2025年澳洲大学竞赛题库及答案

2025年澳洲大学竞赛题库及答案

一、单项选择题（每题2分）1.ThecapitalcityofAustraliais:A.SydneyB.MelbourneC.CanberraD.BrisbaneAnswer:C2.WhichofthefollowingisamajorexportcommodityofAustralia?A.GoldB.CoalC.IronoreD.AlloftheaboveAnswer:D3.TheGreatBarrierReefislocatedin:A.WesternAustraliaB.QueenslandC.NewSouthWalesD.VictoriaAnswer:B4.TheprimarylanguagespokeninAustraliais:A.SpanishB.MandarinC.EnglishD.FrenchAnswer:C5.TheAustraliandollarisabbreviatedas:A.AUDB.USDC.EURD.JPYAnswer:A6.ThelongestriverinAustraliais:A.Murray-DarlingRiverB.BrisbaneRiverC.SwanRiverD.FitzroyRiverAnswer:A7.TheGreatDividingRangeisamajormountainrangein:A.WesternAustraliaB.SouthAustraliaC.NewSouthWalesD.TasmaniaAnswer:C8.TheAustralianBureauofStatisticsconducts:A.EconomicsurveysB.PopulationcensusesC.EnvironmentalimpactassessmentsD.HealthsurveysAnswer:B9.TheAustralianElectoralCommissionisresponsiblefor:A.ConductingfederalelectionsB.ManagingstateelectionsC.OverseeinglocalgovernmentelectionsD.AlloftheaboveAnswer:D10.TheDaintreeRainforestislocatedin:A.NorthernTerritoryB.WesternAustraliaC.QueenslandD.TasmaniaAnswer:C二、多项选择题（每题2分）1.WhichofthefollowingarestatesinAustralia?A.VictoriaB.WesternAustraliaC.TasmaniaD.NorthernTerritoryAnswer:A,B,C,D2.MajorcitiesinAustraliainclude:A.SydneyB.MelbourneC.BrisbaneD.PerthAnswer:A,B,C,D3.RenewableenergysourcesinAustraliainclude:A.SolarB.WindC.HydroelectricD.CoalAnswer:A,B,C4.IndigenousAustralianartisknownfor:A.DotpaintingsB.RockcarvingsC.BodypaintingD.SculpturesAnswer:A,B,C5.TheAustraliangovernmentprovides:A.HealthcareB.EducationC.SocialsecurityD.HousingAnswer:A,B,C6.MajortouristattractionsinAustraliainclude:A.TheGreatBarrierReefB.UluruC.TheSydneyOperaHouseD.TheGreatDividingRangeAnswer:A,B,C,D7.TheAustralianeconomyischaracterizedby:A.MiningB.AgricultureC.ManufacturingD.ServicesAnswer:A,B,C,D8.EnvironmentalissuesinAustraliainclude:A.DroughtB.BushfiresC.ClimatechangeD.WaterscarcityAnswer:A,B,C,D9.TheAustralianeducationsystemincludes:A.PrimaryschoolsB.SecondaryschoolsC.TAFEcollegesD.UniversitiesAnswer:A,B,C,D10.CulturalfestivalsinAustraliainclude:A.TheMelbourneCupB.TheSydneyFringeFestivalC.TheSydneyFilmFestivalD.TheMelbourneFoodandWineFestivalAnswer:A,B,C,D三、判断题（每题2分）1.Australiaisthelargestislandintheworld.Answer:True2.TheAustraliancontinentisthesmallestofthesevencontinents.Answer:True3.ThecapitalofNewSouthWalesisSydney.Answer:False4.TheAustraliangovernmentisafederalparliamentarydemocracy.Answer:True5.TheAustralianpopulationispredominantlyofEuropeandescent.Answer:True6.TheGreatBarrierReefistheworld'slargestcoralreefsystem.Answer:True7.TheAustralianoutbackisknownforitsaridandsemi-aridconditions.Answer:True8.TheAustraliandollarispeggedtotheUSdollar.Answer:False9.IndigenousAustralianshavearichanddiverseculturalheritage.Answer:True10.Australiahasnonativemammals.Answer:False四、简答题（每题5分）1.DescribethegeographicalfeaturesofAustralia.Answer:Australiaistheworld'ssixth-largestcountry,characterizedbyitsvastandvariedlandscapes.ItincludestheGreatBarrierReef,Uluru,theGreatDividingRange,andextensivecoastalregions.Theoutbackcoversmuchoftheinterior,knownforitsaridandsemi-aridconditions.Thecountryalsohasadiverserangeofecosystems,fromtropicalrainforeststotemperateforestsanddeserts.2.ExplainthestructureoftheAustraliangovernment.Answer:TheAustraliangovernmentisafederalparliamentarydemocracy.ItconsistsoftheCommonwealthParliament,whichisbicameral,comprisingtheHouseofRepresentativesandtheSenate.ThePrimeMinister,whoistheheadofgovernment,leadstheexecutivebranch.Thecountryisdividedintosixstatesandtenterritories,eachwithitsowngovernment,buttheyaresubordinatetothefederalgovernment.3.DiscusstheimportanceoftourismintheAustralianeconomy.Answer:TourismisasignificantcontributortotheAustralianeconomy,generatingsubstantialrevenueandemployment.MajortouristattractionsincludenaturalwondersliketheGreatBarrierReefandUluru,aswellasculturallandmarkssuchastheSydneyOperaHouseandtheGreatAustralianOutback.Tourismsupportsvariousindustries,includinghospitality,transportation,andretail,andpromotesculturalexchangeandinternationalrelations.4.OutlinethekeychallengesfacingtheAustralianenvironment.Answer:Australiafacesseveralenvironmentalchallenges,includingclimatechange,whichleadstoincreasedfrequencyofbushfiresanddroughts.Waterscarcityisamajorissue,particularlyinthearidregions.TheGreatBarrierReefisthreatenedbyrisingseatemperaturesandpollution.Conservationeffortsarecrucialtoprotecttheuniquebiodiversityofthecountry,includingitsnativefloraandfauna,fromhabitatdestructionandinvasivespecies.五、讨论题（每题5分）1.AnalyzetheimpactofimmigrationonAustraliansociety.Answer:ImmigrationhasaprofoundimpactonAustraliansociety,contributingtoitsculturaldiversityandeconomicgrowth.Ithasledtoamulticulturalsocietywitharichblendoftraditionsandlanguages.Immigrantsfillskillgapsinthelabormarket,particularlyinsectorslikehealthcareandIT.However,italsoposeschallengessuchastheneedforintegrationservicesandinfrastructuredevelopment.Overall,immigrationhasbeenakeyfactorinshapingthemodernAustralianidentity.2.DiscusstheroleofeducationinAustralia'sdevelopment.Answer:EducationplaysacrucialroleinAustralia'sdevelopment,providingaskilledworkforceandfosteringinnovation.Thecountryhasahigh-qualityeducationsystem,withastrongemphasisonbothprimaryandsecondaryeducation.Highereducationinstitutionsarerenownedglobally,attractinginternationalstudentsandresearchers.Educationalsopromotessocialmobilityandequality,enablingindividualstoimprovetheireconomicprospectsandcontributetosociety.Continuousinvestmentineducationisessentialforsustainabledevelopment.3.EvaluatethesignificanceofIndigenousAustralianculture.Answer:IndigenousAustraliancultureisoneoftheoldestcontinuousculturesintheworld,witharichheritageofart,music,andstorytelling.Itholdsdeepspiritualandenvironmentalsignificance,withastrongconnectiontotheland.IndigenousculturecontributestoAustralia'sdiversityandprovides