初中英语同义句转换专项练习百题

初中英语同义句转换专项练习百题同义句转换是初中英语学习中提升语言运用能力的核心题型，它不仅考查词汇、语法的灵活转换，更要求学生理解语义的本质联系。在中考中，同义句转换常以“句型转换”“完成句子”“单项选择”等形式出现，掌握其规律对提升阅读、写作的语言多样性也大有裨益。以下从核心类型、专项练习、解题思路三方面展开，帮助学生系统突破。一、同义句转换的核心类型与解题逻辑（一）词性转换类：“换个词性，句意不变”原理：通过词形变化（派生、转化）调整词性，如动词→名词（*invent*→*invention*）、形容词→副词（*quick*→*quickly*）、名词→形容词（*use*→*useful*）等，需适配语法结构。示例：原句：*Hisinventionhelpedmanypeople.*转换：*He______(invent)somethingthathelpedmanypeople.*解析：原句核心词是名词“*invention*”，转换后需用动词形式，结合过去时态，填“*invented*”。解题思路：1.识别原句核心词的词性（如动词、名词、形容词）；2.判断目标句需要的词性（通过句子结构、空格数量推断）；3.结合语法（时态、主谓一致、词缀变化）调整词形。（二）短语/词汇替换类：“同义短语，灵活替换”常见替换场景：动词短语：*takecareof*=*lookafter*=*carefor*；*putoff*=*delay*；*giveup*=*abandon*介词短语：*inchargeof*=*responsiblefor*；*inorderto*=*soasto*连词：*because*=*since*=*as*；*if*=*onconditionthat*示例：原句：*Weshouldlookaftertheoldwell.*转换：*Weshould____________theoldwell.*解析：“*lookafter*”的同义短语为“*carefor*”或“*takecareof*”，结合空格填“*carefor*”（或“*takecareof*”）。解题思路：1.积累高频同义短语（按“动词短语/介词短语/连词”分类记忆）；2.分析原句语境（正式/口语、及物/不及物），选择适配的替换词；3.注意短语的语法搭配（如“*lookforwardto*”后接动名词）。（三）句型结构转换类：“调整结构，语义相通”典型结构转换：1.*It’s+adj.+(for/ofsb.)+todosth.*↔*Doingsth.is+adj.(for/ofsb.)*示例：原句*It’simportantforustolearnEnglish.*转换：*______English______importantforus.*解析：将“*tolearnEnglish*”转换为动名词短语“*LearningEnglish*”作主语，填“*Learning；is*”。2.*so…that…（否定句）*↔*too…to…/not…enoughto…*示例：原句*Heissoyoungthathecan’tgotoschool.*转换：*Heis______young______gotoschool.*解析：“*so…that…否定句*”转换为“*too…to…*”，填“*too；to*”。3.*宾语从句*↔*疑问词+不定式*示例：原句*Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddonext.*转换：*Idon’tknow__________________next.*解析：宾语从句“*whatIshoulddo*”转换为“*whattodo*”，填“*whattodo*”。解题思路：1.识别原句标志性结构（如*It’s…to…*、*so…that…*）；2.对应转换为目标结构（如动名词作主语、*too…to…*、疑问词+不定式）；3.注意逻辑主语、否定转移、介词搭配等细节（如*It’skindofsb.todo*中“*of*”不可换为“*for*”）。（四）时态/语态转换类：“换个角度，表达不变”1.主动语态→被动语态：调整主谓宾结构，注意时态一致（如一般现在时被动：*am/is/are+过去分词*）。示例：原句*Peoplegrowriceinthesouth.*转换：*Rice____________inthesouth(bypeople).*解析：主动句变被动，“*rice*”作主语，一般现在时被动结构为“*isgrown*”，填“*isgrown*”。2.时态转换：语义不变时调整时态（如现在完成时与“一般过去时+since”结构）。示例：原句*Ihavelivedhereforfiveyears.*转换：*I______herefiveyears______.*解析：“*forfiveyears*”（现在完成时）转换为“*fiveyearsago*”（一般过去时），填“*lived；ago*”。解题思路：语态转换：确定施动者（可省略），调整谓语结构（*be+过去分词*）；时态转换：理解时间表达的等价性（如“*for+时间段*”与“*时间段+ago*”+过去时）。（五）复合句与简单句转换类：“化繁为简，逻辑一致”1.定语从句→分词短语/介词短语：示例：原句*Thegirlwhoiswearingareddressismysister.*转换：*Thegirl______areddressismysister.*解析：定语从句“*whoiswearing*”转换为现在分词“*wearing*”作后置定语，填“*wearing*”。2.原因状语从句→介词短语：示例：原句*Hewaslatebecausehemissedthebus.*转换：*Hewaslate____________thebus.*解析：原因状语从句“*becausehemissed*”转换为介词短语“*becauseofmissing*”，填“*becauseofmissing*”。解题思路：定语从句：分析先行词与从句的逻辑关系（主动用现在分词，被动用过去分词）；状语从句：将从句转换为非谓语短语、介词短语或并列句，保持逻辑关系一致。二、专项练习题（共100题，按类型分类）（一）词性转换类（20题）1.The______(decide)hemadewasveryimportant.