2025-2026学年高一上学期期末英语模拟卷01（北师大版）（解析版）

2/22025-2026学年高一上学期期末模拟卷01英语·解析（满分150分，考试用时120分钟）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.测试范围：必修一及必修二Unit4~Unit5（北师大版）4.难度系数：0.65。5.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C.1．Whereisthemanprobablygoingnow?A．Hisbrother’shouse. B．Agiftshop. C．TheChildren’sCenter.【答案】B【原文】W:Whyareyouinsuchahurry?M:TomorrowisChildren’sDay,butIhaven’tgotagiftformybrother.2．Whoisthewomantalkingto?A．Herhusband. B．Herson. C．Herleader.【答案】A【原文】W:Haveyouaskedyourbossforleave?I’vealreadyboughttheticketsfortheconcertandcan’tcancelthem.M:Yes,andJuliehaspromisedtolookafteroursonwhileweareaway.3．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Agift. B．Atradition. C．Aparty.【答案】B【详解】W:InChina,whennewbornbabiescelebratetheirfirstbirthday,objectsareplacedaroundthemandleftforthemtograb.M:Iknowit’sanimportanttradition.Theobjectschosenaresupposedtokeepsomeindicationastochildren’sfuture.4．Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoingfirst?A．Travelingtothetown. B．Buyingthemedicine. C．Havingbreakfast.【答案】C【原文】M:Wereallymustgotothetowntobuythatmedicinerightnow.W:Ithinkthat’sOKafterwehavebreakfast.5．Whichdisasterarethespeakersexperiencing?A．Astorm.B．Aflood.C．Anearthquake.【答案】C【原文】M:Pleasegoawayfromthetallbuildingsassoonaspossible.W:Why?Theshakinghasstopped.It’sover.M:Becausethefollowingsmallearthquakescancomesoon.It’sbettertobesafethansorry.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whatarethespeakersdoing?A．Arguingaboutthelaw.B．Gettingpreparedforanaturaldisaster.C．Predictingtheeconomyofthecountry.7．Whatwillthemanbuy?A．Glasswindows. B．Plasticsheets. C．Toiletpaper.【答案】6．B7．B【原文】W:Areyoumakingpreparationsforthetyphoon?Thisyearisgoingtobeabadone.M:Iheardthegovernmentexpectsover200millionindamages.Howwillwerecover?Iremembersupplieswereshortwhenthelasttyphoonhappened.Peopleboughttoiletpaperinadvance,andtheysolditatdoublethepriceafterwards,eventhoughthat’sillegal.W:Ifinditfunnythatnomatterhowadvancedoursocietygets,naturecanstillcausesomerealdamage.M:That’swhyI’mplanningtogettheseplasticsheetstocovermywindowsincasetheybreak.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8．Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?A．Thereisnohotwater. B．Thebreakfastisratherbad. C．Theshowerhandlecan’tbeturned.9．Whatwillthewomandothismorning?A．Dosomewashing. B．Haveherhaircut. C．Havethreemeetings.【答案】8．A9．C【详解】W:Hello,isthatthefrontdesk?ThisisRoom504.M:Yes.HowcanIhelpyou?W:Iwanttotakeashower,butthereisnohotwater.M:Oh,I’msosorry.Youturnedthehandleallthewaytotheright?W:Yes,I’vebeentryingtogethotwaterfor10minutes.It’sstillfreezingcold.M:Well,alotofpeopletakeshowersbeforebreakfast.Maybeifyouwaitforawhile,itwillheatupagain.W:Wait?Ihavethreemeetingsthismorning.SoIhavetotakeashoweranddrymyhairrightnow.M:OK.Iwillsendsomeoneuprightaway.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10．Whichclubdoesthemanadvisethewomantojoin?A．