2026届高三英语二轮复习课件：专题一　阅读理解　强化练3　词义猜测题专练

强化练3词义猜测题专练(限时:25分钟满分:40分)专题强化练A(2026·长春高三质量检测二)Analarmingphenomenonhassprungupoverthepastfewyears:Manystudentsarearrivingatcollegeunpreparedtoreadentirebooks.Manystudentsareoverwhelmedatthethoughtofreadingmultiplebooksinasemester.Theyshutdownwhenthey’refacedwithideastheydon’tunderstand.Whyisthishappening?Theattractionofsmartphonesandsocialmediacameup,anditappearsthatmanymiddleandhighschoolsareteachingfewerfullbooks.ButonepossiblecausethatInodtoisachangeinvalues,notability.Theproblemdoesnotappeartobethatkidsthesedaysareincuriousoruninterestedinreading.Instead,youngpeoplemightberespondingtoaculturalmessage:Booksjustaren’tthatimportant.Ioncespokewith33professorsatsometopuniversities,whodidn’tthinktheirstudentswerelazy.Itisnotunusualthattheirstudents’schedulesarecrowdedwithactivitiesthatarelessaboutpersonaldevelopmentandmorerelevanttofutureemployment.“Therearetoomanydemandsontheirtimetodevotethemselvesfullytoworksofliteraturethatmighttake20hourstoconsume,”saidJamesShapiro,anEnglishprofessoratColumbia.In1971,37%studentssaidthatacoreobjectiveoftheircollegeyearswastobecomewell-offfinancially.63%saiditwastodevelopameaningfulphilosophyoflife.By2015,thosenumbershadalmostreversed(颠倒).Expertsandparentsalikehaveemphasizedpreprofessionalcoursesbutdownplayedtheimportanceofhumanisticstudy.Howeversocietychanges,thereisnodenyingthatreadingisofsignificance.Ifwe’veshiftedwhatweholdinesteem(推崇),itisreasonablethatwecould,asasociety,shiftback.Theresponsibilitydoesn’tlieonlyinGenerationZ.Everyonewho’supsetaboutthechangehasaroletoplayinreversingit.【语篇解读】

本文是一篇议论文。文章指出近几年来出现很多大学生没有准备好阅读整本书的现象,其原因可能包括智能手机和社交媒体的吸引、很多中学和高中教授的整本书的减少以及价值观的变化等。1.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisthecauseofthephenomenon?A.Manydistractionsfromdigitaldevices.B.Inadequatepreparationsforcollegelife.C.Amisguidedbeliefinreadingfullbooks.D.Disqualificationsofsecondaryschoolteachers.解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But

one

possible

cause

that

I

nod

to

is

a

change

in

values,not

ability...Books

just

aren’t

that

important.”可知,作者认为,一个可能的原因是价值观的变化,问题似乎并不在于如今的孩子们没有好奇心或者对阅读不感兴趣。相反,年轻人可能是在回应一种文化信息:书籍并不是那么重要。故C项正确。√2.WhatcanbeinferredfromJamesShapiro’swords?A.Schoolsshouldoffertimemanagementcourses.B.Studentsareoccupiedwiththeirworksofliterature.C.Readingliterarypiecesisbeyondstudents’availabletime.D.Professorsbelieveemploymentismorerelatedtopersonalgrowth.解析推理判断题。根据第三段中的“‘There

are

too

many

demands...consume,’said

James

Shapiro”可知,James

Shapiro认为学生们的时间被太多事情占据,无法全身心投入到可能需要20个小时来阅读的文学作品中。所以可推测阅读文学作品超出了学生们可利用的时间。故C项正确。√3.What

does

the

underlined

word“downplayed”in

paragraph

4

mean?A.Highlighted. B.Underestimated.C.Recognized. D.Misunderstood.解析词义猜测题。根据该词所在句“Experts

and

parents

alike

have...the

importance

of

humanistic

study.”可知,专家和家长都强调职前课程,but表示转折,所以downplay应该与emphasize意思相反,emphasize是“强调”,所以downplay意思是“贬低”。故B项正确。highlight“突出,强调”;recognize“认可”;misunderstand“误解”。√4.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthelastparagraph?A.Torestateanopinion.

