2025年英语四六级考试阅读理解专项训练：细节理解

2025年英语四六级考试阅读理解专项训练：细节理解考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______第一篇文章Theriseofthegigeconomyhasbeenoneofthemostsignificantlabormarkettransformationsinrecentdecades.Characterizedbyshort-termcontractsorfreelanceworkasopposedtopermanentjobs,itencompassesawidearrayofactivities,fromride-sharingandfooddeliverytofreelancewritingandgraphicdesign.Drivenbytechnologicaladvancements,particularlyindigitalplatformsthatconnectserviceproviderswithcustomers,thegigeconomyoffersflexibilityandautonomytomillionsofpeopleworldwide.However,italsopresentschallengesrelatedtojobsecurity,benefits,andworkerrights.Proponentsarguethatthegigeconomyempowersindividualsbyallowingthemtoworkontheirownterms,oftenleadingtoabetterwork-lifebalance.Itprovidesopportunitiesforthosewhomaybeunabletocommittotraditional9-to-5employment,suchasstudents,parents,orindividualsre-enteringtheworkforce.Furthermore,companiesbenefitfromaccessingaflexiblelaborpoolthatcanscaleupordownbasedondemand.Thisflexibilityisparticularlycrucialintoday'srapidlychangingeconomiclandscape.Critics,however,raiseconcernsaboutthelackofjobstabilityinherentingigwork.Manygigworkersfaceuncertaintyinincomeandlackaccesstotraditionalbenefitslikehealthinsurance,retirementplans,andpaidleave.Thisprecariousnesscanleadtofinancialinsecurity,especiallyduringeconomicdownturns.Additionally,theclassificationofgigworkersasindependentcontractors,ratherthanemployees,oftenmeanstheyarenotprotectedbyminimumwagelawsorhavelimitedrecourseforworkplacedisputes.Thelong-termimplicationsforsocialsafetynetsandthefutureofworkarealsosubjectsofintensedebateamongpolicymakersandeconomists.Questions1.Accordingtothepassage,whatarethemaincharacteristicsofthegigeconomy?2.Whatflexibilitydoesthegigeconomyoffertoindividuals,accordingtoitsproponents?3.Whataresomeoftheincome-relatedchallengesfacedbygigworkers,asmentionedinthetext?4.Whatdistinctionismadebetweengigworkersandtraditionalemployees,andwhatdoesthisimplyregardingworkerprotection?5.Whatarethetwolong-termconcernsmentionedinthepassageregardingthegigeconomy?第二篇文章Sustainableurbandevelopmenthasbecomeacriticalpriorityforcitiesworldwideaspopulationscontinuetogrowandenvironmentalconcernsintensify.Atitscore,sustainableurbandevelopmentaimstocreatecitiesthatareenvironmentallysound,sociallyequitable,andeconomicallyviableinthelongterm.Thisapproachrecognizestheinterconnectednessofurbanplanning,resourcemanagement,andcommunitywell-being.Keycomponentsincludepromotingrenewableenergysources,enhancingpublictransportationsystems,encouraginggreenbuildingpractices,andcreatingaccessiblepublicspaces.Theintegrationofrenewableenergyisfundamentaltoreducingacity'scarbonfootprint.Initiativessuchasinstallingsolarpanelsonpublicbuildings,promotingsolar-poweredpublictransportation,andencouragingtheuseofelectricvehiclescansignificantlydecreaserelianceonfossilfuels.Similarly,investinginefficientandaccessiblepublictransportationnetworksnotonlyreducestrafficcongestionandairpollutionbutalsoimprovesmobilityforallresidents,includingthosewithoutpersonalvehicles.Socialequityisanothervitalaspect.Sustainablecitiesstrivetoprovideaffordablehousing,accesstoqualityeducationandhealthcare,andopportunitiesforeconomicadvancementforallresidents,regardlessoftheirsocioeconomicstatus.Thisinvolvesthoughtfulzoningpoliciesthatmixresidential,commercial,andrecreationalspaces,ensuringcommunitiesarevibrantandinclusive.Greenbuildingpractices,suchasusingsustainablematerialsanddesigningbuildingsforenergyefficiency,contributetobothenvironmentalprotectionandthecreationofhealthierlivingandworkingenvironments.Ultimately,sustainableurbandevelopmentseekstoenhancethequalityoflifeforcurrentresidentswhilepreservingresourcesandopportunitiesforfuturegenerations.Questions6.Whatistheprimarygoalofsustainableurbandevelopment,asdescribedinthepassage?7.Accordingtothetext,howcantheintegrationofrenewableenergyhelpreduceacity'senvironmentalimpact?8.Whatbenefitdoestheintegrationofefficientpublictransportationoffer,beyondreducingpollution?9.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestisakeycomponentofensuringsocialequityinsustainablecities?10.Howdogreenbuildingpracticescontributetosustainableurbandevelopment?第三篇文章Thedigitalrevolutionhasprofoundlyreshapedtheeducationlandscape,offeringbothunprecedentedopportunitiesandsignificantchallenges.Ononehand,technologyhasmadeeducationalresourcesmoreaccessiblethaneverbefore.Onlinecourses,digitallibraries,andeducationalappsallowstudentstolearnanytime,anywhere,andaccessavastarrayofmaterialstailoredtotheirneeds.Thisdemocratizationofknowledgecanbridgegeographicalbarriersandprovidelearningopportunitiesforunderservedpopulations.Interactivedigitaltoolsalsoofferengagingwaystopresentcomplexinformation,potentiallyenhancingstudentengagementandunderstanding.However,theintegrationofdigitaltechnologyintoeducationalsoraisesconcerns.Thedigitaldivide—differencesinaccesstotechnologyandtheinternet—remainsasignificantbarrier,potentiallyexacerbatingeducationalinequalities.Furthermore,thereisgrowingevidencesuggestingthatexcessivescreentimecanhavenegativeeffectsonstudentconcentration,physicalhealth,andsocialinteraction.Educatorsandpolicymakersmustalsograpplewithissuesofdataprivacy,thepotentialforacademicdishonestyfacilitatedbydigitaltools,andtheneedtodevelopdigitalliteracyskillsalongsidetraditionalacademicknowledge.Thechallengeliesinharnessingthebenefitsoftechnologytoimprovelearningoutcomeswithoutneglectingtheessentialhumanelementsofeducation.Moreover,theroleofteachersisevolvinginthedigitalage.Whiletechnologycansupplementinstruction,itcannotreplacethecrucialfunctionsofaskillededucatorinfosteringcriticalthinking,providingpersonalizedguidance,andnurturingsocial-emotionaldevelopment.Thefutureofeducationlikelyinvolvesabalancedintegrationoftechnologyandtraditionalteachingmethods,requiringeducatorstoadaptanddevelopnewskillstoeffectivelyguidestudentsinaincreasinglydigitalworld.Questions11.Whataretwowaysinwhichthedigitalrevolutionhasmadeeducationmoreaccessible,asmentionedinthepassage?12.Whatisthedigitaldivide,andwhatpotentialconsequencedoesithaveregardingeducation?13.Accordingtothetext,whataretwopotentialnegativeeffectsofexcessivescreentimeonstudents?14.Whataretwochallengesrelatedtotheuseofdigitaltechnologyineducationthatteachersandpolicymakersneedtoaddress?15.Whatroledoesthepassagesuggesttechnologyshouldplayineducation,accordingtotheauthor?