Thefilmclub. B．Thetennisclub. C．Thecomputerclub.11．WhatdoesthewomandoonWednesday?A．Shegoestothecinema. B．Sheplaystheguitar. C．Sheworksout.12．WhatdoesthewomanlearnonThursday?A．Photography. B．Painting. C．Dancing.【答案】10．C11．B12．B【原文】M:Whichschoolclubsareyougoingtothisterm?W:Well,IgotothedanceclubonMondays.M:Oh.HowaboutcomingtothecomputerclubonTuesdayevenings?W:Sorry,butIhavetogotothebasketballclub.M:WhataboutWednesday?W:Igotoaclubthatdayplayingmyguitarwithotherpeople.Wepracticeintheschooltheatre.M:DoyougotothefilmclubonThursday?W:No.Ilovefilmsbutthere’saclubwhereIcanlearntopaintanddraw,soI’mdoingthatthen.OnFridays,there’saclubwhereI’mlearningtouseacamera.We’reworkingonaprojectaboutsports.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13．HowdoesNancylooktoDaniel?A．Confused. B．Excited. C．Anxious.14．WhydoesDanielmentionhisperformanceinaplay?A．TocomfortNancy. B．Toexpresshisregret C．Toshowhispride.15．WhatisNancygoingtodonextweek?A．Takeaschooltest B．Haveacheck-up. C．Goinforacompetition.16．WhatdoesDanieloffertodoforNancy?A．Rewriteherlines. B．Drivehertothetheatre. C．Helpherwiththepractice.【答案】13．C14．A15．C16．C【原文】M:HiNancy,youlookworried.What’swrong?W:Well,Daniel,haveyoueverfeltnervousonstage?M:Sure.DoyourememberthatplayIwasinafewyearsago?Iknewmylines,butIwasterrifiedtohavetorecitetheminfrontofanaudience.AssoonasIsawthecrowdofpeopledownthere,myheartbeatsofastthatIwasunabletosayasingleword.W:That’showIfeeljustthinkingaboutthespellingcompetitionnextweek.M:Ididn’tknowyoumadeittothefinals.W:I’mworriedI’llgetnervousandfreezeonstage.Imightforgethowtospelleverything,evenmyownname.Idon’tknowwhattodo.M:Nancy,Iknowthatyou’renotgoingtoforgethowtospellyourname.I’llhelpyougetthroughthis.I’llgototheschoolhallwithyoutopractice.Then,I’llteachyouanexercisemybaseballcoachtaughtme.Believeme,itworks.W:Ifeelmuchbetternow.Thanks,Daniel.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17．Whydoesn’tSusanrefusethenightshift?A．Shecandevelopherskills.B．Shecangetmoremoney.C．Shecantalktoherworkmates.18．WhatkindofnoveldoesSusanlikemost?A．Romancenovels. B．Detectivenovels. C．Sciencefiction.19．HowdoesSusankeepherselfawakeatnight?A．Bytalkingtoothers. B．Byreadingnovels. C．Bydrinkingcoffee.20．HowlongcanSusanrestaftereverynightshift?A．Forhalfaday. B．Foroneday. C．Fortwodays.【答案】17．B18．A19．C20．B【原文】Susanworksasanurseinahospital.Forher,everydayisthesame.Althoughshesometimeshastobeonthenightshift,shethinksitisfinesinceshecanearnmorethanonthedayshift,andtherearen’ttoomanypeoplewalkingaroundatnight,sothatshecanreadherfavoriteromancenovelsquietly.Evenifthere’smoreworktobedoneatnight,Susan’scolleaguesarealwayswillingtohelpher.Soitisnottooheavyforher.Sheonlyhastomakesureshedoesn’tfallasleepatherdeskandanswersallthepatients’callsthefirsttime.That’swhysheoftendrinksatleasttwocupsofcoffeebeforegoingtothehospital.However,aftereverynightshift,Susanhasonedayoff.Thus,shehasplentyoftimetorest.Susanhasalwaysdreamedtobeadoctoroneday,andsheisplanningtocontinueherstudiestorealizeherdream.Inthisway,shecandevelopherskillsanddevoteherselftohelpingmorepeopleinthefuture.