unit-6-the-telephone-现代大学英语-第四册

Unit6TheTelephoneAnwarF.AccawiReinforcementTextAnalysisTheTelephoneBackgroundWarmingupUnit6Questions/ActivitiesCheck-onPreviewObjectivesWBTRWarmingupTheTelephoneUnit6WarmingupQuestions/ActivitiesDidthetitletellyoumuch?Whatdidyouexpecttoread?WBTRPleasedefinetheunderlinedwordsineachcontext:

(p.22)Intheevening,thelaughterandnoiseofthementrailedoffandfinallystopped(p.22)“I’llgivehimatrailtofollow,”mutteredRainsford.(L.8)(p.21)…tobringnewsthatwouldchangetheirlivesanddeliverthemfromtheiraimlessexistence.(p.22)…ortodeliveramessagetohiswife,suchas…n.Thetrackofapersonoranimalbywhichitcanbefollowedv.(voice~off),itbecomesgraduallyquieterandthenstopsCheck-onPreviewWarmingup

freesbfromasituationtakesthtoaplaceUnderstandthethemeofthestory(understandglobalizationfromanotherperspective,cf.“Globalization’sDualPower”)Appreciatethestyleperspectivetonestronglyflavoredexpressionsmetaphor,simile,exaggeration…ObjectivesWarmingupBackgroundSocialBackgroundAuthorBWTRTheTelephoneUnit6大家应该也有点累了，稍作休息大家有疑问的，可以询问和交流8AnwarF.AccawiHisLifeBorninLebanoninafamilywhoseancestorsarebelievedtohavegonetoJerusalemintheCrusades.TaughtEnglishattheUniversityofBeirutLeftfortheU.S.whenthecivilwarbrokeoutinLebanonHasbeenteachingEnglishattheEnglishLanguageInstituteoftheUni.ofTennesseeBackgroundAuthor

Non-Fiction

TheBoyfromtheToweroftheMoon(1999)Shortfiction

"TheCamera"inHomeworks(1996)

BackgroundHisWorksAuthorLocation:MiddleEast,borderingtheMediterraneanSea,betweenIsraelandSyria

Ethnicdivisions:Arab95%,Armenian4%,other1%

BackgroundSocialBackgroundLanguages:Arabic(official),French(official),Armenian,EnglishReligions:Islam70%Christian30%JudaismIndependence:22November1943(fromLeagueofNationsmandateunderFrenchadministration)BackgroundSocialBackgroundTheCapitalCity—Beirut“ParisoftheMiddleEast”BackgroundSocialBackgroundDetailedAnalysisStructureThemeTextAnalysisTWBRTheTelephoneUnit6Whatwouldbethekeywordsifyouwanttodiscussitstheme?--technology,progress,globalization?--abetterlife?TextAnalysisTheme

Theadventofthetelephoneandautomobile("magiccarpetofthetwentiethcentury")linkMagdalunatotheoutsideworldandgraduallydestroyitscenturies-oldtraditionofself-sufficiency;theLebaneseCivilWar(1975-90)completesthevillage's"slowandagonizingdeath."YetMagdalunaremainsaliveinAccawi'slovingportrait,agentlerecollectionofchildhoodthatdoublesasapoignantreminderofmodernity'ssometimesdevastatingimpact.

--WendySmithIsthisall?

TextAnalysisThemePartI(1-10)—villagelifebeforetheinstallation.P(1-8):whattimemeanttopeopleinMagadalunaP(9-10):theauthor’smemoryofadraughtinhischildhood.PartII(11-25)—changesbroughttothevillagebytelephone.P11:TransitionP(12-18):InstallationP(19-25):ChangeshappeningtothevillageTextAnalysisStructureTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisMainIdeaSentenceParaphraseWords&ExpressionsExercisePartIPartIITWBRPartI(1-10):mainidea

villagelifebeforetheinstallationA.Whatdidtimemeantothepeople?(paras.1-8)Questionsforcomprehension1.