→He______(decide)somethingveryimportant.2.Sheisa______(create)artist.→She______(create)manybeautifulpaintings.3.The______(long)oftheriveris500kilometers.→Theriver______(long)500kilometers.4.His______(behave)madeusangry.→He______(behave)badlyandmadeusangry.5.The______(discover)ofthenewstarexcitedscientists.→Scientists______(discover)anewstar.6.Shespokewithgreat______(confident).→Shespoke______(confident).7.The______(develop)ofAIischangingourlife.→AIis______(develop)rapidly.8.His______(ill)madehimstayinbed.→Hewas______(ill)andstayedinbed.9.The______(please)tripmadeushappy.→We______(please)withthetrip.10.The______(possible)ofsuccessishigh.→It’s______(possible)tosucceed.11.Heisa______(power)leader.→He______(power)theteamtowin.12.The______(protect)ofenvironmentisimportant.→Weshould______(protect)theenvironment.13.His______(serve)isexcellent.→He______(serve)customerswell.14.The______(suggest)hegavewasuseful.→He______(suggest)agoodidea.15.The______(true)ishardtoaccept.→Thestoryis______(true).16.The______(weigh)oftheboxis10kg.→Thebox______(weigh)10kg.17.Sheisa______(wait)attherestaurant.→She______(wait)oncustomers.18.The______(warm)ofthesunfeelsgood.→Thesun______(warm)theearth.19.His______(wise)helpedhimsolvetheproblem.→Hesolvedtheproblem______(wise).20.The______(wood)tableisbeautiful.→Thetableismadeof______(wood).（二）短语/词汇替换类（20题）1.Wemust____________(dealwith)thisproblematonce.→Wemust______(solve)thisproblematonce.2.He____________(arrivedat)thestationontime.→He______(reached)thestationontime.3.She____________(isgoodat)playingthepiano.→She______(doeswellin)playingthepiano.4.They____________(putoff)themeetinguntilnextweek.→They______(delayed)themeetinguntilnextweek.5.I____________(amfondof)readingnovels.→I______(like)readingnovels.6.He____________(takescareof)hislittlesister.→He______(looksafter)hislittlesister.7.We____________(inorderto)win,wepracticehard.→Wepracticehard____________(soasto)win.8.She____________(isinterestedin)science.→She______(showsinterestin)science.9.He____________(gaveup)smokinglastyear.→He______(abandoned)smokinglastyear.10.Themeeting____________(tookplace)yesterday.→Themeeting______(happened)yesterday.11.I____________(agreewith)hisopinion.→I______(support)hisopinion.12.She____________(isresponsiblefor)theproject.→She______(takeschargeof)theproject.13.He____________(isableto)speakthreelanguages.→He______(can)speakthreelanguages.14.We____________(areshortof)money.→We______(lack)money.15.Thebook____________(belongsto)me.→I______(own)thebook.16.He____________(isdifferentfrom)hisbrother.→He______(differsfrom)hisbrother.17.She____________(isafraidof)dogs.→She______(fears)dogs.18.We____________(getalongwith)eachotherwell.→We______(getonwith)eachotherwell.19.He____________(istiredof)thisjob.