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHerearesomeChinatownsforthoseoutsideofChinawishingtocelebratetheChineseNewYear.LondonAlthoughitmaynotbeaslargeoraslong-builtasothers,havingonlybecomeacenterfortheChinesecommunityduringthe1950s,London’sChinatownisaperfectlyformedfireworkthatknowshowtopresentitselfwithabang.Decoratedwithredlanterns,previousyearshaveseenshowswithacrobatics(杂技),martialarts,dancesandoperasnearby.SanFranciscoSanFrancisco’sChinatownisperhapsthemostfamousintheUSA．Thecitywasthemainentry-pointfortheChinesewhohadcrossedthePacifictotheUSAduringtheearly19thcentury.BetweenGrantAvenueandStocktonStreet,thishistoricareaisalocaltreasure,attractingmorevisitorsperyearthantheGoldenGateBridge.BangkokWithanabout100-year-oldhistory,theThaicapital’sChinatowncontainscomplexstreetsofferingallkindsoftastyfood,clothesandtoys.SundayMarketdaysaresuchagoodtimetogetthefullatmosphereoftheneighborhood.Theareaisalsofamousforitsgolddealers,andtherearelotsofgoldshopsalongtheroad.PortLouisFoundinPortLouis,thisMauritianChinatownshowstheislandnation’srichmulticulturaldiversity.Builtintheearlyyearsofthe20thcenturybysettlersfromChina,itstinyshopsandrestaurantsservelocalsandvisitors.DuringtheSpringFestival,themostexcitingsightisthedragondancesonRueRoyalewhenChinesemusiciansanddancersperformthetraditionaldragondancesthroughthestreets.21．Whichofthefollowinghasthelongesthistory?A．London’sChinatown.B．SanFrancisco’sChinatown.C．PortLouis’Chinatown.D．Bangkok’sChinatown.22．What’sspecialaboutBangkok’sChinatown?A．ItiscrowdedwithChineserestaurants.B．ItisthemajorentrancefortheChinese.C．Itiswell-knownforitsgoldbusiness.D．Youcanenjoyfireworksthere.23．Ifyouwanttoenjoythedragondances,youcangoto________.A．RueRoyaleinPortLouis B．SundayMarketinBangkokC．GrantAvenueinSanFrancisco D．theChinesecommunityinLondon【答案】21．B22．C23．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了四个外国城市的唐人街为庆祝中国新年所做的一些准备活动。21．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Althoughitmaynotbeaslargeoraslong-builtasothers,havingonlybecomeacenterfortheChinesecommunityduringthe1950s”（尽管伦敦的唐人街可能没有其他城市那么大，也没有那么长，只是在上世纪50年代才成为华人社区的一个中心）可知，伦敦的唐人街开始在20世纪50年代；第三段“SanFrancisco’sChinatownisperhapsthemostfamousintheUnitedStates．Thecitywasthemainentry-pointforChinesewhohadcrossedthePacifictotheUSAduringtheearly19thcentury.”（旧金山的唐人街可能是美国最有名的。这座城市是19世纪早期跨越太平洋来到美国的中国人的主要入口。）；第四段中“Withanabout100-year-oldhistory,theThaicapital’sChinatowncontainscomplexstreetsofferingallkindsoftastyfood,clothesandtoys.”（拥有大约100年历史的泰国首都唐人街拥有复杂的街道，提供各种美味的食物，衣服和玩具。）可知，曼谷的唐人街拥有大约100年历史；最后一段中“FoundinPortLouis,thisMauritianChinatownshowstheislandnation’srichmulticulturaldiversity.Builtintheearlyyearsofthe20thcenturybysettlersfromChina,itstinyshopsandrestaurantsservelocalsandvisitors.”