试卷答案第一篇文章1.Thegigeconomyischaracterizedbyshort-termcontractsorfreelanceworkratherthanpermanentjobs,anditinvolvesawidearrayofactivitiesfacilitatedbydigitalplatformsconnectingserviceproviderswithcustomers.**解析思路：*题目问的是“零工经济的主要特征是什么？”。文章第一段开头明确指出“Thegigeconomyhasbeenoneofthemostsignificantlabormarkettransformations...characterizedbyshort-termcontractsorfreelanceworkasopposedtopermanentjobs”，即零工经济的特点是短期合同或自由职业，而非永久性工作。接着提到“itencompassesawidearrayofactivities,fromride-sharing...tofreelancewriting...”，说明活动种类繁多。最后一句点出这些活动是由“digitalplatformsthatconnectserviceproviderswithcustomers”连接的。综合这些信息，可以概括出特征是短期/自由职业形式、非永久性工作，并由数字平台连接服务提供者和客户。2.Accordingtoproponents,thegigeconomyoffersflexibilityandautonomytoindividuals,allowingthemtoworkontheirowntermsandoftenleadingtoabetterwork-lifebalance.**解析思路：*题目问的是“根据支持者，零工经济为个人提供了什么灵活性？”。文章第二段第一句“Proponentsarguethatthegigeconomyempowersindividualsbyallowingthemtoworkontheirownterms...”直接给出了答案，即赋予个人权力，允许他们根据自己的条件工作，体现了灵活性和自主性。该段还提到“oftenleadingtoabetterwork-lifebalance”，进一步说明了这种灵活性的好处。3.Accordingtothetext,someoftheincome-relatedchallengesfacedbygigworkersareuncertaintyinincomeandlackofaccesstotraditionalbenefitslikehealthinsurance,retirementplans,andpaidleave.**解析思路：*题目问的是“文章中提到，零工工作者面临哪些与收入相关的问题？”。文章第三段第二句明确指出“Manygigworkersfaceuncertaintyinincome...”，即收入不确定。接着列举了“lackaccesstotraditionalbenefitslikehealthinsurance,retirementplans,andpaidleave”，即缺乏传统福利，如健康保险、退休计划和带薪休假。这些都是与收入和保障相关的问题。4.Thedistinctionmadebetweengigworkersandtraditionalemployeesisthatgigworkersareclassifiedasindependentcontractors,ratherthanemployees.Thisimpliesthatgigworkersoftenhavelimitedprotectionunderminimumwagelawsandhaverestrictedrecourseforworkplacedisputes.**解析思路：*题目问的是“文章中提到的区分是什么，以及这意味着什么？”。文章第三段最后一句提到“theclassificationofgigworkersasindependentcontractors,ratherthanemployees”，即零工工作者被归类为独立承包商而非员工。这层含义在后面一句说明，“oftenmeanstheyarenotprotectedbyminimumwagelawsorhavelimitedrecourseforworkplacedisputes”，即通常意味着他们不受最低工资法保护，且在工作场所纠纷中的追索权有限。5.Thetwolong-termconcernsmentionedinthepassageregardingthegigeconomyaretheimplicationsforsocialsafetynetsandthefutureofwork.**解析思路：*题目问的是“文章中提到的关于零工经济的两个长期担忧是什么？”。文章第三段最后一句提到“thelong-termimplicationsforsocialsafetynetsandthefutureofworkarealsosubjectsofintensedebateamongpolicymakersandeconomists”，即社会安全网和未来工作的长期影响也是政策制定者和经济学家激烈辩论的主题。这表明这两个是长期担忧。第二篇文章6.Theprimarygoalofsustainableurbandevelopment,asdescribedinthepassage,istocreatecitiesthatareenvironmentallysound,sociallyequitable,andeconomicallyviableinthelongterm.**解析思路：*题目问的是“文章描述的可持续城市发展的主要目标是什么？”。文章第一段第一句明确指出“Sustainableurbandevelopmentaimstocreatecitiesthatareenvironmentallysound,sociallyequitable,andeconomicallyviableinthelongterm”，即其目标是在长期内创造环境友好、社会公平、经济可行的城市。