B.Tostirupadebate.C.Toissueanannouncement. D.Toputforwardaproposal.解析写作目的题。根据最后一段可知,作者先强调了阅读的重要性,然后指出如果我们已经改变了我们所推崇的东西,那么作为一个社会,我们也有理由转变回来,并且改变现状的责任不只在于Z世代,每个对这种变化感到不安的人都可以在扭转现状这件事中发挥作用。这表明作者是在呼吁大家共同努力,重视阅读,所以作者写最后一段的目的是提出一个建议。故选D项。√B(2026·成都高中毕业班第二次诊断性检测)Ahoneybee’slifedependsonitsuccessfullyharvestingfromflowerstomakehoney.Decidingwhichflowerismostlikelytooffernectar(花蜜)isincrediblydifficult.Innewresearchpublishedrecently,ourteamreportshowbeesmakethesecomplexdecisions.Wechallengedbeeswithafieldofartificialflowers,eachofwhichofferedatinydropofsugarsyrup.Different-colored“flowers”variedintheirlikelihoodofofferingsugar.Weputtiny,harmlesspaintmarksonthebackofeachbee,andfilmedeveryvisitabeemadetotheflowerarray.Wethenusedcomputervisionandmachinelearningtoautomaticallydrawandstudytherouteonwhichbeesflewthrough.Fromthisinformation,wefoundbeesveryquicklylearnedtoidentifythemostrewardingflowers.Theyquicklyassessedwhethertoacceptorrejectaflower,butsurprisinglytheymadecorrectdecisionswithin0.6secondswhileincorrectdecisionstookthem1.2secondsonaverage.Theresultsandwhatweexpectedarepolesapart.Usuallyinanimals,anaccuratedecisiontakeslongerthananinaccuratedecision.Thisiscalledthespeed-accuracytrade-off,whichhappensbecausedeterminingwhetheradecisionisrightorwrongusuallydependsonhowmuchevidencewehavetomakethatdecision.Moreevidencemeansamoreaccuratedecision,butgatheringevidencetakestime.Soaccuratedecisionsareusuallyslowandinaccuratedecisionsarefaster.Butbeesonlyacceptedaflowerif,ataglance,theyweresureitwasrewarding.Iftheyhadanyuncertainty,theyrejectedit.Theymighthavemissedsomerewardingflowers,buttheysuccessfullyfocusedtheireffortsonlyontheflowerswiththebestchanceandbestevidenceofprovidingthemwithsugar.

Theonlyotheranimalsknowntobeatthespeed-accuracytrade-offarehumansandprimates.It’sindeedamazingthatbeesseemedtobebreakingthisboundary.【语篇解读】

本文是一篇说明文。研究发现蜜蜂可以快速识别最有可能提供花蜜的花朵,且其做出正确选择的速度比做出错误选择的速度要快。5.Howdidresearchersgettheresultoftheexperiment?A.Byobservingbeesinthewild.B.Byanalyzingbees’flightpaths.C.Bytestingbeesindifferentcolors.D.Bycomparingbees’foodpreference.√解析细节理解题。根据第二段的“We

then

used

computer

vision...bees

very

quickly

learned

to

identify

the

most

rewarding

flowers.”可知,研究人员利用计算机视觉和机器学习自动绘制并研究蜜蜂飞行的路线,从这些信息中,研究人员发现蜜蜂能非常迅速地学会识别那些回报最丰厚的花朵。由此可知,研究人员是通过分析蜜蜂的飞行路线得出实验结果的,故选B。6.Whatdidtheresearchfindaboutbees?A.Theycouldtellartificialflowersimmediately.B.Theyperformedbetterincertaincoloredflowers.C.Theymaderightchoicesfasterthanthewrongones.D.Theymademorecorrectdecisionsthanotherspecies.解析细节理解题。根据第二段的“they