（建立于路易港的这个毛里求斯唐人街展示了这个岛国丰富的多元文化多样性。这座由中国移民建于20世纪早期的小商店和餐馆为当地人和游客提供服务。）可知毛里求斯的唐人街20世纪开始。综合比较得知，旧金山的唐人街历史最悠久，开始在19世纪早期，故选B。22．细节理解题。根据文章第四段的句子“Theareaisalsoknownforitsgolddealers,whoseshopslinetheroad.”（该地区还以沿路的黄金交易商而闻名。）由此可知，曼谷的唐人街以黄金生意出名，故选C。23．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的句子“DuringtheChineseSpringFestival，themostexcitingsightistheDragonDancesonRueRoyalewhenChinesemusiciansanddancersperformthetraditionalLiondancesthroughthestreets.”（在中国春节期间，最令人兴奋的景象是皇家街的舞龙，中国的音乐家和舞者表演传统的舞狮穿过街道。）由此可知，如果你想欣赏舞龙，你可以去毛里求斯的RueRoyaleinPortLouis，故选A。BMyparentslovetennisandthey'remembersofatennisclub.Myolderbrotherwasreallygoodatitandtheysupportedhim—takinghimtolessonsallthetime.SowhenIannouncedIwantedtobeatennischampionwhenIgrewup,Ijustintendedforthemtonoticeme.Mymotherlaughed.SheknewIcouldn'tpossiblybeserious,Iwasjusta4-year-oldkid!Later,Ijoinedtheclub'sjuniorcoachinggroupandeventuallytookpartinmyfirstpropercontest,confidentthatmyteamwoulddowell.Wewon,whichwasfantastic,butIwasn'tsosuccessful.Ididn'tevenwanttobeintheteamphotobecauseIdidn'tfeelIdeservedtobe.Whenmycoachaskedwhathappenedinmyfinalmatch,Ididn'tknowwhattosay.Icouldn'tbelieveI'dlost.IthoughtIwasthebetterplayer.ButeverytimeIattacked,theotherplayerdefendedwell.Icouldn'texplaintheresult.Afterthat,Idecidedtolistenmorecarefullytomycoachbecausehehadlotsoftips.IrealisedthatIneedtherightattitudetobeawinner.OncourtIhaveaplanbutsometimestheotherguywilldosomethingunexpectedsoI'llchangeit.IfIloseapoint,Idomybesttoforgetitandfindawaytowinthenextone.Attournaments,it'simpossibletoavoidplayerswhoexplodeinanger.Lotsofplayerscanbenegative,includingmyselfsometimes.Ifeltangryandnearlybrokemyracket!Butmycoachhashelpedmedevelopwaystocontrolthosefeelings.Afterall,thejudgeshaveahardjobandyoujusthavetoaccepttheirdecisions.MycoachdemandsthatItraininthegymtomakesureI'mstrongrighttotheendofatournament.I'mgettinggoodresults:myshotsaremoreaccurateandthere'sachancethatIcouldbeachampiononedaywithhardwork.24．Theauthorsaidthathewasgoingtobeatennischampioninorderto________.A．pleasehisparents B．annoyhisolderbrotherC．getsomeattention D．persuadepeoplethathewasserious25．Howdidtheauthorfeelafterhisfirstimportantcompetition?A．Hewasconfusedabouthisdefeat. B．Hewasproudtobeamemberofthewinningteam.C．Hewasfondofthewayhetreatedanotherplayer. D．Hewasamazedthathehadgotsofarinthetournament.26．Whatdoestheauthortrytorememberwhenhe'sonthecourt?A．Followhisgameplan. B．Respecttheotherplayer.C．Don'tlettheotherplayersurprisehim. D．Don'tkeepthinkingabouthismistakes.27．Whatdoestheauthorsayabouthisbehaviourintournaments?A．Hetriestokeepcalmduringthegame. B．Hebrokehisracketoncewhenhewasangry.C．Hestaysawayfromplayerswhobehavebadly.D．Hefounditdifficulttodealwithonejudge'sdecisions.【答案】24．C25．A26．D27．A【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了我对网球的兴趣的转变，从我参加第一次的输掉比赛，赛场上我对我的表现很困惑，到最终我在接受了教练的建议后，我取得好的成绩。24．细节理解题。