WhatwastheoverallpictureofMagdaluna?Howdidthenarratorpresentthepicture?2.Whatdidtimemeantothevillagers?Howdidtheykeeptrackoftime?Whatdiditsuggest?3.Whatwasthegenerallifepatternforthevillagers?Andwhatwereconsideredimportantevents?TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisPara.1:Topicsentence?Timedidn’tmeanmuchtoanybodyinthesecludedvillage.Anyothernotedfeature(s)?theunchangingcycleoflife?atraditional,agriculturalsociety?…TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisParas.2--8:Mainidea?Thevillagersusedadivinecalendartokeeptrackoftime.Anyothernotedfeature(s)?thenaturaldisasters?Thetoneofthenarrator“I”(asa

boy)?…TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysis…timedidn’tmeanmuchtoanybody,exceptmaybetothosewhoweredying.Thevillagersdidn’tthinktimewasimportantuntilperhapswhentheyweredying.

Inthosedays,therewasnorealneedforacalendarorawatchtokeeptrackofthehours,days,months,andyears.

keeptrackof:tokeeponeselfinformedaboutaperson,situation,etc.cf.losetrackof:tofailtoremaininformedTheytryhardtokeeptrackoftheirfavoritestars.HelosestrackoftimewheneverhesurfstheNet.……跟上进展，保持联系看清，听清……Theretiredmanreadsnewspapereverydaytokeeptrackofcurrentevents.Weleavethecallnumbersinordertokeeptrackofeachother.Theplanedivesbeneaththecloudstokeeptrackofthemountainslopes.

keeptrackof

Translation

toremainaware;tokeepinformedtoseeclearly24Tohave(no)needof:(not)toneedsth.

（不）需要

ChinahasitsownspacetechnologyandhasnoneedofAmericanhelp.Rollby:

1.pass,esp.smoothandsteadily

平稳地驶过2.(oftime)pass,esp.quickly;passinsteadysuccession(岁月）流逝，（时间）逝去Marriedourcousins:IntermarriageamongcousinsisverycommoninArabcountries.Thepracticehascomedownfromancienttimes,whentheArabsweremostlynomadicherdsmenwhohadnopermanentsettlementsandmovedwiththeanimalsfromplacetoplace.Therewereveryfewoptionsopentoyoungpeopleinthechoiceofspouse.Todaythisintermarriageisstillcommonbecauseofeconomicconsiderations.Forpoorfamilies,marriagewithinanextendedfamilysavesthetroubleofexchangingdowries（嫁妆）.Whenrichpeoplemarrytheircousins,theydon’tworrythatsomedaytheirmoneyandpropertywillpasstoanotherfamily/changehands.Whoop:Giveawhoopofrage怒吼WhoopsofjoyTowhoopwithdelight高兴地喊叫起来Toil:(at,on,through)toworkveryhardforalongperiodoftime苦干、辛勤工作Theywerebathedinsweatastheytoiledattheirdigging.Itisn’t/wasn’tthat…NotthatIdislikethework,butthatIhavenotime.frame:toorganizeanddevelopaplan,system,etc.制订，构思Frameanewbill制订新的法案FrameanewmethodFrameanexcuseFine:

adv.inawaythatisacceptableandgoodenough很好Don’tworry.Heisdoingfine.Thingsarefineatschoolthisyear.Talkfine.说得好听。Ilikeitfine.我很喜欢这个东西。Para.4

…thatcausedtheroofonthemayor’shousetocavein.(ofrooforwall)tofalldownorinward;tocollapse塌落，倒塌，（墙等）内陷

…thatcausedthemayor’shouserooftocollapse.Youcouldn’tbemoreaccuratethanthat,now,couldyou?

(spoken)usedforgivingemphasistoarequest,order,orcommentBecareful,now.(order)好了，小心了。Now,what’sgoingonhere?(request)呃，这儿是怎么回事？It’smarvelous,nowisn’tit?(comment)哎，好极了。Andthat’sthewayitwasinourlittlevillageforasfarbackasanybodycouldremember.