made

correct

decisions...them

1.2

seconds

on

average”可知,蜜蜂做出正确决定的平均用时为0.6秒,而做出错误决定的平均用时为1.2秒。由此可知,蜜蜂做出正确选择的速度比做出错误选择的速度要快,故选C。√7.What

does

the

underlined

phrase“poles

apart”in

paragraph

3

probably

mean?A.Contrary. B.Reasonable.C.Essential. D.Confusing.√解析词义猜测题。第二段尾句讲研究结果表明蜜蜂做出正确决定的速度比做出错误决定的速度要快。第三段的“Usually

in

animals,an

accurate

decision

takes

longer

than

an

inaccurate

decision.”讲通常情况下,对动物而言,做出准确决定比做出不准确决定所花费的时间要长。由此可推知,研究结果与人们的预期大相径庭,故画线短语的含义与A项“相反的”意思最为接近。B项“合理的”;C项“极其重要的”;D项“难以理解的”。8.Whydobeesbeatthespeed-accuracytrade-off?A.Theyignoreuncertainties.B.Theygatherevidenceveryfast.C.Theystayontherighttrackwhileflying.D.Theyadoptaspecialdecision-makingmechanism.√解析推理判断题。根据第三段的“This

is

called

the

speed-accuracy

trade-off...inaccurate

decisions

are

faster.”可知,根据速度一准确性权衡,准确的决定通常比较慢,而不准确的决定则更快。而第三段的“bees

only

accepted

a

viding

them

with

sugar”讲蜜蜂只有在一眼就能确定某朵花会有回报时才会接受它,如果它们有任何不确定,它们就会拒绝这朵花;虽然它们可能会错过一些有回报的花朵,但它们成功地将精力只集中在那些最有可能且最有迹象能为它们提供糖分的花朵上。由此可知,蜜蜂采用的决策机制与速度一准确性权衡决策机制不同,故选D。C(2026·长沙新高考适应性考试)DecadesofincreasingcornandsoyabeanproductionhaveturnedBrazilintoanagriculturalpowerhouse,whichalsoledtothedestructionoftheAmazonrainforest.Thathaslongputfarmersandenvironmentalistsindisagreement.ButastudyreleasedinOctoberbytheUniversidadeFederaldeMinasGerais(UFMG)andRainforestFoundationNorway(RFN)showstheextenttowhichdeforestationishurtingfarmerstoo.Thereportshowsthatthepracticeofclear-cuttingintheBrazilianAmazonledtoreducedcropproduction,resultingintotaleconomiclossesofabout$1billionbetween2006and2019.Thenetrevenues(收入)forsoyabeansdroppedby10%overthattime,whilecornrevenuesdroppedby20%.AndersKrogh,aspecialistforestadviseratRFN,saysthesefindingsdemonstratethedangerdeforestationposestoglobalfoodsecurity.Whenancientforestsbecomerollingplains,adelicatebalanceofwatercycleisdisturbed.Astreesbreathe,theyturnwaterintovapour(水蒸气),whichgoesontoformlarge,thickrainclouds,andhasacoolingeffectontheregion.Thisrecyclingprocessalsoinfluencesatmosphericcirculation(循环),whichplaysakeyroleintemperatureregulationintheAmazonbasin.Theeffectsaretheseverestinthemostdeforestedregions.Lessrainandhotterdaysmeansmallerharvestsandsmallerrevenues.PreventingfurtherdeforestationinBrazil’ssouthernAmazoncouldslowthetrend.Plus,reforestingcouldevenchangerainfalltrends:thereportconcludesthatiftheBrazilianstateofParáweretoreforest55,000km2offarmingland,theraincouldcomeonaveragefivedaysearlier,andupto19insomeareas.Fornow,though,thatseemslikeatallorder.AgriculturalfirmsinBraziltendtotreatsuchreportsandtheresearcherswhoproducethemwithdoubt.Theterm“agri-phobic(农业恐惧)”isoftenusedtodescribescientistswhocriticizethecountry’sfarmingpractices.Atthegrassrootslevel,despitetheincreasingcostsofadaptingtodrierconditions,Brazilianfarmersdoubttheclaimsthatlowerproductionresultsfromclimatechangeordeforestation.