根据第一段中“SowhenIannouncedIwantedtobeatennischampionwhenIgrewup,Ijustintendedforthemtonoticeme.(所以当我宣布长大后想成为网球冠军时，我只是想让他们注意到我)”可知，作者说他将成为一名网球冠军，目的是想获得一些关注。故选C。25．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Whenmycoachaskedwhathappenedinmyfinalmatch,Ididn'tknowwhattosay.Icouldn'tbelieveI'dlost.IthoughtIwasthebetterplayer.ButeverytimeIattacked,theotherplayerdefendedwell.Icouldn'texplaintheresult.(当我的教练问我最后一场比赛发生了什么，我不知道该说什么。我不敢相信我输了。我以为我是更好的选手。但是每次我进攻的时候，对方防守很好。我无法解释结果)”可知，作者对他在第一次重要比赛中的失败感到困惑。故选A。26．细节理解题。根据第三段中“OncourtIhaveaplanbutsometimestheotherguywilldosomethingunexpectedsoI'llchangeit.IfIloseapoint,Idomybesttoforgetitandfindawaytowinthenextone.(在球场上我有个计划，但是有时候对方会做些意想不到的事情，所以我会改变计划。如果我输了一分，我会尽力忘记它，想办法赢下一分)”可知，当他在球场上的时候，作者试着不去想他的错误。故选D。27．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Ifeltangryandnearlybrokemyracket!Butmycoachhashelpedmedevelopwaystocontrolthosefeelings.(我很生气，差点摔坏球拍!但我的教练帮我找到了控制这种感觉的方法)”可知，作者在比赛中尽量保持冷静。故选A。CMostpeoplehavemapappsontheirphonesthatcanshowtheirlocationandguidethemtowheretheywanttogo.Buthowdotheseappsknowyourlocationatanytimeorplace?Theyfindyoubyusingsatellitenavigationsystems（卫星导航系统）.Asatnavsystemusesgroupsofsatellitestofindtheuser’slocation.Thislocationinformationisthensenttoareceiver,suchasasmartphone.ThefirstsatnavsystemwastheGlobalPositioningSystem（GPS）,whichbelongstotheUnitedStates.Firstusedin1964,thesystemistheworld’sleadingsatnavsystem.ButChina’ssatnavsystem,Beidou,hasovertaken（超过）GPSinsize,Japan’sNikkeiAsianReviewreported.ChinasentBeidou’sfirstnavigationsatelliteintospacein2000.ChinaalsobecamethethirdcountrytobuildasatnavsystemaftertheUSandRussia,People’sDailyreported.Asofrightnow,over30countriesinAfricaandtheMiddleEastareusingtheBeidousystem.Withitsworld-leadingtechnology,BeidouisleadingChinesecitizenstoabetterlifebyplayingsignificantrolesindifferentareas，accordingtoXinhuaNewsAgency.Forexample,asofApril,over6.2millionvehiclesinChinawereusingBeidoufornavigation,accordingtoareportontheBeidousystem’sconstructionanddevelopment.Atthenewly-builtBeijingDaxingInternationalAirport,Beidouhasbeenusedtokeeptrackofloadingandunloadingvehiclesindoorsandoutdoors.Whentheairportfullyopens,eachbaggagecartwillhaveBeidounavigationequipmenttohelppassengersgettheirluggagefaster.28．Whatdomapappsdependontofindauser’slocation?A．satellites B．computers C．receivers D．smartphones29．Whichcountrybuilttheworld’ssecondsatnavsystem?A．TheUS. B．Japan. C．China. D．Russia.30．WhatdoweknowabouttheBeidousystem?A．Itsfirstgroupofsatelliteswassentintospacein2001. B．Itoffersservicestoothercountries.C．ThenumberofsatellitesitusesisthesameasGPS. D．Ithasbecometheworld’sbestsatnavsystem.31．Whatdothelasttwoparagraphstellus?A．WhymostvehiclesareusingtheBeidousystem. B．HowBeidouwillimproveservicequalityatairports.C．HowtheBeidousystemisbeingused. D．WhowillbeinterestedinusingBeidou.【答案】28．A29．D30．B31．C【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国在卫星导航系统上的发展和北斗给世界带来的便利。28．细节理解题。根据第一段“Buthowdotheseappsknowyourlocationatanytimeorplace?Theyfindyoubyusingsatellitenavigation（satnav）systems（卫星导航系统）.（但这些应用程序是如何知道你在任何时间或地点的位置的呢?他们通过卫星导航系统找到你。）”可知，地图应用程序依靠卫星来找到用户的位置。故选A。29．细节理解题。根据第四段“ChinaalsobecamethethirdcountrytobuildasatnavsystemaftertheUSandRussia,People’sDailyreported.（据《人民日报》报道，中国也成为继美国和俄罗斯之后第三个建立卫星导航系统的国家。）”可知，是俄罗斯建造了世界上第二个卫星导航系统。故选D。30．细节理解题。根据第四段“Asofrightnow,over30countriesinAfricaandtheMiddleEastareusingtheBeidousystem.（截至目前，非洲和中东地区已有30多个国家在使用北斗系统。）”可知，北斗系统向其他国家提供服务。故选B。31．主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“Withitsworld-leadingtechnology,BeidouisleadingChinesecitizenstoabetterlifebyplayingsignificant（重要的）rolesindifferentareas，accordingtoXinhuaNewsAgency.（据新华社报道，凭借其世界领先的技术，北斗正通过在不同领域发挥重要作用，引领中国公民过上更好的生活。）”以及最后一段说明了北斗在北京大兴国际机场的具体运用，可知，最后两段主要告诉我们北斗系统是如何被使用的。故选C。DRegularlyheadingafootballleadstoameasurabledropinbrainfunctionovertwoyearsinactiveplayers,andcouldincreasetheriskofdementia(痴呆)inlaterlife,astudyledbyDoctorMichaelLipton,aresearcherfromColumbiaUniversityhasfound.WestBromwichAlbionplayerJeffAstlediedattheageof59afterhavingdevelopedabraindisease.Adoctorsaidthathisheadingoffootballsduringhiscareerhaddamagedhisbrainandruledthathehaddiedfroman“industrialdisease”.Theresearcherstook148footballerswithanaverageageof27,threequartersofwhomweremaleandaquarterfemale.Theydevelopedaquestionnairetofigureouthowoftenthesefootballplayersheadedtheball.Theplayersweregivenmemoryandlearningtests,andtookaformofMRIscanning(扫描),whichcanexaminethebrainstructurebyrecordingthemovementofwatermolecules(分子)throughthetissue.Theythentookthesametestsagaintwoyearslater.“Ouranalysisfoundthathighlevelsofheadingoverthetwo-yearperiodwereconnectedwithchangesinstructuresimilartofindingsseeninbraininjuries,”saidDoctorMichaelLipton.“Highlevelsofheadingwerealsoconnectedwithadropinlearningperformance.Thisisthefirststudytoshowachangeofbrainstructureoverthelongtermrelatedtoheaddamageinsoccer.”“Thereiswideconcernforbraininjuryinthepotentialforsoccerheadingtocauselong-termadverseeffectsonbrainsinparticular,”Liptonexplained.ThathasledtheFootballAssociationtoputaban(禁令)onheadingforchildrenunder12inyouthteams.TheEnglandFootballwebsiterecentlynotesofitstrialtobanheadingforchildrenthatit“cansupportthedevelopmentofmoreskillfulplayers…contributingtotheimprovedtechnicalabilityofouryoungplayers.”32．WhydoestheauthormentionJeffAstle?A．Tocomparehimwithother148players. B．Toexplainwhatindustrialdiseaseis.C．TosupportDoctorMichael’sfindings. D．Tomemorizeatalentedplayer.33．Howdidtheresearcherscarryoutthestudy?A．Byconductingmedicalchecksofthebrain. B．Byreviewingpreviousresults.C．Bygroupingmaleandfemalefootballplayers. D．Bycontrollingactivitiesofthebrain.34．Whatisthemainfocusofthestudyonfootballers?A．Theinfluenceofheadingonbraindiseases.B．Thelong-termeffectofheadingonbrainstructure.C．Thepotentialtosufferdementiaintheirschoollife.D．