→He______(isboredwith)thisjob.20.Therain____________(prevented…from)usgoingout.→Therain______(stopped)usfromgoingout.（三）句型结构转换类（20题）1.It’snecessaryforstudents____________(study)hard.→______hard______necessaryforstudents.2.Sheissotiredthatshecan’twalk.→Sheis______tired______walk.3.Idon’tknowhowIcansolvethisproblem.→Idon’tknow__________________thisproblem.4.Heisastallashisfather.→Hisfatheris__________________heis.5.Theboxistooheavyformetocarry.→Theboxis______heavy______Ican’tcarryit.6.It’skindofyoutohelpme.→____________tohelpme.7.Hespenttwohoursdoinghishomework.→It______himtwohours____________hishomework.8.SheprefersreadingtowatchingTV.→She____________read______watchTV.9.Thegirlisveryclever.Wealllikeher.→Thegirl__________________wealllikeher.10.Ithinkheisnotright.→I____________heisright.11.Themovieissointerestingthatweallwanttoseeit.→It’s____________moviethatweallwanttoseeit.12.Heisthetallestboyinhisclass.→Heistallerthan____________boyinhisclass.13.Shedidn’tgotobeduntilhermothercameback.→She______tobed______hermothercameback.14.Ihaveneverseensuchabeautifulplace.→____________abeautifulplace______Ihaveseen.15.Theteachertoldustostopandhavearest.→Theteachertoldustostop____________arest.16.Itseemsthatheishappy.→Heseems____________happy.17.Thebookisworthreading.→Thebookis____________reading.18.Heisoldenoughtogotoschool.→Heis______old______hecangotoschool.19.IwonderwhereIshouldgo.→Iwonder__________________.20.Themoreyoupractice,thebetteryouwillbe.→______practiceyoudo,______youwillbe.（四）时态/语态转换类（10题）1.Theywillbuildanewschoolhere.→Anewschool__________________here(bythem).2.Iboughtthisbooktwoyearsago.→I____________thisbookfortwoyears.3.Theworkersarebuildingabridge.→Abridge__________________bytheworkers.4.Hehasfinishedhishomework.→Hishomework__________________byhim.5.Shewilltaketheexamtomorrow.→Theexam__________________byhertomorrow.6.Imethiminthestreetyesterday.→He____________bymeinthestreetyesterday.7.Wehaveplantedmanytrees.→Manytrees__________________byus.8.Hewrotealetterlastnight.→Aletter____________byhimlastnight.9.Thedogbittheboy.→Theboy____________bythedog.10.Theywillinvitehimtotheparty.→He__________________totheparty(bythem).（五）复合句与简单句转换类（20题）1.Theboywho______(sit)bythewindowismycousin.→Theboy______bythewindowismycousin.2.Becauseitrainedheavily,westayedathome.→Westayedathome____________theheavyrain.3.Thehousewhich______(build)lastyearisourlibrary.→Thehouse______lastyearisourlibrary.4.Sinceheisill,hecan’tgotoschool.→____________hisillness,hecan’tgotoschool.5.Thegirlwho______(wear)areddressismysister.→Thegirl______areddressismysister.6.Asheisateacher,heknowshowtoteach.→____________ateacher,heknowshowtoteach.7.Thebookthat______(write)byLuXunisveryfamous.→Thebook______byLuXunisveryfamous.8.Becauseshewasbusy,shedidn’tgoout.→____________herbusyness,sh