带来的好处，C选项“Therefore,thatappearstoimproveproblem-solvingabilities.(因此，这似乎能提高解决问题的能力。)”承接上文，说明大脑处理信息后可能带来的结果，即提高解决问题的能力，同时引出下文关于短时间小憩提高工作中专注力和效率的论述，符合语境。故选C项。38．根据下文“Studiesshowthatmoreconsistentsleepwillhelplower‘fightorfligh