TheLackoftechnicalabilityinyoungfootballplayers.35．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“adverse”inparagraph5mean?A．Negative. B．Protective. C．Direct. D．Special.【答案】32．C33．A34．B35．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了MichaelLipton的一项研究发现，在两年的时间里，经常头球会导致活跃球员的大脑功能明显下降，并可能增加晚年患痴呆症的风险。32．推理判断题。根据第一段“Regularlyheadingafootballleadstoameasurabledropinbrainfunctionovertwoyearsinactiveplayers,andcouldincreasetheriskofdementia(痴呆)inlaterlife,astudyledbyDoctorMichaelLipton,aresearcherfromColumbiaUniversityhasfound.(哥伦比亚大学研究人员MichaelLipton博士领导的一项研究发现，在两年的时间里，经常头球会导致活跃球员的大脑功能明显下降，并可能增加晚年患痴呆症的风险)”和第二段“WestBromwichAlbionplayerJeffAstlediedattheageof59afterhavingdevelopedabraindisease.Adoctorsaidthathisheadingoffootballsduringhiscareerhaddamagedhisbrainandruledthathehaddiedfroman“industrialdisease”.(WestBromwichAlbion球员JeffAstle在患上脑部疾病后去世，享年59岁。一位医生说，他在足球生涯中的头球损伤了他的大脑，并裁定他死于一种“工业疾病”)”可推知，作者提到JeffAstle是为了支持Michael的博士的发现。故选C。33．推理判断题。根据第三段“Theplayersweregivenmemoryandlearningtests,andtookaformofMRIscanning(扫描),whichcanexaminethebrainstructurebyrecordingthemovementofwatermolecules(分子)throughthetissue.Theythentookthesametestsagaintwoyearslater.(参与者接受了记忆和学习测试，并接受了一种核磁共振扫描，这种扫描可以通过记录水分子在组织中的运动来检查大脑结构。两年后，他们又进行了同样的测试)”可推知，研究人员是通过对大脑进行医学检查来进行这项研究的。故选A。34．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Ouranalysisfoundthathighlevelsofheadingoverthetwo-yearperiodwereconnectedwithchangesinstructuresimilartofindingsseeninbraininjuries(我们的分析发现，在两年的时间里，高水平的头球与脑损伤中类似的结构变化有关)”和“Highlevelsofheadingwerealsoconnectedwithadropinlearningperformance.Thisisthefirststudytoshowachangeofbrainstructureoverthelongtermrelatedtoheaddamageinsoccer.(高水平的头球也与学习成绩下降有关。这是第一个研究表明，长期来看，大脑结构的变化与足球造成的头部损伤有关)”可知，研究足球运动员的主要焦点是头球对大脑结构的长期影响。故选B。35．词句猜测题。第四段“Highlevelsofheadingwerealsoconnectedwithadropinlearningperformance.Thisisthefirststudytoshowachangeofbrainstructureoverthelongtermrelatedtoheaddamageinsoccer.(高水平的头球也与学习成绩下降有关。这是第一个研究表明，长期来看，大脑结构的变化与足球造成的头部损伤有关)”说明大脑结构的变化与足球造成的头部损伤有关，因此划线词所在句子表示“人们广泛关注足球头球对大脑的潜在伤害，尤其是对大脑的长期不利影响”，划线词adverse意为“不利的，有害的”，和negative意思相近。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。PlayingamusicalinstrumentYoungorold,itislotsoffuntoplayamusicalinstrument.Therearemanydifferenttypestochoosefromincludingguitar,piano,trumpet,andsaxophone.Makeachoice.First,youneedtochooseamusicalinstrumentthatyouwouldliketolearnhowtoplay.Youmightalsothinkaboutthekindofmusicyou’dliketoplay.36Getyourequipment.Nowyouhavechosenyourinstrument,youneedtobuyone.37Someschoolswilllendstudentsinstruments.Orperhapsyoucanlookinyourlocalpaperoronlineforasecond-handinstrument,astheyareusuallymuchcheaper.38Afteryouhaveyourinstrument,youshouldthencreatealearningplan.Thismightincludeprivatelessonswithamusicteacherorgoingtomusicclasses.Somepeoplechoosetolearnontheirown.Youcanusebooks,movies,websites,oryoucanevenwatchvideoonlineMakemusic.Onceyouhavelearnedenoughtoplayasong,youshouldstartplayingforpeople.39Oryoumightplayforyourmusicclass.Onceyoubecomeconfident,youcanthenplayforlargergroupsofpeople.Keepgoing.Tobecomeagoodmusician,youhavetokeepplaying.Keeplearningasmuchasyoucanandpracticeoften.40Asyoulearnmore,youwillgetbetterandbetter.A．