7.Accordingtothetext,theintegrationofrenewableenergycanhelpreduceacity'senvironmentalimpactbydecreasingrelianceonfossilfuels,therebyreducingcarbonemissionsandairpollution.**解析思路：*题目问的是“根据文章，整合可再生能源如何帮助减少城市的环境影响？”。文章第二段提到“Integratingrenewableenergyisfundamentaltoreducingacity'scarbonfootprint”，即整合可再生能源是减少碳足迹（环境影响之一）的基础。接着具体说明了方式：“Initiativessuchasinstallingsolarpanels...andencouragingtheuseofelectricvehiclescansignificantlydecreaserelianceonfossilfuels”，减少对化石燃料的依赖，进而减少碳排放和空气污染。8.Accordingtothetext,theintegrationofefficientpublictransportationoffersthebenefitofimprovingmobilityforallresidents,includingthosewithoutpersonalvehicles,whilealsoreducingtrafficcongestionandairpollution.**解析思路：*题目问的是“根据文章，整合高效的公共交通系统有什么好处？”。文章第二段提到“Investinginefficientandaccessiblepublictransportationnetworksnotonlyreducestrafficcongestionandairpollutionbutalsoimprovesmobilityforallresidents,includingthosewithoutpersonalvehicles”，即高效的公共交通系统不仅减少交通拥堵和空气污染，也提高了所有居民（包括没有私家车的人）的出行便利性。9.Whatthepassagesuggestsisakeycomponentofensuringsocialequityinsustainablecitiesistheimplementationofthoughtfulzoningpoliciesthatmixresidential,commercial,andrecreationalspaces,ensuringcommunitiesarevibrantandinclusive.**解析思路：*题目问的是“文章建议确保可持续城市社会公平的关键组成部分是什么？”。文章第三段提到“Socialequityisanothervitalaspect...Thisinvolvesthoughtfulzoningpoliciesthatmixresidential,commercial,andrecreationalspaces,ensuringcommunitiesarevibrantandinclusive”，即社会公平是重要方面，这涉及到混合住宅、商业和休闲空间的深思熟虑的区划政策，确保社区充满活力和包容性。10.Accordingtothepassage,greenbuildingpracticescontributetosustainableurbandevelopmentbyusingsustainablematerialsanddesigningbuildingsforenergyefficiency,whichcontributetoenvironmentalprotectionandthecreationofhealthierlivingandworkingenvironments.**解析思路：*题目问的是“根据文章，绿色建筑实践如何促进可持续城市发展？”。文章第三段提到“Greenbuildingpractices,suchasusingsustainablematerialsanddesigningbuildingsforenergyefficiency,contributetobothenvironmentalprotectionandthecreationofhealthierlivingandworkingenvironments”，即绿色建筑实践通过使用可持续材料、设计节能建筑，有助于环境保护和创造更健康的生活和工作环境，从而促进可持续城市发展。第三篇文章11.Accordingtotwowaysmentionedinthepassage,thedigitalrevolutionhasmadeeducationmoreaccessiblebyallowingstudentstolearnanytime,anywherethroughonlinecoursesanddigitallibraries,andbyofferingavastarrayofeducationalmaterialstailoredtotheirneedsviainteractivedigitaltools.**解析思路：*题目问的是“根据文章，数字革命使教育在哪些方面更具可及性？”。文章第一段提到“onlinecourses,digitallibraries...allowstudentstolearnanytime,anywhere”，即允许学生随时随地学习，这是一方面。另一方面，“interactivedigitaltoolsalsoofferengagingwaystopresentcomplexinformation,potentiallyenhancingstudentengagementandunderstanding”，即互动数字工具以吸引人的方式呈现复杂信息，提供了满足其需求的材料。综合来看，是随时随地学习的便利性和材料的海量与定制化。12.Accordingtothetext,thedigitaldivideisthedifferencesinaccesstotechnologyandtheinternet,andthispotentialconsequenceisthatitcanexacerbateeducationalinequalities.**解析思路：*题目问的是“根据文章，数字鸿沟是什么，以及其可能的结果是什么？”。文章第一段明确指出“thedigitaldivide—differencesinaccesstotechnologyandtheinternet—remainsasignificantbarrier”，即数字鸿沟是接触技术和互联网的差异。接着提到“potentiallyexacerbatingeducationalinequalities”，即它可能加剧教育不平等。13.Accordingtothetext,twopotentialnegativeeffectsofexcessivescreentimeonstudentsareredu