BritaldoSoares-Filho,aresearcheratUFMGandthereport’sleadauthor,hopesthatconcentratingonthefinancialeffectofdeforestation,ratherthanabstractmodelling,canchangefarmers’minds.Sustainablefarmingpractices,heurges,areintheeconomicinterestsofagribusiness.【语篇解读】

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍森林的砍伐打破了水循环的平衡,导致农民收成的减少,重新造林会减少这一影响,但是农民对气候变化或森林砍伐导致产量下降的说法表示怀疑。9.Howdoestheauthordevelopparagraph2?A.Bylistingstatistics.

B.Bycitingasaying.C.Bymakinganassumption. D.Byintroducingaconcept.解析写作手法题。根据第二段中的“about

$

1

billion

between

2006

and

2019”、“soya

beans

dropped

by

10%”和“corn

revenues

dropped

by

20%”可知,该段是通过列举数据来展开的,故选A。A项“通过列出统计数据”;B项“通过引用一句谚语”;C项“通过一个假设”;D项“通过引入一个概念”。√10.Which

is

close

to

the

underlined

idiom“a

tall

order”in

meaning

in

paragraph

4?A.Ahardnut.

B.Abigfish.C.Ahelpinghand. D.Ared-letterday.解析词义猜测题。根据第四段内容可知,阻止巴西南部亚马孙森林的进一步砍伐可能会减缓这一趋势。此外,重新造林甚至可以改变降雨趋势。though表示转折,再根据画线词后一句可知,巴西的农业公司往往对这类报告及其撰写者持怀疑态度。所以可以推测此处是说那看起来像是一个棘手的问题。√11.WhatdoesBritaldoSoares-Filhomean?A.Loggingcontributestofinancialincrease.B.Abstractmodellingmakesabigdifference.C.Clear-cuttingputsglobalfoodsecurityingreatdanger.D.Farmersshouldfocusonthefinancialimpactofdeforestation.解析推理判断题。根据第五段可知,Britaldo

Soares-Filho希望通过关注森林砍伐的经济影响,而不是抽象的建模改变农民的观念。由此可以推断农民应该关注森林砍伐对经济的影响。√12.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Deforestation:itboostsrevenues?B.Watercycle:itdisturbsagriculture?C.Climatechange:itworsensrainforest?D.Reforesting:itrelievesglobalwarming?√解析标题归纳题。整篇文章都是围绕砍伐森林所带来的一系列影响展开的。砍伐森林导致水循环的微妙平衡被破坏,影响大气环流,而大气环流在亚马孙流域的温度调节中起着关键作用,更少的雨水和更热的天气意味着更少的收成和更少的收入。想要缓解这一结果,需要重新造林,然而巴西农民们对此持怀疑态度。所以文章在讲砍伐森林看似增加了收入但其实带来了更大的危害,故A项“砍伐森林:它增加了收入?”最能概括本文内容。D(2026·重庆学业质量调研抽测)Ifyoucouldworkfromanylocationintheworld,wherewouldyougo?PicturefillinginaspreadsheetonasandyCaribbeanisland,ormaybealittlerooftopcafeinRomewhereyoucansipgreatcoffeewhileeditingasocialmediavideo.Moreandmorecountriesareofferingdigitalnomad(游牧民)visasandthereforethechancetoworkremotely,fromwhereveryou’dliketo.Thistrendisgrowing,witha2023reportindicating11%ofUSworkersidentifyingthemselvesasdigitalnomads,afigureprojectedtorisebyover20millioninfiveyears.Initially,digitalnomadsweremostlyfreelancerslikesocialmediamanagersorsoftwaredevelopers,butnoweventraditionalprofessionalslikeaccountantsandlawyersareembracingthislifestyle.Butwhatisthelifeofadigitalnomadreallylike?RowenaHennigan,whowritesforHarvard