Andthat’showwekepttrackoftheimportanteventsinourlittlevillagetotheextentthat/foraslongastheoldestpeoplecouldremember.serveastheobjectof“for”Strike:(ofsthunpleasant)tohappensuddenly突然侵袭生活费用的上涨使这个国家的穷人遭受打击。Theriseinlivingcoststruckthepoorpeopleofthecountry.…becausemenwhowouldnotlieeventosavetheirownsoulstoldandretoldthatstoryuntilitwasincorporatedintoMagdaluna’scalendar.

tosavetheirlives

Thisshows,tosomeextent,thewayofthinkingofthevillagersinthosedayswhenhonestyprevailed.Theytrustedhonestpeopleanddidn’tseekanyproofforwhathadbeensaidaboutpastevents.untiltheeventbecameoneofthethingsbywhichwekepttrackoftheimportanteventsinourlives.Tosavetheirownsouls:tosavetheirlives.(Maybeareligiousmeaning,i.e.lyingisasin,andsinningwillmakeitdifficulttogetintoHeavenwhenyoudie.TheseLebaneseareChristians.)Incorporate:(into)toincludesth.aspartofagroup,system,plan,etc.包含、加上、吸收Hisproposalwasincorporatedintotheplan.incorporatesth.(into):toaddorincludesth.aspartofsth.elseThecompanydecidedtoincorporatethenewfeatureintotheirmicrocomputer.Anumberofcoursesinpublicrelationshavebeenincorporatedintoourcurriculum.包含，并入PartI:Exercise

Completethefollowingquestionswithkeeptrackof/losetrackof(p.1);crack(p.6);shortlyafter(p.4.);incorporate(p.8).

1.Hefeltsick

hecamebackfromtropicalcountries.2.SheboughtVogueandElleeverymonthto

keeptrackof

fashion.3.Hepickedupapieceofrockandcracked

itinhalf.4.Thegovernment

thisprincipleintothe1997law.shortlyafterincorporatedTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisWrap-upofthispartFindevidenceinthispartsuggestingthevillagershadamonotonouslife.Findevidenceinthispartsuggestingthevillagershadahardlife.Findouttheexpressionsbearingastronglocalflavor.Findthefiguresofspeechinthispart.TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisB.TheYearoftheDrought(paras.9-10)Whydidthenarratorsaythattheyearofdroughtwasoneofhisbestyears?Dotheboy’smemoriesofthatyearrevealanythingimportant?What’sthat?Couldyoufigureouttheoneoftheadvantagesofadoptingaboy’sperspective?…TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisTheyearofthefish-bearingwhirlwindwasnotthelastremarkableyear.Manyothersfollowedinwhichstrangeandwonderfulthingshappened.Atransitionalsentencethatbeginswithanotherpartoftheessay,whichextendstoparagraph10:theyearofthedrought,oneofthebestinthewriter’schildhoodBear:(ofwind,sea,air)tomovesth.along运送Thesoundofmusicwasborneonthewind.音乐随风飘来。Therewas,forinstance,theyearofthedrought,whentheheavenswereshutformonthsandthespringfromwhichtheentirevillagegotitsdrinkingwaterslowedtoatrickle.Graduallytherewasonlyasmallamountofwatercomingslowlyoutofthespring.Itdidn’trainformonthsasiftheskywereshuttight.(literary)theskyto:usedforstatingwhatconditionorstatesb.orsth.isafterachangeTheancienttemplehasbeenrestoredtoitsformerglory.Thediseasehasreducedthepatienttoabagofbones.Clearing：asmallareawheretherearenotreesinthemiddleofawood林中空地Marble：弹子Pack:toputorpushthingsinto挤满、塞满Wewerepackedtightinthebus.Theaudiencepackedthehall.Sticky:1.黏性的Theroadwasstickyaftertherain.Stickysweets2.(ofasituation)difficult,awkward;Astickyproblem/issue难题Heputhimintoaratherstickyposition.Thingsweregettingtoostickyforhim.3.notwillingtohelpIaskedhimtolendmesomemoney,buthewasratherstickyaboutit.4.Tohavestickyfingers:Tobelikelytostealsth.Shoo:Crowdsofchildrenwereshooedawaybytheirteacher.Nap:tosleepforashorttimeduringtheday小睡、打盹Henappedmostoftheclassaway.theirnappingmenandwetbabies

theirhusbandswhoweretakinganapandtheirbabieswhowerebreastfedCulturalNote:MeninArabcountries,especiallyinthecountryside,usuallydon’tdoanyhousework.flare:1.ifpeople’stempersflare,theygetangry.Tempersflaredandharshwordswereexchanged.人们发怒了，开始对骂起来。Sheflareathim.2.toburnbrightly闪耀、燃烧、闪亮Candlesflaredinthewind.烛光在风中摇曳不定。

Andsometimestheargumentsescalatedintofull-blown,knockdown-dragoutfights.Andsometimestheargumentsbecamesofiercethatthewomenbegantofightviolently.