Improveyourskill.B．Getreadytolearn.C．Itisagoodideatostartwithyourfamilyorfriends.D．Ifitisexpensive,youmightliketoborrowoneinstead.E．Challengeyourselftolearnmoredifficultsongsaswell.F．Tolearnquickly,yourplanmayincludedifferentlearningskills.G．Thiswillprobablybethekindofmusicthatyoualsoenjoylisteningto.【答案】36．G37．D38．B39．C40．E【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何学习演奏一门乐器。36．根据上文“First,youneedtochooseamusicalinstrumentthatyouwouldliketolearnhowtoplay.Youmightalsothinkaboutthekindofmusicyou’dliketoplay.(首先，你需要选择一种你想学习如何演奏的乐器。你也可以考虑你想要演奏的音乐类型)”可知，本句承接上文说明选择哪种音乐类型：你喜欢听的那种音乐。G项：Thiswillprobablybethekindofmusicthatyoualsoenjoylisteningto.(这可能是你也喜欢听的那种音乐。)符合语境。故选G。37．根据上文“Nowyouhavechosenyourinstrument,youneedtobuyone.Ifitisexpensive,youmightliketoborrowoneinstead.(现在你选好了乐器，你需要买一个。如果它很贵，你可能会想借一个)”以及下文“Orperhapsyoucanlookinyourlocalpaperoronlineforasecond-handinstrument,astheyareusuallymuchcheaper.(或者你可以在当地的报纸或网上找二手乐器，因为它们通常要便宜得多)”可知，本句是在说明借乐器的途径。C选项中lend对应上文中borrow。D项：Ifitisexpensive,youmightliketoborrowoneinstead.(如果它很贵，你可能想借一件代替。)符合语境。故选D。38．根据本段内容“Afteryouhaveyourinstrumentyoushouldthencreatealearningplan.Thismightincludeprivatelessonswithamusicteacherorgoingtomusicclasses.Somepeoplechoosetolearnontheirown.Youcanusebooks,movies,websites,oryoucanevenwatchvideoonline.(有了乐器之后，你应该制定一个学习计划。这可能包括与音乐老师的私人课程或去上音乐课。有些人选择自学。你可以使用书籍、电影、网站，甚至可以在线观看视频)”可知，本段的主旨是学习乐器的准备工作。B项：Getreadytolearn.(准备好去学习。)符合语境。故选B。39．根据上文“Onceyouhavelearnedenoughtoplayasong,youshouldstartplayingforpeople.(一旦你学会了演奏一首歌，你就应该开始为别人演奏了)”以及下文“Oryoumightplayforyourmusicclass.Onceyoubecomeconfident,youcanthenplayforlargergroupsofpeople.(或者你可以在音乐课上演奏。一旦你变得自信，你就可以为更多人演奏)”可知，本句是在列举可以向哪些人演奏。C项：Itisagoodideatostartwithyourfamilyorfriends.(从你的家人或朋友开始是个好主意。)符合语境。故选C。40．根据上文“Tobecomeagoodmusician,youhavetokeepplaying.Keeplearningasmuchasyoucanandpracticeoften.(要成为一名优秀的音乐家，你必须坚持演奏。尽可能多地学习，经常练习)”以及下文“Asyoulearnmore,youwillgetbetterandbetter.(当你学到更多，你会变得越来越好)”可知，后文提到学到更多，可见是建议坚持学习，挑战自己。E项：Challengeyourselftolearnmoredifficultsongsaswell.(挑战自己，学习更难的歌曲。)符合语境。故选E。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Raghuwasashypersonsincehischildhood.Healwayshadafearof41topeople.Afterfinishinghighschool,hejoineda42.Hehadtogotoacityfarfromhishometown.Hestayedinthecollegedormitoryandforthefirsttimeinhislifehewasstayingawayfromfamily.Itwasanew43forhim,stayingwithsomanypeoplearoundhim.Buttheenvironmentmadehim44,sohetriedtotalktohisclassmatesactively.His45begantogrowgradually.Withthehelpofhisclassmates,hestarted46publicspeaking.Onedayhegainedthe47togiveaspeechatthecollegeannualevent.Hepreparedhimselfverywellfortheevent.48,ontheeventday,hebecame49seeingsucha