Business

Review,isadigitalnomadalongwithherfamily.Theyhavea“homebase”inSpainbutfrequentlygoawayforworkcationsthatcanlastfromweekstomonths.Shesays,“Comparedtoatraditionalmodelofraisingchildren,remoteworkinghasallowedmyfamilytomoveawayfromthatkindofintensity,andthisway,weallgettomoveatamoresustainableandhealthypace.”Plus,herfamilyareregularlyexposedtonewcultures,languagesandnaturalbeauty.However,itdoesn’tworkforeveryone.FrancescaSpecter,awriterforThe

Guardian,decidedtocountry-hopandher“office”includedbeaches,cafesandcoworkingspaces.Butalongwithstrugglingtofindreliablewi-fiandfightingterribleloneliness,shewrotethatshefeltenviousasshecooledheroverheatinglaptopintheshadewhileholidaymakersrelaxedbythepool.Shesaid,“Iwasfightingagainstdullconcerns,suchasmissingluggageorsleeplossafteranovernightflightdelay.”So,it’snotforeveryone,butifyoueverfeellikeescapingtheratrace,whynotgiveitago?【语篇解读】

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着越来越多的国家提供数字游民签证,更多人有机会远程工作。文中讲述了数字游民数量的增长,列举了数字游民的生活实例,也提到了这种生活方式存在的问题,最后引发读者思考是否尝试这种生活方式。13.Whatistheadvantageofbeingadigitalnomadaccordingtothetext?A.Ahigherincome.B.Abetterwork-lifebalance.C.Aflexibleworklocation.D.Afastercareerpromotion.解析细节理解题。根据第一段,尤其是“the

chance

to

work

remotely,from

wherever

you’d

like

to”可知,数字游民可以随时随地远程工作,即工作地点灵活。√14.Whowasprobablyadigitalnomadoriginally?A.Ablogger.

B.Alawyer.C.Anathlete. D.Anaccountant.解析推理判断题。根据第二段的“Initially,digital

nomads

were

mostly

freelancers

like

social

media

managers

or

software

developers”可知,最初数字游民主要是像社交媒体经理或软件开发人员这样的自由职业者。结合常识可知,博主属于自由职业者。故选A

项。根据第二段的“now

even

traditional

professionals...this

lifestyle”可知,会计、律师是后来才加入数字游民行列的。运动员在文中未提及与数字游民相关。√15.What

does

the

underlined

word“workcations”in

paragraph

3

probably

mean?A.Changingjobsfrequently.B.Workingwhileonvacation.C.Touringindifferentcountries.D.Takingbreaksbetweenjobs.√解析词义猜测题。第三段首句说Rowena

Hennigan和她家人都是数字游民;再结合画线词所在句的句意可知,他们在西班牙有一个“家”,但经常出去进行为期数周到数月的“workcations”。结合他们是数字游民以及通过构词法知识可推知,画线词的含义应是“在度假时工作”。故选B项。16.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsdigitalnomads?A.Oppositive. B.Supportive.C.Dismissive. D.Indifferent.解析观点态度题。通读全文,尤其是根据第三段和最后一段可知,作者描述了数字游民这种生活方式的好处,并承认这种生活方式不适合所有人,但还是鼓励那些想逃离激烈竞争的人尝试,所以作者对数字游民的态度是支持的。故选B项。A项“