(AmE.)veryviolentoruncontrolled激烈的、inthemostcompleteanddevelopedform（花）盛开的；充分发展的Full-blown:inthemostcompleteanddevelopedform（花）盛开的；充分发展的Theeconomicslowdownreachedthestatusofafull-blownrecession.经济减缓已演变成全面的经济衰退。knockdown-dragout:veryviolentoruncontrolled激烈的、猛烈的knockdown-dragoutdebateknockdown-dragoutfight

Ifwesurrenderonthissmallissue,theyundoubtedlywillescalatetheirdemands.如果我们在这个小问题上让步，他们会得寸进尺，提出更多要求。escalatingprice/pressureescalator自动扶梯v.

toincreaseinintensityorextentescalateTranslation逐渐增强逐渐上升扩大

53…calleachothernamesthatmademyearstingle…

callsb.names

toabusethembyinsultingwords

…thewordstheyusedwhentheywerequarrelingweresooffensivethatwelittleboysfeltuncomfortable…

callsb.names

calleachothernamescallsb.bynameinnameinone’sownnameinthenameof…

makeone’snametoone’snameunderthenameof…usesb.’sname谩骂某人名叫，直呼其名在名义上用自己的名义，擅自在······名下，代表······；为了······；依凭······

使某人成名、出名在自己名下，属自己所有用·····的名字，以·····的名义援引某人的话55Tingle:感到刺痛Hishandstingledwithcold.他的双手冻得生疼。Rush:astrong,usuallypleasantfeelingthatyougetfromtakingadrugorfromdoingsth.exciting(身体的）一阵感觉，（感情的）一阵激动Thememorycamebackwithapainfulrush.回忆往事，心里一阵难过。Rip:totearsth.orbetornquicklyandviolentlyHerippedtheletteracrossandthrewthehalvesintothebasket.(v.t.)Thesailsrippedundertheforceofthewind.(v.i.)reveal

v.a.tomakeknown;todiscloseb.tolayopentoview;toexpose/show/display/exhibitExamples:Investigationhasrevealedhimtobeacriminal.Shedrewthecurtainsasidetorevealabeautifulgarden.Theirfacesrevealedangerandalarm.Translation揭露揭示展示显示cf.revealing59Wrap-upofthispartWhatwastheimageofthevillagewomen?Doesitfitintothewomanimagesofoursociety?Whatdoesthisparttellusaboutthelocallife?TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisA.Transition(para.11)

Mainidea?TheyearofdroughtalsooneoftheworstyearsAnyothernotedfeature(s)?theboy’sattitudetowardstheinstallationofthetelephone?Thedivisionofideasamongthevillagers?Thegeneralattitudetowardstheinstallation?…PartII:mainidea(Para.11-25)

changesbroughtbythetelephoneTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisTheretiredcook,AbuRajaTheretiredTurkish-armydrillsergeant,ThevineyardkeeperThevillagewhoreWhydefinitearticles?

TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisB.Installation(paras.12-18)Whatwasthevillagers’responsetotheinstallationoftelephone?Whatdidthevillagersthinkofthetelephonemen?Howdidthevillagershavesuchanimpression?Howdifferentweretheirpositionswhentheycametoobservetheprocess?Whatdoesthissuggest?(para.13)TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisC.Changesbroughttothevillage(paras.19-25)Whatarethechangesthathavebeenbroughttothevillagebytelephone?Canyoucomparethedifferencesbeforeandaftertheinstallation?TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisChangesinthevillage(Paras.19-25)Mother--fatherHome--abroadLife--deathTextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisParas.19--20:Mainidea?Beforethetelephone’sarrival,thehouseofthevillagewhoreImKaleemwasthevillage’scenter.Anyothernotedfeature(s)?ImKaleem’sfeatures?Herplaceasoneofcomfortandentertainment?…Anyquestion(s)inmind?Whyshewasattractivetothosemen?TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisThevillagewhore

—ImKaleenAppearance:short,middle-aged,jet-black

hairVoice:raspy,loud(exaggeration)Identity:widow,devoutCatholic,villagewhore(what’sspecialaboutherbeingawhore?)Function:burden-relieverforwomen,confessorandtroubleshooterformenQ:Howdoyouunderstandthis?Doyouagreewiththeauthor’sopinioninretrospect?TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisRasp:V.1.torubwithsth.rough擦、刮

2.(ofsound)tohavearough,annoyingeffect(声音）发出刺耳声

n.擦刮声、刺耳声Raspy:Raspywords

刺耳的话语

Araspytemper

火爆性子Beraspyfromlackofsleep

因缺少睡眠而心情烦躁、adevoutadmirerdevoutthanksdevout

adj.

devotedtodivineworshiporserviceSynonymspiousferventearnest69绞出，拧出强行索取使痛苦TranslationTheworkerwringsthewaterfromthetowel.Therobberintendstowringmoneyoutof/fromtheoldman.Thesightoftheorphanchildwrings

ourhearts.wring

v.to

claspandtwistorsqueezeasindistress70使某人不被烦扰keepsb.outofone’shairThewifeissokindastoalwayskeepherhusbandoutofhishair.Translation(inform.)(collo.)tohavesb.awayfromthetrouble;toirritatesb.71Attendto:AttendtoasickmanHeshouldattendbettertohisstudies.他应该更加专心于他的学习。Bustle:tobebusilyactive,oftenwithmuchnoise闹哄哄地忙乱、奔忙；喧扰Reassuring:makingyoufeellessworriedorfrightened安慰的、使人放心的Itisreassuringtoknowthatthereisalwayssomeonearoundtohelp.Homey:pleasant,homelike像家一样的，舒适的

…whentheloudvoicesofthementalking,laughing,andarguingcouldbeheardinthestreetbelow—areassuring,homeysound.asoundthatmakesyoufeellessworriedandthatisinapleasantwayandremindsyouofhomeappositiveHerhousewasanislandofcomfort,anoasisforthewearyvillagemen,exhaustedfromhavingsolittletodo.

村子里的男人因无所事事而筋疲力尽，对那些疲惫而沉闷的男人们来说，她的家就是一个舒适的小岛，一片沙漠中的绿洲。

1.metaphor2.paradox:反论，驳论，似是而非的观点1.Afriendtoeverybodyisafriendtonobody.(proverb)2.Whatmaybedoneatanytimewillbedoneatnotime.(proverb）3.Juliet:Myonlylovesprungfrommyonlyhate!

恨灰中燃起了爱火融融！Para.21:Mainidea?AbuRaja’sdikkanbecamethevillage’snewcenter.Anyothernotedfeature(s)?youngvillagers’wishtoleave?Foreignthings,esp.Americanbeverage…TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisToss:tothrowsth.esp.sth.light,withaquickmovementofyourhands扔、抛、掷

tosstheballtoeachotherHetossedatthemahard-linespeech.他朝他们发表了一番强硬的讲话。Backandforth:来回地、反复地PacebackandforthintheroomDeliversb.fromsb./sth.:tohelpsb.escapefromsth.badorevil释放、解救、解脱Theydeliveredthehostagesfromtheterrorists.Lukewarm:(offood,liquid,etc.)slightlywarmandnotashotorcoldasitshouldbe不冷不热的、温的LukewarmwaterBuyershaveadoptedalukewarmattitude.买主的态度不甚热情。Para.22:Mainidea?Thetelephonewasbadnewsfor“me”personally,because“I”couldnolongermakemoneyoutofrunningerrands.Anyothernotedfeature(s)?theearlierclosenessamongvillagers?Boysareboys(everywhere)?…TextAnalysisDetailedAnalysisRunanerrandforme,willyou?GofindRogerforme.Hewastiredofrunningerrandsforhissister.4.errand

n.shortjourneytotakeame